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Mechanisms Of Artemisia Scoparia’S Anti-Inflammatory Activity In Cultured Adipocytes, Macrophages, And Pancreatic Β-Cells, Anik Boudreau, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier, Allison J. Richard, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens Sep 2020

Mechanisms Of Artemisia Scoparia’S Anti-Inflammatory Activity In Cultured Adipocytes, Macrophages, And Pancreatic Β-Cells, Anik Boudreau, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier, Allison J. Richard, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Obesity Society Objective: An ethanolic extract of Artemisia scoparia (SCO) improves adipose tissue function and reduces negative metabolic consequences of high-fat feeding. A. scoparia has a long history of medicinal use across Asia and has anti-inflammatory effects in various cell types and disease models. The objective of the current study was to investigate SCO’s effects on inflammation in cells relevant to metabolic health. Methods: Inflammatory responses were assayed in cultured adipocytes, macrophages, and insulinoma cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and NF-κB reporter assays. Results: In tumor necrosis factor α–treated adipocytes, SCO mitigated ERK and NF-κB …

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The Cdk Inhibitor Siamese Targets Both Cdka;1 And Cdkb1 Complexes To Establish Endoreplication In Trichomes1[Open], Kai Wang, Ruth W. Ndathe, Narender Kumar, Elizabeth A. Zeringue, Naohiro Kato, John C. Larkin Sep 2020

The Cdk Inhibitor Siamese Targets Both Cdka;1 And Cdkb1 Complexes To Establish Endoreplication In Trichomes1[Open], Kai Wang, Ruth W. Ndathe, Narender Kumar, Elizabeth A. Zeringue, Naohiro Kato, John C. Larkin

Faculty Publications

© 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. Endoreplication, also known as endoreduplication, is a modified cell cycle in which DNA is replicated without subsequent cell division. Endoreplication plays important roles in both normal plant development and in stress responses. The SIAMESE (SIM) gene of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that plays a central role in establishing endoreplication, and is the founding member of the SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR) family of plant-specific CDK inhibitor genes. However, there has been conflicting evidence regarding which specific cyclin/CDK complexes are inhibited by SIM in vivo. In this work, we …

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A Metacognitive Approach To Reconsidering Risk Perceptions And Uncertainty: Understand Information Seeking During Covid-19, Yan Huang, Chun Yang Sep 2020

A Metacognitive Approach To Reconsidering Risk Perceptions And Uncertainty: Understand Information Seeking During Covid-19, Yan Huang, Chun Yang

Faculty Publications

The study examined the psychological drivers of information-seeking behaviors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Employing a two-wave (from April 16, 2020, to April 27, 2020) survey design (N= 381), the study confirmed that both risk perceptions and uncertainty were important antecedents to information seeking and that their effects were linked to emotional appraisals of the risk situation. Findings revealed nuanced relationships between these two constructs and emotional appraisals. Danger appraisal was positively associated with perceived susceptibility and susceptibility uncertainty but negatively related to severity uncertainty; hope appraisal depended on the interaction between uncertainty and risk perceptions. Implications of …

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Racial Disparities In Air Pollution Burden And Covid-19 Deaths In Louisiana, Usa, In The Context Of Long-Term Changes In Fine Particulate Pollution, Kimberly A. Terrell, Wesley James Sep 2020

Racial Disparities In Air Pollution Burden And Covid-19 Deaths In Louisiana, Usa, In The Context Of Long-Term Changes In Fine Particulate Pollution, Kimberly A. Terrell, Wesley James

Faculty Publications

Black Americans in Louisiana are disproportionately dying from COVID-19, and environmental disparities may be contributing to this injustice. While Black communities in Louisiana's industrialized regions (e.g., Cancer Alley, Calcasieu Parish) have been overburdened with pollution for decades, this disparity has not been evaluated by using recent data. Here, we explore statewide relationships among air pollution burden, race, COVID-19 death rates, and other health/socioeconomic factors. Measures of pollution burden included satellite-derived particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and health risks from toxic air pollution (i.e., respiratory hazard [RH] and immunological hazard [IH], estimated by the Environmental Protection Agency). In addition, we evaluate changes …

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Effects Of Experimental Lightgaps And Topography On Enrichment Plantings In A Central Amazonian Secondary Forest, Tony Vizcarra Bentos, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Marisangela Dos Anjos Marisangela, G. Bruce Williamson Sep 2020

Effects Of Experimental Lightgaps And Topography On Enrichment Plantings In A Central Amazonian Secondary Forest, Tony Vizcarra Bentos, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Marisangela Dos Anjos Marisangela, G. Bruce Williamson

Faculty Publications

Enrichment plantings into secondary forest are an important option in restoring species diversity and ecosystem services. However, little attention has been given to environmental requirements for species performance. This study evaluated the effects of lightgaps and topographic position on the growth and survival of four native tree species (Pouteria caimito, Garcinia macrophylla, Dipteryx odorata and Cynometra bauhiniaefolia) planted into a 26-year old secondary forest originating from abandoned pastures in the central Amazon Basin. Artificial lightgaps and control plots under closed canopy were uniformly distributed on plateaus and bottomlands near water bodies. Seedlings were planted randomly into the plots and monitored …

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The Pull-To-Stay Effect: Influence Of Sales Managers' Leadership Worthiness On Salesperson Turnover Intentions, Vishag Badrinarayanan, Aditya Gupta, Nawar N. Chaker Sep 2020

The Pull-To-Stay Effect: Influence Of Sales Managers' Leadership Worthiness On Salesperson Turnover Intentions, Vishag Badrinarayanan, Aditya Gupta, Nawar N. Chaker

Faculty Publications

Given that salesperson turnover is a significant problem for sales organizations, sales researchers have devoted a lot of attention toward explicating various drivers and mitigators of salesperson turnover intentions. Within this domain, consistent with the popular sentiment "employees don't quit their jobs, they quit their bosses," scholars have explored sales manager-related triggers such as leadership style, salesperson - sales manager relational exchange, and several managerial characteristics. We extend this stream of research by developing and testing a framework of salespersons' perceptions of their manager'sleadership worthiness- a higher-order construct comprising of competence, charisma, and behavioral integrity - and its subsequent impact …

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Under Pressure: Time Management, Self-Leadership, And The Nurse Manager, Elizabeth Goldsby, Michael Goldsby, Christopher B. Neck, Christopher P. Neck Sep 2020

Under Pressure: Time Management, Self-Leadership, And The Nurse Manager, Elizabeth Goldsby, Michael Goldsby, Christopher B. Neck, Christopher P. Neck

Faculty Publications

Decision making by nurses is complicated by the stress, chaos, and challenging demands of the work. One of the major stressors confronting nurses is perceived time pressure. Given the potential negative outcomes on nurses due to perceived time pressures, it seems logical that a nurse manager's ability to lead nurses in moderating this time pressure and in turn to make better decisions could enhance nurse well-being and performance. Paralleling research in the nursing literature suggests that, in order to improve patients' judgement of the care they received, nurse managers should embrace ways to lower nurses' perceived time pressure. In this …

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Urban Crime Mapping And Analysis Using Gis, Alina Ristea, Michael Leitner Sep 2020

Urban Crime Mapping And Analysis Using Gis, Alina Ristea, Michael Leitner

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Corrigendum To “Phylogeography Of The Variable Antshrike (Thamnophilus Caerulescens), A South American Passerine Distributed Along Multiple Environmental Gradients” [Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 148 (2020) 106810](S1055790320300828)(10.1016/J.Ympev.2020.106810), Sergio D. Bolívar-Leguizamón, Luís F. Silveira, Elizabeth P. Derryberry, Robb T. Brumfield, Gustavo A. Bravo Sep 2020

Corrigendum To “Phylogeography Of The Variable Antshrike (Thamnophilus Caerulescens), A South American Passerine Distributed Along Multiple Environmental Gradients” [Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 148 (2020) 106810](S1055790320300828)(10.1016/J.Ympev.2020.106810), Sergio D. Bolívar-Leguizamón, Luís F. Silveira, Elizabeth P. Derryberry, Robb T. Brumfield, Gustavo A. Bravo

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. The authors regret: (a) The information of Table 2 has incorrect values in column 6. The following table has the correct values. (b) Also, there is a minor typo in the section ‘Data accessibility’, in the word: ‘alignmentsare’. The correct words are: ‘alignments are’. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.

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Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Modifies The Relationship Between Genetically Determined Body Mass Index During Pregnancy And Childhood Obesity, Zhaoxia Liang, Huikun Liu, Leishen Wang, Qiying Song, Dianjianyi Sun, Weiqin Li, Junhong Leng, Ru Gao, Gang Hu, Lu Qi Sep 2020

Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Modifies The Relationship Between Genetically Determined Body Mass Index During Pregnancy And Childhood Obesity, Zhaoxia Liang, Huikun Liu, Leishen Wang, Qiying Song, Dianjianyi Sun, Weiqin Li, Junhong Leng, Ru Gao, Gang Hu, Lu Qi

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: To analyze the interactions between maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and genetically determined maternal body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy on offspring childhood obesity. Research Design and Methods: A total of 1114 Chinese mother-child pairs (560 GDM and 554 non-GDM) were included between August 2009 and July 2011. Maternal genetic risk score (GRS) of BMI during pregnancy was derived on the basis of 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from a genome-wide association study. Offspring's BMI, BMI-for-age z score, weight, weight-for-age z score, waist circumference, sum of skinfolds, and body fat percentage during childhood were measured or calculated. Results: Maternal …

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Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating And Reporting Standards (Ricors 1.0): A Guide To Conducting And Reporting Human Whole-Room Calorimeter Studies, Kong Y. Chen, Steve Smith, Eric Ravussin, Jonathan Krakoff, Guy Plasqui, Shigeho Tanaka, Peter Murgatroyd, Robert Brychta, Christopher Bock, Elvis Carnero, Paul Schoffelen, Yoichi Hatamoto, Corey Rynders, Edward L. Melanson Sep 2020

Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating And Reporting Standards (Ricors 1.0): A Guide To Conducting And Reporting Human Whole-Room Calorimeter Studies, Kong Y. Chen, Steve Smith, Eric Ravussin, Jonathan Krakoff, Guy Plasqui, Shigeho Tanaka, Peter Murgatroyd, Robert Brychta, Christopher Bock, Elvis Carnero, Paul Schoffelen, Yoichi Hatamoto, Corey Rynders, Edward L. Melanson

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Whole-room indirect calorimeters have been used to study human metabolism for more than a century. These studies have contributed substantial knowledge to the assessment of nutritional needs and the regulation of energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in humans. However, comparing results from studies conducted at different sites is challenging because of a lack of consistency in reporting technical performance, study design, and results. In May 2019, an expert panel was convened to consider minimal requirements for conducting and reporting the results of human whole-room indirect calorimeter studies. We propose Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating and Reporting Standards, version 1.0 (RICORS 1.0) …

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The Design Of A Randomized Clinical Trial To Evaluate A Pragmatic And Scalable Ehealth Intervention For The Management Of Gestational Weight Gain In Low-Income Women: Protocol For The Smartmoms In Wic Trial, Emily W. Flanagan, Abby D. Altazan, Natalie R. Comardelle, L. Anne Gilmore, John W. Apolzan, Jessica St. Romain, Julie C. Hardee, Renee S. Puyau, Christy L. Mayet, Robbie A. Beyl, S. Ariel Barlow, Sarah Surber Bounds, Kelsey N. Olson, Betty M. Kennedy, Daniel S. Hsia, Leanne M. Redman Sep 2020

The Design Of A Randomized Clinical Trial To Evaluate A Pragmatic And Scalable Ehealth Intervention For The Management Of Gestational Weight Gain In Low-Income Women: Protocol For The Smartmoms In Wic Trial, Emily W. Flanagan, Abby D. Altazan, Natalie R. Comardelle, L. Anne Gilmore, John W. Apolzan, Jessica St. Romain, Julie C. Hardee, Renee S. Puyau, Christy L. Mayet, Robbie A. Beyl, S. Ariel Barlow, Sarah Surber Bounds, Kelsey N. Olson, Betty M. Kennedy, Daniel S. Hsia, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Less than one-third of women gain an appropriate amount of weight during pregnancy, which can influence the long-term health of both the mother and the child. Economically disadvantaged women are the most vulnerable to maternal obesity, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, and poor birth outcomes. Effective and scalable health care strategies to promote healthy weight gain during pregnancy specifically tailored for these women are lacking. Objective: This paper presents the design and protocol of a biphasic, community-based eHealth trial, SmartMoms in WIC, to increase the adherence to healthy gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations in low-income mothers receiving women, infant, …

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Α -Logarithmic Negativity, Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde Sep 2020

Α -Logarithmic Negativity, Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

The logarithmic negativity of a bipartite quantum state is a widely employed entanglement measure in quantum information theory due to the fact that it is easy to compute and serves as an upper bound on distillable entanglement. More recently, the κ entanglement of a bipartite state was shown to be an entanglement measure that is both easily computable and has a precise information-theoretic meaning, being equal to the exact entanglement cost of a bipartite quantum state when the free operations are those that completely preserve the positivity of the partial transpose [Xin Wang and Mark M. Wilde, Phys. Rev. Lett. …

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Erratum: Wfirst And Euclid: Enabling The Microlensing Parallax Measurement From Space (Astrophysical Journal Letters (2019) Apjl 880 (L32) Doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/Ab2da5), Etienne Bachelet, Matthew Penny Sep 2020

Erratum: Wfirst And Euclid: Enabling The Microlensing Parallax Measurement From Space (Astrophysical Journal Letters (2019) Apjl 880 (L32) Doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/Ab2da5), Etienne Bachelet, Matthew Penny

Faculty Publications

The top panel of Figure 3 in the published article was left out of the published version. Here we provide the full Figure 3 showing both panels. The bottom panel is unchanged from that shown in the published article.The authors thank Radek Poleski and Will Dawson for alerting them to the incorrect figure.(Figure Presented).

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Kelt-25 B And Kelt-26 B: A Hot Jupiter And A Substellar Companion Transiting Young A Stars Observed By Tess, Romy Rodríguez Martínez, B. Scott Gaudi, Joseph E. Rodriguez, George Zhou, Jonathan Labadie-Bartz, Samuel N. Quinn, Kaloyan Penev, Thiam Guan Tan, David W. Latham, Leonardo A. Paredes, John F. Kielkopf, Brett Addison, Duncan J. Wright, Johanna Teske, Steve B. Howell, David Ciardi, Carl Ziegler, Keivan G. Stassun, Marshall C. Johnson, Jason D. Eastman, Robert J. Siverd, Thomas G. Beatty, Luke Bouma, Timothy Bedding, Joshua Pepper, Joshua Winn, Michael B. Lund, Steven Villanueva, Daniel J. Stevens, Eric L.N. Jensen, Coleman Kilby, Jeffrey D. Crane, Andrei Tokovinin Sep 2020

Kelt-25 B And Kelt-26 B: A Hot Jupiter And A Substellar Companion Transiting Young A Stars Observed By Tess, Romy Rodríguez Martínez, B. Scott Gaudi, Joseph E. Rodriguez, George Zhou, Jonathan Labadie-Bartz, Samuel N. Quinn, Kaloyan Penev, Thiam Guan Tan, David W. Latham, Leonardo A. Paredes, John F. Kielkopf, Brett Addison, Duncan J. Wright, Johanna Teske, Steve B. Howell, David Ciardi, Carl Ziegler, Keivan G. Stassun, Marshall C. Johnson, Jason D. Eastman, Robert J. Siverd, Thomas G. Beatty, Luke Bouma, Timothy Bedding, Joshua Pepper, Joshua Winn, Michael B. Lund, Steven Villanueva, Daniel J. Stevens, Eric L.N. Jensen, Coleman Kilby, Jeffrey D. Crane, Andrei Tokovinin

Faculty Publications

We present the discoveries of KELT-25 b (TIC 65412605, TOI-626.01) and KELT-26 b (TIC 160708862, TOI-1337.01), two transiting companions orbiting relatively bright, early A stars. The transit signals were initially detected by the KELT survey and subsequently confirmed by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry. KELT-25 b is on a 4.40 day orbit around the V = 9.66 star CD-24 5016 (Teff=8280-180+440 K, M ∗ = 2.18-0.11+0.12 M o˙), while KELT-26 b is on a 3.34 day orbit around the V = 9.95 star HD 134004 (Teff = 8640-240+500 K, M ∗ = 1.93-0.16+0.14 M o˙), which is likely an …

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Predictions Of The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Galactic Exoplanet Survey. Ii. Free-Floating Planet Detection Rates, Samson A. Johnson, Matthew Penny, B. Scott Gaudi, Eamonn Kerins, Nicholas J. Rattenbury, Annie C. Robin, Sebastiano Calchi Novati, Calen B. Henderson Sep 2020

Predictions Of The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Galactic Exoplanet Survey. Ii. Free-Floating Planet Detection Rates, Samson A. Johnson, Matthew Penny, B. Scott Gaudi, Eamonn Kerins, Nicholas J. Rattenbury, Annie C. Robin, Sebastiano Calchi Novati, Calen B. Henderson

Faculty Publications

The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) will perform a Galactic Exoplanet Survey (RGES) to discover bound exoplanets with semimajor axes greater than 1 au using gravitational microlensing. Roman will even be sensitive to planetary-mass objects that are not gravitationally bound to any host star. Such free-floating planetary-mass objects (FFPs) will be detected as isolated microlensing events with timescales shorter than a few days. A measurement of the abundance and mass function of FFPs is a powerful diagnostic of the formation and evolution of planetary systems, as well as the physics of the formation of isolated objects via direct collapse. …

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Ab Initio Leading Order Effective Potentials For Elastic Nucleon-Nucleus Scattering, M. Burrows, R. B. Baker, Ch Elster, S. P. Weppner, K. D. Launey, P. Maris, G. Popa Sep 2020

Ab Initio Leading Order Effective Potentials For Elastic Nucleon-Nucleus Scattering, M. Burrows, R. B. Baker, Ch Elster, S. P. Weppner, K. D. Launey, P. Maris, G. Popa

Faculty Publications

Background: Calculating microscopic effective interactions (optical potentials) for elastic nucleon-nucleus scattering has already led to a large body of work. For leading-order calculations a nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction and a one-body density of the nucleus were taken as input to rigorous calculations of microscopic full-folding calculations. Purpose: Based on the spectator expansion of the multiple scattering series, we employ a chiral next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) nucleon-nucleon interaction on the same footing in the structure as well as in the reaction calculation to obtain an effective potential for nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering, consistent in leading-order, which includes the spin of the struck target nucleon.Methods: …

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Robust Localized Zero-Energy Modes From Locally Embedded Pt-Symmetric Defects, Fatemeh Mostafavi, Cem Yuce, Omar S. Maganã-Loaiza, Henning Schomerus, Hamidreza Ramezani Sep 2020

Robust Localized Zero-Energy Modes From Locally Embedded Pt-Symmetric Defects, Fatemeh Mostafavi, Cem Yuce, Omar S. Maganã-Loaiza, Henning Schomerus, Hamidreza Ramezani

Faculty Publications

We demonstrate the creation of robust localized zero-energy states that are induced into topologically trivial systems by the insertion of a PT-symmetric defect with local gain and loss. A pair of robust localized states induced by the defect turns into zero-energy modes when the gain-loss contrast exceeds a threshold, at which the defect states encounter an exceptional point. Our approach can be used to obtain robust lasing or perfectly absorbing modes in any part of the system.

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Erratum: Search For Photons With Energies Above 1018 Ev Using The Hybrid Detector Of The Pierre Auger Observatory (Journal Of Cosmology And Astroparticle Physics (2017) 4 (9) Doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2017/04/009), A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Al Samarai, I. F.M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Balaceanu, R. J. Barreira Luz, J. J. Beatty, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, P. Billoir, J. Biteau, S. G. Blaess Sep 2020

Erratum: Search For Photons With Energies Above 1018 Ev Using The Hybrid Detector Of The Pierre Auger Observatory (Journal Of Cosmology And Astroparticle Physics (2017) 4 (9) Doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2017/04/009), A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Al Samarai, I. F.M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Balaceanu, R. J. Barreira Luz, J. J. Beatty, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, P. Billoir, J. Biteau, S. G. Blaess

Faculty Publications

1 Exposure calculation Due to a mistake in the numerical integration following eq. (6.2) of the original article [1], the exposure shown in figure 5 of the original article was incorrect. The correct exposure is shown in figure 1. 2 Upper limits on the integral photon flux and fraction The incorrect exposure affects the calculation of the upper limits on the integral photon flux following eq. (6.1) of the original article. The correct values for the upper limits are 0.038, 0.010, 0.009, 0.008 and 0.007 km−2 sr−1 yr−1 for threshold energies of 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 EeV. The …

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Studies On The Response Of A Water-Cherenkov Detector Of The Pierre Auger Observatory To Atmospheric Muons Using An Rpc Hodoscope, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. Alves Batista, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P. R.Araújo Ferreira, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, R. J.Barreira Luz, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, T. Bister, J. Biteau, A. Blanco, J. Blazek Sep 2020

Studies On The Response Of A Water-Cherenkov Detector Of The Pierre Auger Observatory To Atmospheric Muons Using An Rpc Hodoscope, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. Alves Batista, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P. R.Araújo Ferreira, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, R. J.Barreira Luz, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, T. Bister, J. Biteau, A. Blanco, J. Blazek

Faculty Publications

Extensive air showers, originating from ultra-high energy cosmic rays, have been successfully measured through the use of arrays of water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs). Sophisticated analyses exploiting WCD data have made it possible to demonstrate that shower simulations, based on different hadronic-interaction models, cannot reproduce the observed number of muons at the ground. The accurate knowledge of the WCD response to muons is paramount in establishing the exact level of this discrepancy. In this work, we report on a study of the response of a WCD of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons performed with a hodoscope made of resistive plate …

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Properties And Astrophysical Implications Of The 150 M O˙Binary Black Hole Merger Gw190521, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, A. Aich, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, S. Akcay, G. Allen, A. Allocca, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, S. Anand, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Ansoldi, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda Sep 2020

Properties And Astrophysical Implications Of The 150 M O˙Binary Black Hole Merger Gw190521, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, A. Aich, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, S. Akcay, G. Allen, A. Allocca, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, S. Anand, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Ansoldi, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda

Faculty Publications

The gravitational-wave signal GW190521 is consistent with a binary black hole (BBH) merger source at redshift 0.8 with unusually high component masses, 85-14+21 M o˙ and 66-18+17 M o˙, compared to previously reported events, and shows mild evidence for spin-induced orbital precession. The primary falls in the mass gap predicted by (pulsational) pair-instability supernova theory, in the approximate range 65-120 M o˙. The probability that at least one of the black holes in GW190521 is in that range is 99.0%. The final mass of the merger (142-16+28 M o˙) classifies it as an intermediate-mass black hole. Under the assumption of …

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Understanding The Biogeochemical Impacts Of Fish Farms Using A Benthic-Pelagic Model, Evgeniy V. Yakushev, Philip Wallhead, Paul E. Renaud, Alisa Ilinskaya, Elizaveta Protsenko, Shamil Yakubov, Svetlana Pakhomova, Andrew K. Sweetman, Kathy Dunlop, Anfisa Berezina, Richard G.J. Bellerby, Trine Dale Sep 2020

Understanding The Biogeochemical Impacts Of Fish Farms Using A Benthic-Pelagic Model, Evgeniy V. Yakushev, Philip Wallhead, Paul E. Renaud, Alisa Ilinskaya, Elizaveta Protsenko, Shamil Yakubov, Svetlana Pakhomova, Andrew K. Sweetman, Kathy Dunlop, Anfisa Berezina, Richard G.J. Bellerby, Trine Dale

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Sustainable development of the salmon farming industry requires knowledge of the biogeochemical impacts of fish farm emissions. To investigate the spatial and temporal scales of farm impacts on the water column and benthic biogeochemistry, we coupled the C-N-P-Si-O-S-Mn-Fe transformation model BROM with a 2-dimensional benthic-pelagic transport model (2DBP), considering vertical and horizontal transport in the water and upper 5 cm of sediments along a 10 km transect centered on a fish farm. The 2DBP model was forced by hydrophysical model data for the Hardangerfjord in western Norway. Model simulations showed reasonable agreement with field data …

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Insights Into Nanoscalewettability Effects Of Low Salinity And Nanofluid Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques, Dayo Afekare, Jayne C. Garno, Dandina Rao Sep 2020

Insights Into Nanoscalewettability Effects Of Low Salinity And Nanofluid Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques, Dayo Afekare, Jayne C. Garno, Dandina Rao

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. In this study, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques-namely low salinity and nanofluid EOR-are probed at the nanometer-scale using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Mica substrates were used as model clay-rich rocks while AFM tips were coated to present alkyl (-CH3), aromatic (-C6H5) and carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional groups, to simulate oil media. We prepared brine formulations to test brine dilution and cation bridging effects while selected concentrations (0 to 1 wt%) of hydrophilic SiO2 nanoparticles dispersed in 1 wt% NaCl were used as nanofluids. Samples were immersed in fluid cells and chemical force mapping was …

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Complement In Reproductive White Adipose Tissue Characterizes The Obese Preeclamptic-Like Bph/5 Mouse Prior To And During Pregnancy, Kelsey N. Olson, Dorien Reijnders, Viviane C.L. Gomes, R. Caitlin Hebert, Chin Chi Liu, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Leanne M. Redman, Nataki C. Douglas, Jennifer L. Sones Sep 2020

Complement In Reproductive White Adipose Tissue Characterizes The Obese Preeclamptic-Like Bph/5 Mouse Prior To And During Pregnancy, Kelsey N. Olson, Dorien Reijnders, Viviane C.L. Gomes, R. Caitlin Hebert, Chin Chi Liu, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Leanne M. Redman, Nataki C. Douglas, Jennifer L. Sones

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by abnormal placental development with an unknown etiology. To better understand which women will develop PE, a number of maternal risk factors have been identified, including obesity. Visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) contains inflammatory mediators that may contribute to PE. To explore this, we utilized the blood pressure high (BPH)/5 mouse model of superimposed PE that spontaneously recapitulates the maternal PE syndrome. We hypothesized that BPH/5 visceralWAT adjacent to the female reproductive tract (reproductiveWAT) is a source of complement factors that …

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Fire As A Fundamental Ecological Process: Research Advances And Frontiers, Kendra K. Mclauchlan, Philip E. Higuera, Jessica Miesel, Brendan M. Rogers, Jennifer Schweitzer, Jacquelyn K. Shuman, Alan J. Tepley, J. Morgan Varner, Thomas T. Veblen, Solny A. Adalsteinsson, Jennifer K. Balch, Patrick Baker, Enric Batllori, Erica Bigio, Paulo Brando, Megan Cattau, Melissa L. Chipman, Janice Coen, Raelene Crandall, Lori Daniels, Neal Enright, Wendy S. Gross, Brian J. Harvey, Jeff A. Hatten, Sharon Hermann, Rebecca E. Hewitt, Leda N. Kobziar, Jennifer B. Landesmann, Michael M. Loranty, S. Yoshi Maezumi, Linda Mearns, Max Moritz, Jonathan A. Myers Sep 2020

Fire As A Fundamental Ecological Process: Research Advances And Frontiers, Kendra K. Mclauchlan, Philip E. Higuera, Jessica Miesel, Brendan M. Rogers, Jennifer Schweitzer, Jacquelyn K. Shuman, Alan J. Tepley, J. Morgan Varner, Thomas T. Veblen, Solny A. Adalsteinsson, Jennifer K. Balch, Patrick Baker, Enric Batllori, Erica Bigio, Paulo Brando, Megan Cattau, Melissa L. Chipman, Janice Coen, Raelene Crandall, Lori Daniels, Neal Enright, Wendy S. Gross, Brian J. Harvey, Jeff A. Hatten, Sharon Hermann, Rebecca E. Hewitt, Leda N. Kobziar, Jennifer B. Landesmann, Michael M. Loranty, S. Yoshi Maezumi, Linda Mearns, Max Moritz, Jonathan A. Myers

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society Fire is a powerful ecological and evolutionary force that regulates organismal traits, population sizes, species interactions, community composition, carbon and nutrient cycling and ecosystem function. It also presents a rapidly growing societal challenge, due to both increasingly destructive wildfires and fire exclusion in fire-dependent ecosystems. As an ecological process, fire integrates complex feedbacks among biological, social and geophysical processes, requiring coordination across several fields and scales of study. Here, we describe the diversity of ways in which fire operates as …

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The Influence Of Stochasticity, Landscape Structure And Species Traits On Abundant–Centre Relationships, Tad A. Dallas, Luca Santini Sep 2020

The Influence Of Stochasticity, Landscape Structure And Species Traits On Abundant–Centre Relationships, Tad A. Dallas, Luca Santini

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Ecography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Society Oikos Species have been commonly hypothesized to have high population densities in geographic areas which correspond to either the centre of the species geographic range or climatic niche (abundant–centre hypothesis). However, there is mixed empirical support for this relationship, and little theoretical underpinning. We simulate a species spreading across a set of replicated artificial landscapes to examine the expected level of support for abundant–centre relationships in geographic and niche space. Species niche constraints were modeled as a single axis which was related directly …

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Identification Of Pathways Associated With Placental Adaptation To Maternal Nutrient Restriction In Sheep, Ashley K. Edwards, Kathrin A. Dunlap, Thomas E. Spencer, M. Carey Satterfield Sep 2020

Identification Of Pathways Associated With Placental Adaptation To Maternal Nutrient Restriction In Sheep, Ashley K. Edwards, Kathrin A. Dunlap, Thomas E. Spencer, M. Carey Satterfield

Faculty Publications

Maternal nutrient restriction impairs placental growth and development, but available evidence suggests that adaptive mechanisms exist, in a subset of nutrient restricted (NR) ewes, that support normal fetal growth and do not result in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This study utilized Affymetrix GeneChip Bovine and Ovine Genome 1.0 ST Arrays to identify novel placental genes associated with differential fetal growth rates within NR ewes. Singleton pregnancies were generated by embryo transfer and, beginning on Day 35 of pregnancy, ewes received either a 100% NRC (control-fed group; n = 7) or 50% NRC (NR group; n = 24) diet until necropsy …

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Synergisms In Science: Climate Change And Integrated Pest Management Through The Lens Of Communication-2019 Student Debates, Jocelyn R. Holt, Lina Bernaola, Kadie E. Britt, Chirs Mccullough, Morgan Roth, Jennie Wagner, Max Ragozzino, Leslie Aviles, Zhilin Li, Forest Huval, Manoj Pandey, Benjamin W. Lee, Megan Asche, Abigail Hayes, Abigail Cohen, Adrian Marshall, Hannah E. Quellhorst, Rachel V. Wilkins, Valerie Nguyen, Jacqueline Maille, Rachel K. Skinner, John J. Ternest, Sarah Anderson, Scott W. Gula, Kayleigh Hauri, Julius Eason, Megan Mulcahy, Scott Lee, James Michael Villegas, Patricia Shorter Sep 2020

Synergisms In Science: Climate Change And Integrated Pest Management Through The Lens Of Communication-2019 Student Debates, Jocelyn R. Holt, Lina Bernaola, Kadie E. Britt, Chirs Mccullough, Morgan Roth, Jennie Wagner, Max Ragozzino, Leslie Aviles, Zhilin Li, Forest Huval, Manoj Pandey, Benjamin W. Lee, Megan Asche, Abigail Hayes, Abigail Cohen, Adrian Marshall, Hannah E. Quellhorst, Rachel V. Wilkins, Valerie Nguyen, Jacqueline Maille, Rachel K. Skinner, John J. Ternest, Sarah Anderson, Scott W. Gula, Kayleigh Hauri, Julius Eason, Megan Mulcahy, Scott Lee, James Michael Villegas, Patricia Shorter

Faculty Publications

Every year, the Student Debates Subcommittee (SDS) of the Student Affairs Committee (SAC) for the annual Entomological Society of America (ESA) meeting organizes the Student Debates. This year, the SAC selected topics based on their synergistic effect or ability to ignite exponential positive change when addressed as a whole. For the 2019 Student Debates, the SAC SDS identified these topic areas for teams to debate and unbiased introduction speakers to address: 1) how to better communicate science to engage the public, particularly in the area of integrated pest management (IPM), 2) the influential impacts of climate change on agriculturally and …

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Dialysis, Covid-19, Poverty, And Race In Greater Chicago: An Ecological Analysis, Siddharth Bhayani, Ranit Sengupta, Talar Markossian, Samie Tootooni, Amy Luke, David Shoham, Richard Cooper, Holly Kramer Sep 2020

Dialysis, Covid-19, Poverty, And Race In Greater Chicago: An Ecological Analysis, Siddharth Bhayani, Ranit Sengupta, Talar Markossian, Samie Tootooni, Amy Luke, David Shoham, Richard Cooper, Holly Kramer

Faculty Publications

Rationale & Objective: Persons with end-stage kidney disease receiving in-center maintenance hemodialysis may be at high risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure and severe outcomes with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The objective of this study was to examine the correlation of SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate per capita and COVID-19–associated deaths with number of dialysis stations and demographics of residents within zip codes in Cook County, IL. Study Design: Ecological analysis. Setting & Participants: Data for SARS-CoV-2 test results and COVID-19–associated deaths during January 21 to June 15, 2020, among the 5,232,412 residents living within the 163 zip …

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Mean-Variance Relationships Of Leaf Bilateral Asymmetry For 35 Species Of Plants And Their Implications, Xiali Guo, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Jiayan He, Jingye Li, Peijian Shi Sep 2020

Mean-Variance Relationships Of Leaf Bilateral Asymmetry For 35 Species Of Plants And Their Implications, Xiali Guo, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Jiayan He, Jingye Li, Peijian Shi

Faculty Publications

Leaf bilateral asymmetry, an important indicator of leaves that tend to be affected by the above-ground architectural structure of plants and their environments (especially light), has been poorly studied. Taylor's power law (TPL) describes a power-law relationship between the mean and variance of a non-negative random variable, and its exponent has been demonstrated to reflect the degree of heterogeneity of the branch spatial arrangement of plants. In this study, we checked whether the mean-variance relationship of the absolute difference in area between the left and right sides of 11396 leaves from 35 species of plants within four families followed TPL. …

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