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Cerebrovascular Markers Of Wmh And Infarcts In Adni: A Historical Perspective And Future Directions, Pauline Maillard, Evan Fletcher, Owen Carmichael, Christopher Schwarz, Stephan Seiler, Charles Decarli Dec 2024

Cerebrovascular Markers Of Wmh And Infarcts In Adni: A Historical Perspective And Future Directions, Pauline Maillard, Evan Fletcher, Owen Carmichael, Christopher Schwarz, Stephan Seiler, Charles Decarli

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) and infarcts found on magnetic resonance imaging (MR infarcts) are common biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease. In this review, we summarize the methods, publications, and conclusions stemming from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) related to these measures. We combine analysis of WMH and MR infarct data from across the three main ADNI cohorts with a review of existing literature discussing new methodologies and scientific findings derived from these data. Although ADNI inclusion criteria were designed to minimize vascular risk factors and disease, data across all the ADNI cohorts found consistent trends of increasing WMH volumes associated …

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Blood And Mri Biomarkers Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury In Non-Concussed Collegiate Football Players, Eunhan Cho, Joshua Granger, Bailey Theall, Nathan Lemoine, Derek Calvert, Jack Marucci, Shelly Mullenix, Hollis O’Neal, Tomas Jacome, Brian A. Irving, Neil M. Johannsen, Owen Carmichael, Guillaume Spielmann Dec 2024

Blood And Mri Biomarkers Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury In Non-Concussed Collegiate Football Players, Eunhan Cho, Joshua Granger, Bailey Theall, Nathan Lemoine, Derek Calvert, Jack Marucci, Shelly Mullenix, Hollis O’Neal, Tomas Jacome, Brian A. Irving, Neil M. Johannsen, Owen Carmichael, Guillaume Spielmann

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Football has one of the highest incidence rates of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) among contact sports; however, the effects of repeated sub-concussive head impacts on brain structure and function remain under-studied. We assessed the association between biomarkers of mTBI and structural and functional MRI scans over an entire season among non-concussed NCAA Division I linemen and non-linemen. Concentrations of S100B, GFAP, BDNF, NFL, and NSE were assessed in 48 collegiate football players (32 linemen; 16 non-linemen) before the start of pre-season training (pre-camp), at the end of pre-season training (pre-season), and at the end of the competitive season (post-season). …

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Microrna (Mirna) Profiling Of Maize Genotypes With Differential Response To Aspergillus Flavus Implies Zma-Mir156–Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein (Sbp) And Zma-Mir398/Zma-Mir394–F -Box Combinations Involved In Resistance Mechanisms, Prasad Gandham, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Christine Sickler, Harikrishnan Mohan, Matthew Gilbert, Niranjan Baisakh Dec 2024

Microrna (Mirna) Profiling Of Maize Genotypes With Differential Response To Aspergillus Flavus Implies Zma-Mir156–Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein (Sbp) And Zma-Mir398/Zma-Mir394–F -Box Combinations Involved In Resistance Mechanisms, Prasad Gandham, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Christine Sickler, Harikrishnan Mohan, Matthew Gilbert, Niranjan Baisakh

Faculty Publications

Maize (Zea mays), a major food crop worldwide, is susceptible to infection by the saprophytic fungus Aspergillus flavus that can produce the carcinogenic metabolite aflatoxin (AF) especially under climate change induced abiotic stressors that favor mold growth. Several studies have used “-omics” approaches to identify genetic elements with potential roles in AF resistance, but there is a lack of research identifying the involvement of small RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) in maize-A. flavus interaction. In this study, we compared the miRNA profiles of three maize lines (resistant TZAR102, moderately resistant MI82, and susceptible Va35) at 8 h, 3 d, and …

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Many-Body Enhancement Of High-Harmonic Generation In Monolayer Mos2, Victor Chang Lee, Lun Yue, Mette B. Gaarde, Yang Hao Chan, Diana Y. Qiu Dec 2024

Many-Body Enhancement Of High-Harmonic Generation In Monolayer Mos2, Victor Chang Lee, Lun Yue, Mette B. Gaarde, Yang Hao Chan, Diana Y. Qiu

Faculty Publications

Many-body effects play an important role in enhancing and modifying optical absorption and other excited-state properties of solids in the perturbative regime, but their role in high harmonic generation (HHG) and other nonlinear response beyond the perturbative regime is not well-understood. We develop here an ab initio many-body method to study nonperturbative HHG based on the real-time propagation of the non-equilibrium Green’s function with the GW self energy. We calculate the HHG of monolayer MoS2 and obtain good agreement with experiment, including the reproduction of characteristic patterns of monotonic and nonmonotonic harmonic yield in the parallel and perpendicular responses, respectively. …

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Qmol-Grid : A Matlab Package For Quantum-Mechanical Simulations In Atomic And Molecular Systems, François Mauger, Cristel Chandre Dec 2024

Qmol-Grid : A Matlab Package For Quantum-Mechanical Simulations In Atomic And Molecular Systems, François Mauger, Cristel Chandre

Faculty Publications

The QMol-grid package provides a suite of routines for performing quantum-mechanical simulations in atomic and molecular systems, currently implemented in one spatial dimension. It supports ground- and excited-state calculations for the Schrödinger equation, density-functional theory, and Hartree–Fock levels of theory as well as propagators for field-free and field-driven time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) and real-time time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT), using symplectic-split schemes. The package is written using MATLAB's object-oriented features and handle classes. It is designed to facilitate access to the wave function(s) (TDSE) and the Kohn–Sham orbitals (TDDFT) within MATLAB's environment.

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Periodic Gamma-Ray Modulation Of The Blazar Pg 1553+113 Confirmed By Fermi-Lat And Multiwavelength Observations, S. Abdollahi, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, R. Bonino, P. Bruel, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, F. Casaburo, E. Cavazzuti, C. C. Cheung, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, G. Cozzolongo, P. Cristarella Orestano, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, N. Di Lalla, F. Dirirsa, L. Di Venere, A. Domínguez, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, A. Fiori, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, S. Garrappa Dec 2024

Periodic Gamma-Ray Modulation Of The Blazar Pg 1553+113 Confirmed By Fermi-Lat And Multiwavelength Observations, S. Abdollahi, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, R. Bonino, P. Bruel, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, F. Casaburo, E. Cavazzuti, C. C. Cheung, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, G. Cozzolongo, P. Cristarella Orestano, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, N. Di Lalla, F. Dirirsa, L. Di Venere, A. Domínguez, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, A. Fiori, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, S. Garrappa

Faculty Publications

A 2.1 yr periodic oscillation of the gamma-ray flux from the blazar PG 1553+113 has previously been tentatively identified in ∼7 yr of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope. After 15 yr of Fermi sky-survey observations, doubling the total time range, we report >7 cycle gamma-ray modulation with an estimated significance of 4σ against stochastic red noise. Independent determinations of oscillation period and phase in the earlier and the new data are in close agreement (chance probability < 0.01). Pulse timing over the full light curve is also consistent with a coherent periodicity. Multiwavelength new data from Swift X-Ray Telescope, Burst Alert Telescope, and UVOT, and from KAIT, Catalina Sky Survey, All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, and Owens Valley Radio Observatory ground-based observatories as well as archival Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer satellite-All Sky Monitor data, published optical data of Tuorla, and optical historical Harvard plates data are included in our work. Optical and radio light curves show clear correlations with the gamma-ray modulation, possibly with a nonconstant time lag for the radio flux. We interpret the gamma-ray periodicity as possibly arising from a pulsational accretion flow in a sub-parsec binary supermassive black hole system of elevated mass ratio, with orbital modulation of the supplied material and energy in the jet. Other astrophysical scenarios introduced include instabilities, disk and jet precession, rotation or nutation, and perturbations by massive stars or intermediate-mass black holes in polar orbit.

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Evidence For A Shock-Compressed Magnetic Field In The Northwestern Rim Of Vela Jr. From X-Ray Polarimetry, Dmitry A. Prokhorov, Yi Jung Yang, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Jacco Vink, Patrick Slane, Enrico Costa, Stefano Silvestri, Ping Zhou, Niccolò Bucciantini, Alessandro Di Marco, Martin C. Weisskopf, Luca Baldini, Victor Doroshenko, Steven R. Ehlert, Jeremy Heyl, Philip Kaaret, Dawoon E. Kim, Frédéric Marin, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Chi Yung Ng, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Carmelo Sgrò, Paolo Soffitta, Douglas A. Swartz, Toru Tamagawa, Fei Xie, Iván Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno Dec 2024

Evidence For A Shock-Compressed Magnetic Field In The Northwestern Rim Of Vela Jr. From X-Ray Polarimetry, Dmitry A. Prokhorov, Yi Jung Yang, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Jacco Vink, Patrick Slane, Enrico Costa, Stefano Silvestri, Ping Zhou, Niccolò Bucciantini, Alessandro Di Marco, Martin C. Weisskopf, Luca Baldini, Victor Doroshenko, Steven R. Ehlert, Jeremy Heyl, Philip Kaaret, Dawoon E. Kim, Frédéric Marin, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Chi Yung Ng, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Carmelo Sgrò, Paolo Soffitta, Douglas A. Swartz, Toru Tamagawa, Fei Xie, Iván Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno

Faculty Publications

Synchrotron X-ray emission has been detected from nearly a dozen young supernova remnants (SNRs). X-rays of synchrotron origin exhibit linear polarization in a regular, non-randomly oriented magnetic field. The significant polarized X-ray emission from four such SNRs has already been reported on the basis of observations with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). The magnetic-field structure as derived from IXPE observations is radial for Cassiopeia A, Tycho's SNR, and SN 1006, and tangential for RX J1713.7-3946. The latter together with the recent detection of a tangential magnetic field in SNR 1E 0102.2-7219 by the Australia Telescope Compact Array in the …

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-Decay Half-Life Predictions With Support Vector Machine, Amir Jalili, Feng Pan, Jerry P. Draayer, Ai Xi Chen, Zhongzhou Ren Dec 2024

-Decay Half-Life Predictions With Support Vector Machine, Amir Jalili, Feng Pan, Jerry P. Draayer, Ai Xi Chen, Zhongzhou Ren

Faculty Publications

In this study, we investigate the application of support vector machines utilizing a radial basis function kernel for predicting nuclear -decay half-lives. Our approach integrates a comprehensive set of physics-derived features, including characteristics derived from nuclear structure, to systematically evaluate their impact on predictive accuracy. In addition to traditional parameters such as proton and neutron numbers, as well as terms based on the liquid drop model (e.g., volume, surface, Coulomb features), we incorporate decay energies and orbital angular momentum quantum numbers for both parent and daughter nuclei. Our analysis of 2232 nuclear data points demonstrates that the use of the …

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Uncertainty Quantification Of Collective Nuclear Observables From The Chiral Potential Parametrization, Kevin S. Becker, Kristina D. Launey, Andreas Ekström, Tomáš Dytrych, Daniel Langr, Grigor H. Sargsyan, Jerry P. Draayer Dec 2024

Uncertainty Quantification Of Collective Nuclear Observables From The Chiral Potential Parametrization, Kevin S. Becker, Kristina D. Launey, Andreas Ekström, Tomáš Dytrych, Daniel Langr, Grigor H. Sargsyan, Jerry P. Draayer

Faculty Publications

We perform an uncertainty estimate of quadrupole moments and B(E2) transition rates that inform nuclear collectivity. In particular, we study the low-lying states of 6Li and 12C using the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core-shell model. For a narrow standard deviation of approximately 1% on the low-energy constants which parametrize high-precision chiral potentials, we find output standard deviations in the collective observables ranging from approximately 3%-6%. The results mark the first step towards a rigorous uncertainty quantification of collectivity in nuclei that aims to account for all sources of uncertainty in ab initio descriptions of challenging collective and clustering observables.

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Epitaxial Films And Devices Of Transparent Conducting Oxides: La:Basno3, Prosper Ngabonziza, Arnaud P. Nono Tchiomo Dec 2024

Epitaxial Films And Devices Of Transparent Conducting Oxides: La:Basno3, Prosper Ngabonziza, Arnaud P. Nono Tchiomo

Faculty Publications

This paper reviews recent developments in materials science and device physics of high-quality epitaxial films of the transparent perovskite La-doped barium stannate, La:BaSnO3. It presents current efforts in the synthesis science of epitaxial La:BaSnO3 films for achieving reduced defect densities and high electron mobility at room temperature. We discuss the scattering mechanisms and the route toward engineering defect-free epitaxial La:BaSnO3 heterostructures. By combining chemical surface characterization and electronic transport studies, special emphasis is laid on the proper correlation between the transport properties and the electronic band structure of La:BaSnO3 films and heterostructures. For application purposes, interesting optical properties of La:BaSnO3 …

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Systematic Improvements In Transmon Qubit Coherence Enabled By Niobium Surface Encapsulation, Mustafa Bal, Akshay A. Murthy, Shaojiang Zhu, Francesco Crisa, Xinyuan You, Ziwen Huang, Tanay Roy, Jaeyel Lee, David Van Zanten, Roman Pilipenko, Ivan Nekrashevich, Andrei Lunin, Daniel Bafia, Yulia Krasnikova, Cameron J. Kopas, Ella O. Lachman, Duncan Miller, Josh Y. Mutus, Matthew J. Reagor, Hilal Cansizoglu, Jayss Marshall, David P. Pappas, Kim Vu, Kameshwar Yadavalli, Jin Su Oh, Lin Zhou, Matthew J. Kramer, Florent Lecocq, Dominic P. Goronzy, Carlos G. Torres-Castanedo, P. Graham Pritchard, Vinayak P. Dravid, James M. Rondinelli Dec 2024

Systematic Improvements In Transmon Qubit Coherence Enabled By Niobium Surface Encapsulation, Mustafa Bal, Akshay A. Murthy, Shaojiang Zhu, Francesco Crisa, Xinyuan You, Ziwen Huang, Tanay Roy, Jaeyel Lee, David Van Zanten, Roman Pilipenko, Ivan Nekrashevich, Andrei Lunin, Daniel Bafia, Yulia Krasnikova, Cameron J. Kopas, Ella O. Lachman, Duncan Miller, Josh Y. Mutus, Matthew J. Reagor, Hilal Cansizoglu, Jayss Marshall, David P. Pappas, Kim Vu, Kameshwar Yadavalli, Jin Su Oh, Lin Zhou, Matthew J. Kramer, Florent Lecocq, Dominic P. Goronzy, Carlos G. Torres-Castanedo, P. Graham Pritchard, Vinayak P. Dravid, James M. Rondinelli

Faculty Publications

We present a transmon qubit fabrication technique that yields systematic improvements in T1 relaxation times. We encapsulate the surface of niobium and prevent the formation of its lossy surface oxide. By maintaining the same superconducting metal and only varying the surface, this comparative investigation examining different capping materials, such as tantalum, aluminum, titanium nitride, and gold, as well as substrates across different qubit foundries demonstrates the detrimental impact that niobium oxides have on coherence times of superconducting qubits, compared to native oxides of tantalum, aluminum or titanium nitride. Our surface-encapsulated niobium qubit devices exhibit T1 relaxation times 2–5 times longer …

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Metabarcoding The Arctic Ocean Helps Reveal Its Hidden Microbial Community Composition, Rafet Çağrı Öztürk, Yahya Terzi, Sheila Rodríguez-Machado, Ersan Başar, Ali Muzaffer Feyzioğlu, Dilek Ustaoğlu, Ertuğrul Ağırbaş, Prosanta Chakrabarty Dec 2024

Metabarcoding The Arctic Ocean Helps Reveal Its Hidden Microbial Community Composition, Rafet Çağrı Öztürk, Yahya Terzi, Sheila Rodríguez-Machado, Ersan Başar, Ali Muzaffer Feyzioğlu, Dilek Ustaoğlu, Ertuğrul Ağırbaş, Prosanta Chakrabarty

Faculty Publications

The Arctic Ocean supports a unique and dynamic microbial community, yet its composition, structure, and response to environmental shifts remain incompletely understood. In this study, 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding (targeting the V3-V4 and V4-V5 hypervariable regions) was used to assess surface water microbial diversity across 20 stations in the Barents Sea, focusing on latitudinal variations within two contrasting current systems: the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) and the East Spitsbergen Current (ESC). Our results showed that the microbial community is dominated by three primary families—Pseudoalteromonadaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae (14.20%). Comparative analysis of the V3-V4 and V4-V5 regions reveals that each region …

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Identification And Expression Analysis Of Phosphate Transporter 1 (Pht1) Genes In The Highly Phosphorus-Use-Efficient Hakea Prostrata (Proteaceae), Benjamin J. Nestor, Toby Bird, Anita A. Severn-Ellis, Philipp E. Bayer, Kosala Ranathunge, M. Asaduzzaman Prodhan, Maheshi Dassanayake, Jacqueline Batley, David Edwards, Hans Lambers, Patrick M. Finnegan Dec 2024

Identification And Expression Analysis Of Phosphate Transporter 1 (Pht1) Genes In The Highly Phosphorus-Use-Efficient Hakea Prostrata (Proteaceae), Benjamin J. Nestor, Toby Bird, Anita A. Severn-Ellis, Philipp E. Bayer, Kosala Ranathunge, M. Asaduzzaman Prodhan, Maheshi Dassanayake, Jacqueline Batley, David Edwards, Hans Lambers, Patrick M. Finnegan

Faculty Publications

Heavy and costly use of phosphorus (P) fertiliser is often needed to achieve high crop yields, but only a small amount of applied P fertiliser is available to most crop plants. Hakea prostrata (Proteaceae) is endemic to the P-impoverished landscape of southwest Australia and has several P-saving traits. We identified 16 members of the Phosphate Transporter 1 (PHT1) gene family (HpPHT1;1-HpPHT1;12d) in a long-read genome assembly of H. prostrata. Based on phylogenetics, sequence structure and expression patterns, we classified HpPHT1;1 as potentially involved in Pi uptake from soil and HpPHT1;8 and HpPHT1;9 as potentially involved in Pi uptake and root-to-shoot …

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Global Well-Posedness For Supercritical Sqg With Perturbations Of Radially Symmetric Data, Aynur Bulut, Hongjie Dong Dec 2024

Global Well-Posedness For Supercritical Sqg With Perturbations Of Radially Symmetric Data, Aynur Bulut, Hongjie Dong

Faculty Publications

We study the global well-posedness of the supercritical dissipative surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation, a key model in geophysical fluid dynamics. While local well-posedness is known, achieving global well-posedness for large initial data remains open. Motivated by enhanced decay in radial solutions, we aim to establish global well-posedness for small perturbations of potentially large radial data. Our main result shows that for small perturbations of radial data, the SQG equation admits a unique global solution.

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Cop5/Hkr1 Changes Ciliary Beat Pattern And Biases Cell Steering During Chemotaxis In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Alexis Strain, Nathan Kratzberg, Dan Vu, Emmaline Miller, Ken Ichi Wakabayashi, Adam Melvin, Naohiro Kato Dec 2024

Cop5/Hkr1 Changes Ciliary Beat Pattern And Biases Cell Steering During Chemotaxis In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Alexis Strain, Nathan Kratzberg, Dan Vu, Emmaline Miller, Ken Ichi Wakabayashi, Adam Melvin, Naohiro Kato

Faculty Publications

This study investigates the control of ciliary beat patterns during ammonium chemotaxis in the model ciliate microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Screening the chemotaxis response of mutant strains with ciliary defects revealed that a strain lacking CAV2, the alpha subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel, is deficient in ammonium chemotaxis. CAV2 regulates the switching of the ciliary beat pattern from the asymmetric to the symmetric waveform. Strains lacking COP5/HKR1 (chlamyopsin 5/histidine kinase rhodopsin 1) are also deficient in ammonium chemotaxis. Conversely, strains defective in phototaxis perform ammonium chemotaxis normally. Cell motility analysis revealed wild-type cells reduce the incidences of switching the ciliary …

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Creating A Bio-Based Circular Economy From Louisiana Sugarcane Byproducts, G. Aita, D. Bhatnagar, G. O. Bruni, M. Deliberto, G. Eggleston, A. Finger, K. Gravois, M. Isied, W. Judice, K. T. Klasson, I. M. Lima, J. L. Purswell, M. Souliman, E. Terrell, B. S. Tubaña, H. L. Waguespack, J. J. Wang, P. M. White Dec 2024

Creating A Bio-Based Circular Economy From Louisiana Sugarcane Byproducts, G. Aita, D. Bhatnagar, G. O. Bruni, M. Deliberto, G. Eggleston, A. Finger, K. Gravois, M. Isied, W. Judice, K. T. Klasson, I. M. Lima, J. L. Purswell, M. Souliman, E. Terrell, B. S. Tubaña, H. L. Waguespack, J. J. Wang, P. M. White

Faculty Publications

Abstract: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is Louisiana's number one row crop. Growing and processing sugarcane produces significant amounts of byproducts, including bagasse, crop residue, molasses, filter-press mud, and boiler fly ash. These products represent an important opportunity to generate value-added and specialty products and enhance sugarcane's sustainability by facilitating a circular economy, where agricultural by-products are reused instead of disposing them (linear economy), in order to reduce resource use and energy demand. Examples of value-added products range from biochar, construction materials, animal feed, biofuels, nanoparticles, and fertilizer. Paramount to the success of the bio-based circular economy is creating useful products that …

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Biochar Impacts On Soil Water Dynamics: Knowns, Unknowns, And Research Directions, Bharat Sharma Acharya, Syam Dodla, Jim J. Wang, Kiran Pavuluri, Murali Darapuneni, Sanku Dattamudi, Bijesh Maharjan, Gehendra Kharel Dec 2024

Biochar Impacts On Soil Water Dynamics: Knowns, Unknowns, And Research Directions, Bharat Sharma Acharya, Syam Dodla, Jim J. Wang, Kiran Pavuluri, Murali Darapuneni, Sanku Dattamudi, Bijesh Maharjan, Gehendra Kharel

Faculty Publications

Amidst intensifying global agricultural water demand, optimizing management practices and understanding the role of soil amendments, particularly biochar (BC), in modulating soil water dynamics are critical. Here, we review the potential impacts of BC on soil water dynamics, elucidate mechanistic underpinnings, and identify critical research gaps and prospective avenues. In general, BC modifies soil structure, hydraulic properties, surface albedo, and heat fluxes, which influence soil water storage, energy balance, and irrigation paradigms. Depending on soil texture and BC properties, BC demonstrates a greater reduction in bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity in coarse-textured soils compared to fine-textured soils. BC application …

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Improving Winter Survival Of Interspecific Hybrid Bermudagrass In The Mid-Atlantic Region Through Cultural Practices, Joseph R. Doherty, Wendell J. Hutchens, Jordan C. Booth, David S. Mccall, Michael V. Battaglia, Eric J. Deboer, Joseph A. Roberts Dec 2024

Improving Winter Survival Of Interspecific Hybrid Bermudagrass In The Mid-Atlantic Region Through Cultural Practices, Joseph R. Doherty, Wendell J. Hutchens, Jordan C. Booth, David S. Mccall, Michael V. Battaglia, Eric J. Deboer, Joseph A. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Winter injury can cause significant loss of hybrid bermudagrasses [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] in the transition zone. Current research has focused on high-value, low-acreage areas like putting greens, but those practices are impractical to implement on golf course fairways. To that end, multi-year research projects were conducted at three sites across Maryland and Virginia to investigate the influence of annual N fertility [2.0 lb N 1000 ft−2 (early summer application) or 4.0 lb N 1000 ft−2 (split applied early and late summer)] across multiple fall mowing heights (0.5 inches, 0.8 inches, or 1 inch) and to …

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Management Strategies For Preventing And Recovering From Bermudagrass Winterkill, W. J. Hutchens, T. Q. Carr, A. J. Patton, C. A. Bigelow, E. J. Deboer, J. M. Goatley, D. L. Martin, D. S. Mccall, G. L. Miller, J. S. Powlen, M. D. Richardson, M. Xiang Dec 2024

Management Strategies For Preventing And Recovering From Bermudagrass Winterkill, W. J. Hutchens, T. Q. Carr, A. J. Patton, C. A. Bigelow, E. J. Deboer, J. M. Goatley, D. L. Martin, D. S. Mccall, G. L. Miller, J. S. Powlen, M. D. Richardson, M. Xiang

Faculty Publications

Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp. Rich) is a warm-season grass that is widely planted throughout tropical, sub-tropical, and even temperate climates, and it generally requires fewer inputs than most cool-season turfgrasses. In recent years, the area of adaptation for bermudagrass has progressively expanded to cooler climates due to the development of more cold-tolerant cultivars. The expanded area of adaptation as well as the reduced inputs required to maintain healthy turfgrass have made bermudagrass a popular choice in areas of marginal adaptation. In these areas, the greatest threat to bermudagrass health and survivability is winterkill. This management guide seeks to describe winterkill: what …

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Rotaxanes With A Photoresponsive Macrocycle Modulate The Lipid Bilayers Of Large And Giant Unilamellar Vesicles, Udyogi N.K. Conthagamage, Rajitha Rajeshwar T, Stijn Van Der Ham, Nasim Akhtar, Macallister L. Davis, Senuri G. Jayawardana, Lilia Lopez, Hanumantha Rao Vutukuri, Jeremy C. Smith, Micholas Dean Smith, Víctor García-López Dec 2024

Rotaxanes With A Photoresponsive Macrocycle Modulate The Lipid Bilayers Of Large And Giant Unilamellar Vesicles, Udyogi N.K. Conthagamage, Rajitha Rajeshwar T, Stijn Van Der Ham, Nasim Akhtar, Macallister L. Davis, Senuri G. Jayawardana, Lilia Lopez, Hanumantha Rao Vutukuri, Jeremy C. Smith, Micholas Dean Smith, Víctor García-López

Faculty Publications

Rotaxanes equipped with actuators hold great potential for developing highly functional molecular machines. Such systems could significantly enhance our ability to study and manipulate biological and artificial membranes. Here, we introduce a rotaxane with a ring featuring two azobenzene photoswitches, which retain their photoreversibility and can be stochastically shuttled along the axle in solution. Studies in model bilayers, supported by molecular dynamics simulations, show how azobenzene photoswitching alters the interaction of rotaxanes with surrounding lipids, leading to changes in lipid packing. Such changes in the lipid bilayer were leveraged to induce the light-triggered release of sulforhodamine B from large unilamellar …

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The Crystal Structure Of Acinetobacter Baumannii Bacterioferritin Reveals A Heteropolymer Of Bacterioferritin And Ferritin Subunits, Huili Yao, Suliat Alli, Lijun Liu, Anabel Soldano, Anne Cooper, Leo Fontenot, Dristen Verdin, Kevin P. Battaile, Scott Lovell, Mario Rivera Dec 2024

The Crystal Structure Of Acinetobacter Baumannii Bacterioferritin Reveals A Heteropolymer Of Bacterioferritin And Ferritin Subunits, Huili Yao, Suliat Alli, Lijun Liu, Anabel Soldano, Anne Cooper, Leo Fontenot, Dristen Verdin, Kevin P. Battaile, Scott Lovell, Mario Rivera

Faculty Publications

Iron storage proteins, e.g., vertebrate ferritin, and the ferritin-like bacterioferritin (Bfr) and bacterial ferritin (Ftn), are spherical, hollow proteins that catalyze the oxidation of Fe2+ at binuclear iron ferroxidase centers (FOC) and store the Fe3+ in their interior, thus protecting cells from unwanted Fe3+/Fe2+ redox cycling and storing iron at concentrations far above the solubility of Fe3+. Vertebrate ferritins are heteropolymers of H and L subunits with only the H subunits having FOC. Bfr and Ftn were thought to coexist in bacteria as homopolymers, but recent evidence indicates these molecules are heteropolymers assembled …

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Substituent Effects On The Photophysical Properties Of A Series Of 8(Meso)-Pyridyl-Bodipys: A Computational Analysis Of The Experimental Data †, Petia Bobadova-Parvanova, Dylan Goliber, Elijuah Hernandez, Daniel Lamaster, Maria Da Graça H. Vicente Dec 2024

Substituent Effects On The Photophysical Properties Of A Series Of 8(Meso)-Pyridyl-Bodipys: A Computational Analysis Of The Experimental Data †, Petia Bobadova-Parvanova, Dylan Goliber, Elijuah Hernandez, Daniel Lamaster, Maria Da Graça H. Vicente

Faculty Publications

Recently, a series of 8(meso)-pyridyl-BODIPYs (2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, and 4-pyridyl) and their 2,6-substituted derivatives were synthesized and their structure and photophysical properties were studied both experimentally and computationally. One of the main observed trends was that the 2-pyridyl-BODIPYs were consistently less fluorescent than their 3-pyridyl and 4-pyridyl analogs, regardless of the 2,6-substituents. Herein, we extend our previous computational studies and model not only the ground but also the excited states of the entire series of previously synthesized meso-pyridyl-BODIPYs with the aim of explaining the observed differences in the emission quantum yields. To better understand the trends and the effect of 2- …

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Lineage Diversity In A Melanesian Lizard Radiation (Gekkonidae: Nactus) Further Highlights Exceptional Diversity And Endemism In Eastern Papua New Guinea, Paul M. Oliver, Fred Kraus, Christopher C. Austin, Leonardo G. Tedeschi, Aurora R. O’Brien, Simon T. Maddock Dec 2024

Lineage Diversity In A Melanesian Lizard Radiation (Gekkonidae: Nactus) Further Highlights Exceptional Diversity And Endemism In Eastern Papua New Guinea, Paul M. Oliver, Fred Kraus, Christopher C. Austin, Leonardo G. Tedeschi, Aurora R. O’Brien, Simon T. Maddock

Faculty Publications

New Guinea and surrounding islands are home to some of the richest assemblages of insular biodiversity in the world. The key geological drivers of species richness in this region are largely considered to be mountain uplift and development of offshore archipelagos—some of which have accreted onto New Guinea—with the role of mountain uplift and elevational gradients receiving more attention than the role of isolation on islands. Here, we examine the distribution of lineage richness and body-size diversity in a radiation of Melanesian lizards that is almost entirely absent from montane habitats but closely associated with islands—the geckos of the genus …

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Cgbi_Yolo: Lightweight Land Target Detection Network, Ruiyang Wang, Siyu Lu, Jiawei Tian, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Xiaobing Chen, Wenfeng Zheng Dec 2024

Cgbi_Yolo: Lightweight Land Target Detection Network, Ruiyang Wang, Siyu Lu, Jiawei Tian, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Xiaobing Chen, Wenfeng Zheng

Faculty Publications

Object detection algorithms for optical remote sensing images often face challenges in computational efficiency, particularly when detecting small and densely packed targets. This paper introduces CGBi_YOLO, a novel lightweight land target detection network designed to optimize computational resource utilization while maintaining detection capabilities for small-scale targets. Our approach incorporates an innovative lightweight optimization strategy featuring a new lightweight backbone feature extraction network: CSPGhostNet. This model significantly enhances the detection ability of small objects within optical remote sensing images without increasing computational demands. The efficacy of the proposed model is validated through rigorous experimentation on the DOTA dataset. Compared to the …

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Research Overview On Urban Heat Islands Driven By Computational Intelligence, Chao Liu, Siyu Lu, Jiawei Tian, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Wenfeng Zheng Dec 2024

Research Overview On Urban Heat Islands Driven By Computational Intelligence, Chao Liu, Siyu Lu, Jiawei Tian, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Wenfeng Zheng

Faculty Publications

In recent years, the intensification of the urban heat island (UHI) effect has become a significant concern as urbanization accelerates. This survey comprehensively explores the current status of surface UHI research, emphasizing the role of land use and land cover changes (LULC) in urban environments. We conducted a systematic review of 8260 journal articles from the Web of Science database, employing bibliometric analysis and keyword co-occurrence analysis using CiteSpace to identify research hotspots and trends. Our investigation reveals that vegetation cover and land use types are the two most critical factors influencing UHI intensity. We analyze various computational intelligence techniques, …

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Current Situation And Prospect Of Geospatial Ai In Air Pollution Prediction, Chunlai Wu, Siyu Lu, Jiawei Tian, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Wenfeng Zheng Dec 2024

Current Situation And Prospect Of Geospatial Ai In Air Pollution Prediction, Chunlai Wu, Siyu Lu, Jiawei Tian, Lirong Yin, Lei Wang, Wenfeng Zheng

Faculty Publications

Faced with increasingly serious environmental problems, scientists have conducted extensive research, among which the importance of air quality prediction is becoming increasingly prominent. This article briefly reviews the utilization of geographic artificial intelligence (AI) in air pollution. Firstly, this paper conducts a literature metrology analysis on the research of geographical AI used in air pollution. That is, 607 documents are retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) using appropriate keywords, and literature metrology analysis is conducted using Citespace to summarize research hotspots and frontier countries in this field. Among them, China plays a constructive role in the fields of geographic …

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An Empirical Study Of The Well-Being Of Older Individuals In China, Japan, And Korea, Selahattin İmrohoroğlu, Zhixiu Yu Dec 2024

An Empirical Study Of The Well-Being Of Older Individuals In China, Japan, And Korea, Selahattin İmrohoroğlu, Zhixiu Yu

Faculty Publications

In this paper we present new empirical findings on the determinants of well-being of 54–75 year old individuals in China, Japan, and Korea. Using the harmonized Health and Retirement Surveys (HRS) that are designed to be similar to the Rand HRS, namely CHARLS in China, JSTAR in Japan and KLoSA in Korea, we run country- and gender-specific panel regressions using all available waves measures of subjective well-being (SWB) are associated with various economic, social, and demographic characteristics. Consistent with previous findings that highlight the role of education, health, employment status and social interactions in single wave studies, we find that …

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Unfit Or Disliked: How Descriptive And Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes Lead To Discrimination Against Women, Francesca Manzi, Suzette Caleo, Madeline E. Heilman Dec 2024

Unfit Or Disliked: How Descriptive And Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes Lead To Discrimination Against Women, Francesca Manzi, Suzette Caleo, Madeline E. Heilman

Faculty Publications

Decades of research attest to the role of gender stereotypes in the emergence of gender-based discrimination. Placing a focus on recent studies, we provide evidence that gender stereotypes continue to negatively affect women's career outcomes in jobs and fields that are seen as male in gender-type. We identify two pathways through which gender stereotypes bring about discrimination: Whereas descriptive gender stereotypes lead to gender discrimination through negative performance expectations produced by lack-of-fit perceptions, prescriptive gender stereotypes lead to gender discrimination through social penalties elicited by perceived stereotype violation. We end by discussing how characteristics of women and those evaluating them …

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Gleaning Rural Journalism: Rural Journalists' Agricultural And Environmental Reporting Utilizing Community Storytelling Networks☆, Jessica Walsh, Mildred F. Perreault, Greg Perreault, Ruth Moon Dec 2024

Gleaning Rural Journalism: Rural Journalists' Agricultural And Environmental Reporting Utilizing Community Storytelling Networks☆, Jessica Walsh, Mildred F. Perreault, Greg Perreault, Ruth Moon

Faculty Publications

Environmental concerns are growing in parts of the rural United States as drinking water wells become contaminated with agrichemicals, and climate change impacts such as drought and extreme rain events disrupt farming practices. Analyzing in-depth interviews with 29 U.S. rural journalists, we explore the role rural journalists play when reporting on the environment as it relates to agricultural issues. Findings show that reporting about the environment—such as weather, climate change, water shortages, and droughts—appear in rural journalists' stories given those topics' relevance to their rural communities and the social systems forces exerting influence on journalists, yet rural journalists often do …

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International Pcos Guideline Clinical Research Priorities Roadmap: A Co-Designed Approach Aligned With End-User Priorities In A Neglected Women's Health Condition, H. J. Teede, M. Gibson, J. Laven, A. Dokras, L. J. Moran, T. Piltonin, M. Costello, A. Mousa, A. E. Joham, C. T. Tay, Wiebke Arlt, Ricardo Azziz, Adam Balen, Lisa Bedson, Lorna Berry, Jacky Boivin, Jacqueline Boyle, Leah Brennan, Wendy Brown, Tania Burgert, Maureen Busby, Carolyn Ee, Rhonda M. Garad, Cheryce Harrison, Roger Hart, Marie Misso, Rachel Morman, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Tuong Ho, Kathleen Hoeger, Sonia Jitpiriyaroj, Cailin Jordan, Richard S. Legro, Rong Li Dec 2024

International Pcos Guideline Clinical Research Priorities Roadmap: A Co-Designed Approach Aligned With End-User Priorities In A Neglected Women's Health Condition, H. J. Teede, M. Gibson, J. Laven, A. Dokras, L. J. Moran, T. Piltonin, M. Costello, A. Mousa, A. E. Joham, C. T. Tay, Wiebke Arlt, Ricardo Azziz, Adam Balen, Lisa Bedson, Lorna Berry, Jacky Boivin, Jacqueline Boyle, Leah Brennan, Wendy Brown, Tania Burgert, Maureen Busby, Carolyn Ee, Rhonda M. Garad, Cheryce Harrison, Roger Hart, Marie Misso, Rachel Morman, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Tuong Ho, Kathleen Hoeger, Sonia Jitpiriyaroj, Cailin Jordan, Richard S. Legro, Rong Li

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy with significant reproductive, metabolic, and psychological complications. Consensus on PCOS clinical research priorities across end-users is fundamental and necessitates a robust co-development of a clinical research roadmap to guide international research efforts. Methods: A multistage process included: i) international surveys of women and healthcare providers to identify research priorities and unmet needs; ii) interrogation of systematic reviews conducted for the International PCOS Guideline to identify research gaps; iii) International PCOS Guideline Network consensus generated clinical research roadmap; and iv) international peer review for external validation. Findings: A codesigned survey engaging 1278 …

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