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Ultraconserved Elements Anchor Thousands Of Genetic Markers Spanning Multiple Evolutionary Timescales, Brant C. Faircloth, John E. Mccormack, Nicholas G. Crawford, Michael G. Harvey, Robb T. Brumfield, Travis C. Glenn Oct 2012

Ultraconserved Elements Anchor Thousands Of Genetic Markers Spanning Multiple Evolutionary Timescales, Brant C. Faircloth, John E. Mccormack, Nicholas G. Crawford, Michael G. Harvey, Robb T. Brumfield, Travis C. Glenn

Faculty Publications

Although massively parallel sequencing has facilitated large-scale DNA sequencing, comparisons among distantly related species rely upon small portions of the genome that are easily aligned. Methods are needed to efficiently obtain comparable DNA fragments prior to massively parallel sequencing, particularly for biologists working with non-model organisms. We introduce a new class of molecular marker, anchored by ultraconserved genomic elements (UCEs), that universally enable target enrichment and sequencing of thousands of orthologous loci across species separated by hundreds of millions of years of evolution. Our analyses here focus on use of UCE markers in Amniota because UCEs and phylogenetic relationships are …

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Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2012 Oct 2012

Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2012

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Increasing Access For Economically Disadvantaged Students: The Nsf/Csem & S-Stem Programs At Louisiana State University, Zakiya S. Wilson, Sitharama S. Iyengar, Su Seng Pang, Isiah M. Warner, Candace A. Luces Oct 2012

Increasing Access For Economically Disadvantaged Students: The Nsf/Csem & S-Stem Programs At Louisiana State University, Zakiya S. Wilson, Sitharama S. Iyengar, Su Seng Pang, Isiah M. Warner, Candace A. Luces

Faculty Publications

Increasing college degree attainment for students from disadvantaged backgrounds is a prominent component of numerous state and federal legislation focused on higher education. In 1999, the National Science Foundation (NSF) instituted the "Computer Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Scholarships" (CSEMS) program; this initiative was designed to provide greater access and support to academically talented students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. Originally intended to provide financial support to lower income students, this NSF program also advocated that additional professional development and advising would be strategies to increase undergraduate persistence to graduation. This innovative program for economically disadvantaged students was extended in 2004 to …

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Polar Opposites: Fine-Tuning Cytokinesis Through Sin Asymmetry, Alyssa E. Johnson, Dannel Mccollum, Kathleen L. Gould Oct 2012

Polar Opposites: Fine-Tuning Cytokinesis Through Sin Asymmetry, Alyssa E. Johnson, Dannel Mccollum, Kathleen L. Gould

Faculty Publications

Mitotic exit and cell division must be spatially and temporally integrated to facilitate equal division of genetic material between daughter cells. In the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a spindle pole body (SPB) localized signaling cascade termed the septation initiation network (SIN) couples mitotic exit with cytokinesis. The SIN is controlled at many levels to ensure that cytokinesis is executed once per cell cycle and only after cells segregate their DNA. An interesting facet of the SIN is that its activity is asymmetric on the two SPBs during anaphase; however, how and why the SIN is asymmetric has remained elusive. Many …

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Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Injury To Corn Greater Than To Sorghum And Sugarcane Under Field Conditions, Allan T. Showler, Blake E. Wilson, Thomas E. Reagan Oct 2012

Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Injury To Corn Greater Than To Sorghum And Sugarcane Under Field Conditions, Allan T. Showler, Blake E. Wilson, Thomas E. Reagan

Faculty Publications

The Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loflini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is the key pest of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in Texas; it can attack several grassy crop and noncrop host plants and has spread into Louisiana. Through small-plot, commercial field, and pheromone trap experiments, this study demonstrates that the pest uses corn, Zea mays L., more than sugarcane and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, but when corn is harvested in late summer, injury to nearby sugarcane strongly increases during the next ≈2 mo to harvest. Corn was more infested than sugarcane and sorghum in commercial fields regardless of whether sampling occurred on …

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Evaluation Of Corn Hybrids Expressing Cry1f, Cry1a.105, Cry2ab2, Cry34ab1/Cry35ab1, And Cry3bb1 Against Southern United States Insect Pests, M. W. Siebert, S. P. Nolting, W. Hendrix, S. Dhavala, C. Craig, B. R. Leonard, S. D. Stewart, J. All, F. R. Musser, G. D. Buntin, L. Samuel Oct 2012

Evaluation Of Corn Hybrids Expressing Cry1f, Cry1a.105, Cry2ab2, Cry34ab1/Cry35ab1, And Cry3bb1 Against Southern United States Insect Pests, M. W. Siebert, S. P. Nolting, W. Hendrix, S. Dhavala, C. Craig, B. R. Leonard, S. D. Stewart, J. All, F. R. Musser, G. D. Buntin, L. Samuel

Faculty Publications

Studies were conducted across the southern United States to characterize the efficacy of multiple Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) events in a field corn, Zea mays L., hybrid for control of common lepidopteran and coleopteran pests. Cry1F protein in event TC1507 and Cry1A.105 + Cry2Ab2 proteins in event MON 89034 were evaluated against pests infesting corn on above-ground plant tissue including foliage, stalks, and ears. Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 proteins in event DAS-59122-7 and Cry3Bb1 in event MON 88017 were evaluated against the larvae of Mexican corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera zeae Krysan and Smith, which occur below-ground. Field corn hybrids containing Cry1F, Cry1A.105 + Cry2Ab2, …

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Evaluation Of Three Bait Materials And Their Food Transfer Efficiency In Formosan Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Cai Wang, Gregg Henderson Oct 2012

Evaluation Of Three Bait Materials And Their Food Transfer Efficiency In Formosan Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Cai Wang, Gregg Henderson

Faculty Publications

The consumption and food transfer efficiency of two commercially used termite bait materials, southern yellow pine wood and cardboard, and one potential bait material, maize (Zeamays L.) cob, were evaluated for use against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), in the laboratory. In the no-choice test, the consumption of wood and cob was similar and significantly more than cardboard. Tunneling under the food sources was similar. In the two-choice test, the consumption was cob > wood, wood > cardboard, cob = cardboard, and tunneling under these choices was cob = wood, wood = cardboard, cob > cardboard. In the three-choice …

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Lifetime Of Combustion-Generated Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals On Zn(Ii)O And Other Transition Metal Oxides, Eric Vejerano, Slawo Lomnicki, Barry Dellinger Oct 2012

Lifetime Of Combustion-Generated Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals On Zn(Ii)O And Other Transition Metal Oxides, Eric Vejerano, Slawo Lomnicki, Barry Dellinger

Faculty Publications

Previous studies indicated that Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals (EPFRs) are formed in the post-flame, cool zone of combustion. They result from the chemisorption of gas-phase products of incomplete combustion (particularly hydroxyl- and chlorine-substituted aromatics) on Cu(ii)O, Fe(iii) 2O3, and Ni(ii)O domains of particulate matter (fly ash or soot particles). This study reports our detailed laboratory investigation on the lifetime of EPFRs on Zn(ii)O/silica surface. Similarly, as in the case of other transition metals, chemisorption of the adsorbate on the Zn(ii)O surface and subsequent transfer of electron from the adsorbate to the metal forms a surface-bound EPFR and a reduced metal …

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Effect Of Prebiotics On Lactobacillus Acidophilus Growth And Resulting Ph Changes In Skim Milk And A Model Peptone System, D. W. Olson, K. J. Aryana Oct 2012

Effect Of Prebiotics On Lactobacillus Acidophilus Growth And Resulting Ph Changes In Skim Milk And A Model Peptone System, D. W. Olson, K. J. Aryana

Faculty Publications

The effect of Raftiline® GR, Raftiline® HP-Gel, and Raftilose® P95 prebiotics on growth curves of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-K and resulting pH changes in skim milk and a model system consisting of 0.1% peptone was investigated. Skim milk (100mL) and 0.1% peptone (100mL) each containing either 1% or 3% Raftiline® GR, Raftiline® HP-Gel, or Raftilose® P95 prebiotics were autoclaved, cooled to 37°C, and inoculated with 0.132mL of L. acidophilus LA-K. Both the growth of L. acidophilus and the changes in pH were followed for 16h at 37°C. The growth was determined by measuring the optical density (turbidity) at 600nm. …

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Centromere Remodeling In Hoolock Leuconedys (Hylobatidae) By A New Transposable Element Unique To The Gibbons, Lucia Carbone, R. Alan Harris, Alan R. Mootnick, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, David I.K. Martin, Mariano Rocchi, Oronzo Capozzi, Nicoletta Archidiacono, Miriam K. Konkel, Jerilyn A. Walker, Mark A. Batzer, Pieter J. De Jong Sep 2012

Centromere Remodeling In Hoolock Leuconedys (Hylobatidae) By A New Transposable Element Unique To The Gibbons, Lucia Carbone, R. Alan Harris, Alan R. Mootnick, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, David I.K. Martin, Mariano Rocchi, Oronzo Capozzi, Nicoletta Archidiacono, Miriam K. Konkel, Jerilyn A. Walker, Mark A. Batzer, Pieter J. De Jong

Faculty Publications

Gibbons (Hylobatidae) shared a common ancestor with the other hominoids only 15-18 million years ago. Nevertheless, gibbons show very distinctive features that include heavily rearranged chromosomes. Previous observations indicate that this phenomenon may be linked to the attenuated epigenetic repression of transposable elements (TEs) in gibbon species. Here we describe the massive expansion of a repeat in almost all the centromeres of the eastern hoolock gibbon (Hoolock leuconedys). We discovered that this repeat is a new composite TE originating from the combination of portions of three other elements (L1ME5, AluSz6, and SVA-A) and thus named it LAVA. We determined that …

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Pyrosequencing-Based Analysis Of The Microbiome Associated With The Horn Fly, Haematobia Irritans, Azhahianambi Palavesam, Felix D. Guerrero, Andrew M. Heekin, Ju Wang, Scot E. Dowd, Yan Sun, Lane D. Foil, Adalberto A. Pérez De León Sep 2012

Pyrosequencing-Based Analysis Of The Microbiome Associated With The Horn Fly, Haematobia Irritans, Azhahianambi Palavesam, Felix D. Guerrero, Andrew M. Heekin, Ju Wang, Scot E. Dowd, Yan Sun, Lane D. Foil, Adalberto A. Pérez De León

Faculty Publications

The horn fly, Haematobia irritans, is one of the most economically important pests of cattle. Insecticides have been a major element of horn fly management programs. Growing concerns with insecticide resistance, insecticide residues on farm products, and non-availability of new generation insecticides, are serious issues for the livestock industry. Alternative horn fly control methods offer the promise to decrease the use of insecticides and reduce the amount of insecticide residues on livestock products and give an impetus to the organic livestock farming segment. The horn fly, an obligatory blood feeder, requires the help of microflora to supply additional nutrients and …

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Genome-Wide Selection For Tropical Maize Root Traits Under Conditions Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Stress, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Julio César Dovale, Éder Cristian Malta De Lanes, Marcos Deon Vilela De Resende, Glauco Viera Miranda Sep 2012

Genome-Wide Selection For Tropical Maize Root Traits Under Conditions Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Stress, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Julio César Dovale, Éder Cristian Malta De Lanes, Marcos Deon Vilela De Resende, Glauco Viera Miranda

Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to verify the accuracy of the Genome-Wide Selection (GWS) method in tropical maize breeding for root traits under conditions of nitrogen and phosphorus stress. Forty-one single-crosses were evaluated in two experiments. The first experiment considered low nitrogen availability, and the second experiment considered low phosphorus availability. A randomized block design with two replicates was used. The lateral and axial root lengths were measured using WinRhizo software. The analysis of deviance was calculated using the Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (REML/BLUP) method. Eighty microsatellite markers were used to genotype the estimation population. The Random …

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Effects Of Small-Scale Dead Wood Additions On Beetles In Southeastern U.S. Pine Forests, Kier D. Klepzig, Michael L. Ferro, Michael D. Ulyshen, Matthew L. Gimmel, Jolie B. Mahfouz, Allan E. Tiarks, Chris E. Carlton Sep 2012

Effects Of Small-Scale Dead Wood Additions On Beetles In Southeastern U.S. Pine Forests, Kier D. Klepzig, Michael L. Ferro, Michael D. Ulyshen, Matthew L. Gimmel, Jolie B. Mahfouz, Allan E. Tiarks, Chris E. Carlton

Faculty Publications

Pitfall traps were used to sample beetles (Coleoptera) in plots with or without inputs of dead loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) wood at four locations (Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and Texas) on the coastal plain of the southeastern United States. The plots were established in 1998 and sampling took place in 1998, 1999, and 2002 (only 1998 for North Carolina). Overall, beetles were more species rich, abundant and diverse in dead wood addition plots than in reference plots. While these differences were greatest in 1998 and lessened thereafter, they were not found to be significant in 1998 due largely to …

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Diversities In Virulence, Antifungal Activity, Pigmentation And Dna Fingerprint Among Strains Of Burkholderia Glumae, Hari S. Karki, Bishnu K. Shrestha, Jae Woo Han, Donald E. Groth, Inderjit K. Barphagha, Milton C. Rush, Rebecca A. Melanson, Beom Seok Kim, Jong Hyun Ham Sep 2012

Diversities In Virulence, Antifungal Activity, Pigmentation And Dna Fingerprint Among Strains Of Burkholderia Glumae, Hari S. Karki, Bishnu K. Shrestha, Jae Woo Han, Donald E. Groth, Inderjit K. Barphagha, Milton C. Rush, Rebecca A. Melanson, Beom Seok Kim, Jong Hyun Ham

Faculty Publications

Burkholderia glumae is the primary causal agent of bacterial panicle blight of rice. In this study, 11 naturally avirulent and nine virulent strains of B. glumae native to the southern United States were characterized in terms of virulence in rice and onion, toxofalvin production, antifungal activity, pigmentation and genomic structure. Virulence of B. glumae strains on rice panicles was highly correlated to virulence on onion bulb scales, suggesting that onion bulb can be a convenient alternative host system to efficiently determine the virulence of B. glumae strains. Production of toxoflavin, the phytotoxin that functions as a major virulence factor, was …

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Mechanistic Insights Into Validoxylamine A 7'-Phosphate Synthesis By Vlde Using The Structure Of The Entire Product Complex, Michael C. Cavalier, Young Sun Yim, Shumpei Asamizu, David Neau, Khaled H. Almabruk, Taifo Mahmud, Yong Hwan Lee Sep 2012

Mechanistic Insights Into Validoxylamine A 7'-Phosphate Synthesis By Vlde Using The Structure Of The Entire Product Complex, Michael C. Cavalier, Young Sun Yim, Shumpei Asamizu, David Neau, Khaled H. Almabruk, Taifo Mahmud, Yong Hwan Lee

Faculty Publications

The pseudo-glycosyltransferase VldE catalyzes non-glycosidic C-N coupling between an unsaturated cyclitol and a saturated aminocyclitol with the conservation of the stereochemical configuration of the substrates to form validoxylamine A 7′-phosphate, the biosynthetic precursor of the antibiotic validamycin A. To study the molecular basis of its mechanism, the three-dimensional structures of VldE from Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. limoneus was determined in apo form, in complex with GDP, in complex with GDP and validoxylamine A 7′-phosphate, and in complex with GDP and trehalose. The structure of VldE with the catalytic site in both an "open" and "closed" conformation is also described. With these …

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Role Of Propionates In Substrate Binding To Heme Oxygenase From Neisseria Meningitidis: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study, Dungeng Peng, Li Hua Ma, Kevin M. Smith, Xuhong Zhang, Michihiko Sato, Gerd N. La Mar Sep 2012

Role Of Propionates In Substrate Binding To Heme Oxygenase From Neisseria Meningitidis: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study, Dungeng Peng, Li Hua Ma, Kevin M. Smith, Xuhong Zhang, Michihiko Sato, Gerd N. La Mar

Faculty Publications

Heme oxygenase (HO) cleaves hemin into biliverdin, iron, and CO. For mammalian HOs, both native hemin propionates are required for substrate binding and activity. The HO from the pathogenic bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (NmHO) possesses a crystallographically undetected C-terminal fragment that by solution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is found to fold and interact with the active site. One of the substrate propionates has been proposed to form a salt bridge to the C-terminus rather than to the conventional buried cationic side chain in other HOs. Moreover, the C-terminal dipeptide Arg208His209 cleaves spontaneously over ∼24 h at a rate dependent on …

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Formation And Stabilization Of Combustion-Generated, Environmentally Persistent Radicals On Ni(Ii)O Supported On A Silica Surface, Eric Vejerano, Slawomir M. Lomnicki, Barry Dellinger Sep 2012

Formation And Stabilization Of Combustion-Generated, Environmentally Persistent Radicals On Ni(Ii)O Supported On A Silica Surface, Eric Vejerano, Slawomir M. Lomnicki, Barry Dellinger

Faculty Publications

Previous studies have indicated environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed when hydroxyl- and chlorine-substituted aromatics chemisorbed on Cu(II)O and Fe(III)2O3 surfaces and were stabilized through their interactions with the surface metal cation. The current study reports our laboratory investigation on the formation and stabilization of EPFRs on a Ni(II)O surface. The EPFRs were produced by the chemisorption of adsorbates on the supported metal oxide surface and transfer of an electron from the adsorbate to the metal center, resulting in reduction of the metal cation. Depending on the temperature and the nature of the adsorbate, more than one type of …

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Resource-Based Habitat Associations In A Neotropical Liana Community, James W. Dalling, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Claire Baldeck, Kyle E. Harms, Robert John, Scott A. Mangan, Elena Lobo, Joseph B. Yavitt, Stephen P. Hubbell Sep 2012

Resource-Based Habitat Associations In A Neotropical Liana Community, James W. Dalling, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Claire Baldeck, Kyle E. Harms, Robert John, Scott A. Mangan, Elena Lobo, Joseph B. Yavitt, Stephen P. Hubbell

Faculty Publications

Summary: 1.Lianas are a conspicuous element of many tropical forests, accounting for up to 40% of woody stem density and 20% of species richness in seasonal forests. However, lianas have seldom been surveyed at sufficiently large spatial scales to allow an assessment of the importance of habitat variables in structuring liana communities. 2.We compare the association patterns of 82 liana species and an equivalent sample of tree species on the 50ha Forest Dynamics Project plot on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, with topographic habitat variables (high and low plateau, slope, swamp and streamside), and thirteen mapped soil chemical variables. In addition, …

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Correlated Evolution Of Beak Morphology And Song In The Neotropical Woodcreeper Radiation, Elizabeth Perrault Derryberry, Nathalie Seddon, Santiago Claramunt, Joseph Andrew Tobias, Adam Baker, Alexandre Aleixo, Robb Thomas Brumfield Sep 2012

Correlated Evolution Of Beak Morphology And Song In The Neotropical Woodcreeper Radiation, Elizabeth Perrault Derryberry, Nathalie Seddon, Santiago Claramunt, Joseph Andrew Tobias, Adam Baker, Alexandre Aleixo, Robb Thomas Brumfield

Faculty Publications

Mating signals may diversify as a byproduct of morphological adaptation to different foraging niches, potentially driving speciation. Although many studies have focused on the direct influence of ecological and sexual selection on signal divergence, the role of indirect mechanisms remains poorly understood. Using phenotypic and molecular datasets, we explored the interplay between morphological and vocal evolution in an avian radiation characterized by dramatic beak variation, the Neotropical woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae). We found evidence of a trade-off between the rate of repetition of song syllables and frequency bandwidth: slow paced songs had either narrow or wide frequency bandwidths, and bandwidth decreased as …

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Adipogenesis, Kelesha Sarjeant, Jacqueline M. Stephens Sep 2012

Adipogenesis, Kelesha Sarjeant, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

Adipose tissue is an important site for lipid storage, energy homeostasis, and whole-body insulin sensitivity. It is important to understand the mechanisms involved in adipose tissue development and function, which can be regulated by the endocrine actions of various peptide and steroid hormones. Recent studies have revealed that white and brown adipocytes can be derived from distinct precursor cells. This review will focus on transcriptional control of adipogenesis and its regulation by several endocrine hormones. The general functions and cellular origins of adipose tissue and how the modulation of adipocyte development pertains to metabolic disease states will also be considered. …

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Dnt1 Acts As A Mitotic Inhibitor Of The Spindle Checkpoint Protein Dma1 In Fission Yeast, Yamei Wang, Wen Zhu Li, Alyssa E. Johnson, Zhou Qing Luo, Xue Li Sun, Anna Feoktistova, W. Hayes Mcdonald, Ian Mcleod, John R. Yates, Kathleen L. Gould, Dannel Mccollum, Quan Wen Jin Sep 2012

Dnt1 Acts As A Mitotic Inhibitor Of The Spindle Checkpoint Protein Dma1 In Fission Yeast, Yamei Wang, Wen Zhu Li, Alyssa E. Johnson, Zhou Qing Luo, Xue Li Sun, Anna Feoktistova, W. Hayes Mcdonald, Ian Mcleod, John R. Yates, Kathleen L. Gould, Dannel Mccollum, Quan Wen Jin

Faculty Publications

The Schizosaccharomyces pombe checkpoint protein Dma1 couples mitotic progression with cytokinesis and is important in delaying mitotic exit and cytokinesis when kinetochores are not properly attached to the mitotic spindle. Dma1 is a ubiquitin ligase and potential functional relative of the human tumor suppressor Chfr. Dma1 delays mitotic exit and cytokinesis by ubiquitinating a scaffold protein (Sid4) of the septation initiation network, which, in turn, antagonizes the ability of the Polo-like kinase Plo1 to promote cell division. Here we identify Dnt1 as a Dma1-binding protein. Several lines of evidence indicate that Dnt1 inhibits Dma1 function during metaphase. First, Dnt1 interacts …

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A Conserved Two-Component Regulatory System, Pids/Pidr, Globally Regulates Pigmentation And Virulence-Related Phenotypes Of Burkholderia Glumae, Hari Sharan Karki, Inderjit Kaur Barphagha, Jong Hyun Ham Sep 2012

A Conserved Two-Component Regulatory System, Pids/Pidr, Globally Regulates Pigmentation And Virulence-Related Phenotypes Of Burkholderia Glumae, Hari Sharan Karki, Inderjit Kaur Barphagha, Jong Hyun Ham

Faculty Publications

Burkholderia glumae is a rice pathogenic bacterium that causes bacterial panicle blight. Some strains of this pathogen produce dark brown pigments when grown on casamino-acid peptone glucose (CPG) agar medium. A pigment-positive and highly virulent strain of B.glumae, 411gr-6, was randomly mutagenized with mini-Tn5gus, and the resulting mini-Tn5gus derivatives showing altered pigmentation phenotypes were screened on CPG agar plates to identify the genetic elements governing the pigmentation of B.glumae. In this study, a novel two-component regulatory system (TCRS) composed of the PidS sensor histidine kinase and the PidR response regulator was identified as an essential regulatory factor for pigmentation. Notably, …

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Inferring The Evolutionary History Of Divergence Despite Gene Flow In A Lizard Species, Scincella Lateralis (Scincidae), Composed Of Cryptic Lineages, Nathan D. Jackson, Christopher C. Austin Sep 2012

Inferring The Evolutionary History Of Divergence Despite Gene Flow In A Lizard Species, Scincella Lateralis (Scincidae), Composed Of Cryptic Lineages, Nathan D. Jackson, Christopher C. Austin

Faculty Publications

Although recent radiations are fruitful for studying the process of speciation, they are difficult to characterize and require the use of multiple loci and analytical methods that account for processes such as gene flow and genetic drift. Using multilocus sequence data, we combine hierarchical cluster analysis, coalescent species tree inference, and isolation-with-migration analysis to investigate evolutionary relationships among cryptic lineages of North American ground skinks. We also estimate the extent that gene flow has accompanied or followed diversification, and also attempt to account for and minimize the influence of gene flow when reconstructing relationships. The data best support seven largely …

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Sperm Cryopreservation In Live-Bearing Xiphophorus Fishes: Offspring Production From Xiphophorus Variatus And Strategies For Establishment Of Sperm Repositories, Huiping Yang, Rafael Cuevas-Uribe, Markita G. Savage, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch Sep 2012

Sperm Cryopreservation In Live-Bearing Xiphophorus Fishes: Offspring Production From Xiphophorus Variatus And Strategies For Establishment Of Sperm Repositories, Huiping Yang, Rafael Cuevas-Uribe, Markita G. Savage, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Cryopreservation of sperm from Xiphophorus fishes has produced live young in three species: X. hellerii, X. couchianus, and X. maculatus. In this study, the goal was to establish protocols for sperm cryopreservation and artificial insemination to produce live young in X. variatus, and to identify needs for repository development. The objectives were to: 1) collect basic biological characteristics of males; 2) cryopreserve sperm from X. variatus, 3) harvest live young from cryopreserved sperm, and 4) discuss the requirements for establishment of sperm repositories. The 35 males used in this study had a body weight of 0.298±0.096g (mean±SD), body length of …

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Seeing The Seafloor Discoveries Of The Rvib Nathaniel B. Palmer Multibeam Systems, Frank O. Nitsche, Julia S. Wellner, Philip Bart, Suzanne O'Hara, Kathleen Gavahan Sep 2012

Seeing The Seafloor Discoveries Of The Rvib Nathaniel B. Palmer Multibeam Systems, Frank O. Nitsche, Julia S. Wellner, Philip Bart, Suzanne O'Hara, Kathleen Gavahan

Faculty Publications

The detailed seafloor topography around Antarctica was virtually unknown until RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer and other ships started to collect multibeam swath measurements in the 1990s. These new, high-resolution bathymetric data allowed the creation of topographic maps of the Antarctic continental shelf and rise with unprecedented detail. The multibeam data revealed glacial morphological features that allowed reconstruction of paleo-ice flow and maximum ice extent of the formerly glaciated continental margin. Furthermore, these data provided the basis for new insights into the continent's tectonic evolution and defined the nature of marine biological habitats in polar regions. © 2012 by The Oceanography …

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Current Status Of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Of High Grade Gliomas And Recurrent Head And Neck Cancer, Rolf F. Barth, M. Graca H. Vicente, Otto K. Harling, W. S. Kiger, Kent J. Riley, Peter J. Binns, Franz M. Wagner, Minoru Suzuki, Teruhito Aihara, Itsuro Kato, Shinji Kawabata Aug 2012

Current Status Of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Of High Grade Gliomas And Recurrent Head And Neck Cancer, Rolf F. Barth, M. Graca H. Vicente, Otto K. Harling, W. S. Kiger, Kent J. Riley, Peter J. Binns, Franz M. Wagner, Minoru Suzuki, Teruhito Aihara, Itsuro Kato, Shinji Kawabata

Faculty Publications

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a biochemically targeted radiotherapy based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when non-radioactive boron-10, which is a constituent of natural elemental boron, is irradiated with low energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer alpha particles and recoiling lithium-7 nuclei. Clinical interest in BNCT has focused primarily on the treatment of high grade gliomas, recurrent cancers of the head and neck region and either primary or metastatic melanoma. Neutron sources for BNCT currently have been limited to specially modified nuclear reactors, which are or until the recent Japanese natural disaster, …

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The First Record Of A Trans-Oceanic Sister-Group Relationship Between Obligate Vertebrate Troglobites, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Matthew P. Davis, John S. Sparks Aug 2012

The First Record Of A Trans-Oceanic Sister-Group Relationship Between Obligate Vertebrate Troglobites, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Matthew P. Davis, John S. Sparks

Faculty Publications

We show using the most complete phylogeny of one of the most species-rich orders of vertebrates (Gobiiformes), and calibrations from the rich fossil record of teleost fishes, that the genus Typhleotris, endemic to subterranean karst habitats in southwestern Madagascar, is the sister group to Milyeringa, endemic to similar subterranean systems in northwestern Australia. Both groups are eyeless, and our phylogenetic and biogeographic results show that these obligate cave fishes now found on opposite ends of the Indian Ocean (separated by nearly 7,000 km) are each others closest relatives and owe their origins to the break up of the southern supercontinent, …

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The Structure Of The Bfrb-Bfd Complex Reveals Protein-Protein Interactions Enabling Iron Release From Bacterioferritin, Huili Yao, Yan Wang, Scott Lovell, Ritesh Kumar, Anatoly M. Ruvinsky, Kevin P. Battaile, Ilya A. Vakser, Mario Rivera Aug 2012

The Structure Of The Bfrb-Bfd Complex Reveals Protein-Protein Interactions Enabling Iron Release From Bacterioferritin, Huili Yao, Yan Wang, Scott Lovell, Ritesh Kumar, Anatoly M. Ruvinsky, Kevin P. Battaile, Ilya A. Vakser, Mario Rivera

Faculty Publications

Ferritin-like molecules are unique to cellular iron homeostasis because they can store iron at concentrations much higher than those dictated by the solubility of Fe3+. Very little is known about the protein interactions that deliver iron for storage or promote the mobilization of stored iron from ferritin-like molecules. Here, we report the X-ray crystal structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterioferritin (Pa-BfrB) in complex with bacterioferritin-associated ferredoxin (Pa-Bfd) at 2.0 Å resolution. As the first example of a ferritin-like molecule in complex with a cognate partner, the structure provides unprecedented insight into the complementary interface that enables the [2Fe-2S] cluster of Pa-Bfd …

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Identification Of Oxidized Amino Acid Residues In The Vicinity Of The Mn 4Cao 5 Cluster Of Photosystem Ii: Implications For The Identification Of Oxygen Channels Within The Photosystem, Laurie K. Frankel, Larry Sallans, Patrick A. Limbach, Terry M. Bricker Aug 2012

Identification Of Oxidized Amino Acid Residues In The Vicinity Of The Mn 4Cao 5 Cluster Of Photosystem Ii: Implications For The Identification Of Oxygen Channels Within The Photosystem, Laurie K. Frankel, Larry Sallans, Patrick A. Limbach, Terry M. Bricker

Faculty Publications

As a light-driven water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, Photosystem II produces molecular oxygen as an enzymatic product. Additionally, under a variety of stress conditions, reactive oxygen species are produced at or near the active site for oxygen evolution. In this study, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry was used to identify oxidized amino acid residues located in several core Photosystem II proteins (D1, D2, CP43, and CP47) isolated from spinach Photosystem II membranes. While the majority of these oxidized residues (81%) are located on the oxygenated solvent-exposed surface of the complex, several residues on the CP43 protein ( 354E, 355T, 356M, and 357R) …

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Asymmetric Syntheses Of 8-Oxabicyclo[3,2,1]Octanes: A Cationic Cascade Cyclization, Bin Li, Yu Jun Zhao, Yin Chang Lai, Teck Peng Loh Aug 2012

Asymmetric Syntheses Of 8-Oxabicyclo[3,2,1]Octanes: A Cationic Cascade Cyclization, Bin Li, Yu Jun Zhao, Yin Chang Lai, Teck Peng Loh

Faculty Publications

High octane: A novel and practical syntheses of 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes using a cationic cascade cyclization reaction has been developed (see scheme; TIPS=triisopropylsilyl). The diastereomer of the cyclization product isolated depends upon whether the acetal or aldehyde substrate is used. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

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