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Inhibition Of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase By Fulvestrant And Sulfoxides, Christophe Morisseau, Svitlana Pakhomova, Sung Hee Hwang, Marcia E. Newcomer, Bruce D. Hammock Jul 2013

Inhibition Of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase By Fulvestrant And Sulfoxides, Christophe Morisseau, Svitlana Pakhomova, Sung Hee Hwang, Marcia E. Newcomer, Bruce D. Hammock

Faculty Publications

The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of epoxy-fatty acids, signaling molecules involved in numerous biologies. Toward finding novel inhibitors of sEH, a library of known drugs was tested for inhibition of sEH. We found that fulvestrant, an anticancer agent, is a potent (KI = 26 nM) competitive inhibitor of sEH. From this observation, we found that alkyl-sulfoxides represent a new kind of pharmacophore for the inhibition of sEH. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Mobile Element Scanning (Me-Scan) Identifies Thousands Of Novel Alu Insertions In Diverse Human Populations, David J. Witherspoon, Yuhua Zhang, Jinchuan Xing, W. Scott Watkins, Hongseok Ha, Mark A. Batzer, Lynn B. Jorde Jul 2013

Mobile Element Scanning (Me-Scan) Identifies Thousands Of Novel Alu Insertions In Diverse Human Populations, David J. Witherspoon, Yuhua Zhang, Jinchuan Xing, W. Scott Watkins, Hongseok Ha, Mark A. Batzer, Lynn B. Jorde

Faculty Publications

Alu retrotransposons are the most numerous and active mobile elements in humans, causing genetic disease and creating genomic diversity. Mobile element scanning (ME-Scan) enables comprehensive and affordable identification of mobile element insertions (MEI) using targeted high-throughput sequencing of multiplexed MEI junction libraries. In a single experiment, ME-Scan identifies nearly all AluYb8 and AluYb9 elements, with high sensitivity for both rare and common insertions, in 169 individuals of diverse ancestry. ME-Scan detects heterozygous insertions in single individuals with 91% sensitivity. Insertion presence or absence states determined by ME-Scan are 95% concordant with those determined by locus-specific PCR assays. By sampling diverse …

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Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2013 Jul 2013

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2013

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Holocene Evolution In Weathering And Erosion Patterns In The Pearl River Delta, Dengke Hu, Peter D. Clift, Philipp Böning, Robyn Hannigan, Stephen Hillier, Jerzy Blusztajn, Shiming Wan, Dorian Q. Fuller Jul 2013

Holocene Evolution In Weathering And Erosion Patterns In The Pearl River Delta, Dengke Hu, Peter D. Clift, Philipp Böning, Robyn Hannigan, Stephen Hillier, Jerzy Blusztajn, Shiming Wan, Dorian Q. Fuller

Faculty Publications

Sediments in the Pearl River delta have the potential to record the weathering response of this river basin to climate change since 9.5 ka, most notably weakening of the Asian monsoon since the Early Holocene (∼8 ka). Cores from the Pearl River delta show a clear temporal evolution of weathering intensity, as measured by K/Al, K/Rb, and clay mineralogy, that shows deposition of less weathered sediment at a time of weakening monsoon rainfall in the Early-Mid Holocene (6.0-2.5 ka). This may reflect an immediate response to a less humid climate, or more likely reduced reworking of older deposits from river …

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Lake Ice Ablation Rates From Permanently Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes, H. A. Dugan, M. K. Obryk, P. T. Doran Jul 2013

Lake Ice Ablation Rates From Permanently Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes, H. A. Dugan, M. K. Obryk, P. T. Doran

Faculty Publications

In the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, three large, permanently ice-covered, closedbasin lakes exist along the floor of Taylor Valley. Lake ice ablation (loss of ice mass) is calculated as the sum of sublimation and surface melt, and is the driver of ice-cover turnover in these systems. In Taylor Valley, both manual and automated lake ice ablation rates have been calculated from 2001 to 2011. Results indicate relatively consistent winter ablation of 0.07-0.21m (0.2-0.7mmw.e. d-1). Summer ablation of lake ice is more variable and ranges from 0.25 to 1.62m (5-31mmw.e. d-1) over an average 51 day period. Previous to this …

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Initial Epidemic Area Is Strongly Associated With The Yearly Extent Of Soybean Rust Spread In North America, Christopher C. Mundt, La Rae D. Wallace, Tom W. Allen, Clayton A. Hollier, Robert C. Kemerait, Edward J. Sikora Jul 2013

Initial Epidemic Area Is Strongly Associated With The Yearly Extent Of Soybean Rust Spread In North America, Christopher C. Mundt, La Rae D. Wallace, Tom W. Allen, Clayton A. Hollier, Robert C. Kemerait, Edward J. Sikora

Faculty Publications

Hosts of soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) are sensitive to low temperatures, limiting this obligate parasite in the United States to overwintering sites in a restricted area along the Gulf Coast. This temperature sensitivity of soybean rust hosts allowed us to study spatial spread of epidemic invasions over similar territory for seven sequential years, 2005-2011. The epidemic front expanded slowly from early April through July, with the majority of expansion occurring from August through November. There was a 7.4-fold range of final epidemic extent (0.4-3.0 million km2) from the year of smallest final disease extent (2011) to that of the largest …

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Threshold-Based Spraying Decision Programmes For The Red Spider Mite Tetranychus Marianae On Eggplant, G. V.P. Reddy, R. Kikuchi, J. R. Bautista Jul 2013

Threshold-Based Spraying Decision Programmes For The Red Spider Mite Tetranychus Marianae On Eggplant, G. V.P. Reddy, R. Kikuchi, J. R. Bautista

Faculty Publications

The red spider mite, Tetranychus marianae McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae), has been an important pest of eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae) and other vegetables in the Mariana Islands. The damage due to T. marianae has been severe and caused huge economic losses. Because no threshold levels are available for T. marianae, many growers are applying up to 12 chemical applications per eggplant cropping period. This is not only expensive, but also results in lower yields because of extensive foliar damage and development of resistance in mites to chemicals. To diminish the calendar-based chemical applications and to preclude damage to foliage and …

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25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels In African American And Nigerian Women, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, John F. Aloia, Lara R. Dugas, Bamidele O. Tayo, David A. Shoham, Anne Marie Bertino, James K. Yeh, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke Jul 2013

25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels In African American And Nigerian Women, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, John F. Aloia, Lara R. Dugas, Bamidele O. Tayo, David A. Shoham, Anne Marie Bertino, James K. Yeh, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke

Faculty Publications

Objectives: African Americans (AA) have substantially lower levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) than whites. We compared population-based samples of 25(OH)D in women of African descent from Nigeria and metropolitan Chicago. Methods: One hundred women of Yoruba ethnicity from southwest Nigeria and 94 African American women from metropolitan Chicago were recruited and compared using a standardized survey protocol and the same laboratory assay for 25(OH)D. Results: Mean 25(OH)D levels were 64 nmol/l among the Nigerians and 29 nmol/l among the AA. Only 10% of the values were shared in common between the groups, and 76% of the Nigerians were above …

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Evidence Of Formosan Subterranean Termite Group Size And Associated Bacteria In The Suppression Of Entomopathogenic Bacteria, Bacillus Thuringiensis Subspecies Israelensis And Thuringiensis, Cai Wang, Gregg Henderson Jul 2013

Evidence Of Formosan Subterranean Termite Group Size And Associated Bacteria In The Suppression Of Entomopathogenic Bacteria, Bacillus Thuringiensis Subspecies Israelensis And Thuringiensis, Cai Wang, Gregg Henderson

Faculty Publications

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, was studied for its ability to suppress two entomopathogenic bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (Bti) and thuringiensis (Btt). Different group sizes (50, 25, 10, and no termites [control]) of C. formosanus were placed on well-grown Bti or Btt agar plates. On day 1, the diameters of Bti and Btt colonies in the three treatments containing termites were significantly smaller than in the controls. The diameters of Bti and Btt colonies in the 50-termite treatment were significantly smaller than in the 10-termite treatment. However, neither was significantly different from the 25-termite treatment. This group …

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Selective Nanoparticles For Antimicrobial Therapies And Mri Diagnostics, Mark Andrew Hoppens Jun 2013

Selective Nanoparticles For Antimicrobial Therapies And Mri Diagnostics, Mark Andrew Hoppens

LSU Master's Theses

Early diagnosis and treatment of an infection and the selectivity of the treatment method are three parameters, which if optimized will greatly enhance a patient’s prognosis. Thus these three components have been, and continue to be extensively studied. Advances in biosynthesis and nanofabriciation have provided researchers with new tools with which to improve diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. Of these, inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have shown great promise. Metallic nanoparticles have been demonstrated to successfully serve as antimicrobials, platforms for the transportation of therapeutic molecules, CT and MRI contrast agents, and thermal ablation. The recent paradigm of theranostics proposes substances that serve …

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Effects Of Flow Rates And Composition Of The Filter, And Decay/Ingrowth Correction Factors Involved With The Determination Of In Situ Particulate 210po And 210pb In Seawater, Mark Baskaran, Thomas Church, Gi Hong, Anupam Kumar, Ma Qiang, Hiu Choi, Sylvain Rigaud, Kanchan Maiti Jun 2013

Effects Of Flow Rates And Composition Of The Filter, And Decay/Ingrowth Correction Factors Involved With The Determination Of In Situ Particulate 210po And 210pb In Seawater, Mark Baskaran, Thomas Church, Gi Hong, Anupam Kumar, Ma Qiang, Hiu Choi, Sylvain Rigaud, Kanchan Maiti

Faculty Publications

Accurate measurements of particulate 210Po (210Pop) and 210Pb (210Pbpp) are required in the investigation of (i) partitioning of Po and Pb between particulate and dissolved phases and (ii) export estimates of carbon and other key trace metals from the euphotic zone via sinking particulate matter. Based on the intercomparison of different composition of the filter material (QMA, Supor, Millipore, and Pall GN6) and flow rates (2 to 8 L min), we show how these factors affect the measured concentrations of 210Pop and 210Pbpp and their activity ratios (AR). As such, we recommend …

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Non-Additive Effects On Decomposition From Mixing Litter Of The Invasive Mikania Micrantha H.B.K. With Native Plants, Bao Ming Chen, Shao Lin Peng, Carla M. D'Antonio, Dai Jiang Li, Wen Tao Ren Jun 2013

Non-Additive Effects On Decomposition From Mixing Litter Of The Invasive Mikania Micrantha H.B.K. With Native Plants, Bao Ming Chen, Shao Lin Peng, Carla M. D'Antonio, Dai Jiang Li, Wen Tao Ren

Faculty Publications

A common hypothesis to explain the effect of litter mixing is based on the difference in litter N content between mixed species. Although many studies have shown that litter of invasive non-native plants typically has higher N content than that of native plants in the communities they invade, there has been surprisingly little study of mixing effects during plant invasions. We address this question in south China where Mikania micrantha H.B.K., a non-native vine, with high litter N content, has invaded many forested ecosystems. We were specifically interested in whether this invader accelerated decomposition and how the strength of the …

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Quantum Beats And Coherence Decay In Degenerate States Split By Solvation, Lev Chuntonov, Daniel G. Kuroda, Ayanjeet Ghosh, Jianqiang Ma, Robin M. Hochstrasser Jun 2013

Quantum Beats And Coherence Decay In Degenerate States Split By Solvation, Lev Chuntonov, Daniel G. Kuroda, Ayanjeet Ghosh, Jianqiang Ma, Robin M. Hochstrasser

Faculty Publications

Coherent dynamics of degenerate quantum states symmetry-broken on the femtosecond time scale is found to exhibit the phenomenon of quantum beats. Frequency-resolved and polarization-selective heterodyned transient grating spectroscopy enabled us to retrieve the oscillation pattern characteristic of the beating in systems undergoing ultrafast dynamical processes. This methodology applies to the general phenomena of coherence dynamics, which is important in any ultrafast multidimensional spectroscopy. A particular application to the vibrational spectroscopy of coherence in the degenerate normal modes of the tricyanomethanide anion solvated in water is explored in this study. The relaxation of the cross-polarization transient grating anisotropy is shown to …

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Spatially Selective Surface Platforms For Binding Fibrinogen Prepared By Particle Lithography With Organosilanes, Lauren E. Englade-Franklin, Cha Marra K. Saner, Jayne C. Garno Jun 2013

Spatially Selective Surface Platforms For Binding Fibrinogen Prepared By Particle Lithography With Organosilanes, Lauren E. Englade-Franklin, Cha Marra K. Saner, Jayne C. Garno

Faculty Publications

We introduce an approach based on particle lithography to prepare spatially selective surface platforms of organosilanes that are suitable for nanoscale studies of protein binding. Particle lithography was applied for patterning fibrinogen, a plasma protein that has a major role in the clotting cascade for blood coagulation and wound healing. Surface nanopatterns of mercaptosilanes were designed as sites for the attachment of fibrinogen within a protein-resistant matrix of 2-[methoxy(polyethyleneoxy)propyl] trichlorosilane (PEG-silane). Preparing site-selective surfaces was problematic in our studies, because of the self-reactive properties of PEG-organosilanes. Certain organosilanes presenting hydroxyl head groups will cross react to form mixed surface multi-layers. …

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Lipid Nature And Their Influence On Opening Of Redox-Active Liposomes, Martin Loew, Jerimiah C. Forsythe, Robin L. Mccarley Jun 2013

Lipid Nature And Their Influence On Opening Of Redox-Active Liposomes, Martin Loew, Jerimiah C. Forsythe, Robin L. Mccarley

Faculty Publications

The pathway for content release from reduction-sensitive liposomes based on a quinone-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine lipid conjugate (Q-DOPE) is outlined using results from fluorescent dye content release assays as well as single- and multiple-angle light scattering. Experimental observations are consistent with a shape/size change of the reduced liposomes prior to their aggregation, with subsequent near-quantitative content release achieved only when the lipid membrane experiences conditions favorable to a lamellar to an inverted hexagonal phase transition. Addition of poly(ethyleneglycol)-modified DOPE (PEG-DOPE) to the Q-DOPE liposomal formulation results in stabilization of the lipid bilayer, whereas incorporation of DOPE yields faster content release. At high DOPE …

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Halogen Photoelimination From Dirhodium Phosphazane Complexes Via Chloride-Bridged Intermediates, David C. Powers, Matthew B. Chambers, Thomas S. Teets, Noémie Elgrishi, Bryce L. Anderson, Daniel G. Nocera Jun 2013

Halogen Photoelimination From Dirhodium Phosphazane Complexes Via Chloride-Bridged Intermediates, David C. Powers, Matthew B. Chambers, Thomas S. Teets, Noémie Elgrishi, Bryce L. Anderson, Daniel G. Nocera

Faculty Publications

Halogen photoelimination is a critical step in HX-splitting photocatalysis. Herein, we report the photoreduction of a pair of valence-isomeric dirhodium phosphazane complexes, and suggest that a common intermediate is accessed in the photochemistry of both mixed-valent and valence-symmetric complexes. The results of these investigations suggest that halogen photoelimination proceeds by two sequential photochemical reactions: ligand dissociation followed by subsequent halogen elimination. © 2013 Royal Society of Chemistry.

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A Comparison Of 100 Human Genes Using An Alu Element-Based Instability Model, George W. Cook, Miriam K. Konkel, Jerilyn A. Walker, Matthew G. Bourgeois, Mitchell L. Fullerton, John T. Fussell, Heath D. Herbold, Mark A. Batzer Jun 2013

A Comparison Of 100 Human Genes Using An Alu Element-Based Instability Model, George W. Cook, Miriam K. Konkel, Jerilyn A. Walker, Matthew G. Bourgeois, Mitchell L. Fullerton, John T. Fussell, Heath D. Herbold, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

The human retrotransposon with the highest copy number is the Alu element. The human genome contains over one million Alu elements that collectively account for over ten percent of our DNA. Full-length Alu elements are randomly distributed throughout the genome in both forward and reverse orientations. However, full-length widely spaced Alu pairs having two Alus in the same (direct) orientation are statistically more prevalent than Alu pairs having two Alus in the opposite (inverted) orientation. The cause of this phenomenon is unknown. It has been hypothesized that this imbalance is the consequence of anomalous inverted Alu pair interactions. One proposed …

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Il-4rα On Cd4+ T Cells Plays A Pathogenic Role In Respiratory Syncytial Virus Reinfection In Mice Infected Initially As Neonates, Dahui You, Nico Marr, Jordy Saravia, Bishwas Shrestha, Greg I. Lee, Stuart E. Turvey, Frank Brombacher, De'broski R. Herbert, Stephania A. Cormier Jun 2013

Il-4rα On Cd4+ T Cells Plays A Pathogenic Role In Respiratory Syncytial Virus Reinfection In Mice Infected Initially As Neonates, Dahui You, Nico Marr, Jordy Saravia, Bishwas Shrestha, Greg I. Lee, Stuart E. Turvey, Frank Brombacher, De'broski R. Herbert, Stephania A. Cormier

Faculty Publications

RSV is the major cause of severe bronchiolitis in infants, and severe bronchiolitis as a result of RSV is associated with subsequent asthma development. A biased Th2 immune response is thought to be responsible for neonatal RSV pathogenesis; however, molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that IL-4Rα is up-regulated in vitro on human CD4+ T cells from cord blood following RSV stimulation and in vivo on mouse pulmonary CD4+ T cells upon reinfection of mice, initially infected as neonates. Th cell-specific deletion of Il4ra attenuated Th2 responses and abolished the immunopathophysiology upon reinfection, including airway …

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Fitness: Philosophical Problems, Grant Ramsey, Charles H. Pence Jun 2013

Fitness: Philosophical Problems, Grant Ramsey, Charles H. Pence

Faculty Publications

Fitness plays many roles throughout evolutionary theory, from a measure of populations in the wild to a central element in abstract theoretical presentations of natural selection. It has thus been the subject of an extensive philosophical literature, which has primarily centred on the way to understand the relationship between fitness values and reproductive outcomes. If fitness is a probabilistic or statistical quantity, how is it to be defined in general theoretical contexts? How can it be measured? Can a single conceptual model for fitness be offered that applies to all biological cases, or must fitness measures be case-specific? Philosophers have …

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Reevaluating The Conceptual Framework For Applied Research On Host-Plant Resistance, Michael J. Stout Jun 2013

Reevaluating The Conceptual Framework For Applied Research On Host-Plant Resistance, Michael J. Stout

Faculty Publications

Applied research on host-plant resistance to arthropod pests has been guided over the past 60 years by a framework originally developed by Reginald Painter in his 1951 book, Insect Resistance in Crop Plants. Painter divided the "phenomena" of resistance into three "mechanisms," nonpreference (later renamed antixenosis), antibiosis, and tolerance. The weaknesses of this framework are discussed. In particular, this trichotomous framework does not encompass all known mechanisms of resistance, and the antixenosis and antibiosis categories are ambiguous and inseparable in practice. These features have perhaps led to a simplistic approach to understanding arthropod resistance in crop plants. A dichotomous scheme …

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The Genomic Consequences Of Adaptive Divergence And Reproductive Isolation Between Species Of Manakins, T. L. Parchman, Z. Gompert, M. J. Braun, R. T. Brumfield, D. B. Mcdonald, J. A.C. Uy, G. Zhang, E. D. Jarvis, B. A. Schlinger, C. A. Buerkle Jun 2013

The Genomic Consequences Of Adaptive Divergence And Reproductive Isolation Between Species Of Manakins, T. L. Parchman, Z. Gompert, M. J. Braun, R. T. Brumfield, D. B. Mcdonald, J. A.C. Uy, G. Zhang, E. D. Jarvis, B. A. Schlinger, C. A. Buerkle

Faculty Publications

The processes of adaptation and speciation are expected to shape genomic variation within and between diverging species. Here we analyze genomic heterogeneity of genetic differentiation and introgression in a hybrid zone between two bird species (Manacus candei and M. vitellinus) using 59 100 SNPs, a whole genome assembly, and Bayesian models. Measures of genetic differentiation (FST) and introgression (genomic cline center [α] and rate [β]) were highly heterogeneous among loci. We identified thousands of loci with elevated parameter estimates, some of which are likely to be associated with variation in fitness in Manacus populations. To analyze the genomic organization of …

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Determining The Depth Of Insertion Of Dynamically Invisible Membrane Peptides By Gel-Phase 1H Spin Diffusion Heteronuclear Correlation Nmr, T. Wang, H. Yao, M. Hong Jun 2013

Determining The Depth Of Insertion Of Dynamically Invisible Membrane Peptides By Gel-Phase 1H Spin Diffusion Heteronuclear Correlation Nmr, T. Wang, H. Yao, M. Hong

Faculty Publications

Solid-state NMR determination of the depth of insertion of membrane peptides and proteins has so far utilized 1H spin diffusion and paramagnetic relaxation enhancement experiments, which are typically conducted in the liquid-crystalline phase of the lipid bilayer. For membrane proteins or peptide assemblies that undergo intermediate-timescale motion in the liquid-crystalline membrane, these approaches are no longer applicable because the protein signals are broadened beyond detection. Here we show that the rigid-solid HETCOR experiment, with an additional spin diffusion period, can be used to determine the depth of proteins in gel-phase lipid membranes, where the proteins are immobilized to give high-intensity …

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Minimizing Human Infection From Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Using Gumbos, Marsha R. Cole, Min Li, Ravirajsinh Jadeja, Bilal El-Zahab, Daniel Hayes, Jeffery A. Hobden, Marlene E. Janes, Isiah M. Warner Jun 2013

Minimizing Human Infection From Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Using Gumbos, Marsha R. Cole, Min Li, Ravirajsinh Jadeja, Bilal El-Zahab, Daniel Hayes, Jeffery A. Hobden, Marlene E. Janes, Isiah M. Warner

Faculty Publications

Objectives: Reduction in faecal shedding of Shiga toxin-producing enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in food-producing animals is a viable strategy to minimize human disease initiated by exposure to these microorganisms. To this end, an intervention strategy involving the electrostatic hybridization of two commonly used anti-infective agents for veterinary practice (i.e. chlorhexidine and ampicillin) was evaluated to curtail EHECtransmitted disease from ruminant sources. Chlorhexidine di-ampicillin is a novel group of uniform material based on organic salts (GUMBOS) with inherent in vitro antibacterial activity that comes from its parent antimicrobial ions, chlorhexidine and ampicillin. Methods: Antibacterial activities for chlorhexidine diacetate, sodium ampicillin, chlorhexidine …

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Trade-Offs, Geography, And Limits To Thermal Adaptation In A Tide Pool Copepod, Morgan W. Kelly, Richard K. Grosberg, Eric Sanford Jun 2013

Trade-Offs, Geography, And Limits To Thermal Adaptation In A Tide Pool Copepod, Morgan W. Kelly, Richard K. Grosberg, Eric Sanford

Faculty Publications

Antagonistic correlations among traits may slow the rate of adaptation to a changing environment. The tide pool copepod Tigriopus californicus is locally adapted to temperature, but within populations, the response to selection for increased heat tolerance plateaus rapidly, suggesting either limited variation within populations or costs of increased tolerance. To measure possible costs of thermal tolerance, we selected for increased upper lethal limits for 10 generations in 22 lines of T. californicus from six populations. Then, for each line, we measured six fitness-related traits. Selected lines showed an overall increase in male and female body sizes, fecundity, and starvation resistance, …

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Efindsite: Improved Prediction Of Ligand Binding Sites In Protein Models Using Meta-Threading, Machine Learning And Auxiliary Ligands, Michal Brylinski, Wei P. Feinstein Jun 2013

Efindsite: Improved Prediction Of Ligand Binding Sites In Protein Models Using Meta-Threading, Machine Learning And Auxiliary Ligands, Michal Brylinski, Wei P. Feinstein

Faculty Publications

Molecular structures and functions of the majority of proteins across different species are yet to be identified. Much needed functional annotation of these gene products often benefits from the knowledge of protein-ligand interactions. Towards this goal, we developed eFindSite, an improved version of FINDSITE, designed to more efficiently identify ligand binding sites and residues using only weakly homologous templates. It employs a collection of effective algorithms, including highly sensitive meta-threading approaches, improved clustering techniques, advanced machine learning methods and reliable confidence estimation systems. Depending on the quality of target protein structures, eFindSite outperforms geometric pocket detection algorithms by 15-40 % …

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Cotton Aphid (Heteroptera: Aphididae) Susceptibility To Commercial And Experimental Insecticides In The Southern United States, J. Gore, D. Cook, A. Catchot, B. R. Leonard, S. D. Stewart, G. Lorenz, D. Kerns Jun 2013

Cotton Aphid (Heteroptera: Aphididae) Susceptibility To Commercial And Experimental Insecticides In The Southern United States, J. Gore, D. Cook, A. Catchot, B. R. Leonard, S. D. Stewart, G. Lorenz, D. Kerns

Faculty Publications

Cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, has a history of developing resistance to novel insecticides. A program is needed to monitor cotton aphid susceptibility to new insecticides. Concentration-mortality bioassays were conducted from 2008 to 2011 to monitor the susceptibility of cotton aphids from fields across the midsouthern United States to thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor. Flonicamid was included in 2010 and 2011. Bioassays followed the procedures described by the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee for testing neonicotinoids against cotton aphid. Mortality was rated at 48 and 72 h. These bioassays suggest that high levels of resistance to thiamethoxam occur in cotton aphid throughout the …

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A Meta-Analysis Identifies New Loci Associated With Body Mass Index In Individuals Of African Ancestry, Keri L. Monda, Gary K. Chen, Kira C. Taylor, Cameron Palmer, Todd L. Edwards, Leslie A. Lange, Maggie C.Y. Ng, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Matthew A. Allison, Lawrence F. Bielak, Guanjie Chen, Mariaelisa Graff, Marguerite R. Irvin, Suhn K. Rhie, Guo Li, Yongmei Liu, Youfang Liu, Yingchang Lu, Michael A. Nalls, Yan V. Sun, Mary K. Wojczynski, Lisa R. Yanek, Melinda C. Aldrich, Adeyinka Ademola, Christopher I. Amos, Elisa V. Bandera, Cathryn H. Bock, Angela Britton, Ulrich Broeckel, Quiyin Cai, Neil E. Caporaso, Chris S. Carlson, John Carpten Jun 2013

A Meta-Analysis Identifies New Loci Associated With Body Mass Index In Individuals Of African Ancestry, Keri L. Monda, Gary K. Chen, Kira C. Taylor, Cameron Palmer, Todd L. Edwards, Leslie A. Lange, Maggie C.Y. Ng, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Matthew A. Allison, Lawrence F. Bielak, Guanjie Chen, Mariaelisa Graff, Marguerite R. Irvin, Suhn K. Rhie, Guo Li, Yongmei Liu, Youfang Liu, Yingchang Lu, Michael A. Nalls, Yan V. Sun, Mary K. Wojczynski, Lisa R. Yanek, Melinda C. Aldrich, Adeyinka Ademola, Christopher I. Amos, Elisa V. Bandera, Cathryn H. Bock, Angela Britton, Ulrich Broeckel, Quiyin Cai, Neil E. Caporaso, Chris S. Carlson, John Carpten

Faculty Publications

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 36 loci associated with body mass index (BMI), predominantly in populations of European ancestry. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the association of >3.2 million SNPs with BMI in 39,144 men and women of African ancestry and followed up the most significant associations in an additional 32,268 individuals of African ancestry. We identified one new locus at 5q33 (GALNT10, rs7708584, P = 3.4 × 10-11) and another at 7p15 when we included data from the GIANT consortium (MIR148A-NFE2L3, rs10261878, P = 1.2 × 10-10). We also found suggestive evidence of an association at a …

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Developing Models Of Disease Transmission: Insights From Ecological Studies Of Insects And Their Baculoviruses, Bret D. Elderd Jun 2013

Developing Models Of Disease Transmission: Insights From Ecological Studies Of Insects And Their Baculoviruses, Bret D. Elderd

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Dissemination Of Bloodmeal Acquired Rickettsia Felis In Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Chutima Thepparit, Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Vsevolod L. Popov, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso May 2013

Dissemination Of Bloodmeal Acquired Rickettsia Felis In Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Chutima Thepparit, Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Vsevolod L. Popov, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso

Faculty Publications

Background: Cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis, are known biological vectors for Rickettsia felis. Rickettsial transmission can be vertical via transovarial transmission within a flea population, as well as horizontal between fleas through a bloodmeal. The previously undescribed infection kinetics of bloodmeal-acquired R. felis in cat fleas provides insight into the R. felis-flea interaction. Findings. In the present study, dissemination of R. felis in previously uninfected cat fleas fed an R. felis-infected bloodmeal was investigated. At weekly intervals for 28 days, rickettsial propagation, accumulation, and dissemination in gut epithelial cells, specifically in the hindgut and the specialized cells in the neck region …

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The Predicted Relative Risk Of Premature Ovarian Failure For Three Radiotherapy Modalities In A Girl Receiving Craniospinal Irradiation, A. Pérez-Andújar, W. D. Newhauser, P. J. Taddei, A. Mahajan, R. M. Howell May 2013

The Predicted Relative Risk Of Premature Ovarian Failure For Three Radiotherapy Modalities In A Girl Receiving Craniospinal Irradiation, A. Pérez-Andújar, W. D. Newhauser, P. J. Taddei, A. Mahajan, R. M. Howell

Faculty Publications

In girls and young women, irradiation of the ovaries can reduce the number of viable ovarian primordial follicles, which may lead to premature ovarian failure (POF) and subsequently to sterility. One strategy to minimize this late effect is to reduce the radiation dose to the ovaries. A primary means of reducing dose is to choose a radiotherapy technique that avoids irradiating nearby normal tissue; however, the relative risk of POF (RRPOF) due to the various therapeutic options has not been assessed. This study compared the predicted RRPOF after craniospinal proton radiotherapy, conventional photon radiotherapy (CRT) and intensity-modulated photon radiotherapy (IMRT). …

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