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Visualization Of Risk Of Radiogenic Second Cancer In The Organs And Tissues Of The Human Body, Rui Zhang, Dragan Mirkovic, Wayne D. Newhauser Apr 2015

Visualization Of Risk Of Radiogenic Second Cancer In The Organs And Tissues Of The Human Body, Rui Zhang, Dragan Mirkovic, Wayne D. Newhauser

Faculty Publications

Background: Radiogenic second cancer is a common late effect in long term cancer survivors. Currently there are few methods or tools available to visually evaluate the spatial distribution of risks of radiogenic late effects in the human body. We developed a risk visualization method and demonstrated it for radiogenic second cancers in tissues and organs of one patient treated with photon volumetric modulated arc therapy and one patient treated with proton craniospinal irradiation. Methods: Treatment plans were generated using radiotherapy treatment planning systems (TPS) and dose information was obtained from TPS. Linear non-threshold risk coefficients for organs at risk of …


Visualization Of Risk Of Radiogenic Second Cancer In The Organs And Tissues Of The Human Body, Rui Zhang, Dragan Mirkovic, Wayne D. Newhauser Apr 2015

Visualization Of Risk Of Radiogenic Second Cancer In The Organs And Tissues Of The Human Body, Rui Zhang, Dragan Mirkovic, Wayne D. Newhauser

Faculty Publications

Background: Radiogenic second cancer is a common late effect in long term cancer survivors. Currently there are few methods or tools available to visually evaluate the spatial distribution of risks of radiogenic late effects in the human body. We developed a risk visualization method and demonstrated it for radiogenic second cancers in tissues and organs of one patient treated with photon volumetric modulated arc therapy and one patient treated with proton craniospinal irradiation. Methods: Treatment plans were generated using radiotherapy treatment planning systems (TPS) and dose information was obtained from TPS. Linear non-threshold risk coefficients for organs at risk of …


Deep Groundwater And Potential Subsurface Habitats Beneath An Antarctic Dry Valley, J. A. Mikucki, E. Auken, S. Tulaczyk, R. A. Virginia, C. Schamper, K. I. Sørensen, P. T. Doran, H. Dugan, N. Foley Apr 2015

Deep Groundwater And Potential Subsurface Habitats Beneath An Antarctic Dry Valley, J. A. Mikucki, E. Auken, S. Tulaczyk, R. A. Virginia, C. Schamper, K. I. Sørensen, P. T. Doran, H. Dugan, N. Foley

Faculty Publications

The occurrence of groundwater in Antarctica, particularly in the ice-free regions and along the coastal margins is poorly understood. Here we use an airborne transient electromagnetic (AEM) sensor to produce extensive imagery of resistivity beneath Taylor Valley. Regional-scale zones of low subsurface resistivity were detected that are inconsistent with the high resistivity of glacier ice or dry permafrost in this region. We interpret these results as an indication that liquid, with sufficiently high solute content, exists at temperatures well below freezing and considered within the range suitable for microbial life. These inferred brines are widespread within permafrost and extend below …


Deposition And Characteristics Of West Bay Sediment In The Mississippi River Delta, And The Effects Of Polymers On Sediment Erodibility, Patrick Robichaux Apr 2015

Deposition And Characteristics Of West Bay Sediment In The Mississippi River Delta, And The Effects Of Polymers On Sediment Erodibility, Patrick Robichaux

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Rice Crop Monitoring And Yield Estimation Through Cosmo Skymed And Terrasar-X: A Sar-Based Experience In India, S. Pazhanivelan, P. Kannan, P. Christy Nirmala Mary, E. Subramanian, S. Jeyaraman, Andrew Nelson, Tri Setiyono, Francesco Holecz, Massimo Barbieri, Manoj Yadav Apr 2015

Rice Crop Monitoring And Yield Estimation Through Cosmo Skymed And Terrasar-X: A Sar-Based Experience In India, S. Pazhanivelan, P. Kannan, P. Christy Nirmala Mary, E. Subramanian, S. Jeyaraman, Andrew Nelson, Tri Setiyono, Francesco Holecz, Massimo Barbieri, Manoj Yadav

Faculty Publications

Rice is the most important cereal crop governing food security in Asia. Reliable and regular information on the area under rice production is the basis of policy decisions related to imports, exports and prices which directly affect food security. Recent and planned launches of SAR sensors coupled with automated processing can provide sustainable solutions to the challenges on mapping and monitoring rice systems. High resolution (3m) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imageries were used to map and monitor rice growing areas in selected three sites in TamilNadu, India to determine rice cropping extent, track rice growth and estimate yields. A simple, …


Retrotransposon-Derived Promoter Of Mammalian Aebp2, Hana Kim, Arundhati Bakshi, Joomyeong Kim Apr 2015

Retrotransposon-Derived Promoter Of Mammalian Aebp2, Hana Kim, Arundhati Bakshi, Joomyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Kim et al. Variable DNA methylation in promoter regions has been implicated in altering transcriptional regulation. The current study analyzed the evolutionary origin and DNA methylation pattern of one of the promoters of Aebp2 . According to the results, the first promoter of Aebp2 has been derived from retrotransposons independently in the primate and rodent lineages. DNA methylation analyses revealed that this promoter is unmethylated in sperm, methylated in mature oocytes, and partially methylated at embryonic day 10.5 (78.3%) and 14.5 (58.3%). This promoter also shows variable levels of DNA methylation among adult organs, ranging from the highest …


Reducing The Cost Of Proton Radiation Therapy: The Feasibility Of A Streamlined Treatment Technique For Prostate Cancer, Wayne D. Newhauser, Rui Zhang, Timothy G. Jones, Annelise Giebeler, Phillip J. Taddei, Robert D. Stewart, Andrew Lee, Oleg Vassiliev Apr 2015

Reducing The Cost Of Proton Radiation Therapy: The Feasibility Of A Streamlined Treatment Technique For Prostate Cancer, Wayne D. Newhauser, Rui Zhang, Timothy G. Jones, Annelise Giebeler, Phillip J. Taddei, Robert D. Stewart, Andrew Lee, Oleg Vassiliev

Faculty Publications

Proton radiation therapy is an effective modality for cancer treatments, but the cost of proton therapy is much higher compared to conventional radiotherapy and this presents a formidable barrier to most clinical practices that wish to offer proton therapy. Little attention in literature has been paid to the costs associated with collimators, range compensators and hypofractionation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of cost-saving modifications to the present standard of care for proton treatments for prostate cancer. In particular, we quantified the dosimetric impact of a treatment technique in which custom fabricated collimators were replaced with …


The Physics Of Proton Therapy, Wayne D. Newhauser, Rui Zhang Apr 2015

The Physics Of Proton Therapy, Wayne D. Newhauser, Rui Zhang

Faculty Publications

The physics of proton therapy has advanced considerably since it was proposed in 1946. Today analytical equations and numerical simulation methods are available to predict and characterize many aspects of proton therapy. This article reviews the basic aspects of the physics of proton therapy, including proton interaction mechanisms, proton transport calculations, the determination of dose from therapeutic and stray radiations, and shielding design. The article discusses underlying processes as well as selected practical experimental and theoretical methods. We conclude by briefly speculating on possible future areas of research of relevance to the physics of proton therapy.


Transits And Starspots In The Wasp-6 Planetary System, Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, John Southworth, M. Burgdorf, S. Calchi Novati, M. Dominik, F. Finet, U. G. Jørgensen, G. Maier, L. Mancini, S. Prof, D. Ricci, C. Snodgrass, V. Bozza, P. Browne, P. Dodds, T. Gerner, K. Harpsøe, T. C. Hinse, M. Hundertmark, N. Kains, E. Kerins, C. Liebig, M. T. Penny, S. Rahvar, K. Sahu, G. Scarpetta, S. Schäfer, F. Schönebeck, J. Skottfelt, J. Surdej Apr 2015

Transits And Starspots In The Wasp-6 Planetary System, Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, John Southworth, M. Burgdorf, S. Calchi Novati, M. Dominik, F. Finet, U. G. Jørgensen, G. Maier, L. Mancini, S. Prof, D. Ricci, C. Snodgrass, V. Bozza, P. Browne, P. Dodds, T. Gerner, K. Harpsøe, T. C. Hinse, M. Hundertmark, N. Kains, E. Kerins, C. Liebig, M. T. Penny, S. Rahvar, K. Sahu, G. Scarpetta, S. Schäfer, F. Schönebeck, J. Skottfelt, J. Surdej

Faculty Publications

We present updates to PRISM, a photometric transit-starspot model, and GEMC, a hybrid optimization code combining MCMC and a genetic algorithm. We then present high-precision photometry of four transits in the WASP-6 planetary system, two of which contain a starspot anomaly. All four transits were modelled using PRISM and GEMC, and the physical properties of the system calculated. We find the mass and radius of the host star to be 0.836 ± 0.063 M⊙ and 0.864 ± 0.024 R⊙, respectively. For the planet, we find a mass of 0.485 ± 0.027 MJup, a radius of 1.230 ± 0.035 RJup and …


Electronic Signatures Of A Model Pollutant-Particle System: Chemisorbed Phenol On Tio2(110), Matthew C. Patterson, Chad A. Thibodeaux, Orhan Kizilkaya, Richard L. Kurtz, E. D. Poliakoff, Phillip T. Sprunger Apr 2015

Electronic Signatures Of A Model Pollutant-Particle System: Chemisorbed Phenol On Tio2(110), Matthew C. Patterson, Chad A. Thibodeaux, Orhan Kizilkaya, Richard L. Kurtz, E. D. Poliakoff, Phillip T. Sprunger

Faculty Publications

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are a class of composite organic/metal oxide pollutants that have recently been discovered to form from a wide variety of substituted benzenes chemisorbed to commonly encountered oxides. Although a qualitative understanding of EPFR formation on particulate metal oxides has been achieved, a detailed understanding of the charge transfer mechanism that must accompany the creation of an unpaired radical electron is lacking. In this study, we perform photoelectron spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy on a well-defined model system-phenol chemisorbed on TiO2(110) to directly observe changes in the electronic structure of the oxide and chemisorbed phenol …


Investigation Of The Curvature Induction And Membrane Localization Of The Influenza Virus M2 Protein Using Static And Off-Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Of Oriented Bicelles, Tuo Wang, Mei Hong Apr 2015

Investigation Of The Curvature Induction And Membrane Localization Of The Influenza Virus M2 Protein Using Static And Off-Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Of Oriented Bicelles, Tuo Wang, Mei Hong

Faculty Publications

© 2015 American Chemical Society. A wide variety of membrane proteins induce membrane curvature for function; thus, it is important to develop new methods to simultaneously determine membrane curvature and protein binding sites in membranes with multiple curvatures. We introduce solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods based on magnetically oriented bicelles and off-magic-angle spinning (OMAS) to measure membrane curvature and the binding site of proteins in mixed-curvature membranes. We demonstrate these methods on the influenza virus M2 protein, which not only acts as a proton channel but also mediates virus assembly and membrane scission. An M2 peptide encompassing the transmembrane …


Beyond The Single-Atom Response In Absorption Line Shapes: Probing A Dense, Laser-Dressed Helium Gas With Attosecond Pulse Trains, Chen Ting Liao, Arvinder Sandhu, Seth Camp, Kenneth J. Schafer, Mette B. Gaarde Apr 2015

Beyond The Single-Atom Response In Absorption Line Shapes: Probing A Dense, Laser-Dressed Helium Gas With Attosecond Pulse Trains, Chen Ting Liao, Arvinder Sandhu, Seth Camp, Kenneth J. Schafer, Mette B. Gaarde

Faculty Publications

We investigate the absorption line shapes of laser-dressed atoms beyond the single-atom response, by using extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulse trains to probe an optically thick helium target under the influence of a strong infrared (IR) field. We study the interplay between the IR-induced phase shift of the microscopic time-dependent dipole moment and the resonant-propagation-induced reshaping of the macroscopic XUV pulse. Our experimental and theoretical results show that as the optical depth increases, this interplay leads initially to a broadening of the IR-modified line shape, and subsequently, to the appearance of new, narrow features in the absorption line.


Oxygen-Evolving Complex Of Photosystem Ii: An Analysis Of Second-Shell Residues And Hydrogen-Bonding Networks, Leslie Vogt, David J. Vinyard, Sahr Khan, Gary W. Brudvig Apr 2015

Oxygen-Evolving Complex Of Photosystem Ii: An Analysis Of Second-Shell Residues And Hydrogen-Bonding Networks, Leslie Vogt, David J. Vinyard, Sahr Khan, Gary W. Brudvig

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. The oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) is a Mn4O5Ca cluster embedded in the Photosystem II (PSII) protein complex. As the site of water oxidation, the OEC is connected to the lumen by channels that conduct water, oxygen, and/or protons during the catalytic cycle. The hydrogen-bond networks found in these channels also serve to stabilize the oxidized intermediates, known as the S states. We review recent developments in characterizing these networks via protein mutations, molecular inhibitors, and computational modeling. On the basis of these results, we highlight regions of the PSII protein in which changes have indirect effects on …


Biogeography Of A Plant Invasion: Plant-Herbivore Interactions, James T. Cronin, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Warwick J. Allen, Laura A. Meyerson Apr 2015

Biogeography Of A Plant Invasion: Plant-Herbivore Interactions, James T. Cronin, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Warwick J. Allen, Laura A. Meyerson

Faculty Publications

© 2015 by the Ecological Society of America. Theory predicts that native plant species should exhibit latitudinal gradients in the strength of their interactions with herbivores. We hypothesize that if an invasive plant species exhibits a different latitudinal gradient in response to herbivores (e.g., a nonparallel gradient), it can create large-scale heterogeneities in community resistance/susceptibility to the invasive species. We conducted a study of latitudinal variation in the strength of herbivory and defenses of native genotypes of Phragmites australis in North America (NA) and Europe (EU) and European invasive genotypes in NA. Within NA, we tested whether (1) invasive genotypes …


Louisiana Agriculture Spring, 2015 Apr 2015

Louisiana Agriculture Spring, 2015

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.


Recycling Antibiotics Into Gumbos: A New Combination Strategy To Combat Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria, Marsha R. Cole, Jeffery A. Hobden, Isiah M. Warner Apr 2015

Recycling Antibiotics Into Gumbos: A New Combination Strategy To Combat Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria, Marsha R. Cole, Jeffery A. Hobden, Isiah M. Warner

Faculty Publications

© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI. The emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria, coupled with the lack of new antibiotics in development, is fast evolving into a global crisis. New strategies utilizing existing antibacterial agents are urgently needed. We propose one such strategy in which four outmoded β-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin and oxacillin) and a well-known antiseptic (chlorhexidine di-acetate) were fashioned into a group of uniform materials based on organic salts (GUMBOS) as an alternative to conventional combination drug dosing strategies. The antibacterial activity of precursor ions (e.g., chlorhexidine diacetate and β-lactam antibiotics), GUMBOS and their unreacted mixtures were studied …


Motoneuron Axon Pathfinding Errors In Zebrafish: Differential Effects Related To Concentration And Timing Of Nicotine Exposure, Evdokia Menelaou, Latoya T. Paul, Surangi N. Perera, Kurt R. Svoboda Apr 2015

Motoneuron Axon Pathfinding Errors In Zebrafish: Differential Effects Related To Concentration And Timing Of Nicotine Exposure, Evdokia Menelaou, Latoya T. Paul, Surangi N. Perera, Kurt R. Svoboda

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Elsevier Inc. Nicotine exposure during embryonic stages of development can affect many neurodevelopmental processes. In the developing zebrafish, exposure to nicotine was reported to cause axonal pathfinding errors in the later born secondary motoneurons (SMNs). These alterations in SMN axon morphology coincided with muscle degeneration at high nicotine concentrations (15-30. μM). Previous work showed that the paralytic mutant zebrafish known as sofa potato exhibited nicotine-induced effects onto SMN axons at these high concentrations but in the absence of any muscle deficits, indicating that pathfinding errors could occur independent of muscle effects.In this study, we used varying concentrations of …


Interspecific Competition Affects Evolutionary Links Between Cavity Nesting, Migration And Clutch Size In Old World Flycatchers (Muscicapdae), Sahas Barve, Nicholas A. Mason Apr 2015

Interspecific Competition Affects Evolutionary Links Between Cavity Nesting, Migration And Clutch Size In Old World Flycatchers (Muscicapdae), Sahas Barve, Nicholas A. Mason

Faculty Publications

© 2015 British Ornithologists' Union. The ecology of cavity nesting in passerine birds has been studied extensively, yet there are no phylogenetic comparative studies that quantify differences in life history traits between cavity- and open-nesting birds within a passerine family. We test existing hypotheses regarding the evolutionary significance of cavity nesting in the Old World flycatchers (Muscicapidae). We used a multi-locus phylogeny of 252 species to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cavity nesting and to quantify correlations between nest types and life history traits. Within a phylogenetic generalized linear model framework, we found that cavity-nesting species are larger than open-nesting …


Drivers Of Observed Biotic Homogenization In Pine Barrens Of Central Wisconsin, Daijiang Li, Donald Waller Apr 2015

Drivers Of Observed Biotic Homogenization In Pine Barrens Of Central Wisconsin, Daijiang Li, Donald Waller

Faculty Publications

© 2015 by the Ecological Society of America. Fire suppression throughout the 20th century greatly altered plant communities in fire-dominated systems across North America. Our ability to assess these effects over the long term, however, is handicapped by the paucity of baseline data. Here, we used detailed baseline data from the 1950s to track changes in the over- and understory composition of pinebarrens vegetation growing on sandy, glacial lake-bed sediments in central Wisconsin. We expected fire suppression to favor succession to closed-canopy conditions, leading to decreases in shade-intolerant and fire-Adapted species and consequent reductions in alpha and gamma diversity. We …


His-Tagged And Myc-Tagged Βca Fusion Genes May Aid In The Characterization Of The Role Of Carbonic Anhydrases In Photosynthesis, Dequantarius Speed Apr 2015

His-Tagged And Myc-Tagged Βca Fusion Genes May Aid In The Characterization Of The Role Of Carbonic Anhydrases In Photosynthesis, Dequantarius Speed

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Identification Of A New Fatty Acid Catabolic Pathway During Heterotrophic Growth In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Clayton Mccuiston Apr 2015

Identification Of A New Fatty Acid Catabolic Pathway During Heterotrophic Growth In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Clayton Mccuiston

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Prolonged Proteasome Inhibition Cyclically Upregulates Oct3/4 And Nanog Gene Expression, But Reduces Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Colony Formation, Elizabeth Z. Floyd, Jaroslaw Staszkiewicz, Rachel A. Power, Gail Kilroy, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Christian W. Barnes, Karen L. Strickler, Jong S. Rim, Lettie L. Harkins, Ru Gao, Jeong Kim, Kenneth J. Eilertsen Apr 2015

Prolonged Proteasome Inhibition Cyclically Upregulates Oct3/4 And Nanog Gene Expression, But Reduces Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Colony Formation, Elizabeth Z. Floyd, Jaroslaw Staszkiewicz, Rachel A. Power, Gail Kilroy, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Christian W. Barnes, Karen L. Strickler, Jong S. Rim, Lettie L. Harkins, Ru Gao, Jeong Kim, Kenneth J. Eilertsen

Faculty Publications

There is ample evidence that the ubiquitin-proteasome system is an important regulator of transcription and its activity is necessary for maintaining pluripotency and promoting cellular reprogramming. Moreover, proteasome activity contributes to maintaining the open chromatin structure found in pluripotent stem cells, acting as a transcriptional inhibitor at specific gene loci generally associated with differentiation. The current study was designed to understand further the role of proteasome inhibition in reprogramming and its ability to modulate endogenous expression of pluripotency-related genes and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) colony formation. Herein, we demonstrate that acute combinatorial treatment with the proteasome inhibitors MG101 or …


Effect Of Blueberry Extract From Blueberry Pomace On The Microencapsulated Fish Oil, Juan Li, Kevin Mis Solval, Luis Alfaro, Jie Zhang, Arranee Chotiko, Jose Luis Brandao Delgado, Alexander Chouljenko, David Bankston, Peter J. Bechtel, Subramaniam Sathivel Apr 2015

Effect Of Blueberry Extract From Blueberry Pomace On The Microencapsulated Fish Oil, Juan Li, Kevin Mis Solval, Luis Alfaro, Jie Zhang, Arranee Chotiko, Jose Luis Brandao Delgado, Alexander Chouljenko, David Bankston, Peter J. Bechtel, Subramaniam Sathivel

Faculty Publications

The effect of the addition of blueberry extract (BE) obtained from blueberry pomace on lipid oxidation of pollock liver oil (PO) during microencapsulation was evaluated. An emulsion containing PO and BE (EBE) was prepared and spray dried in a pilot scale spray dryer. Thiobarbituric acids (TBARS) of EBE were lower (0.41mmol/kg oil) than that of control without BE (ENBE) (0.47mmol/kg oil). Also, TBARS value of 0.49mmol/kg oil for microencapsulated PO with BE (MBE) after spray drying was lower than that of microencapsulated PO without BE (MNBE) (0.57mmol/kg oil). MBE also had a lower TBARS value than that of MNBE after …


Spring 2015 Catalog, Lsu Press Apr 2015

Spring 2015 Catalog, Lsu Press

LSU Press Seasonal Catalogs

No abstract provided.


Artist/Philosophers: Reading Art As Philosophy And Self-Creationism, Endya Hash Apr 2015

Artist/Philosophers: Reading Art As Philosophy And Self-Creationism, Endya Hash

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Ph Dependence Of Dna Binding Of Dna Polymerase 1klenow-Like Fragments From D. Radiodurans, T. Aquaticus,And .E Coli, Katelyn Jackson Apr 2015

Ph Dependence Of Dna Binding Of Dna Polymerase 1klenow-Like Fragments From D. Radiodurans, T. Aquaticus,And .E Coli, Katelyn Jackson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Shell Matrix Protein Gene Composition In Two Marine Bivalve Species, Saxidomus Gigantea And Mytilus Trossulus., Katie Benson Apr 2015

Shell Matrix Protein Gene Composition In Two Marine Bivalve Species, Saxidomus Gigantea And Mytilus Trossulus., Katie Benson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Characterization Of A Novel Retrotransposon In New World Monkeys, Sreeja Sanampudi Apr 2015

Characterization Of A Novel Retrotransposon In New World Monkeys, Sreeja Sanampudi

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Assessing The Impacts Of Nutrient Load Reduction Scenarios On The Extent And Severity Of Hypoxia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, David Fertitta Apr 2015

Assessing The Impacts Of Nutrient Load Reduction Scenarios On The Extent And Severity Of Hypoxia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, David Fertitta

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Crematogaster Pilosa Ants As Bioindicators Of Ecosystem Marsh Health, Elliott R. Thompson Apr 2015

Crematogaster Pilosa Ants As Bioindicators Of Ecosystem Marsh Health, Elliott R. Thompson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.