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Biological Control Of Invasive Phragmites Australis Will Be Detrimental To Native P. Australis, James T. Cronin, Erik Kiviat, Laura A. Meyerson, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Warwick J. Allen Sep 2016

Biological Control Of Invasive Phragmites Australis Will Be Detrimental To Native P. Australis, James T. Cronin, Erik Kiviat, Laura A. Meyerson, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Warwick J. Allen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Response To Blossey And Casagrande: Ecological And Evolutionary Processes Make Host Specificity At The Subspecies Level Exceedingly Unlikely, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Warwick J. Allen, James T. Cronin, Erik Kiviat, Laura A. Meyerson Sep 2016

Response To Blossey And Casagrande: Ecological And Evolutionary Processes Make Host Specificity At The Subspecies Level Exceedingly Unlikely, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Warwick J. Allen, James T. Cronin, Erik Kiviat, Laura A. Meyerson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Characterization Of The Drosophila Beaf-32a And Beaf-32b Insulator Proteins, S. V. Satya Prakash Avva, Craig M. Hart Sep 2016

Characterization Of The Drosophila Beaf-32a And Beaf-32b Insulator Proteins, S. V. Satya Prakash Avva, Craig M. Hart

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Avva, Hart. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data implicate the Drosophila 32 kDa Boundary Element-Associated Factors BEAF-32A and BEAF-32B in both chromatin domain insulator element function and promoter function. They might also function as an epigenetic memory by remaining bound to mitotic chromosomes. Both proteins are made from the same gene. They differ in their N-terminal 80 amino acids, which contain single DNA-binding BED fingers. The remaining 200 amino …


Faculty Senate Newsletter, September 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College Sep 2016

Faculty Senate Newsletter, September 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

LSU Faculty Senate Publications

Message from President: Academe is not immune to the new epidemic of affiliation. Often enough, thinking people choose careers in higher education owing in part to a desire to escape the avalanche of demographic labels—race; class; gender; ethnicity; income; educational level; zip code and associated social status; favorite URLs—that rolls over individuality and buries free thinking. Academe, many hope, provides the last bastion for individual achievement. The quest for liberty, whether from imposed group identities or mass movements, is, as revolutionaries soon discover, not so easy as expected. Even dissidents want to belong to something. Surprisingly, academic folk prize affiliation …


N-Terminal Lipid Modification Is Required For The Stable Accumulation Of Cyanoq In Synechocystis Sp. Pcc 6803, Andrea D. Juneau, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker, Johnna L. Roose Sep 2016

N-Terminal Lipid Modification Is Required For The Stable Accumulation Of Cyanoq In Synechocystis Sp. Pcc 6803, Andrea D. Juneau, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker, Johnna L. Roose

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Juneau et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The CyanoQ protein has been demonstrated to be a component of cyanobacterial Photosystem II (PS II), but there exist a number of outstanding questions concerning its physical association with the complex. CyanoQ is a lipoprotein; upon cleavage of its transit peptide by Signal Peptidase II, which targets delivery of the mature protein to the thylakoid lumenal space, the N-terminal cysteinyl residue …


Multidimensional Solid-State Nmr Spectroscopy Of Plant Cell Walls, Tuo Wang, Pyae Phyo, Mei Hong Sep 2016

Multidimensional Solid-State Nmr Spectroscopy Of Plant Cell Walls, Tuo Wang, Pyae Phyo, Mei Hong

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Plant biomass has become an important source of bio-renewable energy in modern society. The molecular structure of plant cell walls is difficult to characterize by most atomic-resolution techniques due to the insoluble and disordered nature of the cell wall. Solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy is uniquely suited for studying native hydrated plant cell walls at the molecular level with chemical resolution. Significant progress has been made in the last five years to elucidate the molecular structures and interactions of cellulose and matrix polysaccharides in plant cell walls. These studies have focused on primary cell walls of growing …


Is Exposure To Macondo Oil Reflected In The Otolith Chemistry Of Marsh-Resident Fish?, Paola C. López-Duarte, F. Joel Fodrie, Olaf P. Jensen, Andrew Whitehead, Fernando Galvez, Benjamin Dubansky, Kenneth W. Able Sep 2016

Is Exposure To Macondo Oil Reflected In The Otolith Chemistry Of Marsh-Resident Fish?, Paola C. López-Duarte, F. Joel Fodrie, Olaf P. Jensen, Andrew Whitehead, Fernando Galvez, Benjamin Dubansky, Kenneth W. Able

Faculty Publications

© 2016 López-Duarte et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Genomic and physiological responses in Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) in the northern Gulf of Mexico have confirmed oil exposure of resident marsh fish following the Macondo blowout in 2010. Using these same fish, we evaluated otolith microchemistry as a method for assessing oil exposure history. Laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry was used to analyze the chemical composition of sagittal otoliths to assess …


Do Ploidy Level And Nuclear Genome Size And Latitude Of Origin Modify The Expression Of Phragmites Australis Traits And Interactions With Herbivores?, Laura A. Meyerson, James T. Cronin, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Hans Brix, Carla Lambertini, Magdalena Lučanová, Shelby Rinehart, Jan Suda, Petr Pyšek Sep 2016

Do Ploidy Level And Nuclear Genome Size And Latitude Of Origin Modify The Expression Of Phragmites Australis Traits And Interactions With Herbivores?, Laura A. Meyerson, James T. Cronin, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Hans Brix, Carla Lambertini, Magdalena Lučanová, Shelby Rinehart, Jan Suda, Petr Pyšek

Faculty Publications

© 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. We studied the relationship between genome size and ploidy level variation and plant traits for the reed grass Phragmites australis. Using a common garden approach on a global collection of populations in Aarhus, Denmark, we investigated the influence of monoploid genome size and ploidy level on the expression of P. australis growth, nutrition and herbivore-defense traits and whether monoploid genome size and ploidy level play different roles in plant trait expression. We found that both monoploid genome size and latitude of origin contributed to variation in traits that we studied for P. australis, with …


The Macroecology Of Infectious Diseases: A New Perspective On Global-Scale Drivers Of Pathogen Distributions And Impacts, Patrick R. Stephens, Sonia Altizer, Katherine F. Smith, A. Alonso Aguirre, James H. Brown, Sarah A. Budischak, James E. Byers, Tad A. Dallas, T. Jonathan Davies, John M. Drake, Vanessa O. Ezenwa, Maxwell J. Farrell, John L. Gittleman, Barbara A. Han, Shan Huang, Rebecca A. Hutchinson, Pieter Johnson, Charles L. Nunn, David Onstad, Andrew Park, Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec, John P. Schmidt, Robert Poulin Sep 2016

The Macroecology Of Infectious Diseases: A New Perspective On Global-Scale Drivers Of Pathogen Distributions And Impacts, Patrick R. Stephens, Sonia Altizer, Katherine F. Smith, A. Alonso Aguirre, James H. Brown, Sarah A. Budischak, James E. Byers, Tad A. Dallas, T. Jonathan Davies, John M. Drake, Vanessa O. Ezenwa, Maxwell J. Farrell, John L. Gittleman, Barbara A. Han, Shan Huang, Rebecca A. Hutchinson, Pieter Johnson, Charles L. Nunn, David Onstad, Andrew Park, Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec, John P. Schmidt, Robert Poulin

Faculty Publications

© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS. Identifying drivers of infectious disease patterns and impacts at the broadest scales of organisation is one of the most crucial challenges for modern science, yet answers to many fundamental questions remain elusive. These include what factors commonly facilitate transmission of pathogens to novel host species, what drives variation in immune investment among host species, and more generally what drives global patterns of parasite diversity and distribution? Here we consider how the perspectives and tools of macroecology, a field that investigates patterns and processes at broad spatial, temporal and taxonomic scales, are expanding scientific …


Host-Induced Silencing Of Fusarium Culmorum Genes Protects Wheat From Infection, Wanxin Chen, Christine Kastner, Daniela Nowara, Ely Oliveira-Garcia, Twan Rutten, Yusheng Zhao, Holger B. Deising, Jochen Kumlehn, Patrick Schweizer Sep 2016

Host-Induced Silencing Of Fusarium Culmorum Genes Protects Wheat From Infection, Wanxin Chen, Christine Kastner, Daniela Nowara, Ely Oliveira-Garcia, Twan Rutten, Yusheng Zhao, Holger B. Deising, Jochen Kumlehn, Patrick Schweizer

Faculty Publications

Plants producing antisense or double-stranded RNA molecules that target specific genes of eukaryotic pests or pathogens can become protected from their attack. This beneficial effect was also reported for plant-fungus interactions and is believed to reflect uptake of the RNAs by the fungus via an as yet unknown mechanism, followed by target gene silencing. Here we report that wheat plants pre-infected with Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) strains containing antisense sequences against target genes of the Fusarium head blight (FHB) fungus F. culmorum caused a reduction of corresponding transcript levels in the pathogen and reduced disease symptoms. Stable transgenic wheat …


Impact Of Ground-Applied Termiticides On The Above-Ground Foraging Behavior Of The Formosan Subterranean Termite, Gregg Henderson, Bal K. Gautam, Cai Wang Sep 2016

Impact Of Ground-Applied Termiticides On The Above-Ground Foraging Behavior Of The Formosan Subterranean Termite, Gregg Henderson, Bal K. Gautam, Cai Wang

Faculty Publications

We conducted a laboratory study to determine the impact of ground-applied termiticides on the above-ground foraging behavior of Coptotermes formosanus. Two concentrations (1 and 10 ppm) each of three termiticides, viz. fipronil, imidacloprid and chlorantraniliprole, were tested. After one month post-treatment (fipronil 10 ppm was run for 12 days only and all other treatments were run for one month), fipronil had the lowest percentage of survival (3%-4%) at both concentrations. Termite survival ranged from 31% to 40% in the case of imidacloprid treatments and 10 ppm chlorantraniliprole. However, 1 ppm chlorantraniliprole did not cause significant mortality compared to the controls. …


Sequence Capture Versus Restriction Site Associated Dna Sequencing For Shallow Systematics, Michael G. Harvey, Brian Tilston Smith, Travis C. Glenn, Brant C. Faircloth, Robb T. Brumfield Sep 2016

Sequence Capture Versus Restriction Site Associated Dna Sequencing For Shallow Systematics, Michael G. Harvey, Brian Tilston Smith, Travis C. Glenn, Brant C. Faircloth, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Author(s). Sequence capture and restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) are two genomic enrichment strategies for applying next-generation sequencing technologies to systematics studies. At shallow timescales, such as within species, RAD-Seq has been widely adopted among researchers, although there has been little discussion of the potential limitations and benefits of RAD-Seq and sequence capture. We discuss a series of issues that may impact the utility of sequence capture and RAD-Seq data for shallow systematics in non-model species. We review prior studies that used both methods, and investigate differences between the methods by re-analyzing existing RAD-Seq and sequence …


Population Genetic Structure Of Apple Scab (Venturia Inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter) In Iran, Leila Ebrahimi, Khalil Berdi Fotuhifar, Mohammad Javan Nikkhah, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, Niranjan Baisakh Sep 2016

Population Genetic Structure Of Apple Scab (Venturia Inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter) In Iran, Leila Ebrahimi, Khalil Berdi Fotuhifar, Mohammad Javan Nikkhah, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, Niranjan Baisakh

Faculty Publications

The population genetic structure of 278 Venturia inaequalis isolates, collected from different apple cultivars of eighteen different provinces in Iran, was investigated using 22 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Analysis of molecular variation, Bayesian clustering and Nei's genetic distance analyses based on 88 microsatellite alleles indicated substantial levels of gene flow among the collection sites. Ninety three percent of the variation was observed among the individuals within the populations and only 7% variation was observed among the populations. Structure analysis grouped the isolates into two populations. Maximum number of pathogen genotypes (44) was observed in the North of Iran that grows various …


Uranium Isotope Fractionation During Coprecipitation With Aragonite And Calcite, Xinming Chen, Stephen J. Romaniello, Achim D. Herrmann, Laura E. Wasylenki, Ariel D. Anbar Sep 2016

Uranium Isotope Fractionation During Coprecipitation With Aragonite And Calcite, Xinming Chen, Stephen J. Romaniello, Achim D. Herrmann, Laura E. Wasylenki, Ariel D. Anbar

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Natural variations in 238U/235U of marine calcium carbonates might provide a useful way of constraining redox conditions of ancient environments. In order to evaluate the reliability of this proxy, we conducted aragonite and calcite coprecipitation experiments at pH ~7.5 and ~8.5 to study possible U isotope fractionation during incorporation into these minerals.Small but significant U isotope fractionation was observed in aragonite experiments at pH ~8.5, with heavier U isotopes preferentially enriched in the solid phase. 238U/235U of dissolved U in these experiments can be fit by Rayleigh fractionation curves with fractionation factors of 1.00007 + 0.00002/-0.00003, …


Self-Healing Composite Of Thermoset Polymer And Programmed Super Contraction Fibers, Guoqiang Li, Harper Meng Aug 2016

Self-Healing Composite Of Thermoset Polymer And Programmed Super Contraction Fibers, Guoqiang Li, Harper Meng

College of Engineering Patents

A composition comprising thermoset polymer, shape memory polymer to facilitate macro scale damage closure, and a thermoplastic polymer for molecular scale healing is disclosed; the composition has the ability to resolve structural defects by a bio-mimetic close-then heal process. In use, the shape memory polymer serves to bring surfaces of a structural defect into approximation, whereafter use of the thermoplastic polymer for molecular scale healing allowed for movement of the thermoplastic polymer into the defect and thus obtain molecular scale healing. The thermoplastic can be fibers, particles or spheres which are used by heating to a level at or above …


Self-Healing Composite Of Thermoset Polymer And Programmed Super Contraction Fibers, Guoqiang Li, Harper Meng Aug 2016

Self-Healing Composite Of Thermoset Polymer And Programmed Super Contraction Fibers, Guoqiang Li, Harper Meng

College of Engineering Patents

A composition comprising thermoset polymer, shape memory polymer to facilitate macro scale damage closure, and a thermoplastic polymer for molecular scale healing is disclosed; the composition has the ability to resolve structural defects by a bio-mimetic close-then heal process. In use, the shape memory polymer serves to bring surfaces of a structural defect into approximation, whereafter use of the thermoplastic polymer for molecular scale healing allowed for movement of the thermoplastic polymer into the defect and thus obtain molecular scale healing. The thermoplastic can be fibers, particles or spheres which are used by heating to a level at or above …


Crystal Structure Of Carboxyltransferase From Staphylococcus Aureus Bound To The Antibacterial Agent Moiramide B, Molly A. Silvers, Svetlana Pakhomova, David B. Neau, William C. Silvers, Nicholas Anzalone, Carol M. Taylor, Grover L. Waldrop Aug 2016

Crystal Structure Of Carboxyltransferase From Staphylococcus Aureus Bound To The Antibacterial Agent Moiramide B, Molly A. Silvers, Svetlana Pakhomova, David B. Neau, William C. Silvers, Nicholas Anzalone, Carol M. Taylor, Grover L. Waldrop

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Chemical Society. The dramatic increase in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has necessitated a search for new antibacterial agents against novel targets. Moiramide B is a natural product, broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the carboxyltransferase component of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which catalyzes the first committed step in fatty acid synthesis. Herein, we report the 2.6 Å resolution crystal structure of moiramide B bound to carboxyltransferase. An unanticipated but significant finding was that moiramide B bound as the enol/enolate. Crystallographic studies demonstrate that the (4S)-methyl succinimide moiety interacts with the oxyanion holes of the enzyme, supporting the notion that an …


Stability And Controlled Release Of Lutein Loaded In Zein Nanoparticles With And Without Lecithin And Pluronic F127 Surfactants, Thanida Chuacharoen, Cristina M. Sabliov Aug 2016

Stability And Controlled Release Of Lutein Loaded In Zein Nanoparticles With And Without Lecithin And Pluronic F127 Surfactants, Thanida Chuacharoen, Cristina M. Sabliov

Faculty Publications

The ability of zein nanoparticles, made with and without surfactants, to protect lutein from oxidation and to control its release was studied under various conditions. A combination of lecithin and pluronic F127 as surfactants was used to promote physicochemical stability of the nanoparticles and entrapped bioactives. Surfactant use resulted in an increased size, improved polydispersity index, decreased zeta potential, and improved entrapment efficiency. A two-phase lutein release profile was observed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) that consisted of an initial-burst release at 24 h, decreased in the presence of surfactants, followed by a gradual zero-order release profile for both systems. Lutein …


Five Years Later: An Update On The Status Of Collections Of Endemic Gulf Of Mexico Fishes Put At Risk By The 2010 Oil Spill, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Glynn A. O'Neill, Brannon Hardy, Brandon Ballengee Aug 2016

Five Years Later: An Update On The Status Of Collections Of Endemic Gulf Of Mexico Fishes Put At Risk By The 2010 Oil Spill, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Glynn A. O'Neill, Brannon Hardy, Brandon Ballengee

Faculty Publications

© Chakrabarty P et al. Background The 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill took place over 180,000 square kilometers during a 12- week period over five years ago; however, this event continues to influence the development and distribution of organisms in and around the region of the disaster. Here we examine fish species that may have been most affected by noting their past distribution in the region of the spill and examining data of known collecting events over the last 10 years (five years prior to the spill, five years post spill). New information We found that more than half …


Loss Of Oncostatin M Signaling In Adipocytes Induces Insulin Resistance And Adipose Tissue Inflammation In Vivo∗, Carrie M. Elks, Peng Zha, Ryan W. Grant, Hardy Hang, Jennifer L. Bailey, David H. Burk, Margaret A. Mcnulty, Randall L. Mynatt, Jacqueline M. Stephens Aug 2016

Loss Of Oncostatin M Signaling In Adipocytes Induces Insulin Resistance And Adipose Tissue Inflammation In Vivo∗, Carrie M. Elks, Peng Zha, Ryan W. Grant, Hardy Hang, Jennifer L. Bailey, David H. Burk, Margaret A. Mcnulty, Randall L. Mynatt, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

© 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Oncostatin M (OSM) is a multifunctional gp130 cytokine. Although OSM is produced in adipose tissue, it is not produced by adipocytes. OSM expression is significantly induced in adipose tissue from obese mice and humans. The OSM-specific receptor, OSM receptor ô (OSMR), is expressed in adipocytes, but its function remains largely unknown. To better understand the effects of OSM in adipose tissue, we knocked down Osmr expression in adipocytes in vitro using siRNA. In vivo, we generated a mouse line lacking Osmr in adiponectin-expressing cells (OSMRFKO mice). The effects …


Structural Polymorphism Of Alzheimer's Β-Amyloid Fibrils As Controlled By An E22 Switch: A Solid-State Nmr Study, Matthew R. Elkins, Tuo Wang, Mimi Nick, Hyunil Jo, Thomas Lemmin, Stanley B. Prusiner, William F. Degrado, Jan Stöhr, Mei Hong Aug 2016

Structural Polymorphism Of Alzheimer's Β-Amyloid Fibrils As Controlled By An E22 Switch: A Solid-State Nmr Study, Matthew R. Elkins, Tuo Wang, Mimi Nick, Hyunil Jo, Thomas Lemmin, Stanley B. Prusiner, William F. Degrado, Jan Stöhr, Mei Hong

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Chemical Society. The amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide of Alzheimer's disease (AD) forms polymorphic fibrils on the micrometer and molecular scales. Various fibril growth conditions have been identified to cause polymorphism, but the intrinsic amino acid sequence basis for this polymorphism has been unclear. Several single-site mutations in the center of the Aβ sequence cause different disease phenotypes and fibrillization properties. The E22G (Arctic) mutant is found in familial AD and forms protofibrils more rapidly than wild-type Aβ. Here, we use solid-state NMR spectroscopy to investigate the structure, dynamics, hydration and morphology of Arctic E22G Aβ40 fibrils. 13C, 15N-labeled …


Copper(Ii) Ions Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 Dynamics In Key Structural Regions That Govern Stability, Joel C. Bucci, Morten Beck Trelle, Carlee S. Mcclintock, Tihami Qureshi, Thomas J.D. Jørgensen, Cynthia B. Peterson Aug 2016

Copper(Ii) Ions Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 Dynamics In Key Structural Regions That Govern Stability, Joel C. Bucci, Morten Beck Trelle, Carlee S. Mcclintock, Tihami Qureshi, Thomas J.D. Jørgensen, Cynthia B. Peterson

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Chemical Society. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) regulates the fibrinolysis pathway by inhibiting the protease activity of plasminogen activators. PAI-1 works in concert with vitronectin (VN), an extracellular protein that aids in localization of active PAI-1 to tissues. The Peterson laboratory demonstrated that Cu(II) and other transition metals modulate the stability of PAI-1, exhibiting effects that are dependent on the presence or absence of the somatomedin B (SMB) domain of VN. The study presented here dissects the changes in molecular dynamics underlying the destabilizing effects of Cu(II) on PAI-1. We utilize backbone amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange monitored …


Ammonia Binding In The Second Coordination Sphere Of The Oxygen-Evolving Complex Of Photosystem Ii, David J. Vinyard, Mikhail Askerka, Richard J. Debus, Victor S. Batista, Gary W. Brudvig Aug 2016

Ammonia Binding In The Second Coordination Sphere Of The Oxygen-Evolving Complex Of Photosystem Ii, David J. Vinyard, Mikhail Askerka, Richard J. Debus, Victor S. Batista, Gary W. Brudvig

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Chemical Society. Ammonia binds to two sites in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of Photosystem II (PSII). The first is as a terminal ligand to Mn in the S2 state, and the second is at a site outside the OEC that is competitive with chloride. Binding of ammonia in this latter secondary site results in the S2 state S = 5/2 spin isomer being favored over the S = 1/2 spin isomer. Using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we find that ammonia binds to the secondary site in wild-type Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 PSII, but not in D2-K317A mutated …


Modeling Pco2 Variability In The Gulf Of Mexico, Zuo Xue, Ruoying He, Katja Fennel, Wei Jun Cai, Steven Lohrenz, Wei Jen Huang, Hanqin Tian, Wei Ren, Zhengchen Zang Aug 2016

Modeling Pco2 Variability In The Gulf Of Mexico, Zuo Xue, Ruoying He, Katja Fennel, Wei Jun Cai, Steven Lohrenz, Wei Jen Huang, Hanqin Tian, Wei Ren, Zhengchen Zang

Faculty Publications

A three-dimensional coupled physical-biogeochemical model was used to simulate and examine temporal and spatial variability of sea surface pCO2 in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). The model was driven by realistic atmospheric forcing, open boundary conditions from a dataassimilative global ocean circulation model, and observed freshwater and terrestrial nutrient and carbon input from major rivers. A 7-year model hindcast (2004-2010) was performed and validated against ship measurements. Model results revealed clear seasonality in surface pCO2 and were used to estimate carbon budgets in the Gulf. Based on the average of model simulations, the GoM was a net CO2 sink with …


Effects Of Model Physics On Hypoxia Simulations For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico: A Model Intercomparison, Katja Fennel, Arnaud Laurent, Robert Hetland, Dubravko Justić, Dong S. Ko, John Lehrter, Michael Murrell, Lixia Wang, Liuqian Yu, Wenxia Zhang Aug 2016

Effects Of Model Physics On Hypoxia Simulations For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico: A Model Intercomparison, Katja Fennel, Arnaud Laurent, Robert Hetland, Dubravko Justić, Dong S. Ko, John Lehrter, Michael Murrell, Lixia Wang, Liuqian Yu, Wenxia Zhang

Faculty Publications

A large hypoxic zone forms every summer on the Texas-Louisiana Shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico due to nutrient and freshwater inputs from the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River System. Efforts are underway to reduce the extent of hypoxic conditions through reductions in river nutrient inputs, but the response of hypoxia to such nutrient load reductions is difficult to predict because biological responses are confounded by variability in physical processes. The objective of this study is to identify the major physical model aspects that matter for hypoxia simulation and prediction. In order to do so, we compare three different circulation models (ROMS, …


In Vitro Evaluation Of Thermal Frontally Polymerized Thiol-Ene Composites As Bone Augments, Nicholas P. Totaro, Zachari D. Murphy, Abigail E. Burcham, Connor T. King, Thomas F. Scherr, Christopher O. Bounds, Vinod Dasa, John A. Pojman, Daniel J. Hayes Aug 2016

In Vitro Evaluation Of Thermal Frontally Polymerized Thiol-Ene Composites As Bone Augments, Nicholas P. Totaro, Zachari D. Murphy, Abigail E. Burcham, Connor T. King, Thomas F. Scherr, Christopher O. Bounds, Vinod Dasa, John A. Pojman, Daniel J. Hayes

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Because of the large number of total knee replacement (TKR) surgeries conducted per year, and with projections of increased demand to almost a million primary TKR surgeries per year by 2030 in the United States alone, there is a need to discover more efficient working materials as alternatives to current bone cements. There is a need for surgeons and hospitals to become more efficient and better control over the operative environment. One area of inefficiency is the cement steps during TKR. Currently the surgeon has very little control over cement polymerization. This leads to an …


A Fungal Endophyte Helps Plants To Tolerate Root Herbivory Through Changes In Gibberellin And Jasmonate Signaling, Marco Cosme, Jing Lu, Matthias Erb, Michael Joseph Stout, Philipp Franken, Susanne Wurst Aug 2016

A Fungal Endophyte Helps Plants To Tolerate Root Herbivory Through Changes In Gibberellin And Jasmonate Signaling, Marco Cosme, Jing Lu, Matthias Erb, Michael Joseph Stout, Philipp Franken, Susanne Wurst

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2016 New Phytologist Trust. Plant–microbe mutualisms can improve plant defense, but the impact of root endophytes on below-ground herbivore interactions remains unknown. We investigated the effects of the root endophyte Piriformospora indica on interactions between rice (Oryza sativa) plants and its root herbivore rice water weevil (RWW; Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus), and how plant jasmonic acid (JA) and GA regulate this tripartite interaction. Glasshouse experiments with wild-type rice and coi1-18 and Eui1-OX mutants combined with nutrient, jasmonate and gene expression analyses were used to test: whether RWW adult herbivory above ground influences subsequent damage caused …


Maternal Obesity Epigenetically Alters Visceral Fat Progenitor Cell Properties In Male Offspring Mice, Xingwei Liang, Qiyuan Yang, Xing Fu, Carl J. Rogers, Bo Wang, Hong Pan, Mei Jun Zhu, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Min Du Aug 2016

Maternal Obesity Epigenetically Alters Visceral Fat Progenitor Cell Properties In Male Offspring Mice, Xingwei Liang, Qiyuan Yang, Xing Fu, Carl J. Rogers, Bo Wang, Hong Pan, Mei Jun Zhu, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Min Du

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2016 The Physiological Society Key points: Maternal obesity reduces adipogenic progenitor density in offspring adipose tissue. The ability of adipose tissue expansion in the offspring of obese mothers is limited and is associated with metabolic dysfunction of adipose tissue when challenged with a high-fat diet. Maternal obesity induces DNA demethylation in the promoter of zinc finger protein 423, which renders progenitor cells with a high adipogenic capacity. Maternal obesity demonstrates long-term effects on the adipogenic capacity of progenitor cells in offspring adipose tissue, demonstrating a developmental programming effect. Abstract: Maternal obesity …


A Framework For Implementing Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences (Cures) In Freshman Biology Labs, Arundhati Bakshi, Lorelei E. Patrick, E. William Wischusen Aug 2016

A Framework For Implementing Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences (Cures) In Freshman Biology Labs, Arundhati Bakshi, Lorelei E. Patrick, E. William Wischusen

Faculty Publications

© 2016 National Association of Biology Teachers. All rights reserved. There have been many calls to make research experiences available to more undergraduate students. One way to do this is to provide course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs), but providing these on a scale large enough to accommodate many students can be a daunting undertaking. Indeed, other researchers have identified time to develop materials and course size as significant barriers to widespread implementation of CUREs. Based on our own experiences implementing CUREs at a large research university, we present a flexible framework that we have adapted to multiple research projects, share …


Pyrogenic Fuels Produced By Savanna Trees Can Engineer Humid Savannas, William J. Platt, Darin P. Ellair, Jean M. Huffman, Stephen E. Potts, Brian Beckage Aug 2016

Pyrogenic Fuels Produced By Savanna Trees Can Engineer Humid Savannas, William J. Platt, Darin P. Ellair, Jean M. Huffman, Stephen E. Potts, Brian Beckage

Faculty Publications

© 2016 by the Ecological Society of America. Natural fires ignited by lightning strikes following droughts frequently are posited as the ecological mechanism maintaining discontinuous tree cover and grass-dominated ground layers in savannas. Such fires, however, may not reliably maintain humid savannas. We propose that savanna trees producing pyrogenic shed leaves might engineer fire characteristics, affecting ground-layer plants in ways that maintain humid savannas. We explored our hypothesis in a high-rainfall, frequently burned pine savanna in which the dominant tree, longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), produces resinous needles that become highly flammable when shed and dried. We postulated that pyrogenic needles …