Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Louisiana State University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 4351 - 4380 of 13618

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Stat5-Interacting Proteins: A Synopsis Of Proteins That Regulate Stat5 Activity, Ashley A. Able, Jasmine A. Burrell, Jacqueline M. Stephens Mar 2017

Stat5-Interacting Proteins: A Synopsis Of Proteins That Regulate Stat5 Activity, Ashley A. Able, Jasmine A. Burrell, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

© 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STATs) are key components of the JAK/STAT pathway. Of the seven STATs, STAT5A and STAT5B are of particular interest for their critical roles in cellular differentiation, adipogenesis, oncogenesis, and immune function. The interactions of STAT5A and STAT5B with cytokine/hormone receptors, nuclear receptors, transcriptional regulators, proto-oncogenes, kinases, and phosphatases all contribute to modulating STAT5 activity. Among these STAT5 interacting proteins, some serve as coactivators or corepressors to regulate STAT5 transcriptional activity and some proteins can interact with STAT5 to enhance or repress STAT5 signaling. In addition, …

Go to article

Factors Affecting The Ovarian Response To A Combined Estradiol-Sulpiride Treatment In Seasonally Anovulatory Mares, Erin L. Oberhaus, Donald L. Thompson, Carolyn K. Pham Mar 2017

Factors Affecting The Ovarian Response To A Combined Estradiol-Sulpiride Treatment In Seasonally Anovulatory Mares, Erin L. Oberhaus, Donald L. Thompson, Carolyn K. Pham

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Twenty-three seasonally anovulatory mares, housed at two separate farms, were treated with 50 mg of estradiol cypionate (ECP) and 3 g of sulpiride in January to study factors that contributed to success of the treatment (response = ovulation within 28 days). Every other day, blood samples and pretreatment secretagogue challenges were used to characterize prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), insulin-like growth factor-I, leptin, and insulin concentrations. Ovaries of each mare were scanned via ultrasound regularly until detection of a 32–35 mm follicle, at which time the mare was artificially inseminated. Prolactin was stimulated in all treated mares …

Go to article

Why The Short Face? Developmental Disintegration Of The Neurocranium Drives Convergent Evolution In Neotropical Electric Fishes, Kory M. Evans, Brandon Waltz, Victor Tagliacollo, Prosanta Chakrabarty, James S. Albert Mar 2017

Why The Short Face? Developmental Disintegration Of The Neurocranium Drives Convergent Evolution In Neotropical Electric Fishes, Kory M. Evans, Brandon Waltz, Victor Tagliacollo, Prosanta Chakrabarty, James S. Albert

Faculty Publications

© 2017 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Convergent evolution is widely viewed as strong evidence for the influence of natural selection on the origin of phenotypic design. However, the emerging evo-devo synthesis has highlighted other processes that may bias and direct phenotypic evolution in the presence of environmental and genetic variation. Developmental biases on the production of phenotypic variation may channel the evolution of convergent forms by limiting the range of phenotypes produced during ontogeny. Here, we study the evolution and convergence of brachycephalic and dolichocephalic skull shapes among 133 species of Neotropical …

Go to article

Song Evolution, Speciation, And Vocal Learning In Passerine Birds, Nicholas A. Mason, Kevin J. Burns, Joseph A. Tobias, Santiago Claramunt, Nathalie Seddon, Elizabeth P. Derryberry Mar 2017

Song Evolution, Speciation, And Vocal Learning In Passerine Birds, Nicholas A. Mason, Kevin J. Burns, Joseph A. Tobias, Santiago Claramunt, Nathalie Seddon, Elizabeth P. Derryberry

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Author(s). Evolution © 2016 The Society for the Study of Evolution. Phenotypic divergence can promote reproductive isolation and speciation, suggesting a possible link between rates of phenotypic evolution and the tempo of speciation at multiple evolutionary scales. To date, most macroevolutionary studies of diversification have focused on morphological traits, whereas behavioral traits─including vocal signals─are rarely considered. Thus, although behavioral traits often mediate mate choice and gene flow, we have a limited understanding of how behavioral evolution contributes to diversification. Furthermore, the developmental mode by which behavioral traits are acquired may affect rates of behavioral evolution, although this …

Go to article

Caenorhabditis Elegans Rig-I Homolog Mediates Antiviral Rna Interference Downstream Of Dicer-Dependent Biogenesis Of Viral Small Interfering Rnas, Stephanie R. Coffman, Jinfeng Lu, Xunyang Guo, Jing Zhong, Hongshan Jiang, Gina Broitman-Maduro, Wan Xiang Li, Rui Lu, Morris Maduro, Shou Wei Ding Mar 2017

Caenorhabditis Elegans Rig-I Homolog Mediates Antiviral Rna Interference Downstream Of Dicer-Dependent Biogenesis Of Viral Small Interfering Rnas, Stephanie R. Coffman, Jinfeng Lu, Xunyang Guo, Jing Zhong, Hongshan Jiang, Gina Broitman-Maduro, Wan Xiang Li, Rui Lu, Morris Maduro, Shou Wei Ding

Faculty Publications

© 2017 Coffman et al. Dicer enzymes process virus-specific double-stranded RNA (ds RNA) into small interfering RNAs (si RNAs) to initiate specific antiviral defense by related RNA interference (RNAi) pathways in plants, insects, nematodes, and mammals. Antiviral RNAi in Caenorhabditis elegans requires Dicer-related helicase 1 (DRH-1), not found in plants and insects but highly homologous to mammalian retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), intracellular viral RNA sensors that trigger innate immunity against RNA virus infection. However, it remains unclear if DRH-1 acts analogously to initiate antiviral RNAi in C. elegans. Here, we performed a forward genetic screen to characterize …

Go to article

Experimentally Reducing Corticosterone Mitigates Rapid Captivity Effects On Behavior, But Not Body Composition, In A Wild Bird, Christine R. Lattin, Anita V. Pechenenko, Richard E. Carson Mar 2017

Experimentally Reducing Corticosterone Mitigates Rapid Captivity Effects On Behavior, But Not Body Composition, In A Wild Bird, Christine R. Lattin, Anita V. Pechenenko, Richard E. Carson

Faculty Publications

© 2017 Elsevier Inc. Wild animals and captives display physiological and behavioral differences, and it has been hypothesized, but rarely tested, that these differences are caused by sustained elevation of the hormone corticosterone. We used repeated computed tomography (CT) imaging to examine body composition changes in breeding male and female wild house sparrows (Passer domesticus; n = 20) in response to two weeks of captivity, and assessed behavioral changes using video recordings. Half of the birds received the drug mitotane, which significantly decreased stress-induced corticosterone titers compared to controls. Based on the CT images, fat volumes increased, and pectoralis muscle …

Go to article

Yeast Hmo1: Linker Histone Reinvented, Arvind Panday, Anne Grove Mar 2017

Yeast Hmo1: Linker Histone Reinvented, Arvind Panday, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Eukaryotic genomes are packaged in chromatin. The higher-order organization of nucleosome core particles is controlled by the association of the intervening linker DNA with either the linker histone H1 or high mobility group box (HMGB) proteins. While H1 is thought to stabilize the nucleosome by preventing DNA unwrapping, the DNA bending imposed by HMGB may propagate to the nucleosome to destabilize chromatin. For metazoan H1, chromatin compaction requires its lysine-rich C-terminal domain, a domain that is buried between globular domains in the previously characterized yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae linker histone Hho1p. Here, …

Go to article

Relationship Of Neuropeptide Ff Receptors With Pubertal Maturation Of Gilts, Jennifer F. Thorson, Neely L. Heidorn, Vitaly Ryu, Krzysztof Czaja, Danny J. Nonneman, C. Richard Barb, Gary J. Hausman, Gary A. Rohrer, Ligia D. Prezotto, Richard B. Mccosh, Elane C. Wright, Brett R. White, Bradley A. Freking, William T. Oliver, Stanley M. Hileman, Clay A. Lents Mar 2017

Relationship Of Neuropeptide Ff Receptors With Pubertal Maturation Of Gilts, Jennifer F. Thorson, Neely L. Heidorn, Vitaly Ryu, Krzysztof Czaja, Danny J. Nonneman, C. Richard Barb, Gary J. Hausman, Gary A. Rohrer, Ligia D. Prezotto, Richard B. Mccosh, Elane C. Wright, Brett R. White, Bradley A. Freking, William T. Oliver, Stanley M. Hileman, Clay A. Lents

Faculty Publications

Mechanisms governing the timing of puberty in pigs are poorly understood. A genome-wide association study for age at first estrus in pigs identified candidate genes including neuropeptide FF receptor 2 (NPFFR2), which is a putative receptor for RFamide-related peptides (RFRP). RFRP has been shown to negatively regulate secretion of reproductive hormones from hypothalamic and pituitary tissue of pigs in culture. Here, the porcine NPFFR2 gene was further screened and four potentially functional variants were identified to be associated with age at first estrus in pigs (1,288 gilts). The RFRP neurons in the porcine hypothalamus were localized in the paraventricular and …

Go to article

Influence Of Varroa Mite (Varroa Destructor) Management Practices On Insecticide Sensitivity In The Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera), Frank D. Rinkevich, Robert G. Danka, Kristen B. Healy Mar 2017

Influence Of Varroa Mite (Varroa Destructor) Management Practices On Insecticide Sensitivity In The Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera), Frank D. Rinkevich, Robert G. Danka, Kristen B. Healy

Faculty Publications

Since Varroa mites may cause devastating losses of honey bees through direct feeding, transmitting diseases, and increasing pathogen susceptibility, chemical and mechanical practices commonly are used to reduce mite infestation. While miticide applications are typically the most consistent and efficacious Varroa mite management method, miticide-induced insecticide synergism in honey bees, and the evolution of resistance in Varroa mites are reasonable concerns. We treated colonies with the miticide amitraz (Apivar®), used IPM practices, or left some colonies untreated, and then measured the effect of different levels of mite infestations on the sensitivity of bees to phenothrin, amitraz, and clothianidin. Sensitivity to …

Go to article

Dynamic Changes In Death Cues Modulate Risks And Rewards Of Corpse Management In A Social Insect, Qian Sun, Kenneth F. Haynes, Xuguo Zhou Mar 2017

Dynamic Changes In Death Cues Modulate Risks And Rewards Of Corpse Management In A Social Insect, Qian Sun, Kenneth F. Haynes, Xuguo Zhou

Faculty Publications

In social insects, the efficiency of exploitation of resources and colony defence are mediated by chemical communication. In colonies dependent on nutritionally limited resources, corpses represent both a food resource and a risk of pathogens. Because this risk vs. reward changes with time after death, behavioural plasticity in the response to corpses would be advantageous. How social insects regulate this trade-off remains unknown. We conducted quantitative behavioural bioassay and chemical analysis to study corpse management in the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes. We hypothesized that R. flavipes responds differently towards corpses with prolonged post-mortem time, and this behavioural plasticity is …

Go to article

Coordinated Dispersal And Pre-Isthmian Assembly Of The Central American Ichthyofauna, Victor A. Tagliacollo, Scott M. Duke-Sylvester, Wilfredo A. Matamoros, Prosanta Chakrabarty, James S. Albert Mar 2017

Coordinated Dispersal And Pre-Isthmian Assembly Of The Central American Ichthyofauna, Victor A. Tagliacollo, Scott M. Duke-Sylvester, Wilfredo A. Matamoros, Prosanta Chakrabarty, James S. Albert

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. We document patterns of coordinated dispersal over evolutionary time frames in heroine cichlids and poeciliine live-bearers, the two most species-rich clades of freshwater fishes in the Caribbean basin. Observed dispersal rate (DO) values were estimated from time-calibrated molecular phylogenies in LAGRANGE+, a modified version of the ML-based parametric biogeographic program LAGRANGE. DO is measured in units of "wallaces" (wa) as the number of biogeographic range-expansion events per million years. DO estimates were generated on a dynamic paleogeographic landscape of five areas over three …

Go to article

Niche Evolution And Diversification In A Neotropical Radiation Of Birds (Aves: Furnariidae), Glenn F. Seeholzer, Santiago Claramunt, Robb T. Brumfield Mar 2017

Niche Evolution And Diversification In A Neotropical Radiation Of Birds (Aves: Furnariidae), Glenn F. Seeholzer, Santiago Claramunt, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

© 2017 The Author(s). Evolution © 2017 The Society for the Study of Evolution. Rapid diversification may be caused by ecological adaptive radiation via niche divergence. In this model, speciation is coupled with niche divergence and lineage diversification is predicted to be correlated with rates of niche evolution. Studies of the role of niche evolution in diversification have generally focused on ecomorphological diversification but climatic-niche evolution may also be important. We tested these alternatives using a phylogeny of 298 species of ovenbirds (Aves: Furnariidae). We found that within Furnariidae, variation in species richness and diversification rates of subclades were best …

Go to article

What Is Physics? The Individual And The Universal, And Seeing Past The Noise, A. R.P. Rau Mar 2017

What Is Physics? The Individual And The Universal, And Seeing Past The Noise, A. R.P. Rau

Faculty Publications

Along with weaving together observations, experiments, and theoretical constructs into a coherent mesh of understanding of the world around us, physics over its past five centuries has continuously refined the base concepts on which the whole framework is built. In quantum physics, first in nonrelativistic mechanics and later in quantum field theories, even familiar concepts of position, momentum, wave, or particle, are derived constructs from the classical limit in which we live but not intrinsic to the underlying physics. Most crucially, the very idea of the individual, whether an object or an event, distinguished only in a mere label of …

Go to article

Hemolysis As A Rapid Screening Technique For Assessing The Toxicity Of Native Surfactin And A Genetically Engineered Derivative, William J. Colonna, Mustafa E. Martı, John A. Nyman, Chris Green, Charles E. Glatz Mar 2017

Hemolysis As A Rapid Screening Technique For Assessing The Toxicity Of Native Surfactin And A Genetically Engineered Derivative, William J. Colonna, Mustafa E. Martı, John A. Nyman, Chris Green, Charles E. Glatz

Faculty Publications

If biosurfactants are to achieve their promise in environmental oil-spill remediation, their toxicity to marine life must be assessed. A killifish larvae assay is commonly used as a measure of toxicity but is difficult and nonlinear in response. Red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis has also been the basis for assays of some surfactant levels. Here we present a modified sheep RBC suspension assay and compare its response to that of the fish assay for surfactin and its genetically modified variant fatty-acyl-glutamate (FA-Glu). This is the first report of hemolytic activity as a property of FA-Glu. The method's potential for screening …

Go to article

Is There A Difference Of Temperature Sensitivity Between Marine Phytoplankton And Heterotrophs?, Bingzhang Chen, Edward A. Laws Mar 2017

Is There A Difference Of Temperature Sensitivity Between Marine Phytoplankton And Heterotrophs?, Bingzhang Chen, Edward A. Laws

Faculty Publications

The temperature sensitivity of phytoplankton growth rates, parameterized as the activation energy (Ea) in the Boltzmann-Arrhenius equation, is critical to determining how global warming will affect marine ecosystems and the efficiency of the biological pump in the ocean. We applied both linear and nonlinear regression models to two laboratory temperature-growth experimental datasets to estimate the Ea of each taxon of phytoplankton and heterotrophic protists. We found that phytoplankton Ea and normalized growth rates depended strongly on community composition. Diatoms grew more rapidly and had lower Ea values, whereas cyanobacteria grew more slowly and had higher Ea values. The phytoplankton Ea …

Go to article

Viability Of Premature Selection Of Pinus Taeda L. In Diameter Breast Height In Genetic Improvement Program, Rodrigo Toledo Coutinho, João Carlos Bespalhok Filho, Roberto Fritsche Neto, Caroline Frizzo Mar 2017

Viability Of Premature Selection Of Pinus Taeda L. In Diameter Breast Height In Genetic Improvement Program, Rodrigo Toledo Coutinho, João Carlos Bespalhok Filho, Roberto Fritsche Neto, Caroline Frizzo

Faculty Publications

The superior genotypes selection of Pinus taeda L. using genetic field trials require many years, due to the rotation age of commercial plantations, which consumes a lot of financial resources. Regarding this, many researchers have put their efforts in evaluate the selection in early ages prior to the final age of rotation. The goals of this study are to estimate, at the early age of eight years and final rotation age of fifteen years, the genetic parameters and the predicted genetic gains between and within the progenies of Pinus taeda L. half-sib family, with experiments established in three distinct locations …

Go to article

Data-Driven Identification Of Potential Zika Virus Vectors, Michelle V. Evans, Tad A. Dallas, Barbara A. Han, Courtney C. Murdock, John M. Drake Feb 2017

Data-Driven Identification Of Potential Zika Virus Vectors, Michelle V. Evans, Tad A. Dallas, Barbara A. Han, Courtney C. Murdock, John M. Drake

Faculty Publications

© Evans et al. Zika is an emerging virus whose rapid spread is of great public health concern. Knowledge about transmission remains incomplete, especially concerning potential transmission in geographic areas in which it has not yet been introduced. To identify unknown vectors of Zika, we developed a data-driven model linking vector species and the Zika virus via vector-virus trait combinations that confer a propensity toward associations in an ecological network connecting flaviviruses and their mosquito vectors. Our model predicts that thirty-five species may be able to transmit the virus, seven of which are found in the continental United States, including …

Go to article

Binding Of Nitric Oxide In Cdgsh-Type [2fe-2s] Clusters Of The Human Mitochondrial Protein Miner2, Zishuo Cheng, Aaron P. Landry, Yiming Wang, Huangen Ding Feb 2017

Binding Of Nitric Oxide In Cdgsh-Type [2fe-2s] Clusters Of The Human Mitochondrial Protein Miner2, Zishuo Cheng, Aaron P. Landry, Yiming Wang, Huangen Ding

Faculty Publications

© 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Iron-sulfur proteins are among the primary targets of nitric oxide in cells. Previous studies have shown that iron-sulfur clusters hosted by cysteine residues in proteins are readily disrupted by nitric oxide forming a protein-bound dinitrosyl iron complex, thiolate-bridged di-iron tetranitrosyl complex, or octanitrosyl cluster. Here we report that human mitochondrial protein Miner2 [2Fe-2S] clusters can bind nitric oxide without disruption of the clusters. Miner2 is a member of a new CDGSH ironsulfur protein family that also includes two mitochondrial proteins: the type II diabetes-related mitoNEET and the Wolfram …

Go to article

Volcanic Soils As Sources Of Novel Co-Oxidizing Paraburkholderia And Burkholderia: Paraburkholderia Hiiakae Sp. Nov., Paraburkholderia Metrosideri Sp. Nov., Paraburkholderia Paradisi Sp. Nov., Paraburkholderia Peleae Sp. Nov., And Burkholderia Alpina Sp. Nov. A Member Of The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex, Carolyn F. Weber, Gary M. King Feb 2017

Volcanic Soils As Sources Of Novel Co-Oxidizing Paraburkholderia And Burkholderia: Paraburkholderia Hiiakae Sp. Nov., Paraburkholderia Metrosideri Sp. Nov., Paraburkholderia Paradisi Sp. Nov., Paraburkholderia Peleae Sp. Nov., And Burkholderia Alpina Sp. Nov. A Member Of The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex, Carolyn F. Weber, Gary M. King

Faculty Publications

© 2017 Weber and King. Previous studies showed that members of the Burkholderiales were important in the succession of aerobic, molybdenum-dependent CO oxidizing-bacteria on volcanic soils. During these studies, four isolates were obtained from Kilauea Volcano (Hawai'i, USA); one strain was isolated from Pico de Orizaba (Mexico) during a separate study. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the Pico de Orizaba isolate and the isolates from Kilauea Volcano were provisionally assigned to the genera Burkholderia and Paraburkholderia, respectively. Each of the isolates possessed a form I coxL gene that encoded the catalytic subunit of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH); none …

Go to article

Bacterioferritin: Structure, Dynamics, And Protein-Protein Interactions At Play In Iron Storage And Mobilization, Mario Rivera Feb 2017

Bacterioferritin: Structure, Dynamics, And Protein-Protein Interactions At Play In Iron Storage And Mobilization, Mario Rivera

Faculty Publications

© 2017 American Chemical Society. Conspectus Despite its essentiality to life, iron presents significant challenges to cells: the exceedingly low solubility of Fe3+ limits its bioavailability, and the reactivity of Fe2+ toward H2O2 is a source of the toxic hydroxyl radical (HO•). Consequently, cellular levels of free iron are highly regulated to ensure sufficiency while preventing iron-induced toxicity. Relatively little is known about the fate of iron in the bacterial cytosol or how cells balance the need for relatively high cytosolic iron concentrations with the potential toxicity of the nutrient. Iron storage proteins are integral to iron metabolism, and bacteria …

Go to article

First Evidence Of Denitrification Vis-À-Vis Monsoon In The Arabian Sea Since Late Miocene, Shubham Tripathi, Manish Tiwari, Jongmin Lee, Boo Keun Khim Feb 2017

First Evidence Of Denitrification Vis-À-Vis Monsoon In The Arabian Sea Since Late Miocene, Shubham Tripathi, Manish Tiwari, Jongmin Lee, Boo Keun Khim

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2017. In the Arabian Sea, South Asian monsoon (SAM)-induced high surface water productivity coupled with poor ventilation of intermediate water results in strong denitrification within the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Despite the significance of denitrification in the Arabian Sea, we have no long-term record of its evolution spanning the past several million years. Here, we present the first record of denitrification evolution since Late Miocene (∼10.2 Ma) in the Eastern Arabian Sea, where the SAM generates moderate surface water productivity, based on the samples retrieved during the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 355. We find that …

Go to article

Aquaculture Genomics, Genetics And Breeding In The United States: Current Status, Challenges, And Priorities For Future Research, Hisham Abdelrahman, Mohamed Elhady, Acacia Alcivar-Warren, Standish Allen, Rafet Al-Tobasei, Lisui Bao, Ben Beck, Harvey Blackburn, Brian Bosworth, John Buchanan, Jesse Chappell, William Daniels, Sheng Dong, Rex Dunham, Evan Durland, Ahmed Elaswad, Marta Gomez-Chiarri, Kamal Gosh, Ximing Guo, Perry Hackett, Terry Hanson, Dennis Hedgecock, Tiffany Howard, Leigh Holland, Molly Jackson, Yulin Jin, Karim Kahlil, Thomas Kocher, Tim Leeds, Ning Li, Lauren Lindsey, Shikai Liu, Zhanjiang Liu Feb 2017

Aquaculture Genomics, Genetics And Breeding In The United States: Current Status, Challenges, And Priorities For Future Research, Hisham Abdelrahman, Mohamed Elhady, Acacia Alcivar-Warren, Standish Allen, Rafet Al-Tobasei, Lisui Bao, Ben Beck, Harvey Blackburn, Brian Bosworth, John Buchanan, Jesse Chappell, William Daniels, Sheng Dong, Rex Dunham, Evan Durland, Ahmed Elaswad, Marta Gomez-Chiarri, Kamal Gosh, Ximing Guo, Perry Hackett, Terry Hanson, Dennis Hedgecock, Tiffany Howard, Leigh Holland, Molly Jackson, Yulin Jin, Karim Kahlil, Thomas Kocher, Tim Leeds, Ning Li, Lauren Lindsey, Shikai Liu, Zhanjiang Liu

Faculty Publications

Advancing the production efficiency and profitability of aquaculture is dependent upon the ability to utilize a diverse array of genetic resources. The ultimate goals of aquaculture genomics, genetics and breeding research are to enhance aquaculture production efficiency, sustainability, product quality, and profitability in support of the commercial sector and for the benefit of consumers. In order to achieve these goals, it is important to understand the genomic structure and organization of aquaculture species, and their genomic and phenomic variations, as well as the genetic basis of traits and their interrelationships. In addition, it is also important to understand the mechanisms …

Go to article

Localization Of Glutamatergic, Gabaergic, And Cholinergic Neurons In The Brain Of The African Cichlid Fish, Astatotilapia Burtoni, Karen P. Maruska, Julie M. Butler, Karen E. Field, Danielle T. Porter Feb 2017

Localization Of Glutamatergic, Gabaergic, And Cholinergic Neurons In The Brain Of The African Cichlid Fish, Astatotilapia Burtoni, Karen P. Maruska, Julie M. Butler, Karen E. Field, Danielle T. Porter

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Neural communication depends on release and reception of different neurotransmitters within complex circuits that ultimately mediate basic biological functions. We mapped the distribution of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the brain of the African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni using in situ hybridization to label vesicular glutamate transporters (vglut1, vglut2.1, vglut3), glutamate decarboxylases (gad1, gad2), and choline acetyltransferase (chat). Cells expressing the glutamatergic markers vgluts 1–3 show primarily nonoverlapping distribution patterns, with the most widespread expression observed for vglut2.1, and more restricted expression of vglut1 and vglut3. vglut1 is prominent in granular layers of the …

Go to article

The Secondary Resistome Of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Bimal Jana, Amy K. Cain, William T. Doerrler, Christine J. Boinett, Maria C. Fookes, Julian Parkhill, Luca Guardabassi Feb 2017

The Secondary Resistome Of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Bimal Jana, Amy K. Cain, William T. Doerrler, Christine J. Boinett, Maria C. Fookes, Julian Parkhill, Luca Guardabassi

Faculty Publications

© 2017 The Author(s). Klebsiella pneumoniae causes severe lung and bloodstream infections that are difficult to treat due to multidrug resistance. We hypothesized that antimicrobial resistance can be reversed by targeting chromosomal non-essential genes that are not responsible for acquired resistance but essential for resistant bacteria under therapeutic concentrations of antimicrobials. Conditional essentiality of individual genes to antimicrobial resistance was evaluated in an epidemic multidrug-resistant clone of K. pneumoniae (ST258). We constructed a high-density transposon mutant library of >430,000 unique Tn5 insertions and measured mutant depletion upon exposure to three clinically relevant antimicrobials (colistin, imipenem or ciprofloxacin) by Transposon Directed …

Go to article

Rapid Transcriptional Plasticity Of Duplicated Gene Clusters Enables A Clonally Reproducing Aphid To Colonise Diverse Plant Species, Thomas C. Mathers, Yazhou Chen, Gemy Kaithakottil, Fabrice Legeai, Sam T. Mugford, Patrice Baa-Puyoulet, Anthony Bretaudeau, Bernardo Clavijo, Stefano Colella, Olivier Collin, Tamas Dalmay, Thomas Derrien, Honglin Feng, Toni Gabaldón, Anna Jordan, Irene Julca, Graeme J. Kettles, Krissana Kowitwanich, Dominique Lavenier, Paolo Lenzi, Sara Lopez-Gomollon, Damian Loska, Daniel Mapleson, Florian Maumus, Simon Moxon, Daniel R.G. Price, Akiko Sugio, Manuella Van Munster, Marilyne Uzest, Darren Waite, Georg Jander, Denis Tagu, Alex C.C. Wilson Feb 2017

Rapid Transcriptional Plasticity Of Duplicated Gene Clusters Enables A Clonally Reproducing Aphid To Colonise Diverse Plant Species, Thomas C. Mathers, Yazhou Chen, Gemy Kaithakottil, Fabrice Legeai, Sam T. Mugford, Patrice Baa-Puyoulet, Anthony Bretaudeau, Bernardo Clavijo, Stefano Colella, Olivier Collin, Tamas Dalmay, Thomas Derrien, Honglin Feng, Toni Gabaldón, Anna Jordan, Irene Julca, Graeme J. Kettles, Krissana Kowitwanich, Dominique Lavenier, Paolo Lenzi, Sara Lopez-Gomollon, Damian Loska, Daniel Mapleson, Florian Maumus, Simon Moxon, Daniel R.G. Price, Akiko Sugio, Manuella Van Munster, Marilyne Uzest, Darren Waite, Georg Jander, Denis Tagu, Alex C.C. Wilson

Faculty Publications

Background: The prevailing paradigm of host-parasite evolution is that arms races lead to increasing specialisation via genetic adaptation. Insect herbivores are no exception and the majority have evolved to colonise a small number of closely related host species. Remarkably, the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, colonises plant species across 40 families and single M. persicae clonal lineages can colonise distantly related plants. This remarkable ability makes M. persicae a highly destructive pest of many important crop species. Results: To investigate the exceptional phenotypic plasticity of M. persicae, we sequenced the M. persicae genome and assessed how one clonal lineage responds …

Go to article

Synthetic Aperture Radar (Sar)-Based Paddy Rice Monitoring System: Development And Application In Key Rice Producing Areas In Tropical Asia, T. D. Setiyono, F. Holecz, N. I. Khan, M. Barbieri, E. Quicho, F. Collivignarelli, A. Maunahan, L. Gatti, G. C. Romuga Feb 2017

Synthetic Aperture Radar (Sar)-Based Paddy Rice Monitoring System: Development And Application In Key Rice Producing Areas In Tropical Asia, T. D. Setiyono, F. Holecz, N. I. Khan, M. Barbieri, E. Quicho, F. Collivignarelli, A. Maunahan, L. Gatti, G. C. Romuga

Faculty Publications

Reliable and regular rice information is essential part of many countries' national accounting process but the existing system may not be sufficient to meet the information demand in the context of food security and policy. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is highly suitable for detecting lowland paddy rice, especially in tropical region where pervasive cloud cover in the rainy seasons limits the use of optical imagery. This study uses multi-temporal X-band and C-band SAR imagery, automated image processing, rule-based classification and field observations to classify rice in multiple locations across Tropical Asia and assimilate the information into ORYZA Crop Growth …

Go to article

Energetics Of The S2 State Spin Isomers Of The Oxygen-Evolving Complex Of Photosystem Ii, David J. Vinyard, Sahr Khan, Mikhail Askerka, Victor S. Batista, Gary W. Brudvig Feb 2017

Energetics Of The S2 State Spin Isomers Of The Oxygen-Evolving Complex Of Photosystem Ii, David J. Vinyard, Sahr Khan, Mikhail Askerka, Victor S. Batista, Gary W. Brudvig

Faculty Publications

© 2017 American Chemical Society. The S2 redox intermediate of the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II is present as two spin isomers. The S = 1/2 isomer gives rise to a multiline electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal at g = 2.0, whereas the S = 5/2 isomer exhibits a broad EPR signal at g = 4.1. The electronic structures of these isomers are known, but their role in the catalytic cycle of water oxidation remains unclear. We show that formation of the S = 1/2 state from the S = 5/2 state is exergonic at temperatures above 160 K. However, …

Go to article

In Situ Probing And Synthetic Control Of Cationic Ordering In Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes, Jianqing Zhao, Wei Zhang, Ashfia Huq, Scott T. Misture, Boliang Zhang, Shengmin Guo, Lijun Wu, Yimei Zhu, Zonghai Chen, Khalil Amine, Feng Pan, Jianming Bai, Feng Wang Feb 2017

In Situ Probing And Synthetic Control Of Cationic Ordering In Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes, Jianqing Zhao, Wei Zhang, Ashfia Huq, Scott T. Misture, Boliang Zhang, Shengmin Guo, Lijun Wu, Yimei Zhu, Zonghai Chen, Khalil Amine, Feng Pan, Jianming Bai, Feng Wang

Faculty Publications

Ni-rich layered oxides (LiNi1–xMxO2; M = Co, Mn, …) are appealing alternatives to conventional LiCoO2 as cathodes in Li-ion batteries for automobile and other large-scale applications due to their high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, preparing stoichiometric LiNi1–xMxO2 with ordered layer structure and high reversible capacity, has proven difficult due to cation mixing in octahedral sites. Herein, in situ studies of synthesis reactions and the associated structural ordering in preparing LiNiO2 and the Co-substituted variant, LiNi0.8Co0.2O2, are made, to gain insights into synthetic control of the structure and electrochemical properties of Ni-rich layered oxides. Results from this study indicate …

Go to article

Distance-Dependent Measurements Of The Conductance Of Porphyrin Nanorods Studied With Conductive Probe Atomic Force Microscopy, Xianglin Zhai, Denzel Alexander, Pedro Derosa, Jayne C. Garno Feb 2017

Distance-Dependent Measurements Of The Conductance Of Porphyrin Nanorods Studied With Conductive Probe Atomic Force Microscopy, Xianglin Zhai, Denzel Alexander, Pedro Derosa, Jayne C. Garno

Faculty Publications

© 2017 American Chemical Society. Protocols for nanopatterning porphyrins on Au(111) were developed based on immersion particle lithography. Porphyrins with and without a central metal ion, 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrin (TPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrin cobalt(II) (CoTPP), were selected for study, which spontaneously formed nanorod geometries depending on concentration parameters. The elongated shapes of the nanorods offers an opportunity for successive distance-dependent conductive probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) measurements along the length of the nanorods. To prepare patterns of TPP and CoTPP nanorods, a mask of silica mesospheres was placed on gold substrates to generate nanoholes within an alkanethiol matrix film. The nanoholes prepared by …

Go to article

Excitation Wavelength Independent Visible Color Emission Of Carbon Dots, Hua Wang, Chun Sun, Xingru Chen, Yu Zhang, Vicki L. Colvin, Quinton Rice, Jaetae Seo, Shengyu Feng, Shengnian Wang, William W. Yu Feb 2017

Excitation Wavelength Independent Visible Color Emission Of Carbon Dots, Hua Wang, Chun Sun, Xingru Chen, Yu Zhang, Vicki L. Colvin, Quinton Rice, Jaetae Seo, Shengyu Feng, Shengnian Wang, William W. Yu

Faculty Publications

© 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Carbon dots (CDs) usually emit a strong blue light and excitation wavelength dependent long wavelength lights. This significantly limits their applications because one has to use a series of different excitation light sources to get different colors and the long wavelength emissions are usually very weak. We found that one type of CDs synthesized from p-phenylenediamine could emit various long wavelength lights (green to red) independent of the excitation wavelength when dispersed in different solvents. The photoluminescence quantum yields of the same CDs were 10-35% in different solvents for different color emissions. Based …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last