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Reducing Host Dna Contamination In 16s Rrna Gene Surveys Of Anthozoan Microbiomes Using Pna Clamps, Alicia M. Reigel, Sarah M. Owens, Michael E. Hellberg Oct 2020

Reducing Host Dna Contamination In 16s Rrna Gene Surveys Of Anthozoan Microbiomes Using Pna Clamps, Alicia M. Reigel, Sarah M. Owens, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

Efforts to study the microbial communities associated with corals can be limited by inefficiencies in the sequencing process due to high levels of host amplification by universal bacterial 16S rRNA gene primers. Here, we develop an inexpensive peptide nucleic acid (PNA) clamp that binds to a target sequence of host DNA during PCR and blocks amplification. We then test the ability of this PNA clamp to mitigate host contamination and increase overall microbial sequence coverage on samples from three coral species: the gorgoniansEunicea flexuosaandGorgonia ventalina,and the scleractinianPorites panamensis. The 20-bp PNA clamp was designed using DNA fromE. flexuosa. Adding the …

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Assessment Of Surface Hydrological Connectivity In An Ungauged Multi-Lake System With A Combined Approach Using Geostatistics And Spaceborne Sar Observations, Yueqing Chen, Lili Wu, Guangxin Zhang, Y. Jun Xu, Zhiqiang Tan, Sijia Qiao Oct 2020

Assessment Of Surface Hydrological Connectivity In An Ungauged Multi-Lake System With A Combined Approach Using Geostatistics And Spaceborne Sar Observations, Yueqing Chen, Lili Wu, Guangxin Zhang, Y. Jun Xu, Zhiqiang Tan, Sijia Qiao

Faculty Publications

Connectivity metrics for surface water are important for predicting floods and droughts, and improving water management for human use and ecological integrity at the landscape scale. The integrated use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations and geostatistics approach can be useful for developing and quantifying these metrics and their changes, including geostatistical connectivity function (GCF), maximum distance of connection (MDC), surface water extent (SWE), and connection frequency. In this study, we conducted a geostatistical analysis based on 52 wet and dry binary state (i.e., water and non-water) rasters derived from Sentinel-1 A/B GRD products acquired from 2015 to 2019 for …

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Breakfast Skipping And Overweight/Obesity In First Grade Primary School Children: A Nationwide Register-Based Study In Iceland, Anita Aanesen, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Linda Ernstsen Oct 2020

Breakfast Skipping And Overweight/Obesity In First Grade Primary School Children: A Nationwide Register-Based Study In Iceland, Anita Aanesen, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Linda Ernstsen

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Although several studies have revealed an association between skipping breakfast and overweight (OW) or obesity (OB) in older children and adolescents, less is known about that association in younger children. The purpose of our study was to assess the association between skipping breakfast and OW/OB in children in the first grade. The sample included 4360 children (51.5% boys) aged 5.6 to 7.4 years who participated in the annual health examination in Iceland during 2016 and 2017, completed by 91% of all first graders in Iceland. Binary logistic regression analysis with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was used …

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Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines For Adults Aged 18-64 Years And Adults Aged 65 Years Or Older: An Integration Of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, And Sleep, Robert Ross, Jean Philippe Chaput, Lora M. Giangregorio, Ian Janssen, Travis J. Saunders, Michelle E. Kho, Veronica J. Poitras, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Rasha El-Kotob, Emily C. Mclaughlin, Mary Duggan, Julie Carrier, Valerie Carson, Sebastien F. Chastin, Amy E. Latimer-Cheung, Tala Chulak-Bozzer, Guy Faulkner, Stephanie M. Flood, Mary Kate Gazendam, Genevieve N. Healy, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, William Kennedy, Kirstin N. Lane, Amanda Lorbergs, Kaleigh Maclaren, Sharon Marr, Kenneth E. Powell, Ryan E. Rhodes, Amanda Ross-White, Frank Welsh, Juana Willumsen, Mark S. Tremblay Oct 2020

Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines For Adults Aged 18-64 Years And Adults Aged 65 Years Or Older: An Integration Of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, And Sleep, Robert Ross, Jean Philippe Chaput, Lora M. Giangregorio, Ian Janssen, Travis J. Saunders, Michelle E. Kho, Veronica J. Poitras, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Rasha El-Kotob, Emily C. Mclaughlin, Mary Duggan, Julie Carrier, Valerie Carson, Sebastien F. Chastin, Amy E. Latimer-Cheung, Tala Chulak-Bozzer, Guy Faulkner, Stephanie M. Flood, Mary Kate Gazendam, Genevieve N. Healy, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, William Kennedy, Kirstin N. Lane, Amanda Lorbergs, Kaleigh Maclaren, Sharon Marr, Kenneth E. Powell, Ryan E. Rhodes, Amanda Ross-White, Frank Welsh, Juana Willumsen, Mark S. Tremblay

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology assembled a Consensus Panel representing national organizations, content experts, methodologists, stakeholders, and end-users and followed an established guideline development procedure to create the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18-64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep. These guidelines underscore the importance of movement behaviours across the whole 24-h day. The development process followed the strategy outlined in the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument. A large body of evidence was used to inform the guidelines including 2 de …

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Metabolic And Energetic Benefits Of Microrna-22 Inhibition, Marc Thibonnier, Christine Esau, Sujoy Ghosh, Edward Wargent, Claire Stocker Oct 2020

Metabolic And Energetic Benefits Of Microrna-22 Inhibition, Marc Thibonnier, Christine Esau, Sujoy Ghosh, Edward Wargent, Claire Stocker

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: We previously demonstrated in primary cultures of human subcutaneous adipocytes and in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity that specific microRNA-22-3p antagomirs produce a significant reduction of fat mass and an improvement of several metabolic parameters. These effects are related to the activation of target genes such as KDM3A, KDM6B, PPARA, PPARGC1B and SIRT1 involved in lipid catabolism, thermogenesis, insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We now report a dedicated study exploring over the course of 3 months the metabolic and energetic effects of subcutaneous administration of our first miR-22-3p antagomir drug candidate (APT-110) in adult …

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Exercise Training Impacts Skeletal Muscle Clock Machinery In Prediabetes, Melissa L. Erickson, H. U.I. Zhang, Jacob T. Mey, John P. Kirwan Oct 2020

Exercise Training Impacts Skeletal Muscle Clock Machinery In Prediabetes, Melissa L. Erickson, H. U.I. Zhang, Jacob T. Mey, John P. Kirwan

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Purpose Disruption of the skeletal muscle molecular clock leads to metabolic disease, whereas exercise may be restorative, leading to improvements in metabolic health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-wk exercise intervention on skeletal muscle molecular clock machinery in adults with obesity and prediabetes, and determine whether these changes were related to exercise-induced improvements in metabolic health. Methods Twenty-six adults (age, 66 ± 4.5 yr; body mass index (BMI), 34 ± 3.4 kg·m-2; fasting plasma glucose, 105 ± 15 mg·dL-1) participated in a 12-wk exercise intervention and were fully provided isoenergetic diets. Body composition …

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Evidence Summaries And Recommendations From The International Evidence-Based Guideline For The Assessment And Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle Management, Lisa J. Moran, Eliza C. Tassone, Jacqueline Boyle, Leah Brennan, Cheryce L. Harrison, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Siew Lim, Kate Marsh, Marie L. Misso, Leanne Redman, Mala Thondan, Chandrika Wijeyaratne, Rhonda Garad, Nigel K. Stepto, Helena J. Teede Oct 2020

Evidence Summaries And Recommendations From The International Evidence-Based Guideline For The Assessment And Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle Management, Lisa J. Moran, Eliza C. Tassone, Jacqueline Boyle, Leah Brennan, Cheryce L. Harrison, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Siew Lim, Kate Marsh, Marie L. Misso, Leanne Redman, Mala Thondan, Chandrika Wijeyaratne, Rhonda Garad, Nigel K. Stepto, Helena J. Teede

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Lifestyle is fundamental in chronic disease prevention and management, and it has been recommended as a first-line treatment in the Australian polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) guideline 2011. The first international evidence-based guideline on PCOS was developed in 2018, which expanded the scope and evidence in the Australian guideline. This paper summarizes the lifestyle recommendations and evidence summaries from the guideline. International multidisciplinary guideline development groups delivered the International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2018. The process followed the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II and The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and …

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International Reverse Transfer Students: A Critical Analysis Based On Field, Habitus, And Social And Cultural Capital, Yu “April” Chen, Ran Li, Linda Serra Hagedorn Oct 2020

International Reverse Transfer Students: A Critical Analysis Based On Field, Habitus, And Social And Cultural Capital, Yu “April” Chen, Ran Li, Linda Serra Hagedorn

Faculty Publications

Objective: International reverse transfer students are international students who begin their postsecondary journey at a four-year institution but subsequently transfer to a community college. In this qualitative study, we examine the lived experiences of international reverse transfers to understand the reasons for reverse-transfer and to understand the students’ learning experiences. Methods: Using a phenomenological approach, we recruited 10 international reverse transfer students attending one four-year university or one of the two community colleges. We conducted individual interviews with all participants and analyzed transcript data through Bourdieu’s sociological theory of field, habitus, and social and cultural capital. Results: We identified three …

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Gis Tool To Predict Photosynthetically Active Radiation In A Dry Valley, Dimitri Acosta, Peter T. Doran, Madeline Myers Oct 2020

Gis Tool To Predict Photosynthetically Active Radiation In A Dry Valley, Dimitri Acosta, Peter T. Doran, Madeline Myers

Faculty Publications

© Antarctic Science Ltd 2020 Understanding primary productivity is a core research area of the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Network. This study presents the development of the GIS-based Topographic Solar Photosynthetically Active Radiation (T-sPAR) toolbox for Taylor Valley. It maps surface photosynthetically active radiation using four meteorological stations with ∼20 years of data. T-sPAR estimates were validated with ground-truth data collected at Taylor Valley's major lakes during the 2014-15 and 2015-16 field seasons. The average daily error ranges from 0.13 mol photons m-2 day-1 (0.6%) at Lake Fryxell to 3.8 mol photons m-2 day-1 (5.8%) at Lake Hoare. …

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Loss Of Ulk1 Attenuates Cholesterogenic Gene Expression In Mammalian Hepatic Cells, Sangam Rajak, Liliana F. Iannucci, Jin Zhou, B. Anjum, Nelson George, Brijesh K. Singh, Sujoy Ghosh, Paul M. Yen, Rohit A. Sinha Sep 2020

Loss Of Ulk1 Attenuates Cholesterogenic Gene Expression In Mammalian Hepatic Cells, Sangam Rajak, Liliana F. Iannucci, Jin Zhou, B. Anjum, Nelson George, Brijesh K. Singh, Sujoy Ghosh, Paul M. Yen, Rohit A. Sinha

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The hepatic mevalonate (MVA) pathway, responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis, is a therapeutically important metabolic pathway in clinical medicine. Using an unbiased transcriptomics approach, we uncover a novel role of Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) in regulating the expression of the hepatic de novo cholesterol biosynthesis/MVA pathway genes. Genetic silencing of ULK1 in non-starved mouse (AML-12) and human (HepG2) hepatic cells as well as in mouse liver followed by transcriptome and pathway analysis revealed that the loss of ULK1 expression led to significant down-regulation of genes involved in the MVA/cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. At a mechanistic level, loss of ULK1 …

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177Lu-Labeled Eu-Doped Mesoporous Sio2Nanoparticles As A Theranostic Radiopharmaceutical For Colorectal Cancer, Rodrigo Da Silva Viana, Luciana Amaral De Mescana Costa, Ashlyn C. Harmon, Manoel Adrião Gomes Filho, Eduardo H.L. Falcão, Maria G.H. Vicente, Severino A. Junior, J. Michael Mathis Sep 2020

177Lu-Labeled Eu-Doped Mesoporous Sio2Nanoparticles As A Theranostic Radiopharmaceutical For Colorectal Cancer, Rodrigo Da Silva Viana, Luciana Amaral De Mescana Costa, Ashlyn C. Harmon, Manoel Adrião Gomes Filho, Eduardo H.L. Falcão, Maria G.H. Vicente, Severino A. Junior, J. Michael Mathis

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. Colorectal cancer is one of the most significant types of cancer, ranking second in the world's mortality cases. As colorectal cancer is often diagnosed at a late stage of disease progression, effective treatments are necessary. Therefore, radiotherapy has become a fundamental approach in the treatment of colorectal cancer, especially those based on the use of 177Lu. A potential approach to meet this challenge is the use of nanotechnology through the development of radionuclide-based nanomaterials. In this work, we investigated a SiO2-derived class of nanomaterials formed by the insertion of the coordination complex, based on …

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Real-Time Time-Dependent Electronic Structure Theory, Xiaosong Li, Niranjan Govind, Christine Isborn, A. Eugene Deprince, Kenneth Lopata Sep 2020

Real-Time Time-Dependent Electronic Structure Theory, Xiaosong Li, Niranjan Govind, Christine Isborn, A. Eugene Deprince, Kenneth Lopata

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. Real-time electronic structure methods provide an unprecedented view of electron dynamics and ultrafast spectroscopy on the atto- and femtosecond time scale with vast potential to yield new insights into the electronic behavior of molecules and materials. In this Review, we discuss the fundamental theory underlying various real-time electronic structure methods as well as advantages and disadvantages of each. We give an overview of the numerical techniques that are widely used for real-time propagation of the quantum electron dynamics with an emphasis on Gaussian basis set methods. We also showcase many of the chemical applications …

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Low Aflatoxin Levels In Aspergillus Flavus-Resistant Maize Are Correlated With Increased Corn Earworm Damage And Enhanced Seed Fumonisin, Subbaiah Chalivendra, Fangneng Huang, Mark Busman, W. Paul Williams, Jong Hyun Ham Sep 2020

Low Aflatoxin Levels In Aspergillus Flavus-Resistant Maize Are Correlated With Increased Corn Earworm Damage And Enhanced Seed Fumonisin, Subbaiah Chalivendra, Fangneng Huang, Mark Busman, W. Paul Williams, Jong Hyun Ham

Faculty Publications

Preharvest mycotoxin contamination of field-grown crops is influenced not only by the host genotype, but also by inoculum load, insect pressure and their confounding interactions with seasonal weather. In two different field trials, we observed a preference in the natural infestation of corn earworm (CEW; Helicoverpa zea Boddie) to specific maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes and investigated this observation. The field trials involved four maize lines with contrasting levels of resistance to Aspergillus flavus. The resistant lines had 7 to 14-fold greater infested ears than the susceptible lines. Seed aflatoxin B1 (AF) levels, in mock- and A. flavus-inoculated ears were …

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Effect Of Oxidation Level On The Interfacial Water At The Graphene Oxide-Water Interface: From Spectroscopic Signatures To Hydrogen-Bonding Environment, Rolf David, Aashish Tuladhar, Le Zhang, Christopher Arges, Revati Kumar Sep 2020

Effect Of Oxidation Level On The Interfacial Water At The Graphene Oxide-Water Interface: From Spectroscopic Signatures To Hydrogen-Bonding Environment, Rolf David, Aashish Tuladhar, Le Zhang, Christopher Arges, Revati Kumar

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. The interfacial region of the graphene oxide (GO)-water system is nonhomogenous due to the presence of two distinct domains: an oxygen-rich surface and a graphene-like region. The experimental vibrational sum-frequency generation (vSFG) spectra are distinctly different for the fully oxidized GO-water interface as compared to the reduced GO-water case. Computational investigations using ab initio molecular dynamics were performed to determine the molecular origins of the different spectroscopic features. The simulations were first validated by comparing the simulated vSFG spectra to those from the experiment, and the contributions to the spectra from different hydrogen bonding …

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Phosphoregulation Of The Cytokinetic Protein Fic1 Contributes To Fission Yeast Growth Polarity Establishment, K. Adam Bohnert, Anthony M. Rossi, Quan Wen Jin, Jun Song Chen, Kathleen L. Gould Sep 2020

Phosphoregulation Of The Cytokinetic Protein Fic1 Contributes To Fission Yeast Growth Polarity Establishment, K. Adam Bohnert, Anthony M. Rossi, Quan Wen Jin, Jun Song Chen, Kathleen L. Gould

Faculty Publications

© 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. Cellular polarization underlies many facets of cell behavior, including cell growth. The rod-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a well-established, genetically tractable system for studying growth polarity regulation. S. pombe cells elongate at their two cell tips in a cell cycle-controlled manner, transitioning from monopolar to bipolar growth in interphase when new ends established by the most recent cell division begin to extend. We previously identified cytokinesis as a critical regulator of new end growth and demonstrated that Fic1, a cytokinetic factor, is required for normal polarized growth at new ends. …

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Effect Of Oxidation Level On The Interfacial Water At The Graphene Oxide-Water Interface: From Spectroscopic Signatures To Hydrogen-Bonding Environment, Rolf David, Aashish Tuladhar, Le Zhang, Christopher Arges, Revati Kumar Sep 2020

Effect Of Oxidation Level On The Interfacial Water At The Graphene Oxide-Water Interface: From Spectroscopic Signatures To Hydrogen-Bonding Environment, Rolf David, Aashish Tuladhar, Le Zhang, Christopher Arges, Revati Kumar

Faculty Publications

The interfacial region of the graphene oxide (GO)-water system is nonhomogenous due to the presence of two distinct domains: an oxygen-rich surface and a graphene-like region. The experimental vibrational sum-frequency generation (vSFG) spectra are distinctly different for the fully oxidized GO-water interface as compared to the reduced GO-water case. Computational investigations using ab initio molecular dynamics were performed to determine the molecular origins of the different spectroscopic features. The simulations were first validated by comparing the simulated vSFG spectra to those from the experiment, and the contributions to the spectra from different hydrogen bonding environments and interfacial water orientations were …

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Point-Of-Care Devices For Therapeutic, Medical And Environmental Applications, Alisha Prasad Sep 2020

Point-Of-Care Devices For Therapeutic, Medical And Environmental Applications, Alisha Prasad

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Point-of-care testing (POCT) or Point-of-use (POU) devices or technologies are defined as testing aids that are capable for onsite use or testing. The key advantages of POCT are low sample volume, quick onsite diagnosis, high accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. POCT has the potential and the benefits to facilitate better health care management by rapid routine diagnosis and monitoring. To reach this goal, several researchers as well as the healthcare industry over a few years have conducted cutting edge research to bring science to technology by developing smart diagnostic devices capable of performing as per patient profiles and make personalized health care …

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Erratum: The Genome Sequence Of The Grape Phylloxera Provides Insights Into The Evolution, Adaptation, And Invasion Routes Of An Iconic Pest (Bmc Biology (2020) 18 (90) Doi: 10.1186/S12915-020-00820-5), Claude Rispe, Fabrice Legeai, Paul D. Nabity, Rosa Fernández, Arinder K. Arora, Patrice Baa-Puyoulet, Celeste R. Banfill, Leticia Bao, Miquel Barberà, Maryem Bouallègue, Anthony Bretaudeau, Jennifer A. Brisson, Federica Calevro, Pierre Capy, Olivier Catrice, Thomas Chertemps, Carole Couture, Laurent Delière, Angela E. Douglas, Keith Dufault-Thompson, Paula Escuer, Honglin Feng, Astrid Forneck, Toni Gabaldón, Roderic Guigó, Frédérique Hilliou, Silvia Hinojosa-Alvarez, Yi Min Hsiao, Sylvie Hudaverdian, Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly, Edward B. James, Spencer Johnston, Benjamin Joubard Sep 2020

Erratum: The Genome Sequence Of The Grape Phylloxera Provides Insights Into The Evolution, Adaptation, And Invasion Routes Of An Iconic Pest (Bmc Biology (2020) 18 (90) Doi: 10.1186/S12915-020-00820-5), Claude Rispe, Fabrice Legeai, Paul D. Nabity, Rosa Fernández, Arinder K. Arora, Patrice Baa-Puyoulet, Celeste R. Banfill, Leticia Bao, Miquel Barberà, Maryem Bouallègue, Anthony Bretaudeau, Jennifer A. Brisson, Federica Calevro, Pierre Capy, Olivier Catrice, Thomas Chertemps, Carole Couture, Laurent Delière, Angela E. Douglas, Keith Dufault-Thompson, Paula Escuer, Honglin Feng, Astrid Forneck, Toni Gabaldón, Roderic Guigó, Frédérique Hilliou, Silvia Hinojosa-Alvarez, Yi Min Hsiao, Sylvie Hudaverdian, Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly, Edward B. James, Spencer Johnston, Benjamin Joubard

Faculty Publications

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in Fig. 4. The error was made in the x-axis labels of the three panels, which were noted as “pairwise dN/dS”. The figure represents distributions of dS, so the labels were corrected as “pairwise dS”. The correct Fig. 4 is given below. (Figure Presented).

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Machine Intelligence For Nerve Conduit Design And Production, Caleb E. Stewart, Chin Fung Kelvin Kan, Brody R. Stewart, Henry W. Sanicola Iii, Jangwook P. Jung, Olawale A. R. Sulaiman, Dadong Wang Sep 2020

Machine Intelligence For Nerve Conduit Design And Production, Caleb E. Stewart, Chin Fung Kelvin Kan, Brody R. Stewart, Henry W. Sanicola Iii, Jangwook P. Jung, Olawale A. R. Sulaiman, Dadong Wang

Faculty Publications

Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have emerged from recent advances within tissue engineering as a promising alternative to autografts for peripheral nerve repair. NGCs are tubular structures with engineered biomaterials, which guide axonal regeneration from the injured proximal nerve to the distal stump. NGC design can synergistically combine multiple properties to enhance proliferation of stem and neuronal cells, improve nerve migration, attenuate inflammation and reduce scar tissue formation. The aim of most laboratories fabricating NGCs is the development of an automated process that incorporates patient-specific features and complex tissue blueprints (e.g. neurovascular conduit) that serve as the basis for more complicated …

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The Life And Death And Consequences Of Canals And Spoil Banks In Salt Marshes, R. Eugene Turner, Erick M. Swenson Sep 2020

The Life And Death And Consequences Of Canals And Spoil Banks In Salt Marshes, R. Eugene Turner, Erick M. Swenson

Faculty Publications

We describe the consequence and demise of levees (spoil banks) built from dredging canals in Louisiana salt marshes using morphometric measurements made over 30 years, soil collections on the spoil bank and in the salt marshes behind, and complementary observations from other areas. These measurements were used to determine the temporal bounds of how long spoil banks last and if salt marsh soils remaining in salt marshes are affected. If the rates of changes in spoil bank morphology continue, then the estimated life time of the shrub-tree vegetation at a representative spoil bank is 81 years, the spoil bank width …

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Natural Environment And Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review, Robert Rohli Sep 2020

Natural Environment And Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review, Robert Rohli

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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No, You Go First: Phenotype And Social Context Affect House Sparrow Neophobia: Social Learning Can Persist In Sparrows, T. R. Kelly, M. G. Kimball, K. R. Stansberry, C. R. Lattin Sep 2020

No, You Go First: Phenotype And Social Context Affect House Sparrow Neophobia: Social Learning Can Persist In Sparrows, T. R. Kelly, M. G. Kimball, K. R. Stansberry, C. R. Lattin

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Author(s). Novel object trials are commonly used to assess aversion to novelty (neophobia), and previous work has shown neophobia can be influenced by the social environment, but whether the altered behaviour persists afterwards (social learning) is largely unknown in wild animals. We assessed house sparrow (Passer domesticus) novel object responses before, during and after being paired with a conspecific of either similar or different behavioural phenotype. During paired trials, animals housed with a similar or more neophobic partner demonstrated an increased aversion to novel objects. This change did not persist a week after unpairing, but neophobia decreased …

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Mechanisms Of Artemisia Scoparia’S Anti-Inflammatory Activity In Cultured Adipocytes, Macrophages, And Pancreatic Β-Cells, Anik Boudreau, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier, Allison J. Richard, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens Sep 2020

Mechanisms Of Artemisia Scoparia’S Anti-Inflammatory Activity In Cultured Adipocytes, Macrophages, And Pancreatic Β-Cells, Anik Boudreau, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier, Allison J. Richard, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Obesity Society Objective: An ethanolic extract of Artemisia scoparia (SCO) improves adipose tissue function and reduces negative metabolic consequences of high-fat feeding. A. scoparia has a long history of medicinal use across Asia and has anti-inflammatory effects in various cell types and disease models. The objective of the current study was to investigate SCO’s effects on inflammation in cells relevant to metabolic health. Methods: Inflammatory responses were assayed in cultured adipocytes, macrophages, and insulinoma cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and NF-κB reporter assays. Results: In tumor necrosis factor α–treated adipocytes, SCO mitigated ERK and NF-κB …

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The Cdk Inhibitor Siamese Targets Both Cdka;1 And Cdkb1 Complexes To Establish Endoreplication In Trichomes1[Open], Kai Wang, Ruth W. Ndathe, Narender Kumar, Elizabeth A. Zeringue, Naohiro Kato, John C. Larkin Sep 2020

The Cdk Inhibitor Siamese Targets Both Cdka;1 And Cdkb1 Complexes To Establish Endoreplication In Trichomes1[Open], Kai Wang, Ruth W. Ndathe, Narender Kumar, Elizabeth A. Zeringue, Naohiro Kato, John C. Larkin

Faculty Publications

© 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. Endoreplication, also known as endoreduplication, is a modified cell cycle in which DNA is replicated without subsequent cell division. Endoreplication plays important roles in both normal plant development and in stress responses. The SIAMESE (SIM) gene of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that plays a central role in establishing endoreplication, and is the founding member of the SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR) family of plant-specific CDK inhibitor genes. However, there has been conflicting evidence regarding which specific cyclin/CDK complexes are inhibited by SIM in vivo. In this work, we …

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Racial Disparities In Air Pollution Burden And Covid-19 Deaths In Louisiana, Usa, In The Context Of Long-Term Changes In Fine Particulate Pollution, Kimberly A. Terrell, Wesley James Sep 2020

Racial Disparities In Air Pollution Burden And Covid-19 Deaths In Louisiana, Usa, In The Context Of Long-Term Changes In Fine Particulate Pollution, Kimberly A. Terrell, Wesley James

Faculty Publications

Black Americans in Louisiana are disproportionately dying from COVID-19, and environmental disparities may be contributing to this injustice. While Black communities in Louisiana's industrialized regions (e.g., Cancer Alley, Calcasieu Parish) have been overburdened with pollution for decades, this disparity has not been evaluated by using recent data. Here, we explore statewide relationships among air pollution burden, race, COVID-19 death rates, and other health/socioeconomic factors. Measures of pollution burden included satellite-derived particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and health risks from toxic air pollution (i.e., respiratory hazard [RH] and immunological hazard [IH], estimated by the Environmental Protection Agency). In addition, we evaluate changes …

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Effects Of Experimental Lightgaps And Topography On Enrichment Plantings In A Central Amazonian Secondary Forest, Tony Vizcarra Bentos, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Marisangela Dos Anjos Marisangela, G. Bruce Williamson Sep 2020

Effects Of Experimental Lightgaps And Topography On Enrichment Plantings In A Central Amazonian Secondary Forest, Tony Vizcarra Bentos, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Marisangela Dos Anjos Marisangela, G. Bruce Williamson

Faculty Publications

Enrichment plantings into secondary forest are an important option in restoring species diversity and ecosystem services. However, little attention has been given to environmental requirements for species performance. This study evaluated the effects of lightgaps and topographic position on the growth and survival of four native tree species (Pouteria caimito, Garcinia macrophylla, Dipteryx odorata and Cynometra bauhiniaefolia) planted into a 26-year old secondary forest originating from abandoned pastures in the central Amazon Basin. Artificial lightgaps and control plots under closed canopy were uniformly distributed on plateaus and bottomlands near water bodies. Seedlings were planted randomly into the plots and monitored …

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Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating And Reporting Standards (Ricors 1.0): A Guide To Conducting And Reporting Human Whole-Room Calorimeter Studies, Kong Y. Chen, Steve Smith, Eric Ravussin, Jonathan Krakoff, Guy Plasqui, Shigeho Tanaka, Peter Murgatroyd, Robert Brychta, Christopher Bock, Elvis Carnero, Paul Schoffelen, Yoichi Hatamoto, Corey Rynders, Edward L. Melanson Sep 2020

Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating And Reporting Standards (Ricors 1.0): A Guide To Conducting And Reporting Human Whole-Room Calorimeter Studies, Kong Y. Chen, Steve Smith, Eric Ravussin, Jonathan Krakoff, Guy Plasqui, Shigeho Tanaka, Peter Murgatroyd, Robert Brychta, Christopher Bock, Elvis Carnero, Paul Schoffelen, Yoichi Hatamoto, Corey Rynders, Edward L. Melanson

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Whole-room indirect calorimeters have been used to study human metabolism for more than a century. These studies have contributed substantial knowledge to the assessment of nutritional needs and the regulation of energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in humans. However, comparing results from studies conducted at different sites is challenging because of a lack of consistency in reporting technical performance, study design, and results. In May 2019, an expert panel was convened to consider minimal requirements for conducting and reporting the results of human whole-room indirect calorimeter studies. We propose Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating and Reporting Standards, version 1.0 (RICORS 1.0) …

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The Design Of A Randomized Clinical Trial To Evaluate A Pragmatic And Scalable Ehealth Intervention For The Management Of Gestational Weight Gain In Low-Income Women: Protocol For The Smartmoms In Wic Trial, Emily W. Flanagan, Abby D. Altazan, Natalie R. Comardelle, L. Anne Gilmore, John W. Apolzan, Jessica St. Romain, Julie C. Hardee, Renee S. Puyau, Christy L. Mayet, Robbie A. Beyl, S. Ariel Barlow, Sarah Surber Bounds, Kelsey N. Olson, Betty M. Kennedy, Daniel S. Hsia, Leanne M. Redman Sep 2020

The Design Of A Randomized Clinical Trial To Evaluate A Pragmatic And Scalable Ehealth Intervention For The Management Of Gestational Weight Gain In Low-Income Women: Protocol For The Smartmoms In Wic Trial, Emily W. Flanagan, Abby D. Altazan, Natalie R. Comardelle, L. Anne Gilmore, John W. Apolzan, Jessica St. Romain, Julie C. Hardee, Renee S. Puyau, Christy L. Mayet, Robbie A. Beyl, S. Ariel Barlow, Sarah Surber Bounds, Kelsey N. Olson, Betty M. Kennedy, Daniel S. Hsia, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Less than one-third of women gain an appropriate amount of weight during pregnancy, which can influence the long-term health of both the mother and the child. Economically disadvantaged women are the most vulnerable to maternal obesity, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, and poor birth outcomes. Effective and scalable health care strategies to promote healthy weight gain during pregnancy specifically tailored for these women are lacking. Objective: This paper presents the design and protocol of a biphasic, community-based eHealth trial, SmartMoms in WIC, to increase the adherence to healthy gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations in low-income mothers receiving women, infant, …

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Complement In Reproductive White Adipose Tissue Characterizes The Obese Preeclamptic-Like Bph/5 Mouse Prior To And During Pregnancy, Kelsey N. Olson, Dorien Reijnders, Viviane C.L. Gomes, R. Caitlin Hebert, Chin Chi Liu, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Leanne M. Redman, Nataki C. Douglas, Jennifer L. Sones Sep 2020

Complement In Reproductive White Adipose Tissue Characterizes The Obese Preeclamptic-Like Bph/5 Mouse Prior To And During Pregnancy, Kelsey N. Olson, Dorien Reijnders, Viviane C.L. Gomes, R. Caitlin Hebert, Chin Chi Liu, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Leanne M. Redman, Nataki C. Douglas, Jennifer L. Sones

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by abnormal placental development with an unknown etiology. To better understand which women will develop PE, a number of maternal risk factors have been identified, including obesity. Visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) contains inflammatory mediators that may contribute to PE. To explore this, we utilized the blood pressure high (BPH)/5 mouse model of superimposed PE that spontaneously recapitulates the maternal PE syndrome. We hypothesized that BPH/5 visceralWAT adjacent to the female reproductive tract (reproductiveWAT) is a source of complement factors that …

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Fire As A Fundamental Ecological Process: Research Advances And Frontiers, Kendra K. Mclauchlan, Philip E. Higuera, Jessica Miesel, Brendan M. Rogers, Jennifer Schweitzer, Jacquelyn K. Shuman, Alan J. Tepley, J. Morgan Varner, Thomas T. Veblen, Solny A. Adalsteinsson, Jennifer K. Balch, Patrick Baker, Enric Batllori, Erica Bigio, Paulo Brando, Megan Cattau, Melissa L. Chipman, Janice Coen, Raelene Crandall, Lori Daniels, Neal Enright, Wendy S. Gross, Brian J. Harvey, Jeff A. Hatten, Sharon Hermann, Rebecca E. Hewitt, Leda N. Kobziar, Jennifer B. Landesmann, Michael M. Loranty, S. Yoshi Maezumi, Linda Mearns, Max Moritz, Jonathan A. Myers Sep 2020

Fire As A Fundamental Ecological Process: Research Advances And Frontiers, Kendra K. Mclauchlan, Philip E. Higuera, Jessica Miesel, Brendan M. Rogers, Jennifer Schweitzer, Jacquelyn K. Shuman, Alan J. Tepley, J. Morgan Varner, Thomas T. Veblen, Solny A. Adalsteinsson, Jennifer K. Balch, Patrick Baker, Enric Batllori, Erica Bigio, Paulo Brando, Megan Cattau, Melissa L. Chipman, Janice Coen, Raelene Crandall, Lori Daniels, Neal Enright, Wendy S. Gross, Brian J. Harvey, Jeff A. Hatten, Sharon Hermann, Rebecca E. Hewitt, Leda N. Kobziar, Jennifer B. Landesmann, Michael M. Loranty, S. Yoshi Maezumi, Linda Mearns, Max Moritz, Jonathan A. Myers

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society Fire is a powerful ecological and evolutionary force that regulates organismal traits, population sizes, species interactions, community composition, carbon and nutrient cycling and ecosystem function. It also presents a rapidly growing societal challenge, due to both increasingly destructive wildfires and fire exclusion in fire-dependent ecosystems. As an ecological process, fire integrates complex feedbacks among biological, social and geophysical processes, requiring coordination across several fields and scales of study. Here, we describe the diversity of ways in which fire operates as …

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