Digital Commons Network^™

Electrospray Deposition Of Zno Nanostructures For Nanoscale Electronic Applications, David Hooks

LSU Master's Theses

Modern technology is ever-evolving and as more emphasis is placed on faster, more sensitive electronic devices, advancements in the field of electronics are as important now as they ever have been. To meet the need for more sensitive devices, it is important to study new semiconducting materials and the applications in which they pose a potential advantage.

The field of electronic materials research falls at the intersection of physics, chemistry, materials science, and electrical engineering. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is of particular interest in modern electronic devices for its uses in sensing applications, high-powered transistors, and LED technology. ZnO has been …

Trends In Growth Modeling In Fisheries Science, Shane A. Flinn, Stephen R. Midway

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Barley Hvwrky6 Transcription Factor Is Required For Resistance Against Pyrenophora Teres F. Teres, Prabin Tamang, Jonathan K. Richards, Shyam Solanki, Gazala Ameen, Roshan Sharma Poudel, Priyanka Deka, Karl Effertz, Shaun J. Clare, Justin Hegstad, Achintya Bezbaruah, Xuehui Li, Richard D. Horsley, Timothy L. Friesen, Robert S. Brueggeman

Faculty Publications

Barley is an important cereal crop worldwide because of its use in the brewing and distilling industry. However, adequate supplies of quality malting barley are threatened by global climate change due to drought in some regions and excess precipitation in others, which facilitates epidemics caused by fungal pathogens. The disease net form net blotch caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt) has emerged as a global threat to barley production and diverse populations of Ptt have shown a capacity to overcome deployed genetic resistances. The barley line CI5791 exhibits remarkably effective resistance to diverse Ptt isolates …

Hydroperiod And Salinity Interactions Control Mangrove Root Dynamics In A Karstic Oceanic Island In The Caribbean Sea (San Andres, Colombia), Jairo Humberto Medina-Calderón, José Ernesto Mancera-Pineda, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Víctor H. Rivera-Monroy

Faculty Publications

Mangroves sustain high soil accretion and carbon sequestration rates, yet it is still unknown if they can keep pace with increasing sea level rise (SLR) across a wider range of coastal geomorphic settings. Because accretion rates are controlled by mineral sediment inputs and organic matter accumulation, it is paramount to assess the relative contribution of root productivity to soil formation. Here, we evaluated root biomass, production, and turnover in three mangrove ecotypes to evaluate the role of soil nutrient limitation, stressors, and hydroperiod in controlling root dynamics in San Andres Island (SAI), a karstic oceanic island in the Caribbean Sea. …

A Microscale Approach To Investigate Breast Cancer Cellular Communication And Migration, Sharif Mohammad Mizanur Rahman

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Metastatic breast cancer significantly decreases patient survival, with the majority of deaths caused by secondary metastasis. Cancer metastasis is a multi-step process that starts with the detachment of a cancer cell from the primary tumor and ends with establishing a secondary tumor at a distal location. This work's focus was to use an interdisciplinary microscale approach to study how cancer cells respond to neighboring cells and how they migrate in response to chemical gradients. Two distinct devices, a microfluidic device, and a 3D-printed plate insert, were developed to perform co-culture studies to elucidate the impact of ASCs on cancer cell …

A Burkholderia Thailandensis Deda Family Membrane Protein Is Required For Proton Motive Force Dependent Lipid A Modification, Pradip R. Panta, William T. Doerrler

Faculty Publications

The DedA family is a conserved membrane protein family found in most organisms. A Burkholderia thailandensis DedA family protein, named DbcA, is required for high-level colistin (polymyxin E) resistance, but the mechanism awaits elucidation. Modification of lipopolysaccharide lipid A with the cationic sugar aminoarabinose (Ara4N) is required for colistin resistance and is dependent upon protonmotive force (PMF) dependent transporters. B. thailandensis ΔdbcA lipid A contains only small amounts of Ara4N, likely leading to colistin sensitivity. Two B. thailandensis operons are required for lipid A modification with Ara4N, one needed for biosynthesis of undecaprenyl-P-Ara4N and one for transport of the lipid …

Stem Cell Factor In Combination With Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Protects The Brain From Capillary Thrombosis-Induced Ischemic Neuron Loss In A Mouse Model Of Cadasil, Suning Ping, Xuecheng Qiu, Maria E. Gonzalez-Toledo, Xiaoyun Liu, Li Ru Zhao

Faculty Publications

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarct and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a Notch3 mutation-induced cerebral small vessel disease, leading to recurrent ischemic stroke and vascular dementia. There is currently no treatment that can stop or delay CADASIL progression. We have demonstrated the efficacy of treatment with combined stem cell factor (SCF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (SCF+G-CSF) in reducing cerebral small vessel thrombosis in a TgNotch3R90C mouse model of CADASIL. However, it remains unknown whether SCF+G-CSF treatment protects neurons from microvascular thrombosis-induced ischemic damage. Using bone marrow transplantation to track thrombosis, we observed that capillary thrombosis was widely distributed in …

Resistance To Aflatoxin Accumulation In Maize Mediated By Host-Induced Gene Silencing Of Aspergillus Flavus Alkaline Protease And O-Methyltransferase-A Genes, Olanike Omotola Omolehin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Aspergillus flavus is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that infects maize and produces aflatoxins. In the current study, portions of the alkaline protease (alk) and the O-methyl transferase (omtA) genes, which are key in A. flavus virulence and aflatoxin biosynthesis, respectively, were targeted for suppression through an RNAi (RNA interference) approach known as Host-Induced Gene Silencing (HIGS). Separate RNAi vectors were designed to carry regions of the alk and omtA gene fragments (Alk-RNAi and OmtA-RNAi) and introduced into B104 maize zygotic embryos. Eight and six transformation events were positive for the alk and omtA transgene, respectively. …

Arthropods Are Not Declining But Are Responsive To Disturbance In The Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico, Timothy D. Schowalter, Manoj Pandey, Steven J. Presley, Michael R. Willig, Jess K. Zimmerman

Faculty Publications

A number of recent studies have documented long-term declines in abundances of important arthropod groups, primarily in Europe and North America. These declines are generally attributed to habitat loss, but a recent study [B.C. Lister, A. Garcia, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 115, E10397-E10406 (2018)] from the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) in Puerto Rico attributed declines to global warming. We analyze arthropod data from the LEF to evaluate long-term trends within the context of hurricane-induced disturbance, secondary succession, and temporal variation in temperature. Our analyses demonstrate that responses to hurricane-induced disturbance and ensuing succession were the primary factors that affected …

Evaluating Us Consumers' Perception Of Foods Made With Cricket Powder, Ryan Paul Ardoin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Expanding the consumption of edible insects has been proposed as a strategy for global food security due to their sustainability of production and high nutritional value. In the U.S.A., the idea of eating insects is generally unappealing. This research took a methodical approach to understanding U.S. consumers perceptions of insects as food- specifically, products made with cricket powder. Recent consumer-oriented entomophagy research (2015-2020) was reviewed to consolidate understanding of Westerners’ perceptions of edible insects and to evaluate research trends. An online survey of 1,005 U.S. consumers investigated appropriate products for insect protein powder incorporation (based on willingness to try; WTT), …

Small Molecule Inhibitors Of The Bacterioferritin (Bfrb)-Ferredoxin (Bfd) Complex Kill Biofilm-Embedded Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Cells, Anabel Soldano, Huili Yao, Achala N.D. Punchi Hewage, Kevin Meraz, Joel K. Annor-Gyamfi, Richard A. Bunce, Kevin P. Battaile, Scott Lovell, Mario Rivera

Faculty Publications

© 2020 American Chemical Society. Bacteria depend on a well-regulated iron homeostasis to survive adverse environments. A key component of the iron homeostasis machinery is the compartmentalization of Fe3+ in bacterioferritin and its subsequent mobilization as Fe2+ to satisfy metabolic requirements. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fe3+ is compartmentalized in bacterioferritin (BfrB), and its mobilization to the cytosol requires binding of a ferredoxin (Bfd) to reduce the stored Fe3+ and release the soluble Fe2+. Blocking the BfrB-Bfd complex in P. aeruginosa by deletion of the bfd gene triggers an irreversible accumulation of Fe3+ in BfrB, concomitant cytosolic iron deficiency and significant impairment …

Label-Free Lipidome Study Of Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus (Pvt) Of Rat Brain With Post-Traumatic Stress Injury By Raman Imaging, Ardalan Chaichi, Syed Mohammad Abid Hasan, Nishir Mehta, Fabrizio Donnarumma, Philip Ebenezer, Kermit K. Murray, Joseph Francis, Manas Ranjan Gartia

Faculty Publications

© 2021 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a widespread psychiatric injury that develops serious life-threatening symptoms like substance abuse, severe depression, cognitive impairments, and persistent anxiety. However, the mechanisms of post-traumatic stress injury in brain are poorly understood due to the lack of practical methods to reveal biochemical alterations in various brain regions affected by this type of injury. Here, we introduce a novel method that provides quantitative results from Raman maps in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) region. By means of this approach, we have shown a lipidome comparison in PVT regions …

The Tensile Root Strength Of Spartina Patens Declines With Exposure To Multiple Stressors, R. Eugene Turner, Lauris O. Hollis

Faculty Publications

Coastal wetlands may be subjected to numerous biotic and abiotic stressors from natural and anthropogenic forces in the landscape. The influx of nutrients, inorganic compounds and xenobiotics are suspected of degrading the belowground biomass of coastal macrophytes. Spartina patens acts as an ecosystem engineer for lower salinity coastal marshes and its biomechanical properties are vital to the stability and resilience of coastal wetlands. S.patens was exposed to one natural (flooding) and two anthropogenic stressors (atrazine and nutrient addition) in a greenhouse experiment to test the hypothesis that these three stressors reduce the tensile root strength of S. patens. A one-way …

Mutant Tp53 Interacts With Bcar1 To Contribute To Cancer Cell Invasion, Alvin Kunyao Guo, Yoko Itahana, Veerabrahma Pratap Seshachalam, Hui Ying Chow, Sujoy Ghosh, Koji Itahana

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Background: Mutant TP53 interacts with other proteins to produce gain-of-function properties that contribute to cancer metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Methods: Using immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays, we evaluated breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1 (BCAR1) as a novel binding partner of TP53R273H, a TP53 mutant frequently found in human cancers. The biological functions of their binding were examined by the transwell invasion assay. Clinical outcome of patients was analysed based on TP53 status and BCAR1 expression using public database. Results: We discovered a novel interaction between TP53R273H and BCAR1. We found that BCAR1 translocates from …

The Inaugural Issue Of Ornithology, T. Scott Sillett, Wesley M. Hochachka, Sabrina S. Taylor

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Estuarine Oiling Increases A Long-Term Decline In Mussel Growth*, R. Eugene Turner, Jennifer S. Spicer

Faculty Publications

The ribbed mussel, Geukensia granosissima, cycles nutrients, contributes to soil stability, and can be a major component of predator-prey communities in salt marshes. Mussels were exposed to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, and salt marshes remain contaminated eight years later. We hypothesized that the oiled mussels had reduced annual growth, altered population size frequency, and perhaps changed valve morphometrics. We sampled 10 marshes near Port Sulphur, LA, to measure the morphometrics of 133 mussels and their age-specific growth rate, and also the marsh oil content and percent vegetative cover. The relationships between valve weight, …

Climate Change Implications For Tidal Marshes And Food Web Linkages To Estuarine And Coastal Nekton, D D. Colombano, S. Y. Litvin, S. L. Ziegler, S. B. Alford, D. D. Colombano, M. A. Barbeau, J. Cebrian, R. M. Connolly, C. A. Currin, L. A. Deegan, J. S. Lesser, C. W. Martin, A. E. Mcdonald, C. Mcluckie, B. H. Morrison, J. W. Pahl, L. W. Risse, J. A. Smith, L. W. Staver, R. Eugene Turner, N. J. Waltham

Faculty Publications

Climate change is altering naturally fluctuating environmental conditions in coastal and estuarine ecosystems across the globe. Departures from long-term averages and ranges of environmental variables are increasingly being observed as directional changes [e.g., rising sea levels, sea surface temperatures (SST)] and less predictable periodic cycles (e.g., Atlantic or Pacific decadal oscillations) and extremes (e.g., coastal flooding, marine heatwaves). Quantifying the short- and long-term impacts of climate change on tidal marsh seascape structure and function for nekton is a critical step toward fisheries conservation and management. The multiple stressor framework provides a promising approach for advancing integrative, cross-disciplinary research on tidal …

Early Diagenesis In The Hypoxic And Acidified Zone Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico: Is Organic Matter Recycling In Sediments Disconnected From The Water Column?, C. Rabouille, B. Lansard, S.M. Owings, N.N. Rabalais, B. Bombled, E. Metzger, J. Richirt, E.M. Eitel, A.D. Boever, J.S. Beckler, M. Taillefert

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Elevating Dissolved Oxygen - Reflections On Developing And Using Long - Term Data, Nancy N. Rabalais

Faculty Publications

This prospectus took me about as long to generate as my 36 - year record of working on the issue of northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) oxygen deficiency, or so I felt. There was so much to cover, but I focused on the issue of hypoxia on the Louisiana continental shelf from the early 1980s to present and my participation in the research and outreach. Not that I was ignoring other aspects of my academic research career (e.g., stone crab populations and their differences in physiology and larval development along the nGOM coast; settlement of crab megalopae, especially blue crabs, …

Biogeographical Trends In Phytoplankton Community Size Structure Using Adaptive Sentinel 3-Olci Chlorophyll A And Spectral Empirical Orthogonal Functions In The Estuarine-Shelf Waters Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Bingqing Liu, Eurico J. D'Sa, Kanchan Maiti, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Zuo Xue

Faculty Publications

The active hydrodynamics and complex circulation patterns in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM) provide a dynamic scenario to investigate mesoscale responses of the size structure of phytoplankton communities to environmental variability. In this study, a large in-situ dataset acquired in inland, estuarine and coastal waters of the nGoM and U.S. East Coast were utilized to achieve a regional parameterization of the red-NIR ratio-based chlorophyll a (Chl a) algorithm for the high-spatial and spectral resolution Sentinel 3-OLCI ocean color sensor. Using an adaptive scheme, the algorithm was used in combination with other standard Chl a algorithms such as the Neural …

Anaerobic Carbon Monoxide Uptake By Microbial Communities In Volcanic Deposits At Different Stages Of Successional Development On O‐Yama Volcano, Miyake‐Jima, Japan, Amber N. Depoy, Gary M. King, Hiroyuki Ohta

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Research on Kilauea and O‐yama Volcanoes has shown that microbial communities and their activities undergo major shifts in response to plant colonization and that molyb-denum‐dependent CO oxidizers (Mo‐COX) and their activities vary with vegetation and deposit age. Results reported here reveal that anaerobic CO oxidation attributed to nickel‐dependent CO oxidizers (Ni‐COX) also occurs in volcanic deposits that encompass different developmental stages. Ni‐COX at three distinct sites responded rapidly to anoxia and oxidized CO from initial concentrations of about 10 ppm to sub‐atmospheric levels. CO was also actively consumed at initial 25% …

A Nanoparticle Co-Matrix For Multiple Charging In Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Imaging Of Tissue, Bijay Banstola, Kermit K. Murray

Faculty Publications

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Rationale: A two-component matrix of 2-nitrophloroglucinol (2-NPG) and silica nanoparticles was used for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging of high-charge-state biomolecules in tissue. Potential advantages include increased effective mass range and efficiency of fragmentation. Methods: A mixture of 2-NPG matrix and silica nanoparticles was applied to cyrosectioned 10 μm thick mouse brain tissue. The mixture was pipetted onto the tissue for profiling and sprayed for tissue imaging. MALDI images were obtained under high vacuum in a commercial time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Results: The combined 2-NPG and nanoparticle matrix produced highly charged …

Deep Stacking Networks For Conditional Nonlinear Granger Causal Modeling Of Fmri Data, Kai Cheng Chuang, Sreekrishna Ramakrishnapillai, Lydia Bazzano, Owen T. Carmichael

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Conditional Granger causality, based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series signals, is the quantification of how strongly brain activity in a certain source brain region contributes to brain activity in a target brain region, independent of the contributions of other source regions. Current methods to solve this problem are either unable to model nonlinear relationships between source and target signals, unable to efficiently quantify time lags in source-target relationships, or require ad hoc parameter settings and post hoc calculations to assess conditional Granger causality. This paper proposes the use of deep stacking networks, with dilated convolutional neural networks …

Louisiana Agriculture Winter, 2021, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Clinical Commissioning Of Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy Systems: Report Of Aapm Task Group 185, Jonathan B. Farr, Michael F. Moyers, Chris E. Allgower, Martin Bues, Wen Chien Hsi, Hosang Jin, Dimitris N. Mihailidis, Hsiao Ming Lu, Wayne D. Newhauser, Narayan Sahoo, Roelf Slopsema, Daniel Yeung, X. Ronald Zhu

Faculty Publications

Proton therapy is an expanding radiotherapy modality in the United States and worldwide. With the number of proton therapy centers treating patients increasing, so does the need for consistent, high-quality clinical commissioning practices. Clinical commissioning encompasses the entire proton therapy system's multiple components, including the treatment delivery system, the patient positioning system, and the image-guided radiotherapy components. Also included in the commissioning process are the x-ray computed tomography scanner calibration for proton stopping power, the radiotherapy treatment planning system, and corresponding portions of the treatment management system. This commissioning report focuses exclusively on intensity-modulated scanning systems, presenting details of how …

Beyond The Boundaries Of Childhood: African American Children In The Antebellum North, Anna Mae Duane

Civil War Book Review

"Crystal Lynn Webster’s new book, Beyond the Boundaries of Childhood, asks how gradual emancipation in Northern States assigned Black children spaces outside the boundaries of Victorian childhood. Webster also reveals the ways in which Black children were harmed when they were included in reformers’ ideals about childhood, as white reformers felt that Black children’s vulnerability required separation from their families."

Slavery, Fatherhood, And Paternal Duty In African American Communities Over The Long Nineteenth Century., Kathleen Kennedy

Civil War Book Review

"Overall, Hilde has written a convincing book that adds depth and complexity to the existing literature on enslaved masculinity . . . It thus encourages us to think about the complexities of enslaved men’s experiences and inner life as historians of women have done for enslaved women. Furthermore, the work is accessible as Hilde keeps the stories of enslaved people at the center of her work while deftly framing those stories within a narrative that emphasizes the interrelationships between gender and race in shaping social categories such as fatherhood."

Global Sex Disparity Of Covid-19: A Descriptive Review Of Sex Hormones And Consideration For The Potential Therapeutic Use Of Hormone Replacement Therapy In Older Adults, S C. Okpechi, J T. Fong, S S. Gill, J C. Harman, S C. Okpechi, Q C. Chukwurah, I O. Onor, S K. Alahari

Faculty Publications

The 2019-2020 SARS-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to healthcare sectors around the world. As of November 2020, there have been over 64 million confirmed cases and approaching 2 million deaths globally. Despite the large number of positive cases, there are very limited established standards of care and therapeutic options available. To date, there is still no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved vaccine for COVID-19, although there are several options in various clinical trial stages. Herein, we have performed a global review evaluating the roles of age and sex on COVID-19 hospitalizations, ICU admissions, deaths in hospitals, …

Bats And Humans During Thesars-Cov-2outbreak: The Case Of Bat-Coronaviruses From Mexico, P Colunga-Salas, G Hernandez-Canchola

Faculty Publications

The novelSARS-CoV-2coronavirus has attracted attention due to the high number of human cases around the world. It has been proposed that this virus originated in bats, possibly transmitted to humans by an intermediate host, making bats a group of great interest during this outbreak. Almost 10% of the world's bat species inhabit Mexico, and 14 previous novel CoVs have been recorded in Mexican bats. However, the phylogenetic relationships between these viruses and the novel coronavirus are unknown. The aim of this communication was therefore to describe the phylogenetic relationships between Mexican bat-CoVs andSARS-CoV-2. We showed that Mexican bat-CoVs sequences are …

The Interplay Between Environmental Exposures And Covid-19 Risks In The Health Of Children, P D. Sly, B A. Trottier, C M. Bulka, S A. Cormier, P D. Sly, R C. Fry, K W. Kim, S Kleeberger, P Kumar, P J. Landrigan, K L. Carlsen, A Pascale, F Polack, M Ruchirawat, H J. Zar, W A. Suk

Faculty Publications

Background: An unusual feature of SARS-Cov-2 infection and the COVID-19 pandemic is that children are less severely affected than adults. This is especially paradoxical given the epidemiological links between poor air quality and increased COVID-19 severity in adults and that children are generally more vulnerable than adults to the adverse consequences of air pollution. Objectives: To identify gaps in knowledge about the factors that protect children from severe SARS-Cov-2 infection even in the face of air pollution, and to develop a transdisciplinary research strategy to address these gaps. Methods: An international group of researchers interested in children's environmental health was …