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Aberrant Lipid Accumulation In The Mouse Visceral Yolk Sac Resulting From Maternal Diabetes And Obesity, Man Zhang, J. Michael Salbaum, Sydney Jones, David Burk, Claudia Kappen Jan 2023

Aberrant Lipid Accumulation In The Mouse Visceral Yolk Sac Resulting From Maternal Diabetes And Obesity, Man Zhang, J. Michael Salbaum, Sydney Jones, David Burk, Claudia Kappen

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Maternal diabetes and obesity in pregnancy are well-known risk factors for structural birth defects, including neural tube defects and congenital heart defects. Progeny from affected pregnancies are also predisposed to developing cardiometabolic disease in later life. Based upon in vitro embryo cultures of rat embryos, it was postulated that nutrient uptake by the yolk sac is deficient in diabetic pregnancies. In contrast, using two independent mouse models of maternal diabetes, and a high-fat diet-feeding model of maternal obesity, we observed excessive lipid accumulation at 8.5 days in the yolk sac. The numbers as well as sizes of intracellular lipid droplets …

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Joint Estimation Of Neural Events And Hemodynamic Response Functions From Task Fmri Via Convolutional Neural Networks, Kai Cheng Chuang, Sreekrishna Ramakrishnapillai, Krystal Kirby, Arend W.A. Van Gemmert, Lydia Bazzano, Owen T. Carmichael Jan 2023

Joint Estimation Of Neural Events And Hemodynamic Response Functions From Task Fmri Via Convolutional Neural Networks, Kai Cheng Chuang, Sreekrishna Ramakrishnapillai, Krystal Kirby, Arend W.A. Van Gemmert, Lydia Bazzano, Owen T. Carmichael

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Joint decomposition of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series into time courses of neural activity events and hemodynamic response functions (HRF) can enable new insights into functional connectivity, task activation, and neurovascular coupling in health and disease. Current methods for this problem handle time series of either temporally isolated events or extended blocks of continuous events but not both; and they constrain the HRF to one specific functional form. We propose to use an autoencoder and a convolutional neural network (CNN) to overcome these challenges. The autoencoder uses convolutional neural networks to reconstruct the fMRI time series while estimating …

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Factors That Predict Weight Loss Success Differ By Diet Intervention Type, Jordan Losavio, Michael J. Keenan, Elizabeth A. Gollub, Heidi J. Silver Jan 2023

Factors That Predict Weight Loss Success Differ By Diet Intervention Type, Jordan Losavio, Michael J. Keenan, Elizabeth A. Gollub, Heidi J. Silver

Faculty Publications

Background: Many types of diet intervention can achieve negative energy balance and successful weight loss in persons with obesity. However, within any dietary strategy, there is large inter-individual variation in the weight loss response. The aim of this study is to determine factors that predict weight loss success for diet interventions that vary by macronutrient and caloric composition. Methods: Participants with BMI 30.0 to 49.9 kg/m2 self-selected one of three diet intervention trials for weight loss: low carbohydrate (LOW CHO), low fat (LOW FAT), or low calorie (LOW KCAL). Multivariable regression models were developed to determine the significance of predictor …

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Comparative Genomics Of The Niche-Specific Plant Pathogen Streptomyces Ipomoeae Reveal Novel Genome Content And Organization, Natasha R. Soares, José C. Huguet-Tapia, Dongli Guan, Christopher A. Clark, Kuei Ting Yang, Olivia R. Kluchka, Raju S. Thombal, Rendy Kartika, Jonathan H. Badger, Gregg S. Pettis Jan 2023

Comparative Genomics Of The Niche-Specific Plant Pathogen Streptomyces Ipomoeae Reveal Novel Genome Content And Organization, Natasha R. Soares, José C. Huguet-Tapia, Dongli Guan, Christopher A. Clark, Kuei Ting Yang, Olivia R. Kluchka, Raju S. Thombal, Rendy Kartika, Jonathan H. Badger, Gregg S. Pettis

Faculty Publications

The sweet potato soil rot pathogen Streptomyces ipomoeae differs in disease pathology, host range, and virulence factor production from Streptomyces species that cause scab diseases on potato and other plant hosts. Nevertheless, previous phylogenomic analysis suggested S. ipomoeae and the oldest scab species, Streptomyces scabiei, are derived from a common ancestor. While genomes of scab pathogens have been described in some detail, similar knowledge of S. ipomoeae has been lacking. Here, we performed comparative genomic analyses involving both virulent and avirulent strains of S. ipomoeae, along with other plant-pathogenic and saprophytic Streptomyces spp. The txt gene cluster for the phytotoxin …

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Ophiclypeus, A New Genus Of Cardiochilinae Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) From The Oriental Region With Descriptions Of Three New Species, Ilgoo Kang, Mostafa Ghafouri Moghaddam, Michael J. Sharkey, Donald L.J. Quicke, Buntika A. Butcher, Christopher E. Carlton Jan 2023

Ophiclypeus, A New Genus Of Cardiochilinae Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) From The Oriental Region With Descriptions Of Three New Species, Ilgoo Kang, Mostafa Ghafouri Moghaddam, Michael J. Sharkey, Donald L.J. Quicke, Buntika A. Butcher, Christopher E. Carlton

Faculty Publications

A new genus of the braconid subfamily Cardiochilinae, Ophiclypeus gen. nov., is described and illustrated based on three new species: O. chiangmaiensis Kang, sp. nov. type species (type locality: Chiang Mai, Thailand), O. dvaravati Ghafouri Moghaddam, Quicke & Butcher, sp. nov. (type locality: Saraburi, Thailand), and O. junyani Kang, sp. nov. (type locality: Dalin, Taiwan). We provide morphological diagnostic characters to separate the new genus from other cardiochiline genera. A modified key couplet (couplet 5) and a new key couplet (couplet 16) are provided with detailed imag-es for Dangerfield’s key to the world cardiochiline genera to facilitate recognition of Ophiclypeus …

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Challenges In The Combination Of Radiotherapy And Immunotherapy For Breast Cancer, Rui Zhang, Samantha D. Clark, Beibei Guo, Tianyi Zhang, Duane Jeansonne, Samithamby J. Jeyaseelan, Joseph Francis, Weishan Huang Jan 2023

Challenges In The Combination Of Radiotherapy And Immunotherapy For Breast Cancer, Rui Zhang, Samantha D. Clark, Beibei Guo, Tianyi Zhang, Duane Jeansonne, Samithamby J. Jeyaseelan, Joseph Francis, Weishan Huang

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Immunotherapy (IT) is showing promise in the treatment of breast cancer, but IT alone only benefits a minority of patients. Radiotherapy (RT) is usually included in the standard of care for breast cancer patients and is traditionally considered as a local form of treatment. The emerging knowledge of RT-induced systemic immune response, and the observation that the rare abscopal effect of RT on distant cancer metastases can be augmented by IT, have increased the enthusiasm for combinatorial immunoradiotherapy (IRT) for breast cancer patients. However, IRT largely follows the traditional sole RT and IT protocols and does not consider patient …

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A Bayesian Phase I/Ii Design To Determine Subgroup-Specific Optimal Dose For Immunotherapy Sequentially Combined With Radiotherapy, Beibei Guo, Yong Zang, Li Hsiang Lin, Rui Zhang Jan 2023

A Bayesian Phase I/Ii Design To Determine Subgroup-Specific Optimal Dose For Immunotherapy Sequentially Combined With Radiotherapy, Beibei Guo, Yong Zang, Li Hsiang Lin, Rui Zhang

Faculty Publications

Sequential administration of immunotherapy following radiotherapy (immunoRT) has attracted much attention in cancer research. Due to its unique feature that radiotherapy upregulates the expression of a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy, novel clinical trial designs are needed for immunoRT to identify patient subgroups and the optimal dose for each subgroup. In this article, we propose a Bayesian phase I/II design for immunotherapy administered after standard-dose radiotherapy for this purpose. We construct a latent subgroup membership variable and model it as a function of the baseline and pre-post radiotherapy change in the predictive biomarker measurements. Conditional on the latent subgroup membership of …

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Targeting The Aspergillus Flavus P2c Gene Through Host-Induced Gene Silencing Reduces A. Flavus Infection And Aflatoxin Contamination In Transgenic Maize, Yenjit Raruang, Olanike Omolehin, Dongfang Hu, Qijian Wei, Surassawadee Promyou, Lidiya J. Parekattil, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Jeffrey W. Cary, Kan Wang, Zhi Yuan Chen Jan 2023

Targeting The Aspergillus Flavus P2c Gene Through Host-Induced Gene Silencing Reduces A. Flavus Infection And Aflatoxin Contamination In Transgenic Maize, Yenjit Raruang, Olanike Omolehin, Dongfang Hu, Qijian Wei, Surassawadee Promyou, Lidiya J. Parekattil, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Jeffrey W. Cary, Kan Wang, Zhi Yuan Chen

Faculty Publications

Aspergillus flavus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that infects maize and produces aflatoxins. Using biocontrol or developing resistant cultivars to reduce aflatoxin contamination has only achieved limited success. Here, the A. flavus polygalacturonase gene (p2c) was targeted for suppression through host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize. An RNAi vector carrying a portion of the p2c gene was constructed and transformed into maize B104. Thirteen out of fifteen independent transformation events were confirmed to contain p2c. The T2 generation kernels containing the p2c transgene had less aflatoxin than those without the transgene in six out of eleven …

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The Nitrogen-Dependent Gaba Pathway Of Tomato Provides Resistance To A Globally Invasive Fruit Fly, Hao Li, Yuan Zhang, Hu Li, Gadi V. P. Reddy, Zhihong Li, Fajun Chen, Yucheng Sun, Zihua Zhao Jan 2023

The Nitrogen-Dependent Gaba Pathway Of Tomato Provides Resistance To A Globally Invasive Fruit Fly, Hao Li, Yuan Zhang, Hu Li, Gadi V. P. Reddy, Zhihong Li, Fajun Chen, Yucheng Sun, Zihua Zhao

Faculty Publications

Introduction: The primary metabolism of plants, which is mediated by nitrogen, is closely related to the defense response to insect herbivores. Methods: An experimental system was established to examine how nitrogen mediated tomato resistance to an insect herbivore, the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis). All tomatoes were randomly assigned to the suitable nitrogen (control, CK) treatment, nitrogen excess (NE) treatment and nitrogen deficiency (ND) treatment. Results: We found that nitrogen excess significantly increased the aboveground biomass of tomato and increased the pupal biomass of B. dorsalis. Metabolome analysis showed that nitrogen excess promoted the biosynthesis of amino acids in healthy …

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Biology, Genetic Diversity, And Conservation Of Wild Bees In Tree Fruit Orchards, Olivia Kline, Ngoc T. Phan, Mitzy F. Porras, Joshua Chavana, Coleman Z. Little, Lilia Stemet, Roshani S. Acharya, David J. Biddinger, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Edwin G. Rajotte, Neelendra K. Joshi Jan 2023

Biology, Genetic Diversity, And Conservation Of Wild Bees In Tree Fruit Orchards, Olivia Kline, Ngoc T. Phan, Mitzy F. Porras, Joshua Chavana, Coleman Z. Little, Lilia Stemet, Roshani S. Acharya, David J. Biddinger, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Edwin G. Rajotte, Neelendra K. Joshi

Faculty Publications

Different species of bees provide essential ecosystem services by pollinating various agricultural crops, including tree fruits. Many fruits and nuts depend on insect pollination, primarily by wild and managed bees. In different geographical regions where orchard crops are grown, fruit growers rely on wild bees in the farmscape and use orchard bees as alternative pollinators. Orchard crops such as apples, pears, plums, apricots, etc., are mass-flowering crops and attract many different bee species during their bloom period. Many bee species found in orchards emerge from overwintering as the fruit trees start flowering in spring, and the active duration of these …

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Invasiveness, Biology, Ecology, And Management Of The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda, Marc Kenis, Giovanni Benelli, Antonio Biondi, Paul André Calatayud, Roger Day, Nicolas Desneux, Rhett D. Harrison, Darren Kriticos, Ivan Rwomushana, Johnnie Van Den Berg, François Verheggen, Yong Jun Zhang, Lakpo Koku Agboyi, Régis Besmer Ahissou, Malick N. Ba, Julio Bernal, Adeney Freitas De Bueno, Yves Carrière, Geraldo Andrade Carvalho, Xue Xin Chen, Lizette Cicero, Hannalene Du Plessis, Regan Early, Patrick Fallet, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Dnyaneshwar M. Firake, Georg Goergen, Astrid T. Groot, Raul N.C. Guedes, Ankita Gupta, Gao Hu, F. N. Huang, Lara R. Jaber Jan 2023

Invasiveness, Biology, Ecology, And Management Of The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda, Marc Kenis, Giovanni Benelli, Antonio Biondi, Paul André Calatayud, Roger Day, Nicolas Desneux, Rhett D. Harrison, Darren Kriticos, Ivan Rwomushana, Johnnie Van Den Berg, François Verheggen, Yong Jun Zhang, Lakpo Koku Agboyi, Régis Besmer Ahissou, Malick N. Ba, Julio Bernal, Adeney Freitas De Bueno, Yves Carrière, Geraldo Andrade Carvalho, Xue Xin Chen, Lizette Cicero, Hannalene Du Plessis, Regan Early, Patrick Fallet, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Dnyaneshwar M. Firake, Georg Goergen, Astrid T. Groot, Raul N.C. Guedes, Ankita Gupta, Gao Hu, F. N. Huang, Lara R. Jaber

Faculty Publications

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith, 1797), is a serious pest of several crops, particularly maize and other cereals. It has long been known as a pest in the Americas and has invaded most of Africa and parts of the Middle East, Asia, and Australia in the last six years. Its new status as an invasive species causing serious damage in many regions worldwide has highlighted the need for better understanding and has generated much research. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of FAW covering its (i) taxonomy, biology, ecology, genomics, and microbiome, (ii) worldwide status …

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History, Annotated Gazetteer, And Bibliography Of Sarawak Ornithology, Frederick H. Sheldon, Dency F. Gawain, Daisy G. S. Kho, Rosalina Regai, Subir B. Shakya, Chin Aik Yeap Jan 2023

History, Annotated Gazetteer, And Bibliography Of Sarawak Ornithology, Frederick H. Sheldon, Dency F. Gawain, Daisy G. S. Kho, Rosalina Regai, Subir B. Shakya, Chin Aik Yeap

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

Sarawak is Malaysia’s largest state, covering most of northern Borneo. It has a remarkable history of scientific bird study, starting in the 1840s and growing ever since. To set the stage for the gazetteer, which is the core of this paper, we start with a review of this history and discuss various forces that have influenced the direction of bird research in the state. Following this introduction comes the gazetteer, which is an annotated list of c. 865 sites in Sarawak where birds have been collected, studied, or regularly observed. The gazetteer provides the latitude, longitude, and elevation of each …

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Se Jeter À L'Eau Avec Les Poissons De La Louisiane, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Sophie Warny, Valérie Stampley Jan 2023

Se Jeter À L'Eau Avec Les Poissons De La Louisiane, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Sophie Warny, Valérie Stampley

Special Publications of the Museum of Natural Science

No abstract provided.

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Kinship Poems, K. Avvirin Gray Jan 2023

Kinship Poems, K. Avvirin Gray

Comparative Woman

In the appended collection of three poems, canopied under the title, ”Kinship Poems” I explore the possibilities for and practice of kinship between Native and African American women. In my first poem, ”Auntie,” a prose poem, I center non-sanguineous kinship affiliation in the decolonial project. In my final poem, I give equal consideration to biological kinship, by staging a speaker’s direct address to her unborn child.

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Deep Brain Stimulation For Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Can Sarica, Arun Singh, Mario Zanaty, Karim Johari, Andrew Yang, Theresa Zesiewicz, Brian Dalm, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Andres M. Lozano, Oliver Flouty Jan 2023

Deep Brain Stimulation For Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Can Sarica, Arun Singh, Mario Zanaty, Karim Johari, Andrew Yang, Theresa Zesiewicz, Brian Dalm, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Andres M. Lozano, Oliver Flouty

Faculty Publications

Objective: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health issue with a high mortality rate. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown promising results in treating SUD in certain cases. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of DBS in the treatment of SUD and reduction of relapse rates. Methods: We performed a thorough and methodical search of the existing scientific literature, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, to identify 16 original studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We used the evidence levels recommended by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine to assess bias. The R version …

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Modern-Day Neanderthal Genetic Lifewriting, Interspecies Romance, And The Promise Of Multispecies Autoethnography, Travis Brisini Jan 2023

Modern-Day Neanderthal Genetic Lifewriting, Interspecies Romance, And The Promise Of Multispecies Autoethnography, Travis Brisini

Faculty Publications

Advances in contemporary genetic science have reshaped the narratives whereby individuals and communities make sense of their personal, family, and communal histories. In this process, unknown connections have been revealed and familiar orthodoxies disrupted. This essay examines the consequences of a particularly unusual revelation - the dawning awareness of the presence of nonhuman and archaic human DNA in human genetic lines - for efforts at writing about identity and society. In this autoethnographic account, I examine my own genetic inheritance of Neanderthal DNA, and posit a performative concept of genetic life writing that begins to unpack the complexities of this …

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How To Do The History Of Sexual Science, Benjamin Kahan, Greta Lafleur Jan 2023

How To Do The History Of Sexual Science, Benjamin Kahan, Greta Lafleur

Faculty Publications

This introduction maps the ways in which sexual scientific thought circulated during the fin de siècle, tracing the interconnections between and breaks in the global circuits of sexological thought and how this circuitry continues to structure sexuality in the present. In so doing, Kahan and LaFleur position their approach and that of the special issue as a whole within the larger field of sexology, placing it in more robust dialogue with sexuality studies and attending in particular to sexology's racial and imperial logics. They examine the ways in which racial science and colonial knowledge constitute sexual science as an amorphous …

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Design, Alpha Testing, And Beta Testing Of A 3-D Printed Open-Hardware Portable Cryopreservation Device For Aquatic Species, William M. Childress, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch Jan 2023

Design, Alpha Testing, And Beta Testing Of A 3-D Printed Open-Hardware Portable Cryopreservation Device For Aquatic Species, William M. Childress, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Efforts in development of germplasm repositories to preserve genetic resources of aquatic species are impeded globally by a lack of standardized, inexpensive, reproducible, and portable cryopreservation technologies. The present work demonstrates a 3-D printed standardizable freezing device that can be used with nitrogen vapor shipping dewars for on-site sperm cryopreservation for aquatic species and be distributed as open-hardware. This device could hold 22 French straws (0.25-mL or 0.5-mL) and a quick-release ring design could eject straws directly into a canister inside a dewar by pressing a button after freezing. The final prototypes produced cooling rates of 1 to 68°C/min for …

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Integrated Processes Turning Pepper Sauce Waste Into Valuable By-Products, Jicheng Shu, Yongqin Yin, Zhijun Liu Jan 2023

Integrated Processes Turning Pepper Sauce Waste Into Valuable By-Products, Jicheng Shu, Yongqin Yin, Zhijun Liu

Faculty Publications

Background: Safe and efficient disposal of millions of tons of pepper sauce waste (PSW) can be a challenge to pepper sauce manufacturers that are concerned about creating environmental hazards from the processing (e.g., preservative salt and vinegar) and intrinsic (e.g., the pungent capsaicins) ingredients. It will be immensely beneficial to process these waste materials before they go to disposal. This work presents integrated approaches for a complete utilization of waste materials by removing and recovering valuable by-products and/or ingredients while succeeding to minimal to zero hazards. Methods: Laboratory- and pilot-scale extraction processes were used to demonstrate the recovery of intrinsic …

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Effects Of Ketone Bodies On Energy Expenditure, Substrate Utilization, And Energy Intake In Humans, Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo, Jacob T. Mey, Eric Ravussin Jan 2023

Effects Of Ketone Bodies On Energy Expenditure, Substrate Utilization, And Energy Intake In Humans, Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo, Jacob T. Mey, Eric Ravussin

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The potential of ketogenic approaches to regulate energy balance has recently gained attention since ketones may influence both energy expenditure and energy intake. In this narrative review, we summarized the most relevant evidence about the role of ketosis on energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and energy intake in humans. We considered different strategies to induce ketosis, such as fasting, dietary manipulation, and exogenous ketone sources. In general, ketosis does not have a major influence on energy expenditure but promotes a shift in substrate utilization towards ketone body oxidation. The strategies to induce ketosis by reduction of dietary carbohydrate availability (e.g., ketogenic …

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Redox Regulation In Diabetic Kidney Disease, Ilse S. Daehn, Ubong S. Ekperikpe, Krisztian Stadler Jan 2023

Redox Regulation In Diabetic Kidney Disease, Ilse S. Daehn, Ubong S. Ekperikpe, Krisztian Stadler

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most devastating complications of diabetes mellitus, where currently there is no cure available. Several important mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of this complication, with oxidative stress being one of the key factors. The past decades have seen a large number of publications with various aspects of this topic; however, the specific details of redox regulation in DKD are still unclear. This is partly because redox biology is very complex, coupled with a complex and heterogeneous organ with numerous cell types. Furthermore, often times terms such as “oxidative stress” or reactive oxygen species …

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Acute Stressors Do Not Impair Short-Term Memory Or Attention In An Aged Mouse Model Of Amyloidosis, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Breanna N. Harris, Alena V. Savonenko, Paul L. Soto Jan 2023

Acute Stressors Do Not Impair Short-Term Memory Or Attention In An Aged Mouse Model Of Amyloidosis, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Breanna N. Harris, Alena V. Savonenko, Paul L. Soto

Faculty Publications

Memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease patients is thought to be associated with the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides and tau proteins. However, inconsistent reports of cognitive deficits in pre-clinical studies have raised questions about the link between amyloid-beta and cognitive decline. One possible explanation may be that studies reporting memory deficits often involve behavioral assessments that entail a high stress component. In contrast, in tasks without a high stress component transgenic mice do not consistently show declines in memory. The glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis of aging and the vicious cycle of stress framework suggest that stress exacerbates dementia progression by initiating a …

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Remote Assessment Of Negative Symptoms Of Schizophrenia, David G. Daniel, Alex S. Cohen, Dawn Velligan, Phillip D. Harvey, Larry Alphs, Michael Davidson, William Potter, Alan Kott, Nina Schooler, Christopher R. Brodie, Raeanne C. Moore, Pierre Lindenmeyer, Stephen R. Marder Jan 2023

Remote Assessment Of Negative Symptoms Of Schizophrenia, David G. Daniel, Alex S. Cohen, Dawn Velligan, Phillip D. Harvey, Larry Alphs, Michael Davidson, William Potter, Alan Kott, Nina Schooler, Christopher R. Brodie, Raeanne C. Moore, Pierre Lindenmeyer, Stephen R. Marder

Faculty Publications

In contrast to the validated scales for face-to-face assessment of negative symptoms, no widely accepted tools currently exist for remote monitoring of negative symptoms. Remote assessment of negative symptoms can be broadly divided into 3 categories: (1) remote administration of an existing negative-symptom scale by a clinician, in real time, using videoconference technology to communicate with the patient; (2) direct inference of negative symptoms through detection and analysis of the patient's voice, appearance, or activity by way of the patient's smartphone or other device; and (3) ecological momentary assessment, in which the patient self-reports their condition upon receipt of periodic …

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Naringenin And Β-Carotene Convert Human White Adipocytes To A Beige Phenotype And Elevate Hormone- Stimulated Lipolysis, Ann A. Coulter, Frank L. Greenway, Dachuan Zhang, Sujoy Ghosh, Cathryn R. Coulter, Sarah L. James, Yanlin He, Luke A. Cusimano, Candida J. Rebello Jan 2023

Naringenin And Β-Carotene Convert Human White Adipocytes To A Beige Phenotype And Elevate Hormone- Stimulated Lipolysis, Ann A. Coulter, Frank L. Greenway, Dachuan Zhang, Sujoy Ghosh, Cathryn R. Coulter, Sarah L. James, Yanlin He, Luke A. Cusimano, Candida J. Rebello

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: Naringenin, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activator found in citrus fruits, upregulates markers of thermogenesis and insulin sensitivity in human adipose tissue. Our pharmacokinetics clinical trial demonstrated that naringenin is safe and bioavailable, and our case report showed that naringenin causes weight loss and improves insulin sensitivity. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoic-X-receptors (RXRs) at promoter elements of target genes. Retinoic acid is an RXR ligand metabolized from dietary carotenoids. The carotenoid β-carotene reduces adiposity and insulin resistance in clinical trials. Our goal was to examine if carotenoids strengthen the beneficial effects of naringenin on human adipocyte metabolism. Methods: Human …

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Betacoronaviruses Sars-Cov-2 And Hcov-Oc43 Infections In Igrov-1 Cell Line Require Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Meisam Yousefi, Wai Suet Lee, Wharton O.Y. Chan, Wei He, Marcus G. Mah, Cythia Lingli Yong, Joshua M. Deerain, Lijin Wang, Camille Arcinas, Biaoguo Yan, Dewei Tan, Wan Rong Sia, Akshamal M. Gamage, Jinxuan Yang, Alan Chen Yu Hsu, Shang Li, Martin Linster, Xinglou Yang, Sujoy Ghosh, Danielle E. Anderson, Gavin J.D. Smith, Chee Wah Tan, Lin Fa Wang, Yaw Shin Ooi Jan 2023

Betacoronaviruses Sars-Cov-2 And Hcov-Oc43 Infections In Igrov-1 Cell Line Require Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Meisam Yousefi, Wai Suet Lee, Wharton O.Y. Chan, Wei He, Marcus G. Mah, Cythia Lingli Yong, Joshua M. Deerain, Lijin Wang, Camille Arcinas, Biaoguo Yan, Dewei Tan, Wan Rong Sia, Akshamal M. Gamage, Jinxuan Yang, Alan Chen Yu Hsu, Shang Li, Martin Linster, Xinglou Yang, Sujoy Ghosh, Danielle E. Anderson, Gavin J.D. Smith, Chee Wah Tan, Lin Fa Wang, Yaw Shin Ooi

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The emergence of novel betacoronaviruses has posed significant financial and human health burdens, necessitating the development of appropriate tools to combat future outbreaks. In this study, we have characterized a human cell line, IGROV-1, as a robust tool to detect, propagate, and titrate betacoronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43. IGROV-1 cells can be used for serological assays, antiviral drug testing, and isolating SARS-CoV-2 variants from patient samples. Using time-course transcriptomics, we confirmed that IGROV-1 cells exhibit a robust innate immune response upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, recapitulating the response previously observed in primary human nasal epithelial cells. We performed genome-wide CRISPR knockout genetic screens …

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Corrigendum To “The Rna Binding Protein Hur Influences Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Flexibility In Rodents And Humans” [Metab. 97 (2019) 40–49, (S0026049519300988), (10.1016/J.Metabol.2019.05.010)], Randall L. Mynatt, Robert C. Noland, Carrie M. Elks, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, David S. Bayless, Allison C. Stone, Sujoy Ghosh, Eric Ravussin, Jaycob D. Warfel Jan 2023

Corrigendum To “The Rna Binding Protein Hur Influences Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Flexibility In Rodents And Humans” [Metab. 97 (2019) 40–49, (S0026049519300988), (10.1016/J.Metabol.2019.05.010)], Randall L. Mynatt, Robert C. Noland, Carrie M. Elks, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, David S. Bayless, Allison C. Stone, Sujoy Ghosh, Eric Ravussin, Jaycob D. Warfel

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The authors regret the originally published manuscript contained an error in Table 1. Specifically, the Glucose Disposal Rates (GDR) were not within the correct columns. The corrected Table 1 is included below. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

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Effects Of Episodic Food Insecurity On Psychological And Physiological Responses In African American Women With Obesity (Responses): Protocol For A Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study, Candice A. Myers, Robbie A. Beyl, Daniel S. Hsia, Melissa N. Harris, Isabella J. Reed, Danielle D. Eliser, Lauren Bagneris, John W. Apolzan Jan 2023

Effects Of Episodic Food Insecurity On Psychological And Physiological Responses In African American Women With Obesity (Responses): Protocol For A Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study, Candice A. Myers, Robbie A. Beyl, Daniel S. Hsia, Melissa N. Harris, Isabella J. Reed, Danielle D. Eliser, Lauren Bagneris, John W. Apolzan

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Food insecurity is a risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, including obesity. Importantly, both food insecurity and obesity are more prevalent in African American women than in other groups. Furthermore, food insecurity is considered a cyclic phenomenon, with episodes of food adequacy (ie, enough food to eat) and food shortage (ie, not enough food to eat). More research is needed to better understand why food insecurity is linked to obesity, including acknowledging the episodic nature of food insecurity as a stressor and identifying underlying mechanisms. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the episodic nature of food …

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Adipose Tissue Expansion In Obesity, Health, And Disease, Ursula White Jan 2023

Adipose Tissue Expansion In Obesity, Health, And Disease, Ursula White

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

White adipose tissue (WAT) expands under physiological conditions via an increase in adipocyte size (hypertrophy) and/or number (hyperplasia; adipogenesis), and the ability of WAT to expand to accommodate energy demands is a significant determinant of metabolic health status. Obesity is associated with impaired WAT expansion and remodeling, which results in the deposition of lipids to other non-adipose organs, leading to metabolic derangements. Although increased hyperplasia has been implicated as a cornerstone in promoting healthy WAT expansion, recent developments suggest that the role of adipogenesis as a contributing factor in the transition from impaired subcutaneous WAT expansion to impaired metabolic health …

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Horizon Scanning For Potentially Invasive Non-Native Marine Species To Inform Trans-Boundary Conservation Management – Example Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Kathryn A. O’Shaughnessy, Lorenzo Vilizzi, Wesley Daniel, Monica E. Mcgarrity, Hanna Bauer, Leslie Hartman, Stephen Geiger, Paul Sammarco, Steve Kolian, Scott Porter, Jessica Dutton, Matthew R. Mcclure, Michael Norberg, Alex Fogg, Timothy J. Lyons, Justin Procopio, Lauren Bantista, Wayne Bennett, Mary Wicksten, David Reeves, Julie Lively, Elizabeth Robinson, Jorge Brenner, Joseph Goy, Ashley Morgan-Olvera, Anna L.E. Yunnie, Gordon H. Copp Jan 2023

Horizon Scanning For Potentially Invasive Non-Native Marine Species To Inform Trans-Boundary Conservation Management – Example Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Kathryn A. O’Shaughnessy, Lorenzo Vilizzi, Wesley Daniel, Monica E. Mcgarrity, Hanna Bauer, Leslie Hartman, Stephen Geiger, Paul Sammarco, Steve Kolian, Scott Porter, Jessica Dutton, Matthew R. Mcclure, Michael Norberg, Alex Fogg, Timothy J. Lyons, Justin Procopio, Lauren Bantista, Wayne Bennett, Mary Wicksten, David Reeves, Julie Lively, Elizabeth Robinson, Jorge Brenner, Joseph Goy, Ashley Morgan-Olvera, Anna L.E. Yunnie, Gordon H. Copp

Faculty Publications

Prevention of non-native species introductions and establishment is essential to avoid adverse impacts of invasive species in marine environments. To identify potential new invasive species and inform non-native species management options for the northern Gulf of Mexico (Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas), 138 marine species were risk screened for current and future climate conditions using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Species were risk-ranked as low, medium, high, and very high risk based on separate (calibrated) thresholds for fishes, tunicates, and inverte-brates. In the basic screening, 15 fishes, two tunicates, and 26 invertebrates were classified as high or very high risk …

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Mapping High Marsh And Salt Pannes/Flats Along The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Coast, Nicholas M. Enwright, Wyatt C. Cheney, Kristine O. Evans, Hana R. Thurman, Mark S. Woodrey, Auriel M.V. Fournier, Jena A. Moon, Heather E. Levy, James A. Cox, Peter J. Kappes, John A. Nyman, Jonathan L. Pitchford Jan 2023

Mapping High Marsh And Salt Pannes/Flats Along The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Coast, Nicholas M. Enwright, Wyatt C. Cheney, Kristine O. Evans, Hana R. Thurman, Mark S. Woodrey, Auriel M.V. Fournier, Jena A. Moon, Heather E. Levy, James A. Cox, Peter J. Kappes, John A. Nyman, Jonathan L. Pitchford

Faculty Publications

Coastal wetlands are predicted to undergo extensive transformation due to climate and land use change. Baseline maps of coastal wetlands can be used to help assess changes. Found in the upper portion of the estuarine zone, high marsh and salt pannes/flats provide ecosystem goods and services and are particularly important to fish and wildlife. We developed the first map of high marsh and salt pannes/flats along the northern Gulf of Mexico using regional models that included spectral indices related to greenness and wetness from optical satellite imagery, elevation data, irregularly flooded wetland probability information, and synthetic aperture radar backscatter. We …

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