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Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Summer 1997, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station Jul 1997

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Summer 1997, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Seasonal Abudance Of Arthropod Populations On Selected Soybean Variteties Grown In Early Season Production Systems In Louisiana (Bulletin #860), Michael L. Boyd, David J. Boethel, B. Rogers Leonard, Robert J. Habetz, Lester P. Brown, William B. Hallmark Jun 1997

Seasonal Abudance Of Arthropod Populations On Selected Soybean Variteties Grown In Early Season Production Systems In Louisiana (Bulletin #860), Michael L. Boyd, David J. Boethel, B. Rogers Leonard, Robert J. Habetz, Lester P. Brown, William B. Hallmark

LSU AgCenter Bulletins

The data presented in this report were collected by entomologists to provide Louisiana soybean producers with information on insect management practices that may be required as they select the soybean maturity group that best fits their production systems.

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Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Spring 1997, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station Apr 1997

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Spring 1997, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Abundance And Vertical Flux Of Pseudo-Nitzschia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Q Dortch, R Robichaux, S Pool, D Milsted, Q Dortch, N N. Rabalais, T M. Soniat, G A. Fryxell, R. Eugene Turner, M L. Parsons Jan 1997

Abundance And Vertical Flux Of Pseudo-Nitzschia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Q Dortch, R Robichaux, S Pool, D Milsted, Q Dortch, N N. Rabalais, T M. Soniat, G A. Fryxell, R. Eugene Turner, M L. Parsons

Faculty Publications

Many species of the ubiquitous pennate diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia have recently been discovered to produce domoic acid, a potent neurotoxin which causes Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP). Pseudo-nitzschia spp. were extremely abundant (up to 10(8) cells l(-1); present in 67% of 2195 samples) from 1990 to 1994 on the Louisiana and Texas, USA, continental shelves and moderately abundant (up to 10(5) cells l(-1); present in 18% of 192 samples) over oyster beds in the Terrebonne Bay estuary in Louisiana in 1993 and 1994. On the shelf there was a strong seasonal cycle with maxima every spring for 5 yr and sometimes …

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Evaluation Of Water-Seeded No-Till Rice Culture With Respect To Weeds And Seedling Disease., Roland Detleo Mendt Jan 1997

Evaluation Of Water-Seeded No-Till Rice Culture With Respect To Weeds And Seedling Disease., Roland Detleo Mendt

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Field studies were conducted over three years to evaluate preplant postemergence herbicides for red rice control in rice under no-till water-seeded culture. Application of paraquat or sulfosate plus thiobencarb and paraquat alone 3 days before seeding (DBS) resulted in the greatest red rice control 11 weeks after seeding (WAS). Rice yield was increased and percent red rice in rice grain decreased when paraquat or sulfosate was applied in combination with thiobencarb compared with the nontreated control. Rice yield was increased when herbicides were applied 3 and 7 DBS as compared with 14 and 28 DBS. Aqueous extracts of cursed buttercup, …

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A Case-Ready Modified-Atmosphere Packaging System For Beef., Brian Scott Smith Jan 1997

A Case-Ready Modified-Atmosphere Packaging System For Beef., Brian Scott Smith

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Beef tenderness and color stability were evaluated in conventional and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) systems. Equal portions of inside rounds removed immediately (PM0) or at 48 h postmortem (PM48) were vacuum packaged (VP) whole or cut into steaks and packaged in 80%N$\sb2$:20%CO$\sb2$ MAP. On day 12, MAP environments were exchanged for 80%O$\sb2$:20%CO$\sb2$. Calpastatin activity was lower at 2 d postmortem for PM48 steaks than PM0 steaks. Electrophoresis indicated more degradation of 50 and $>$250 kDA compounds at 2 d postmortem for PM48 than PM0 steaks. Steaks from PM48 required less shear force than PM0 steaks. HunterLab 'L', 'a' and …

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Response Of A Benthic Food Web To Hydrocarbon Contamination, Kevin R. Carman, John W. Fleeger, Steven M. Pomarico Jan 1997

Response Of A Benthic Food Web To Hydrocarbon Contamination, Kevin R. Carman, John W. Fleeger, Steven M. Pomarico

Faculty Publications

Direct and indirect effects of diesel-contaminated sediment on microalgae, meiofauna, and meiofauna-microalgae trophic interactions were examined in a microcosm study of the sediment community from a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh. Microcosms of natural sediment were given small dally doses of contaminated sediment over a 28-d period, creating low-, medium-, and high-diesel treatment concentrations of ~ 0.5, 5.5, and 55 ppm PAH, respectively. Diesel caused initial (within 7 h) reductions in microalgal grazing by meiobenthic harpacticoid copepods. Over longer periods of exposure (7-28 d), grazing on microalgae by copepods as a group was reduced in high-diesel treatments, primarily because of high …

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Development Of A Protein-Free Chemically Defined Culture Medium For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus, J. F. La Peyre, M. Faisal Jan 1997

Development Of A Protein-Free Chemically Defined Culture Medium For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus, J. F. La Peyre, M. Faisal

Faculty Publications

In the present study we describe a protein-free, chemically defined culture medium, designated JL-ODRP-3, which supports the propagation of Perkinsus marinus, a parasite of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. P. marinus adapted rapidly to the defined medium and the growth rate of the protozoan increased significantly following a few subcultures. Two isolates of P. marinus, one from the Chesapeake Bay (Virginia) and the other from the Gulf of Mexico (Texas) were cultured for at least ten passes. The doubling times for the isolates from Virginia and Texas, in log phase, were 18 ± 1.2 and 28.6 ± 3.2 hours respectively, …

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Transgenic Dairy Cattle: Genetic Engineering On A Large Scale, R. J. Wall, D. E. Kerr, K. R. Bondioli Jan 1997

Transgenic Dairy Cattle: Genetic Engineering On A Large Scale, R. J. Wall, D. E. Kerr, K. R. Bondioli

Faculty Publications

Amid the explosion of fundamental knowledge generated from transgenic animal models, a small group of scientists has been producing transgenic livestock with goals of improving animal production efficiency and generating new products. The ability to modify mammary-specific genes provides an opportunity to pursue several distinctly different avenues of research. The objective of the emerging gene "pharming" industry is to produce pharmaceuticals for treat-ing human diseases. It is argued that mammary glands are an ideal site for producing complex bioactive proteins that can be cost effectively harvested and purified. Consequently, during the past decade, approximately a dozen companies have been created …

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Attenuation, Persistence, And Vaccine Potential Of An Edwardsiella Ictaluri Pura Mutant, Mark L. Lawrence, Richard K. Cooper, Ronald L. Thune Jan 1997

Attenuation, Persistence, And Vaccine Potential Of An Edwardsiella Ictaluri Pura Mutant, Mark L. Lawrence, Richard K. Cooper, Ronald L. Thune

Faculty Publications

In this study, an adenine-auxotrophic strain of Edwardsiella ictaluri was constructed and its virulence, tissue persistence, and vaccine efficacy were evaluated. A clone containing the purA gene was isolated from an E. ictaluri genomic library, sequenced, and shown to have an overall sequence identity of 79.3% at the nucleotide level and 85.7% at the amino acid level with the Escherichia coli purA gene. The cloned E. ictaluri purA gene was mutated by deleting a 598-bp segment of the gene and inserting the kanamycin resistance gene from TraP03 into the gap. The ApurA::Km(r) gene was subcloned into the suicide plasmid pGP704, …

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The Prevalence Of Hypertension In Seven Populations Of West African Origin, Richard Cooper, Charles Rotimi, Susan Ataman, Daniel Mcgee, Babatunde Osotimehin, Solomon Kadiri, Walinjom Muna, Samuel Kingue, Henry Fraser, Terrence Forrester, Franklyn Bennett, Rainford Wilks Jan 1997

The Prevalence Of Hypertension In Seven Populations Of West African Origin, Richard Cooper, Charles Rotimi, Susan Ataman, Daniel Mcgee, Babatunde Osotimehin, Solomon Kadiri, Walinjom Muna, Samuel Kingue, Henry Fraser, Terrence Forrester, Franklyn Bennett, Rainford Wilks

Faculty Publications

Objectives. This study was undertaken to describe the distribution of blood pressures, hypertension prevalence, and associated risk factors among seven populations of West African origin. Methods. The rates of hypertension in West Africa (Nigeria and Cameroon), the Caribbean (Jamaica, St. Lucia, Barbados), and the United States (metropolitan Chicago, Illinois) were compared on the basis of a highly standardized collaborative protocol. After researchers were given central training in survey methods, population-based samples of 800 to 2500 adults over the age of 25 were examined in seven sites, yielding a total sample of 10 014. Results. A consistent gradient of hypertension prevalence …

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Leptin Concentration In Women Is Influenced By Regional Distribution Of Adipose Tissue, Franklyn I. Bennett, Norma Mcfarlane-Anderson, Rainford Wilks, Amy Luke, Richard S. Cooper, Terrence E. Forrester Jan 1997

Leptin Concentration In Women Is Influenced By Regional Distribution Of Adipose Tissue, Franklyn I. Bennett, Norma Mcfarlane-Anderson, Rainford Wilks, Amy Luke, Richard S. Cooper, Terrence E. Forrester

Faculty Publications

Leptin concentrations in humans are increased with obesity, and women have higher leptin concentrations than men. This sex difference reflects the greater fat mass of women. However, there is evidence that factors other than the size of the adipose tissue mass contribute to serum leptin concentrations. This study was undertaken to determine whether anthropometric factors influenced leptin concentrations in our population. Leptin concentrations were measured in 375 persons from a population study of hypertension and diabetes for whom body-composition data (bioelectrical impedance analysis and anthropometry) were available. Serum leptin concentrations were more than four times higher in women than in …

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Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Winter 1997, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station Jan 1997

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Winter 1997, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Lsu General Catalog 1997-1998, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Jan 1997

Lsu General Catalog 1997-1998, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

LSU General Catalog

The LSU General Catalog describes all undergraduate and graduate departments and programs with degree requirements and courses offered for each one. The General Catalog includes information on registration and financial aid as well as academic services offered to all students.

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Roosting Behavior And Group Territoriality In American Crows, Donald F. Caccamise, Lisa M. Reed, Jerzy Romanowski, Philip C. Stouffer Jan 1997

Roosting Behavior And Group Territoriality In American Crows, Donald F. Caccamise, Lisa M. Reed, Jerzy Romanowski, Philip C. Stouffer

Faculty Publications

Cooperative groups of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) maintain group territories year-round while often traveling long distances to roost communally at night. Our goal was to discover how territorial crows resolve the conflict between the cohesive nature of group behavior with requirements of dispersal to roost communally. We color-marked crows to study group composition over two years, and radio-tagged crows to study movement among roosts, territories, and feeding areas. Most crows showed diurnal fidelity to the group territory throughout the year. Yet, most birds frequently left territories during the day to forage up to 4 km away. At night, crows roosted …

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Optimizing Acceptability Of Chicken Nuggets Containing Fermented Cowpea And Peanut Flours, W. Prinyawiwatkul, K. H. Mcwatters, L. R. Beuchat, R. D. Phillips Jan 1997

Optimizing Acceptability Of Chicken Nuggets Containing Fermented Cowpea And Peanut Flours, W. Prinyawiwatkul, K. H. Mcwatters, L. R. Beuchat, R. D. Phillips

Faculty Publications

A mixture design was used to optimize the sensory acceptability (appearance, color, flavor, texture, and overall liking) of chicken nuggets containing flours processed from fermented cowpeas (FCF) and fermented partially defatted peanuts (FPDPF). Flavor and texture acceptability correlated highly with overall liking of nuggets. Products containing 20% FCF or FPDPF alone or in combination were unacceptable. Nuggets containing a mixture of 2.5% FCF and 2.5% FPDPF were as acceptable as the control, with a sweet, chickeny flavor. This suggests market potential for such poultry products.

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A Computer Automated, Hydraulically Integrated Serial Turbidostat Algal Reactor (Histar): Mathematical Modeling And Experimental Analysis., Chandra Sekhar Theegala Jan 1997

A Computer Automated, Hydraulically Integrated Serial Turbidostat Algal Reactor (Histar): Mathematical Modeling And Experimental Analysis., Chandra Sekhar Theegala

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Conceptually, the Hydraulically Integrated Serial Turbidostat Algal Reactor (HISTAR) has two components: (1) sealed turbidostats for producing a high quality algal inoculum, and (2) a series of unprotected inter-connected continuous flow stirred tank reactors (CFSTRs) for mass producing algae under approximated plug flow conditions. The hydraulic retention time of each individual CFSTR ($\theta\sb{\rm n})$ is set low enough (dilution is set high) that any suspended organisms (both contaminants and desired algae) entering the CFSTR would be washed to the next CFSTR well within their doubling time. However, as the turbidostats are employed to inoculate the first CFSTR on an almost …

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Development And Validation Of A Multidimensional Measure Of Eating Behavior And Exercise., Cheryl Funsch Smith Jan 1997

Development And Validation Of A Multidimensional Measure Of Eating Behavior And Exercise., Cheryl Funsch Smith

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The specific aim of the current investigation was to develop and validate a multidimensional self-report inventory of a wide range of eating behaviors and weight control practices including overeating, emotional eating, and exercise to be used with overweight and obese populations for evaluation and treatment purposes. Based on recent research findings concerning dieting strategies, factors evaluating healthy versus unhealthy weight control practices were expected to emerge from factor analysis of the original item pool of 131 items. However, these specific factors were not found. Instead, the factor analytic study found the Multidimensional Measure of Eating Behavior and Exercise (MMEBE) to …

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Development And Implementation Of The Body Logic Program For Adolescents: A Primary Prevention Program For Eating Disorders., Paula Jonniece Varnado Jan 1997

Development And Implementation Of The Body Logic Program For Adolescents: A Primary Prevention Program For Eating Disorders., Paula Jonniece Varnado

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Eating disorder symptoms such as feelings of fatness, restrictive eating and purgative behaviors are observed in many children and adolescents. These feelings and behaviors, may, in some adolescents lead to the development of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. A recent series of studies has identified risk factors for the development of eating disorder behaviors in children and adolescents. These risk factors include overconcern with physical appearance, negative evaluation of physical appearance, social pressure for thinness, higher weight level, depression, and body dysphoria. It has been hypothesized that targeting adolescents who are at risk for developing an eating disorder may result …

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The Role Of Binge Eating Disorder In The Estimation Of Food Intake Of Obese Individuals., Drew Arthur Anderson Jan 1997

The Role Of Binge Eating Disorder In The Estimation Of Food Intake Of Obese Individuals., Drew Arthur Anderson

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) share some characteristics with persons with bulimia nervosa (BN) and some characteristics of obese persons who do not have problems with binge eating. Previous studies have found that while nonbinging individuals underestimate caloric intake, patients with BN overestimate caloric intake when intake is large. The present study hypothesized that because persons with BED binge eat, they would also overestimate caloric intake. A total of 56 women (9 with BED, 23 obese nonbingers, and 24 normal weight nonbingers) estimated several portion sizes of ice cream and then ate a test meal of ice cream and …

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Examination Of Behavior Problems In Hiv-Infected Toddlers: The Role Of Maternal Factors., Jennifer L. Hoover Jan 1997

Examination Of Behavior Problems In Hiv-Infected Toddlers: The Role Of Maternal Factors., Jennifer L. Hoover

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The present study investigated the frequency and intensity of behavior problems exhibited by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected toddlers ages 16 to 40 months by comparing them to HIV-exposed toddlers, toddlers at risk for development delays, and healthy toddlers. The role of maternal factors, such as depression, insularity, and stress, in behavior ratings also was considered. Mothers completed a set of questionnaires and the toddlers' developmental status was assessed by a member of the research team. It was hypothesized that HIV-infected children would demonstrate a higher frequency and intensity of behavior problems than children in the three equivalent control groups. With …

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Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 1997, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Jan 1997

Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 1997, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

Gumbo Yearbook

The Gumbo yearbook chronicles the entire academic year at LSU. In words and especially photos, the Gumbo shows the people, places, and events that make each year unique. In addition to formal portraits of schools and departments, the book contains hundreds of snapshots of students with their friends and dozens of pages showcasing organizations.

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Academic Discipline, Mentoring, And The Career Commitment Of Women Faculty., Gloria Tara Nye Jan 1997

Academic Discipline, Mentoring, And The Career Commitment Of Women Faculty., Gloria Tara Nye

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Women continue to be underrepresented as faculty at U.S. universities, especially in the physical sciences and engineering. The belief that only women can adequately serve as role models and mentors for other women may be a roadblock to progress for women in disciplines where they are underrepresented. This study of women faculty investigates how female career commitment is influenced by academic discipline and mentoring. The survey responses of sixty-six tenure-track women faculty were used to obtain data for both science or engineering and non-science or engineering academic disciplines at three public Ph.D. granting research universities. The women faculty in science …

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Development And In Vivo Evaluation Of A Pura Mutant Strain Of The Channel Catfish Pathogen Edwardsiella Ictaluri., Mark Lee Lawrence Jan 1997

Development And In Vivo Evaluation Of A Pura Mutant Strain Of The Channel Catfish Pathogen Edwardsiella Ictaluri., Mark Lee Lawrence

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Edwardsiella ictaluri is the causative agent of enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), which is the most serious disease affecting the channel catfish industry. Killed vaccines have been inconsistent in providing protection against ESC, and no live attenuated vaccines have been described. The purpose of this study was to develop a nutritionally attenuated mutant strain of E. ictaluri and evaluate its virulence and vaccine efficacy. An E. ictaluri genomic library was constructed, and a clone containing the purA gene was isolated and sequenced. The E. ictaluri purA gene was found to have several features in common with the E. coli purA …

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Acid Solubilization Of Fish Protein For Production Of Protein Hydrolysate., Ercument Ozer Jan 1997

Acid Solubilization Of Fish Protein For Production Of Protein Hydrolysate., Ercument Ozer

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The mechanism of fish protein solubilization by acid hydrolysis at elevated temperatures was investigated. Rate expressions for the solubilization were determined using pilot scale data with two different rate determination methods. A postulated mechanism was verified and estimated rates were evaluated on five independent verification experiments. A functional relationship between nonprotein byproduct concentration and whiteness of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) was developed. Initial and set-point operating variables were calculated to produce FPH with acceptable color characteristics for food use. A batch reactor was used for duplicate hydrolysis trials conducted at three acid and three temperature levels for four hours. Samples …

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Amino Acid Requirements And Crystalline Amino Acids For Finishing Pigs., Theresia Alice Knowles Jan 1997

Amino Acid Requirements And Crystalline Amino Acids For Finishing Pigs., Theresia Alice Knowles

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This research was conducted to obtain a better understanding of the amino acid needs of finishing pigs. Twelve experiments were conducted using the urea nitrogen method to determine the lysine requirement of gilts and barrows. Two experiments were conducted to determine the optimum ratio of total sulfur amino acids to lysine for finishing pigs (74 to 111 kg); and three experiments were conducted to evaluate the net energy content of low crude protein, crystalline amino acid supplemented diets for finishing pigs (70 to 117 kg). The lysine requirement of gilts, as determined by the urea nitrogen method, decreased as body …

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The Production Of Glucooligosaccharides By Leuconostoc Mesenteroides Atcc 13146 And Lipomyces Starkeyi Atcc 74054., Sun Kyun Yoo Jan 1997

The Production Of Glucooligosaccharides By Leuconostoc Mesenteroides Atcc 13146 And Lipomyces Starkeyi Atcc 74054., Sun Kyun Yoo

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Glucooligosaccharides of less than DP 10 were produced either by mixed cultures of Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 and L. starkeyi ATCC 74054, or by an acceptor reaction produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146. The yields of glucooligosaccharides produced by mixed culture and acceptor reaction reached up to 49 and 90% of theoretical yield. The composition of carbohydrates at the end of fermentation by mixed culture was 31.4% oligosaccharides, 17.6% dextran, 31.4% mannitol, 2.1% fructose, and 2.4% of sucrose. The composition of carbohydrates at the end of fermentation by acceptor reaction was 32.7% pannose, 30.4% branched isomaltotetraose (DP 4), 21.7% branched …

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Evaluation Of Sampling Gear For Predicting Harvest Size, Yield And Incidence Of Stunting In Crawfish Ponds., Jimmy Lee Avery Jan 1997

Evaluation Of Sampling Gear For Predicting Harvest Size, Yield And Incidence Of Stunting In Crawfish Ponds., Jimmy Lee Avery

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Dip-nets, test traps and experimental drop samplers were evaluated for their potential to predict crawfish (Procambarus spp.) yields and size distribution at harvest. Field studies were conducted at the Rice Research Station, LSU Agricultural Center, Crowley, Louisiana, between 1991 and 1996 in 82 (0.16-0.2 ha) earthen impoundments. Fields were managed to simulate rice-crawfish systems typical of the southwestern and south-central Louisiana. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship among catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of sampling gear (alone and in combination) with respect to yield in weight (kg/ha), yield in number (crawfish/ha) and size distribution at harvest. Relative abundance of …

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The Evolution Of Landscapes And Lineages In Pitcher Plants And Their Moths., Margaret Ellen Oard Jan 1997

The Evolution Of Landscapes And Lineages In Pitcher Plants And Their Moths., Margaret Ellen Oard

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Pitcher plants and pitcher plant moths exhibit two prominent themes in the long evolutionary history between plants and insects. These themes are carnivory and herbivory. In pitcher plants, the leaf has been modified into an elegant pitfall trap enabling these plants to subsist at both the producer and consumer trophic levels. Of the numerous insect species intimately associated with pitcher plants, pitcher plant moths are the only inquilines which have evolved the capacity to disrupt both the carnivore and photosynthetic functions of the host plant. The carnivorous habit, considered an adaptation for nutrient deficient environments, has contributed to species radiations …

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The Polysaccharide Capsule Of Vibrio Vulnificus: Virulence, Transposon Mutagenesis, And The Identification Of An Essential Gene., Amy Buscher Zuppardo Jan 1997

The Polysaccharide Capsule Of Vibrio Vulnificus: Virulence, Transposon Mutagenesis, And The Identification Of An Essential Gene., Amy Buscher Zuppardo

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The extracellular capsule polysaccharide (CPS) of Vibrio vulnificus is a primary virulence factor which allows survival of the bacteria in the human host. To study the genes involved in the production of the polysaccharide capsule, 23 mutants were generated that lost their ability to produce CPS due to the insertion of a mini-transposon into the genome of the encapsulated clinical strain V. vulnificus 1003 (O). The mutants were examined by Southern blot analysis to ensure the transposon had inserted only once in the chromosome. Exoenzymes, which are believed to contribute to the virulence of the organism, produced by all 23 …

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