Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Louisiana State University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 3031 - 3060 of 4162

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Nutrient Reserves Of Lesser Scaup During Spring Migration In The Mississippi Flyway: A Test Of The Spring Condition Hypothesis, Michael J. Anteau Jan 2002

Nutrient Reserves Of Lesser Scaup During Spring Migration In The Mississippi Flyway: A Test Of The Spring Condition Hypothesis, Michael J. Anteau

LSU Master's Theses

The continental scaup population (lesser [Aythya affinis] and greater scaup [A. marila] combined) has declined markedly during the past 20 years, and has remained below the population goal of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan since 1985. One hypothesis explaining the scaup population decline states that reproductive success has decreased because females presently are arriving on breeding areas in poorer condition than that historically (Spring Condition Hypothesis [SCH]). I tested the SCH by comparing fresh body masses (FBMs) and nutrient reserves (lipid, protein, and mineral) of lesser scaup at 4 locations (Louisiana, Illinois, Minnesota, and Manitoba) in the Mississippi Flyway …

Go to article

Analysis Of Consumer Perceptions Toward Biotechnology And Their Preferences For Biotech Food Labels, St. Everald A. Mclennon Jan 2002

Analysis Of Consumer Perceptions Toward Biotechnology And Their Preferences For Biotech Food Labels, St. Everald A. Mclennon

LSU Master's Theses

Using a sample from the seven largest metropolitan areas in the United States, (Denver, Chicago, Los Angeles, Atlanta, New Orleans, New York, and Houston), consumer attitudes concerning agricultural biotechnology is examined. Conjoint analysis is used to examine consumer preferences for the labeling of biotech foods. The study examines the relationship between the consumer’s knowledge and attitudes regarding biotech foods and their preferences for food labels. Consumers’ attitudes regarding a healthy diet, and their risk perceptions regarding biotech foods were found to have a significant effect on the general use of food labels and preferences for labeling of biotech foods. The …

Go to article

Leg-Extensor Strength And Continuous-Scale Physical Functional Performance In Independent-Living Older Adults, Kathryn O'Bryan Wilson Jan 2002

Leg-Extensor Strength And Continuous-Scale Physical Functional Performance In Independent-Living Older Adults, Kathryn O'Bryan Wilson

LSU Master's Theses

A clear relationship between age-related decrements in leg strength and physical function have been reported. The purpose of this investigation was to describe the relationship between quadriceps strength tested at various velocities and the CS-PFP 10 items. Thirty-three older adults (ages 70-95 years) were assessed using the CS-PFP 10 test battery and performed quadriceps strength testing at 0, 90, 180º/sec using the Biodex dynamometer. Values for torque are reported as peak torque (PT) and relative peak torque (AdjPT) in Nm/kg body weight. The range of values for PT was (PT0: 20.2-144.3 Nm; PT90: 14-113.6 Nm; PT180: 9.6-86.4 Nm). Simple correlation …

Go to article

Effects Of Several Abiotic And Biotic Factors And Plant Hormones On Growth, Morophology, And Camptothecin Accumulation In Camptotheca Acuminata Seedlings, Zhanhai Li Jan 2002

Effects Of Several Abiotic And Biotic Factors And Plant Hormones On Growth, Morophology, And Camptothecin Accumulation In Camptotheca Acuminata Seedlings, Zhanhai Li

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation seeks to explore the effects of abiotic factors [nitrogen (N), sodium chloride (NaCl), and ultraviolet (UV) light], biotic factor [acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)], and plant hormones [benzyl adenine (BA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)] on growth, morphology, and secondary metabolite, camptothecin (CPT, an anti-cancer compound) accumulation in Camptotheca acuminata. Five experiments were conducted with C. acuminata seedlings in a hydroponic system with commercial media and fluorescent lights and at 22-26 °C to investigate the effects of these five factors on height, weight, leaf number, leaf length, root to shoot ratio (RSR), specific leaf weight (SLW), CPT concentrations in leaves …

Go to article

Permeability Of Rice Cystatin Across Caco-2 Cells, Tania Serigado Antunes Jan 2002

Permeability Of Rice Cystatin Across Caco-2 Cells, Tania Serigado Antunes

LSU Master's Theses

The present work aimed at recovering, purifying, and testing rice cystatin or oryzacystatin I (OCI) bioavailability, to provide scientific evidence that rice cystatin can be used as a functional food ingredient. OCI was extracted from rice bran using 25 mM sodium phosphate buffer containing 0.15 M NaCl at pH 7.0. The resulting homogenate was heat treated, cooled and precipitated with ammonium sulfate. The recovered protein was dialyzed against 50 mM sodium acetate buffer pH 4.8 and sequentially purified by cation exchange, size exclusion, and anion exchange chromatography. Nine hundred and seventy micrograms of protein were obtained from 1 kg of …

Go to article

The Influence Of The Use Of Recommended Management Practices On Milk Production In Southeast Louisiana, Ronald David Bardwell Jan 2002

The Influence Of The Use Of Recommended Management Practices On Milk Production In Southeast Louisiana, Ronald David Bardwell

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The dairy industry in Southeast Louisiana is one of the largest agricultural industries, with a gross farm value of over 74 million dollars. Much of the economy of Southeast Louisiana parishes depends on the dairy industry. Therefore, improvements in production efficiency and/or effectiveness would have an enormous impact on the parish economy. This study identifies the use of recommended practices by dairy producers, thus allowing educational programs to be focused on specific areas of greatest need. The purpose of the study was to describe the management practices of Southeast Louisiana dairy producers and to determine if a relationship existed between …

Go to article

Branch, Crown, Tree And Stand Water Flux In An 180-Year-Old Loblolly Pine Plantation After Thinning, Fertilization, And Throughfall Exclusion Treatments, Shufang Yu Jan 2002

Branch, Crown, Tree And Stand Water Flux In An 180-Year-Old Loblolly Pine Plantation After Thinning, Fertilization, And Throughfall Exclusion Treatments, Shufang Yu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Branch and tree sap flux density (SFD) was measured to evaluate the effects of thinning, fertilization, and throughfall exclusion treatments on water use by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees. Variations in SFD at different radial xylem depths were also examined to improve estimates of tree water use from sap flux density measured in the outer sapwood. This study was conducted in an 18-year-old loblolly pine plantation in central Louisiana in 1999. The results revealed that SFD was higher in the outer xylem than in the inner xylem and large trees had higher SFD than small trees. Thinning increased daily …

Go to article

The Importance Of Zooplankton In The Diets Of Blue Runner (Caranx Crysos) Near Offshore Petroleum Platforms In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Sean Francis Keenan Jan 2002

The Importance Of Zooplankton In The Diets Of Blue Runner (Caranx Crysos) Near Offshore Petroleum Platforms In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Sean Francis Keenan

LSU Master's Theses

Blue runner (Caranx crysos), common around offshore petroleum platforms in the Gulf of Mexico, were found to forage extensively on meso- and macro-zooplankton during the summer months. Larval decapods and stomatopods, hyperiid amphipods, pteropods, and larval and juvenile fishes were common components of their diet. Feeding periodicity results suggest that blue runner around platforms were capable of feeding throughout the night at the same intensity as the day. Size selectivity indicated that larger prey, such as fish were consumed during the night and smaller decapod crustaceans were consumed during the day. Blue runner collected from open waters away from platforms …

Go to article

Costs And Benefits Of Daphnia Antipredator Behavior And Consequences On Community Stability, Wiebke Johanna Boeing Jan 2002

Costs And Benefits Of Daphnia Antipredator Behavior And Consequences On Community Stability, Wiebke Johanna Boeing

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Predator-prey interactions are an important factor in energy transfer through food webs. To estimate effects of altered energy flow caused by costs and benefits of antipredator defenses and to study their implications for community stability, I used the planktivorous fish - Chaoborus - Daphnia system. In the laboratory, I found that clonal variance of Daphnia antipredator defenses was high, and that behavioral, morphological, and life-history defenses were uncoupled. To estimate the costs and benefits of antipredator defenses in the presence of predators, I conducted lake-enclosure (1-m diameter x 7-m deep) experiments in the field, taking advantage of two features of …

Go to article

The Role Of Cysteine 230 And Lysine 238 Of Biotin Carboxylase In The Deprotonation Of Biotin And Synthesis Of Bisubstrate Analogy Inhibitor Of Carboxyltransferase, Keith Logan Levert Jan 2002

The Role Of Cysteine 230 And Lysine 238 Of Biotin Carboxylase In The Deprotonation Of Biotin And Synthesis Of Bisubstrate Analogy Inhibitor Of Carboxyltransferase, Keith Logan Levert

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of fatty acids. The Escherichia coli form of the enzyme consists of a biotin carboxylase protein, a biotin carboxyl carrier protein, and a carboxyltransferase protein. This enzyme uses the cofactor biotin as a carboxyl carrier. In order for the carboxylation of biotin to occur, biotin must be deprotonated at its N-1 position. It has been proposed that the active site residues cysteine 230 and lysine 238 act as an acid-base pair to deprotonate biotin. To test this hypothesis, site-directed mutagenesis was used to mutate cysteine 230 to alanine (C230A) and lysine …

Go to article

The Effects Of Socioeconomic Status, Social Support, And Acculturation On The Mental And Physical Health Among Korean American Older Adults In Chicago Metropolitan Area, Shinyeol Kim Jan 2002

The Effects Of Socioeconomic Status, Social Support, And Acculturation On The Mental And Physical Health Among Korean American Older Adults In Chicago Metropolitan Area, Shinyeol Kim

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the way that Socioeconomic status (SES), social support, and acculturation may influence physical and mental health status of Korean American older adults. It was premised that SES, social support and acculturation are directly and/or indirectly related to the mental and physical health status of Korean American older adults manifested by respective symptoms. The following two objectives were established: 1) Explore the characteristics of Korean American older adults including socioeconomic status, acculturation level, social support, and physical and mental health status. 2) Assess direct and indirect effects of socioeconomic status, acculturation level, and …

Go to article

Occurrence Of Degenerative Joint Disease In The Radius: Analysis Of Skeletal Remains From The Poole-Rose Ossuary, Mirenda Ann Parks Jan 2002

Occurrence Of Degenerative Joint Disease In The Radius: Analysis Of Skeletal Remains From The Poole-Rose Ossuary, Mirenda Ann Parks

LSU Master's Theses

This study focuses on radii excavated from the Poole-Rose ossuary and analyzes the occurrence and patterning of degenerative joint disease (DJD) on the proximal and distal joint surfaces. The Poole-Rose ossuary, located in eastern Ontario, is dated to A.D. 1550 +/- 50. The Poole-Rose population, dating to the Late Woodland period, were agricultural in their subsistence activities. The disarticulated patterning of the skeletal remains suggests this site was associated with the “Feast of the Dead,” a mass interment burial ceremony. This ceremony took place about every eight to twelve years. Frequencies of lipping, porosity, and eburnation were reported in degree …

Go to article

Role Of Chondrocyte Apoptosis In The Pathogenesis Of Equine Osteoarthritis, Dae Young Kim Jan 2002

Role Of Chondrocyte Apoptosis In The Pathogenesis Of Equine Osteoarthritis, Dae Young Kim

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Osteoarthritis (OA), a non-inflammatory, degenerative disease of articular cartilages, is a common cause of poor performance and early retirement in equine athletes. Pathologically, OA is characterized by matrix degradation and decreased chondrocyte numbers. A mechanical stress is believed to be the major etiologic factor of OA development. Recent studies have indicated that apoptosis is responsible for hypocellularity in OA cartilage and that chondrocyte death by apoptosis could directly contribute to matrix degradation. Increased nitric oxide (NO), a free radical, has been implicated as a cause of chondrocyte apoptosis. No studies, however, have been performed on chondrocyte apoptosis in equine OA. …

Go to article

Ontogeny And Intervals Of Development In Five Reef-Associated Species Of Blenny From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico (Teleostei: Blenniidae), James G. Ditty Jan 2002

Ontogeny And Intervals Of Development In Five Reef-Associated Species Of Blenny From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico (Teleostei: Blenniidae), James G. Ditty

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

I examined patterns and timing of ontogeny and relative growth in five species of blenny (Teleostei: Blenniidae) from the northern Gulf of Mexico by assigning a suite of discrete character state scores to ontogenetic events (10 external traits; 218 total specimens). This is the first study to evaluate developmental patterns in reef-associated fishes relative to the timing of metamorphosis and settlement by applying scaling techniques and statistical methods to quantify, differentiate, and select criteria for defining intervals of development across taxa. Blennies settle at a common state of ontogeny and share a common pattern of body and fin/cirrus growth. Three …

Go to article

Agroeconomic Effect Of Soil Solarization On Fall-Planted Lettuce, Julio Eduardo Hasing Jan 2002

Agroeconomic Effect Of Soil Solarization On Fall-Planted Lettuce, Julio Eduardo Hasing

LSU Master's Theses

The effects of summer soil solarization on the production and economics of four lettuce cultivars were evaluated in two plantings conducted during the fall growing season of 2001, to determine the feasibility of integrating strip-solarization in plasticulture cropping systems. Soil was solarized for 53 and 34 days for the first and second plantings, respectively, using transparent (T4, T5) and black films (T6) that were kept in place as plastic mulches in raised beds through the fall season. Soil temperatures were recorded at 5 and 10-cm depths at 1-hour intervals during the solarization period. Mulch on T5 was painted black before …

Go to article

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Lipids From Raw And Bioconverted Rice Bran, Rohit Badal Jan 2002

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Lipids From Raw And Bioconverted Rice Bran, Rohit Badal

LSU Master's Theses

Rice bran is often discarded despite its nutritional value because the oil in rice bran easily becomes rancid. This has necessitated the search for a method for utilizing the rice bran. The present study involves the application of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and bioprocessing (microbial growth on rice bran media) for increasing the value of the rice bran to produce products of high value (nutraceuticals) with superior health benefit. This study was focused on determining the effect of particle size (>48 mesh and 16-48 mesh) and biotreatment on the yield and quality of rice bran oil. SFE technique (40°C, …

Go to article

Tryptophan Requirements And The Effects Of Supplemental Tryptophan On Growth Performance, Plasma Metabolites, And Meat Quality In Nursery, Growing, And Finishing Pigs, Amy Christina Guzik Jan 2002

Tryptophan Requirements And The Effects Of Supplemental Tryptophan On Growth Performance, Plasma Metabolites, And Meat Quality In Nursery, Growing, And Finishing Pigs, Amy Christina Guzik

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This research was conducted to estimate the true digestible Trp (dTrp) requirements in nursery, growing, and late finishing pigs and the effects of supplemental Trp on physiology, behavior, and meat quality. Five experiments were conducted to estimate the dTrp requirement in nursery pigs. Using broken-line regression analysis, dTrp requirements were 0.21, 0.20, and 0.18% for Phase I (5.2 to 7.3 kg), II (6.3 to 10.2 kg), and III (10.3 to 15.7) nursery pigs. In addition, four experiments were conducted to estimate the dTrp requirements in growing and finishing pigs. Using broken-line regression analysis, the dTrp requirement of pigs weighing 30.9, …

Go to article

Management Of Imidazolinone-Tolerant (It) Rice In Drill- And Water-Seeded Rice, Kristie J. Pellerin Jan 2002

Management Of Imidazolinone-Tolerant (It) Rice In Drill- And Water-Seeded Rice, Kristie J. Pellerin

LSU Master's Theses

Field studies were conducted over two years in drill- and water-seeded rice to evaluate weed control and crop response with imazethapyr programs. Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] was evaluated with imazethapyr applied alone at various rates and timings. Imazethapyr controlled barnyardgrass 95 to 97% with a soil application at 87 or 70 g/ha fb 53 or 70 g/ha EPOST or LPOST. A single EPOST application of imazethapyr at 140 g/ha controlled barnyardgrass and rice yield was equal to or above those treatments receiving two applications of imazethapyr. Research was also conducted at Crowley, LA and Rayne, LA to evaluate the …

Go to article

Delayed Phytotoxicity Syndrome In Louisiana Rice Caused By The Use Of Thiobencarb Herbicide, Chiliang Chen Jan 2002

Delayed Phytotoxicity Syndrome In Louisiana Rice Caused By The Use Of Thiobencarb Herbicide, Chiliang Chen

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Thiobencarb (TB), widely used for the control of broadleaf weeds, grasses, and sedges in rice fields, is considered safe for rice plants when used at recommended rates. TB's reductive dechlorination product, dechlorinated thiobencarb (DTB), is highly toxic to rice. TB is naturally transformed into DTB in field soils in certain areas in Japan and the United States. The resultant syndrome is called delayed phytotoxicity syndrome (DPS). This research was conducted to characterize DPS in Louisiana, to compare the toxicity of TB and DTB to rice, to determine uptake and retention rates of TB and DTB by rice, to confirm that …

Go to article

Control Of Two Perennial Grasses In Southern Turfgrasses, Ronald Eugene Strahan Jan 2002

Control Of Two Perennial Grasses In Southern Turfgrasses, Ronald Eugene Strahan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Knotgrass (Paspalum distichum L.) and torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) are perennial grasses that are extremely difficult to remove in established turfgrass. Studies were conducted to determine the potential for controlling these troublesome perennial weeds. Pot studies were conducted for two years to evaluate several herbicides with multiple modes of action for knotgrass control. In graminicides studies, 8 weeks after initial application (WAI) single or split applications of fluazifop or quizalofop provided excellent control (88 to 95%). In contrast, single or split applications of fenoxaprop at 0.21 kg ha-1 and single applications of diclofop at 0.84 kg ha-1 were no better …

Go to article

Peroxynitrite-Mediated Oxidations: Nitration And Nitrosation, Rachel Bolzan Jan 2002

Peroxynitrite-Mediated Oxidations: Nitration And Nitrosation, Rachel Bolzan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Using a direct ultraviolet second-derivative spectroscopy method, three peroxynitrite preparative methods were investigated for the nitrite and nitrate present either as impurities or produced during peroxynitrite decomposition: (I) ozonation of azide, reaction of hydrogen peroxide with (II) isoamyl nitrite and (III) nitrous acid. The oxidation of morpholine by peroxynitrite in the presence and absence of added carbonate gives N-nitromorpholine and N-nitrosomorpholine. Nitration and nitrosation of morpholine are catalyzed by low levels of CO2; however, excess CO2 dramatically reduces the yields of nitrosation but not nitration, and the combined yields of the products are about the same under …

Go to article

Development Of Low-Fat Sugar-Free Orange Sherbet Containing Soy Protein, Jonathan Aaron Walker Jan 2002

Development Of Low-Fat Sugar-Free Orange Sherbet Containing Soy Protein, Jonathan Aaron Walker

LSU Master's Theses

Consumer interest in healthy eating and self-medication is not just a passing fad. Soy-based products have become increasingly popular and gradually moved into the mainstream market. Many consumers associate soy with a healthy consumption pattern. Development of frozen desserts that indulge consumers’ eating desire, yet provide potential health benefits, is a challenge. Product appraisal to identify specific sensory attributes driving product acceptance is vital to the introduction of this new product. This thesis research was designed to develop low-fat sugar-free orange sherbet products containing soy protein and to determine the consumer sensory profile driving product acceptance and purchase intent. Two …

Go to article

Does Archieving Social Policy Goals Insure Positive Outcomes: From Welfare Reliance Of Wage Work In Rural Louisiana, Lydia Bentin Blalock Jan 2002

Does Archieving Social Policy Goals Insure Positive Outcomes: From Welfare Reliance Of Wage Work In Rural Louisiana, Lydia Bentin Blalock

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This research was Wave II of a longitudinal, qualitative study designed to describe the outcomes of welfare reform legislation on rural families in Louisiana as they tried to comply with provisions of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. This particular study looked at a subset of women (n=12) from Wave II and explored two questions: (a) Whether the decline in Louisiana welfare caseloads translated into rural women finding and keeping jobs; and (b) What is the likelihood that the women employed at the time of this study will be able to sustain their work efforts and …

Go to article

Nitrogen Use Efficiency Of Cotton Following Corn In Rotation And Foliar Fertilization Of Cotton Using Leaf Blade Analysis, Charles Chism Craig Jan 2002

Nitrogen Use Efficiency Of Cotton Following Corn In Rotation And Foliar Fertilization Of Cotton Using Leaf Blade Analysis, Charles Chism Craig

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Research is needed to ensure proper cotton N fertilization in various production practices without the detrimental effects of excess fertilization on yield and the environment. The objectives were i) to evaluate the effect of residual N on the uptake efficiency of cotton-applied N when following corn in rotation, ii) evaluate the potential for using leaf blade analysis and preset N thresholds to trigger foliar applications of N to cotton grown on clay soils and iii) evaluate the effect of preplant N on early root and shoot growth and N assimilation of cotton grown on a clay soil. Nitrogen rates of …

Go to article

Refrigerated Storage And Cryopreservation Of Sperm For The Production Of Red Snapper And Snapper Hybrids, Kenneth Lee Pickrell Riley Jan 2002

Refrigerated Storage And Cryopreservation Of Sperm For The Production Of Red Snapper And Snapper Hybrids, Kenneth Lee Pickrell Riley

LSU Master's Theses

The red snapper Lutjanus campechanus is an economically valuable sport and commercial fishery, and because of its high market value and limited commercial harvest, red snapper have received considerable attention as a candidate for marine aquaculture and stock enhancement programs. The goal of this thesis was to improve hatchery techniques for artificial spawning of red snapper Lutjanus campechanus. The objectives were to: 1) refine protocols for collecting, handling, transport, and holding of mature red snapper broodstock for induced spawning; 2) establish methods for strip-spawning of red snapper to optimize egg quality; 3) develop procedures for the collection, storage, and use …

Go to article

Factors Affecting The Selection Of Business Arrangements By Hog Producers In The United States, Christopher Gazzara Davis Jan 2002

Factors Affecting The Selection Of Business Arrangements By Hog Producers In The United States, Christopher Gazzara Davis

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The structure of the U.S. hog industry is changing rapidly. U.S. hog farms have become smaller in number, larger in size and more specialized. This study examines the factors that influence the hog producer's choice among business arrangements offered in the U.S. hog industry. A national survey was mailed to 4,986 hog producers to determine these factors. The survey consisted of questions covering topics such as: production characteristics, autonomy, transaction costs, risk, social relationships, and demographics. A response rate of 21% was received from the mailed surveys. Four alternative business arrangements were used: independent production, cooperative farming, flat-fee contract, and …

Go to article

The Effects Of Phytase In Nutritionally Adequate Diets, Diets Deficient In Calcium And Phosphorus, And The Interactive Effects Of Phytase And Eimeria Acervulina Infection In Broiler Chicks, Brandy Centrell Watson Jan 2002

The Effects Of Phytase In Nutritionally Adequate Diets, Diets Deficient In Calcium And Phosphorus, And The Interactive Effects Of Phytase And Eimeria Acervulina Infection In Broiler Chicks, Brandy Centrell Watson

LSU Master's Theses

Six experiments were conducted to determine the interactive effects of Eimeria acervulina (E. acervulina) infection and phytase, and the effects of phytase in nutritionally adequate diets and in diets deficient in Ca and available P (aP). Corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) diets were used. In Exp 1, treatments were: 1) C-SBM, 1.0% Ca and 0.45% aP; 2) C-SBM, 0.80% Ca and 0.25% aP; 3) Diet 1 + 600 FTU phytase/kg; 4) Diet 2 + 600 FTU phytase/kg; 5 to 8) Diets 1 to 4 but infected with coccidiosis. Weight gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI), and gain:feed were reduced (P < 0.01) by the coccidial infection and the reduction in Ca and aP. Phytase increased (P < 0.02) ADG and ADFI, regardless of the Ca and aP content of the diet or the presence of coccidiosis. Gain:feed was increased by phytase but only in uninfected chicks (phytase x coccidiosis interaction, P < 0.02). Phytase increased (P < 0.02) bone ash percentage but only in diets deficient in Ca and aP (P < 0.01). Experiments 2 and 3 included only treatments 1 to 4 of Exp 1. The reduction in Ca and aP reduced (P < 0.01) ADG, ADFI, and gain:feed. Phytase addition increased (P < 0.02) ADG and ADFI in diets deficient in Ca and aP and in the nutritionally adequate diets. Experiments 4, 5, and 6 were conducted to determine the effects of phytase on intestinal transit time in broilers. Diets were: 1) C-SBM, 0.9% Ca and 0.35% aP; 2) C-SBM, 0.80% Ca and 0.25% aP + 600 FTU phytase/kg. Transit time on Day 1, but not on Day 7, was faster (P < 0.03) in chicks fed phytase. These data indicate that phytase is effective in the presence of a coccidial infection, but it may not be as effective as in uninfected chicks. Futhermore, phytase increases growth in diets deficient in Ca and aP and in diets formulated to be adequate in all nutrients. This increase in growth may be due to a faster transit time of feed through the digestive tract, resulting in a greater feed intake and gain.

Go to article

Treatment Acceptability For The Prevention Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Effects Of Ethnicity, Weight, And Genetic Predisposition, Jean Marie Thaw Jan 2002

Treatment Acceptability For The Prevention Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Effects Of Ethnicity, Weight, And Genetic Predisposition, Jean Marie Thaw

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Childhood obesity and its associated health consequences, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, have dramatically increased over the past 30 years, with the greatest rise in African-American female children and adolescents. Although current prevention efforts show promising results, recent genetic findings may soon expand treatment strategies to include new medications and gene therapies specifically designed to prevent the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes in children. However, little is known about the acceptability of these interventions. The primary aim of this study was to examine the hypothetical impact of genetic knowledge on treatment acceptability in the prevention of childhood …

Go to article

Fecal Coliform Decay And Regrowth Kinetics In An Anaerobic Dairy Wastewater Environment, Shufang Liu Jan 2002

Fecal Coliform Decay And Regrowth Kinetics In An Anaerobic Dairy Wastewater Environment, Shufang Liu

LSU Master's Theses

The kinetics of fecal coliforms (FC) decay and regrowth were analyzed under laboratory conditions using filtered dairy wastewater under anaerobic conditions. The mean specific growth rates during the regrowth phase, µr , in the batch study were 1.79, 1.46, and 1.27d-1 for initial organic carbon concentrations of 478, 235 and 127 mg/L COD, respectively. The substrate concentrations had a significant impact on the FC regrowth. A maximum specific growth rate (mmax) of 1.92 d-1, and half-saturated coefficient (ks) of 60.92mg/L were determined from these data. The mean dark FC decay rate coefficients, kd , at 35oC in the batch study …

Go to article

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Parent Training Program On Adolescent Mothers And Their Communicative Interactions With Their Children, Sonja Lee Pruitt Jan 2002

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Parent Training Program On Adolescent Mothers And Their Communicative Interactions With Their Children, Sonja Lee Pruitt

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the “Tips About Talk” parent-training classes for increasing adolescent mothers’ knowledge about their children’s speech and language development and the quality of mothers’ interactions with their children. Seven mother-child dyads served as participants. All of the participating mothers were single, African American, and enrolled in a GED program. The mean age of the mothers was 20.57 years, and their mean educational level was 9.29 years. Their children were between the ages of 24 and 67 months. The experimental treatment involved four “Tips About Talk” parent-training workshops. The control …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last