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Louisiana State University

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Articles 1981 - 2010 of 4162

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High Fat Diet Partially Attenuates Fermentation Responses In Rats Fed Resistant Starch From High-Amylose Maize, Jason A. Charrier, Roy J. Martin, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Anne M. Raggio, Felicia Goldsmith, M'Famara Goita, Reshani N. Senevirathne, Ian L. Brown, Christine Pelkman, June Zhou, John Finley, Holiday A. Durham, Michael J. Keenan Nov 2013

High Fat Diet Partially Attenuates Fermentation Responses In Rats Fed Resistant Starch From High-Amylose Maize, Jason A. Charrier, Roy J. Martin, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Anne M. Raggio, Felicia Goldsmith, M'Famara Goita, Reshani N. Senevirathne, Ian L. Brown, Christine Pelkman, June Zhou, John Finley, Holiday A. Durham, Michael J. Keenan

Faculty Publications

Objective The effects of type 2 resistant starch from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) in rodents fed with low-fat diets were demonstrated in previous studies. Fish oil is also reported to reduce body fat. In the current study, the effects of high fat and fish oil on HAM-RS2 feeding in rats were investigated. Design and Methods Rats were fed 0 or 27% (weight) HAM-RS2 with low (15% energy) or high fat (42% energy) diets that included 0 or 10% (energy) tuna oil to test the effect of HAM-RS2 in diet-induced obesity and effects of tuna oil. Data were analyzed as 2 × …

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Dietary Resistant Starch Improves Selected Brain And Behavioral Functions In Adult And Aged Rodents, June Zhou, Michael J. Keenan, Sun Ok Fernandez-Kim, Paul J. Pistell, Donald K. Ingram, Bing Li, Anne M. Raggio, Li Shen, Hanjie Zhang, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Richard T. Tulley, Marc R. Blackman, Jeffrey N. Keller, Roy J. Martin Nov 2013

Dietary Resistant Starch Improves Selected Brain And Behavioral Functions In Adult And Aged Rodents, June Zhou, Michael J. Keenan, Sun Ok Fernandez-Kim, Paul J. Pistell, Donald K. Ingram, Bing Li, Anne M. Raggio, Li Shen, Hanjie Zhang, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Richard T. Tulley, Marc R. Blackman, Jeffrey N. Keller, Roy J. Martin

Faculty Publications

Resistant starch (RS) is a dietary fiber that exerts multiple beneficial effects. The current study explored the effects of dietary RS on selected brain and behavioral functions in adult and aged rodents. Because glucokinase (GK) expression in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and area postrema of the brainstem is important for brain glucose sensing, GK mRNA was measured by brain nuclei microdissection and PCR. Adult RS-fed rats had a higher GK mRNA than controls in both brain nuclei, an indicator of improved brain glucose sensing. Next, we tested whether dietary RS improve selected behaviors in aged mice. RS-fed aged mice exhibited (i) …

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Streptomyces Coelicolor Encodes A Urate-Responsive Transcriptional Regulator With Homology To Pecs From Plant Pathogens, Hao Huang, Brian J. Mackel, Anne Grove Oct 2013

Streptomyces Coelicolor Encodes A Urate-Responsive Transcriptional Regulator With Homology To Pecs From Plant Pathogens, Hao Huang, Brian J. Mackel, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

Many transcriptional regulators control gene activity by responding to specific ligands. Members of the multiple-antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR) family of transcriptional regulators feature prominently in this regard, and they frequently function as repressors in the absence of their cognate ligands. Plant pathogens such as Dickeya dadantii encode a MarR homolog named PecS that controls expression of a gene encoding the efflux pump PecM in addition to other virulence genes. We report here that the soil bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor also encodes a PecS homolog (SCO2647) that regulates a pecM gene (SCO2646). S. coelicolor PecS, which exists as a homodimer, binds the …

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Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates Myogenin Expression And Myogenesis Via Histone Deacetylase 5, Xing Fu, Jun Xing Zhao, Junfang Liang, Mei Jun Zhu, Marc Foretz, Benoit Viollet, Min Du Oct 2013

Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates Myogenin Expression And Myogenesis Via Histone Deacetylase 5, Xing Fu, Jun Xing Zhao, Junfang Liang, Mei Jun Zhu, Marc Foretz, Benoit Viollet, Min Du

Faculty Publications

There is a global epidemic of obesity, and obesity is known to inhibit AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and impairs myogenesis. Myogenin mediates the fusion of myoblasts into myotubes, a critical step in myogenesis. We observed that inhibition of AMPK1 downregulates myogenin expression and myogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We postulated that AMPK regulates myogenin expression through phosphorlytion of histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5). In C2C12 cells, HDAC5 knockdown increased while HDAC5 stablization by MC1568 reduced myogenin expression. Consistently, using luciferase assay, we observed that myogenin promoter activity was negatively regulated by HDAC5. Using RNA interference and primary myoblasts …

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Chemical Attraction Of Dermacentor Variabilis Ticks Parasitic To Peromyscus Leucopus Based On Host Body Mass And Sex, Tad Dallas, Stephanie Foré Oct 2013

Chemical Attraction Of Dermacentor Variabilis Ticks Parasitic To Peromyscus Leucopus Based On Host Body Mass And Sex, Tad Dallas, Stephanie Foré

Faculty Publications

Macroparasites are commonly aggregated on a small subset of a host population. Previous explanations for this aggregation relate to differences in immunocompetence or the degree to which hosts encounter parasites. We propose active tick host choice through chemical attraction as a potential mechanism leading to aggregated tick burdens. We test this hypothesis using a Y-maze olfactometer, comparing chemical attraction responses of larval and nymphal Dermacentor variabilis ticks parasitic to the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, as a function of host sex and host body mass. We hypothesized that larger hosts and male hosts would be most attractive to searching ticks, as …

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Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2013 Oct 2013

Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2013

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Naringenin Inhibits Adipogenesis And Reduces Insulin Sensitivity And Adiponectin Expression In Adipocytes, Allison J. Richard, Zhaleh Amini-Vaughan, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens Sep 2013

Naringenin Inhibits Adipogenesis And Reduces Insulin Sensitivity And Adiponectin Expression In Adipocytes, Allison J. Richard, Zhaleh Amini-Vaughan, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

Adipose tissue development and function are widely studied to examine the relationship between obesity and the metabolic syndrome. It is well documented that the inability of adipose tissue to properly increase its lipid storage capacity during the obese state can lead to metabolic dysfunction. In a blind screen of 425 botanicals, we identified naringenin as an inhibitor of adipocyte differentiation. Naringenin is one of the most abundant citrus flavonoids, and recent studies have demonstrated antihyperlipidemic capabilities. These studies have largely focused on the effects of naringenin on the liver. Our biochemical studies clearly demonstrate that naringenin inhibits adipogenesis and impairs …

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Evaluation Of 54 Years Of Centralized Performance Bull Testing At The Dean Lee Research And Extension Center (Bulletin #893), Tabitha Howard, Matthew Garcia, Kenneth Bondioli, Sidney Derouen Sep 2013

Evaluation Of 54 Years Of Centralized Performance Bull Testing At The Dean Lee Research And Extension Center (Bulletin #893), Tabitha Howard, Matthew Garcia, Kenneth Bondioli, Sidney Derouen

LSU AgCenter Bulletins

The first objective of this study was to evaluate 54 years of performance data to analyze performance trends from a centralized performance bull testing program conducted in central Louisiana. The second objective was to discuss how changes in performance trends observed in the Dean Lee Performance Bull Tests compare to other multidecade bull performance tests.

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Relationship Among Determinant Characters Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Use Efficiency In Maize, Felipe Bermudez Pereira, Júlio César Dovale, Pedro Crescêncio Souza Carneiro, Roberto Fritsche-Neto Sep 2013

Relationship Among Determinant Characters Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Use Efficiency In Maize, Felipe Bermudez Pereira, Júlio César Dovale, Pedro Crescêncio Souza Carneiro, Roberto Fritsche-Neto

Faculty Publications

The genetic improvement of N (EUN) and P (EUP) use efficiency is a less expensive and more sustainable way to obtain satisfactory grain yields. However, the lack of knowledge about the relationship among the determinant characters of nutrient use efficiency has made the use of early and indirect selection difficult. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the relationship among the determinant characters of nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency in maize. In this study, 14 lines and 39 single-cross hybrids were tested in two experiments with low and high N and P availability, in a completely randomized simple …

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Population Dynamics Of Three Aphid Species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) On Four Ipomoea Spp. Infected Or Noninfected With Sweetpotato Potyviruses, E. N. Wosula, J. A. Davis, C. A. Clark Aug 2013

Population Dynamics Of Three Aphid Species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) On Four Ipomoea Spp. Infected Or Noninfected With Sweetpotato Potyviruses, E. N. Wosula, J. A. Davis, C. A. Clark

Faculty Publications

Three aphid species, Aphis gossypii Glover and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (efficient sweetpotato potyvirus vectors) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (an inefficient vector), are commonly found in sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.), in Louisiana. Field-grown sweet potatoes are naturally infected with several potyviruses: Sweet potato feathery mottle virus, Sweet potato virus G, and Sweet potato virus 2. Thus, these aphids commonly encounter virus-infected hosts. What is not known is how each of these aphids responds to sweet potato, either infected or virus-free. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine if these aphid species can colonize mixed virus-infected sweet potato 'Beau-regard', …

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Systematic Review Of Three Decades Of Spanish Cardiovascular Epidemiology: Improving Translation For A Future Of Prevention, Manuel Franco, Usama Bilal, Eliseo Guallar, Ginés Sanz, Alicia F. Gómez, Valentín Fuster, Richard Cooper Aug 2013

Systematic Review Of Three Decades Of Spanish Cardiovascular Epidemiology: Improving Translation For A Future Of Prevention, Manuel Franco, Usama Bilal, Eliseo Guallar, Ginés Sanz, Alicia F. Gómez, Valentín Fuster, Richard Cooper

Faculty Publications

Background: In order to improve national cardiovascular disease (CVD) epidemiology and prevention, we systematically reviewed and analyzed the relevant literature produced in the last three decades for Spain. Design: Systematic Review. Methods: We searched for all the articles aiming to monitor CVD clinical endpoints and risk factors in the Spanish general population that were indexed in MEDLINE and EMBASE. Based on international recommendations, we analyzed each article with a three-level scoring system (low to high) for the following criteria: data quality, representativeness and translation of results into preventive interventions. Results: We reviewed 2565 articles, selecting 314 for in-depth analysis. Articles …

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Host-Microbe Interactions In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Rui Zhang, Aixin Hou Aug 2013

Host-Microbe Interactions In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Rui Zhang, Aixin Hou

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Transcriptional Profiling Of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea Batatas) Roots Indicates Down-Regulation Of Lignin Biosynthesis And Up-Regulation Of Starch Biosynthesis At An Early Stage Of Storage Root Formation, Nurit Firon, Don Labonte, Arthur Villordon, Yanir Kfir, Julio Solis, Evgenia Lapis, Temima Schnitzer Perlman, Adi Doron-Faigenboim, Amots Hetzroni, Leviah Althan, Lahan Adani Nadir Jul 2013

Transcriptional Profiling Of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea Batatas) Roots Indicates Down-Regulation Of Lignin Biosynthesis And Up-Regulation Of Starch Biosynthesis At An Early Stage Of Storage Root Formation, Nurit Firon, Don Labonte, Arthur Villordon, Yanir Kfir, Julio Solis, Evgenia Lapis, Temima Schnitzer Perlman, Adi Doron-Faigenboim, Amots Hetzroni, Leviah Althan, Lahan Adani Nadir

Faculty Publications

Background: The number of fibrous roots that develop into storage roots determines sweetpotato yield. The aim of the present study was to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation of storage root formation, by performing a detailed transcriptomic analysis of initiating storage roots using next-generation sequencing platforms. A two-step approach was undertaken: (1) generating a database for the sweetpotato root transcriptome using 454-Roche sequencing of a cDNA library created from pooled samples of two root types: fibrous and initiating storage roots; (2) comparing the expression profiles of initiating storage roots and fibrous roots, using the Illumina Genome Analyzer to …

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Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2013 Jul 2013

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2013

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels In African American And Nigerian Women, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, John F. Aloia, Lara R. Dugas, Bamidele O. Tayo, David A. Shoham, Anne Marie Bertino, James K. Yeh, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke Jul 2013

25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels In African American And Nigerian Women, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, John F. Aloia, Lara R. Dugas, Bamidele O. Tayo, David A. Shoham, Anne Marie Bertino, James K. Yeh, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke

Faculty Publications

Objectives: African Americans (AA) have substantially lower levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) than whites. We compared population-based samples of 25(OH)D in women of African descent from Nigeria and metropolitan Chicago. Methods: One hundred women of Yoruba ethnicity from southwest Nigeria and 94 African American women from metropolitan Chicago were recruited and compared using a standardized survey protocol and the same laboratory assay for 25(OH)D. Results: Mean 25(OH)D levels were 64 nmol/l among the Nigerians and 29 nmol/l among the AA. Only 10% of the values were shared in common between the groups, and 76% of the Nigerians were above …

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Reevaluating The Conceptual Framework For Applied Research On Host-Plant Resistance, Michael J. Stout Jun 2013

Reevaluating The Conceptual Framework For Applied Research On Host-Plant Resistance, Michael J. Stout

Faculty Publications

Applied research on host-plant resistance to arthropod pests has been guided over the past 60 years by a framework originally developed by Reginald Painter in his 1951 book, Insect Resistance in Crop Plants. Painter divided the "phenomena" of resistance into three "mechanisms," nonpreference (later renamed antixenosis), antibiosis, and tolerance. The weaknesses of this framework are discussed. In particular, this trichotomous framework does not encompass all known mechanisms of resistance, and the antixenosis and antibiosis categories are ambiguous and inseparable in practice. These features have perhaps led to a simplistic approach to understanding arthropod resistance in crop plants. A dichotomous scheme …

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A Meta-Analysis Identifies New Loci Associated With Body Mass Index In Individuals Of African Ancestry, Keri L. Monda, Gary K. Chen, Kira C. Taylor, Cameron Palmer, Todd L. Edwards, Leslie A. Lange, Maggie C.Y. Ng, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Matthew A. Allison, Lawrence F. Bielak, Guanjie Chen, Mariaelisa Graff, Marguerite R. Irvin, Suhn K. Rhie, Guo Li, Yongmei Liu, Youfang Liu, Yingchang Lu, Michael A. Nalls, Yan V. Sun, Mary K. Wojczynski, Lisa R. Yanek, Melinda C. Aldrich, Adeyinka Ademola, Christopher I. Amos, Elisa V. Bandera, Cathryn H. Bock, Angela Britton, Ulrich Broeckel, Quiyin Cai, Neil E. Caporaso, Chris S. Carlson, John Carpten Jun 2013

A Meta-Analysis Identifies New Loci Associated With Body Mass Index In Individuals Of African Ancestry, Keri L. Monda, Gary K. Chen, Kira C. Taylor, Cameron Palmer, Todd L. Edwards, Leslie A. Lange, Maggie C.Y. Ng, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Matthew A. Allison, Lawrence F. Bielak, Guanjie Chen, Mariaelisa Graff, Marguerite R. Irvin, Suhn K. Rhie, Guo Li, Yongmei Liu, Youfang Liu, Yingchang Lu, Michael A. Nalls, Yan V. Sun, Mary K. Wojczynski, Lisa R. Yanek, Melinda C. Aldrich, Adeyinka Ademola, Christopher I. Amos, Elisa V. Bandera, Cathryn H. Bock, Angela Britton, Ulrich Broeckel, Quiyin Cai, Neil E. Caporaso, Chris S. Carlson, John Carpten

Faculty Publications

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 36 loci associated with body mass index (BMI), predominantly in populations of European ancestry. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the association of >3.2 million SNPs with BMI in 39,144 men and women of African ancestry and followed up the most significant associations in an additional 32,268 individuals of African ancestry. We identified one new locus at 5q33 (GALNT10, rs7708584, P = 3.4 × 10-11) and another at 7p15 when we included data from the GIANT consortium (MIR148A-NFE2L3, rs10261878, P = 1.2 × 10-10). We also found suggestive evidence of an association at a …

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Dissemination Of Bloodmeal Acquired Rickettsia Felis In Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Chutima Thepparit, Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Vsevolod L. Popov, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso May 2013

Dissemination Of Bloodmeal Acquired Rickettsia Felis In Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Chutima Thepparit, Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Vsevolod L. Popov, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso

Faculty Publications

Background: Cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis, are known biological vectors for Rickettsia felis. Rickettsial transmission can be vertical via transovarial transmission within a flea population, as well as horizontal between fleas through a bloodmeal. The previously undescribed infection kinetics of bloodmeal-acquired R. felis in cat fleas provides insight into the R. felis-flea interaction. Findings. In the present study, dissemination of R. felis in previously uninfected cat fleas fed an R. felis-infected bloodmeal was investigated. At weekly intervals for 28 days, rickettsial propagation, accumulation, and dissemination in gut epithelial cells, specifically in the hindgut and the specialized cells in the neck region …

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Lead Uptake In Diverse Plant Families: A Study Applying X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy, Gudrun L. Bovenkamp, Alexander Prange, Wolfgang Schumacher, Kyungmin Ham, Aaron P. Smith, Josef Hormes May 2013

Lead Uptake In Diverse Plant Families: A Study Applying X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy, Gudrun L. Bovenkamp, Alexander Prange, Wolfgang Schumacher, Kyungmin Ham, Aaron P. Smith, Josef Hormes

Faculty Publications

The chemical environment of lead in roots and leaves of plants from four different plant families and a lichen from a former lead mining site in the Eifel Mountains in Germany was determined by Pb L3-edge XANES measurements using solid reference compounds and also aqueous solutions of different ionic strength simulating the plant environment. Pb2+ ions in the plants were found to have two major coordinations, one with nine oxygen atoms in the first coordination shell similar to outer-sphere complexation and a second coordination with just three oxygen atoms similar to inner-sphere complexation. This can be interpreted assuming that lead …

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Changes In Plasma Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone, Acth, Prolactin, Gh, Lh, Fsh, And Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone In Response To Injection Of Sulpiride, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, Or Vehicle In Insulin-Sensitive And -Insensitive Mares, N. Arana Valencia, D. L. Thompson, P. B. Mitcham May 2013

Changes In Plasma Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone, Acth, Prolactin, Gh, Lh, Fsh, And Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone In Response To Injection Of Sulpiride, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, Or Vehicle In Insulin-Sensitive And -Insensitive Mares, N. Arana Valencia, D. L. Thompson, P. B. Mitcham

Faculty Publications

Six insulin-sensitive and 6 insulin-insensitive mares were used in a replicated 3 by 3 Latin square design to determine the pituitary hormonal responses (compared with vehicle) to sulpiride and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), 2 compounds commonly used to diagnose pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) in horses. Mares were classified as insulin sensitive or insensitive by their previous glucose responses to direct injection of human recombinant insulin. Treatment days were February 25, 2012, and March 10 and 24, 2012. Treatments were sulpiride (racemic mixture, 0.01 mg/kg BW), TRH (0.002 mg/kg BW), and vehicle (saline, 0.01 mL/kg BW) administered intravenously. Blood samples were …

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Resistant Starch From High Amylose Maize (Ham-Rs2) Reduces Body Fat And Increases Gut Bacteria In Ovariectomized (Ovx) Rats, Michael J. Keenan, Marlene Janes, Julina Robert, Roy J. Martin, Anne M. Raggio, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Christine Pelkman, Richard Tulley, M'Famara Goita, Holiday A. Durham, June Zhou, Reshani N. Senevirathne May 2013

Resistant Starch From High Amylose Maize (Ham-Rs2) Reduces Body Fat And Increases Gut Bacteria In Ovariectomized (Ovx) Rats, Michael J. Keenan, Marlene Janes, Julina Robert, Roy J. Martin, Anne M. Raggio, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Christine Pelkman, Richard Tulley, M'Famara Goita, Holiday A. Durham, June Zhou, Reshani N. Senevirathne

Faculty Publications

Objective: Obesity after menopause is a health concern for older females. Changes in the microbiota are likely to occur with this condition. Modifying the microbiota with a prebiotic is a plausible strategy for improving the health of menopausal females. Design and Methods: Resistant starch type 2 from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) was used as a prebiotic in rats in a 2 × 2 factorial study with two levels of HAM-RS2 (0 or 29.7% of weight of diet) referred to as energy control (EC) and HAM-RS2 diets, respectively; and two levels of surgery, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham. Results: In a 6-week, postsurgery …

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Chronic Inflammation, Vitamin D Status And Body Composition In College-Aged Individuals, Mollye Baker May 2013

Chronic Inflammation, Vitamin D Status And Body Composition In College-Aged Individuals, Mollye Baker

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Toxicologic Assessment Of A Commercial Decolorized Whole Leaf Aloe Vera Juice, Lily Of The Desert Filtered Whole Leaf Juice With Aloesorb, Inder Sehgal, Wallace D. Winters, Michael Scott, Andrew David, Glenn Gillis, Thaya Stoufflet, Anand Nair, Konstantine Kousoulas Apr 2013

Toxicologic Assessment Of A Commercial Decolorized Whole Leaf Aloe Vera Juice, Lily Of The Desert Filtered Whole Leaf Juice With Aloesorb, Inder Sehgal, Wallace D. Winters, Michael Scott, Andrew David, Glenn Gillis, Thaya Stoufflet, Anand Nair, Konstantine Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

Aloe vera, a common ingredient in cosmetics, is increasingly being consumed as a beverage supplement. Although consumer interest in aloe likely stems from its association with several health benefits, a concern has also been raised by a National Toxicology Program Report that a nondecolorized whole leaf aloe vera extract taken internally by rats was associated with intestinal mucosal hyperplasia and ultimately malignancy. We tested a decolorized whole leaf (DCWL) aloe vera, treated with activated charcoal to remove the latex portion of the plant, for genotoxicity in bacteria, acute/subacute toxicity in B6C3F1 mice, and subchronic toxicity in F344 rats. We found …

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Differential Undertaking Response Of A Lower Termite To Congeneric And Conspecific Corpses, Qian Sun, Kenneth F. Haynes, Xuguo Zhou Apr 2013

Differential Undertaking Response Of A Lower Termite To Congeneric And Conspecific Corpses, Qian Sun, Kenneth F. Haynes, Xuguo Zhou

Faculty Publications

Undertaking behaviour is an essential activity in social insects. Corpses are often recognized by a postmortem change in a chemical signature.Reticulitermes flavipesresponded to corpses within minutes of death. This undertaking behaviour did not change with longer postmortem time (24 h); however,R.flavipes exhibited distinctively different behaviours toward dead termites from various origins. Corpses of the congeneric species, Reticulitermes virginicus,were buried onsite by workers with a large group of soldiers guarding the burial site due to the risk of interspecific competition; while dead conspecifics, regardless of colony origin, were pulled back into the holding chamber for nutrient recycling and hygienic purposes. The …

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Louisiana Agriculture Spring, 2013 Apr 2013

Louisiana Agriculture Spring, 2013

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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The Vocal Mechanism Of Two Songbirds, The Bengalese Finch (Lonchura Striata) And The Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis Cardinalis): 3d Modeling Of Complex Skeleto-Muscular Systems Based On Computer Visualization And Animation Of X-Ray Ct Data, Caroline Blevins Apr 2013

The Vocal Mechanism Of Two Songbirds, The Bengalese Finch (Lonchura Striata) And The Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis Cardinalis): 3d Modeling Of Complex Skeleto-Muscular Systems Based On Computer Visualization And Animation Of X-Ray Ct Data, Caroline Blevins

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Corpse Management In Social Insects, Qian Sun, Xuguo Zhou Mar 2013

Corpse Management In Social Insects, Qian Sun, Xuguo Zhou

Faculty Publications

Undertaking behavior is an essential adaptation to social life that is critical for colony hygiene in enclosed nests. Social insects dispose of dead individuals in various fashions to prevent further contact between corpses and living members in a colony. Focusing on three groups of eusocial insects (bees, ants, and termites) in two phylogenetically distant orders (Hymenoptera and Isoptera), we review mechanisms of death recognition, convergent and divergent behavioral re-sponses toward dead individuals, and undertaking task allocation from the perspective of division of labor. Distinctly different solutions (e.g., corpse removal, burial and cannibalism) have evolved, independently, in the holometabolous hymenopterans and …

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Snp Discovery And Chromosome Anchoring Provide The First Physically-Anchored Hexaploid Oat Map And Reveal Synteny With Model Species, Rebekah E. Oliver, Nicholas A. Tinker, Gerard R. Lazo, Shiaoman Chao, Eric N. Jellen, Martin L. Carson, Howard W. Rines, Donald E. Obert, Joseph D. Lutz, Irene Shackelford, Abraham B. Korol, Charlene P. Wight, Kyle M. Gardner, Jiro Hattori, Aaron D. Beattie, Åsmund Bjørnstad, J. Michael Bonman, Jean Luc Jannink, Mark E. Sorrells, Gina L. Brown-Guedira, Jennifer W. Mitchell Fetch, Stephen A. Harrison, Catherine J. Howarth, Amir Ibrahim, Frederic L. Kolb, Michael S. Mcmullen, J. Paul Murphy, Herbert W. Ohm, Brian G. Rossnagel, Weikai Yan, Kelci J. Miclaus, Jordan Hiller, Peter J. Maughan Mar 2013

Snp Discovery And Chromosome Anchoring Provide The First Physically-Anchored Hexaploid Oat Map And Reveal Synteny With Model Species, Rebekah E. Oliver, Nicholas A. Tinker, Gerard R. Lazo, Shiaoman Chao, Eric N. Jellen, Martin L. Carson, Howard W. Rines, Donald E. Obert, Joseph D. Lutz, Irene Shackelford, Abraham B. Korol, Charlene P. Wight, Kyle M. Gardner, Jiro Hattori, Aaron D. Beattie, Åsmund Bjørnstad, J. Michael Bonman, Jean Luc Jannink, Mark E. Sorrells, Gina L. Brown-Guedira, Jennifer W. Mitchell Fetch, Stephen A. Harrison, Catherine J. Howarth, Amir Ibrahim, Frederic L. Kolb, Michael S. Mcmullen, J. Paul Murphy, Herbert W. Ohm, Brian G. Rossnagel, Weikai Yan, Kelci J. Miclaus, Jordan Hiller, Peter J. Maughan

Faculty Publications

A physically anchored consensus map is foundational to modern genomics research; however, construction of such a map in oat (Avena sativa L., 2n = 6x = 42) has been hindered by the size and complexity of the genome, the scarcity of robust molecular markers, and the lack of aneuploid stocks. Resources developed in this study include a modified SNP discovery method for complex genomes, a diverse set of oat SNP markers, and a novel chromosome-deficient SNP anchoring strategy. These resources were applied to build the first complete, physically-anchored consensus map of hexaploid oat. Approximately 11,000 high-confidence in silico SNPs were …

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A 5-Day Method For Determination Of Soluble Silicon Concentrations In Nonliquid Fertilizer Materials Using A Sodium Carbonate-Ammonium Nitrate Extractant Followed By Visible Spectroscopy With Heteropoly Blue Analysis: Single-Laboratory Validation, Dennis Sebastian, Hugh Rodrigues, Charles Kinsey, Gaspar Korndörfer, Hamilton Pereira, Guilherme Buck, Lawrence Datnoff, Stephen Miranda, Mary Provance-Bowley Mar 2013

A 5-Day Method For Determination Of Soluble Silicon Concentrations In Nonliquid Fertilizer Materials Using A Sodium Carbonate-Ammonium Nitrate Extractant Followed By Visible Spectroscopy With Heteropoly Blue Analysis: Single-Laboratory Validation, Dennis Sebastian, Hugh Rodrigues, Charles Kinsey, Gaspar Korndörfer, Hamilton Pereira, Guilherme Buck, Lawrence Datnoff, Stephen Miranda, Mary Provance-Bowley

Faculty Publications

A 5-day method for determining the soluble silicon (Si) concentrations in nonliquid fertilizer products was developed using a sodium carbonate (Na 2CO3)-ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) extractant followed by visible spectroscopy with heteropoly blue analysis at 660 nm. The 5-Day Na2CO3-NH4NO3 Soluble Si Extraction Method can be applied to quantify the plant-available Si in solid fertilizer products at levels ranging from 0.2 to 8.4% Si with an LOD of 0.06%, and LOQ of 0.20%. This Si extraction method for fertilizers correlates well with plant uptake of Si (r2 = 0.96 for a range of solid fertilizers) and is applicable to solid Si …

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Blacks And Whites In The Cuba Have Equal Prevalence Of Hypertension: Confirmation From A New Population Survey, Pedro Ordúñez, Jay S. Kaufman, Mikhail Benet, Alain Morejon, Luis C. Silva, David A. Shoham, Richard S. Cooper Feb 2013

Blacks And Whites In The Cuba Have Equal Prevalence Of Hypertension: Confirmation From A New Population Survey, Pedro Ordúñez, Jay S. Kaufman, Mikhail Benet, Alain Morejon, Luis C. Silva, David A. Shoham, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Background: The excess burden of hypertension among blacks has been a prominent feature of the heath disparities literature, and many scientists presume it to be a stable and inevitable phenomenon. The underlying causes of this disparity can only be disentangled in a setting in which the population does not experience racial stratification of socioeconomic opportunities. While such conditions of racial equality remain uncommon, they may be approximated in Cuba, a country with a persistent policy of social inclusion over the last 5 decades. Methods. We report on a 2010-2011 stratified probability sample of those aged 15-74 years from the urban …

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