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Weight Gain Reveals Dramatic Increases In Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, Charmaine S. Tam, Jeffrey D. Covington, Sudip Bajpeyi, Yourka Tchoukalova, David Burk, Darcy L. Johannsen, Cristina M. Zingaretti, Saverio Cinti, Eric Ravussin Jan 2014

Weight Gain Reveals Dramatic Increases In Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, Charmaine S. Tam, Jeffrey D. Covington, Sudip Bajpeyi, Yourka Tchoukalova, David Burk, Darcy L. Johannsen, Cristina M. Zingaretti, Saverio Cinti, Eric Ravussin

Faculty Publications

Context: In animal models of obesity, chronic inflammation and dysregulated extracellular matrix remodeling in adipose tissue leads to insulin resistance. Whether similar pathophysiology occurs in humans is not clear. Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether 10% weight gain induced by overfeeding triggers inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling (gene expression, protein, histology) in skeletal muscleandsc adipose tissue in humans.Wealso investigated whether such remodelingwas associated with an impaired metabolic response (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp). Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: Twenty-nine free-living males were fed 40% over their baseline energy requirements for 8 weeks. Results: Ten percent body weight gain prompted …

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Environmental Influences On Maize-Aspergillus Flavus Interactions And Aflatoxin Production, Jake C. Fountain, Brian T. Scully, Xinzhi Ni, Robert C. Kemerait, Robert D. Lee, Zhi Yuan Chen, Baozhu Guo Jan 2014

Environmental Influences On Maize-Aspergillus Flavus Interactions And Aflatoxin Production, Jake C. Fountain, Brian T. Scully, Xinzhi Ni, Robert C. Kemerait, Robert D. Lee, Zhi Yuan Chen, Baozhu Guo

Faculty Publications

Since the early 1960s, the fungal pathogen Aspergillus flavus (Link ex Fr.) has been the focus of intensive research due to the production of carcinogenic and highly toxic secondary metabolites collectively known as aflatoxins following pre-harvest colonization of crops. Given this recurrent problem and the occurrence of a severe aflatoxin outbreak in maize (Zea mays L.), particularly in the Southeast U.S. in the 1977 growing season, a significant research effort has been put forth to determine the nature of the interaction occurring between aflatoxin production, A. flavus, environment and its various hosts before harvest. Many studies have investigated this interaction …

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Vitamin D Levels Are Low In Adult Patients With Sickle Cell Disease In Jamaica And West Africa, Bamidele O. Tayo, Titilola S. Akingbola, Babatunde L. Salako, Colin A. Mckenzie, Marvin Reid, Jennifer Layden, Ifeyinwa Osunkwo, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Amy Luke, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu, Richard S. Cooper Jan 2014

Vitamin D Levels Are Low In Adult Patients With Sickle Cell Disease In Jamaica And West Africa, Bamidele O. Tayo, Titilola S. Akingbola, Babatunde L. Salako, Colin A. Mckenzie, Marvin Reid, Jennifer Layden, Ifeyinwa Osunkwo, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Amy Luke, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Background: Patients with sickle cell disease in the USA have been noted to have lower levels of vitamin D – measured as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) – compared to controls. Average serum 25(OH)D levels are also substantially lower in African Americans than whites, while population distributions of 25(OH)D among Jamaicans of African descent and West Africans are the same as among USA whites. The purpose of this study was to examine whether adult patients with sickle cell disease living in tropical regions had reduced 25(OH)D relative to the general population. Methods: We analyzed serum 25(OH)D in stored samples collected from studies …

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Physical Activity And Pre-Diabetes-An Unacknowledged Mid-Life Crisis: Findings From Nhanes 2003-2006, Kathryn Farni, David A. Shoham, Guichan Cao, Amy H. Luke, Jennifer Layden, Richard S. Cooper, Lara R. Dugas Jan 2014

Physical Activity And Pre-Diabetes-An Unacknowledged Mid-Life Crisis: Findings From Nhanes 2003-2006, Kathryn Farni, David A. Shoham, Guichan Cao, Amy H. Luke, Jennifer Layden, Richard S. Cooper, Lara R. Dugas

Faculty Publications

The prevalence of pre-diabetes (PD) among US adults has increased substantially over the past two decades. By current estimates, over 34% of US adults fall in the PD category, 84% of whom meet the American Diabetes Association's criteria for impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Low physical activity (PA) and/or sedentary behavior are key drivers of hyperglycemia. We examined the relationship between PD and objectively measured PA in NHANES 2003-2006 of 20,470 individuals, including 7,501 individuals between 20 and 65 yrs.We excluded all participants without IFG measures or adequate accelerometry data (final N = 1,317). Participants were identified as PD if FPG …

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Hypertension Subtypes Among Hypertensive Patients In Ibadan, Abiodun M. Adeoye, Adewole Adebiyi, Bamidele O. Tayo, Babatunde L. Salako, Adesola Ogunniyi, Richard S. Cooper Jan 2014

Hypertension Subtypes Among Hypertensive Patients In Ibadan, Abiodun M. Adeoye, Adewole Adebiyi, Bamidele O. Tayo, Babatunde L. Salako, Adesola Ogunniyi, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Background. Certain hypertension subtypes have been shown to increase the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and may be related to specific underlying genetic determinants. Inappropriate characterization of subtypes of hypertension makes efforts at elucidating the genetic contributions to the etiology of hypertension largely vapid. We report the hypertension subtypes among patients with hypertension from South-Western Nigeria. Methods. A total of 1858 subjects comprising 76% female, hypertensive, aged 18 and above were recruited into the study from two centers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Hypertension was identified using JNCVII definition and was further grouped into four subtypes: controlled hypertension (CH), isolated systolic …

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Distribution Of Metals Exposure And Associations With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In The "Modeling The Epidemiologic Transition Study", Adrienne S. Ettinger, Pascal Bovet, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Terrence E. Forrester, Estelle V. Lambert, Nicola Lupoli, James Shine, Lara R. Dugas, David Shoham, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke Jan 2014

Distribution Of Metals Exposure And Associations With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In The "Modeling The Epidemiologic Transition Study", Adrienne S. Ettinger, Pascal Bovet, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Terrence E. Forrester, Estelle V. Lambert, Nicola Lupoli, James Shine, Lara R. Dugas, David Shoham, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke

Faculty Publications

Background: Metals are known endocrine disruptors and have been linked to cardiometabolic diseases via multiple potential mechanisms, yet few human studies have both the exposure variability and biologically-relevant phenotype data available. We sought to examine the distribution of metals exposure and potential associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in the "Modeling the Epidemiologic Transition Study" (METS), a prospective cohort study designed to assess energy balance and change in body weight, diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in five countries at different stages of social and economic development. Methods: Young adults (25-45 years) of African descent were enrolled (N = 500 from each …

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The Common Marmoset Genome Provides Insight Into Primate Biology And Evolution, Kim C. Worley, Wesley C. Warren, Jeffrey Rogers, Devin Locke, Donna M. Muzny, Elaine R. Mardis, George M. Weinstock, Suzette D. Tardif, Kjersti M. Aagaard, Nicoletta Archidiacono, Nirmala Arul Rayan, Mark A. Batzer, Kathryn Beal, Brona Brejova, Oronzo Capozzi, Saverio B. Capuano, Claudio Casola, Mimi M. Chandrabose, Andrew Cree, Marvin Diep Dao, Pieter J. De Jong, Ricardo Cruz-Herrera Del Rosario, Kim D. Delehaunty, Huyen H. Dinh, Evan E. Eichler, Stephen Fitzgerald, Paul Flicek, Catherine C. Fontenot, R. Gerald Fowler, Catrina Fronick, Lucinda A. Fulton, Robert S. Fulton, Ramatu Ayiesha Gabisi, Daniel Gerlach Jan 2014

The Common Marmoset Genome Provides Insight Into Primate Biology And Evolution, Kim C. Worley, Wesley C. Warren, Jeffrey Rogers, Devin Locke, Donna M. Muzny, Elaine R. Mardis, George M. Weinstock, Suzette D. Tardif, Kjersti M. Aagaard, Nicoletta Archidiacono, Nirmala Arul Rayan, Mark A. Batzer, Kathryn Beal, Brona Brejova, Oronzo Capozzi, Saverio B. Capuano, Claudio Casola, Mimi M. Chandrabose, Andrew Cree, Marvin Diep Dao, Pieter J. De Jong, Ricardo Cruz-Herrera Del Rosario, Kim D. Delehaunty, Huyen H. Dinh, Evan E. Eichler, Stephen Fitzgerald, Paul Flicek, Catherine C. Fontenot, R. Gerald Fowler, Catrina Fronick, Lucinda A. Fulton, Robert S. Fulton, Ramatu Ayiesha Gabisi, Daniel Gerlach

Faculty Publications

We report the whole-genome sequence of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). The 2.26-Gb genome of a female marmoset was assembled using Sanger read data (6×) and a whole-genome shotgun strategy. A first analysis has permitted comparison with the genomes of apes and Old World monkeys and the identification of specific features that might contribute to the unique biology of this diminutive primate, including genetic changes that may influence body size, frequent twinning and chimerism. We observed positive selection in growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor genes (growth pathways), respiratory complex I genes (metabolic pathways), and genes encoding immunobiological factors and proteases (reproductive …

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Sampling Locality Is More Detectable Than Taxonomy Or Ecology In The Gut Microbiota Of The Brood-Parasitic Brown-Headed Cowbird (Molothrus Ater), Sarah M. Hird, Bryan C. Carstens, Steven W. Cardiff, Donna L. Dittmann, Robb T. Brumfield Jan 2014

Sampling Locality Is More Detectable Than Taxonomy Or Ecology In The Gut Microbiota Of The Brood-Parasitic Brown-Headed Cowbird (Molothrus Ater), Sarah M. Hird, Bryan C. Carstens, Steven W. Cardiff, Donna L. Dittmann, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) are the most widespread avian brood parasite in North America, laying their eggs in the nests of approximately 250 host species that raise the cowbird nestlings as their own. It is currently unknown how these heterospecific hosts influence the cowbird gut microbiota relative to other factors, such as the local environment and genetics. We test a Nature Hypothesis (positing the importance of cowbird genetics) and a Nurture Hypothesis (where the host parents are most influential to cowbird gut microbiota) using the V6 region of 16S rRNA as a microbial fingerprint of the gut from 32 cowbird …

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Aerobic And Strength Training In Concomitant Metabolic Syndrome And Type 2 Diabetes, Conrad P. Earnest, Neil M. Johannsen, Damon L. Swift, Fiona B. Gillison, Catherine R. Mikus, Alejandro Lucia, Kimberly Kramer, Carl J. Lavie, Timothy S. Church Jan 2014

Aerobic And Strength Training In Concomitant Metabolic Syndrome And Type 2 Diabetes, Conrad P. Earnest, Neil M. Johannsen, Damon L. Swift, Fiona B. Gillison, Catherine R. Mikus, Alejandro Lucia, Kimberly Kramer, Carl J. Lavie, Timothy S. Church

Faculty Publications

Purpose: Concomitant type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome exacerbates mortality risk; yet, few studies have examined the effect of combining (AER + RES) aerobic (AER) and resistance (RES) training for individuals with T2D and metabolic syndrome. Methods: We examined AER, RES, and AER + RES training (9 months) commensurate with physical activity guidelines in individuals with T2D (n = 262; 63% female, 44% black). Primary outcomes were change in, and prevalence of, metabolic syndrome score at follow-up (mean and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Secondary outcomes included maximal cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak) and estimated METs from time-to-exhaustion (TTE) and exercise efficiency …

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Index Selection Of Tropical Maize Genotypes For Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Ítalo Stefanine Correia Granato, Felipe Pereira Bermudez, Gabriel Gonçalves Dos Reis, Julio César Dovale, Glauco Vieira Miranda, Roberto Fritsche-Neto Jan 2014

Index Selection Of Tropical Maize Genotypes For Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Ítalo Stefanine Correia Granato, Felipe Pereira Bermudez, Gabriel Gonçalves Dos Reis, Julio César Dovale, Glauco Vieira Miranda, Roberto Fritsche-Neto

Faculty Publications

Nitrogen (N) limitation in maize crops is related to the fact that the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization in maize does not exceed 50%, primarily due to volatilization, denitrification and soil leaching. Therefore, the development of new nitrogen use efficient (NUE) cultivars is necessary. The aim of the present study was to develop indices for the accurate selection of NUE maize genotypes for use in conditions of both high and low N availability. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse (20°45'14"S; 42°52'53"W) at the Federal University of Viçosa during October 2010. A total of 39 experimental hybrid combinations and 14 maize …

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An Ethanolic Extract Of Artemisia Dracunculus L. Regulates Gene Expression Of Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Enzymes In Skeletal Muscle: Potential Role In The Treatment Of Sarcopenic Obesity, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Gail Kilroy, Britton C. Day, Zhong Q. Wang, David M. Ribnicky, William T. Cefalu, Z. Elizabeth Floyd Jan 2014

An Ethanolic Extract Of Artemisia Dracunculus L. Regulates Gene Expression Of Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Enzymes In Skeletal Muscle: Potential Role In The Treatment Of Sarcopenic Obesity, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Gail Kilroy, Britton C. Day, Zhong Q. Wang, David M. Ribnicky, William T. Cefalu, Z. Elizabeth Floyd

Faculty Publications

Objective: Obesity is linked to insulin resistance, a primary component of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The problem of obesity-related insulin resistance is compounded when age-related skeletal muscle loss, called sarcopenia, occurs with obesity. Skeletal muscle loss results from elevated levels of protein degradation and prevention of obesity-related sarcopenic muscle loss will depend on strategies that target pathways involved in protein degradation. An extract from Artemisia dracunculus, termed PMI 5011, improves insulin signaling and increases skeletal muscle myofiber size in a rodent model of obesity-related insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of PMI …

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Optimizing Sweetpotato Production For Fresh And Processing Markets Through Plant Spacing And Planting-Harvest Time, Ramón A. Arancibia, Cody D. Smith, Don R. Labonte, Jeffrey L. Main, Tara P. Smith, Arthur Q. Villordon Jan 2014

Optimizing Sweetpotato Production For Fresh And Processing Markets Through Plant Spacing And Planting-Harvest Time, Ramón A. Arancibia, Cody D. Smith, Don R. Labonte, Jeffrey L. Main, Tara P. Smith, Arthur Q. Villordon

Faculty Publications

Consumption of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) has increased in the past decade in part because of its nutritional and health attributes, and because of the availability and convenience of processed products. The sweetpotato processing industry is expanding and supplying more sweetpotato products than ever before. Unlike the medium-sized roots (U.S. no.1) preferred for fresh market, large (jumbo) roots is accepted and in certain cases desired by the processing industry, and overall yield is preferred over strict sizing requirements and aesthetic appeal. Therefore, this study investigated the yield increase and grade proportions in response to plant spacing and extension of the growing …

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Optimization Of Hot Water Treatment For Sprout And Spoilage Inhibition Of Cured Sweet Potato, Ershad Sheibani, Taejo Kim, Dja Shin Wang, Juan L. Silva, Ramon Arancibia, Frank B. Matta, David Picha Jan 2014

Optimization Of Hot Water Treatment For Sprout And Spoilage Inhibition Of Cured Sweet Potato, Ershad Sheibani, Taejo Kim, Dja Shin Wang, Juan L. Silva, Ramon Arancibia, Frank B. Matta, David Picha

Faculty Publications

The effect of hot water treatment on inhibition of sprouting and spoilage of cured sweet potatoes was investigated. The surface plot showed that as processing temperature and time of hot water treatment increased, spoilage increased until treated sweet potatoes showed 100% spoilage. The contour plot indicated that regardless of processing times (6-34min), minimal sprouting (20%) was observed between 55 and 62C. Hot water treatment below 50C increased sprouting up to 100%. The overlapped contour plot indicated that hot water treatment at 53-56C for less than 10min minimized spoilage (0-20%) and sprouting (30-50%) of cured sweet potatoes. Untreated sweet potatoes (control) …

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Bale Location Effects On Nutritive Value And Fermentation Characteristics Of Annual Ryegrass Bale Stored In In-Line Wrapping Silage, K. J. Han, M. E. Mccormick, S. M. Derouen, D. C. Blouin Jan 2014

Bale Location Effects On Nutritive Value And Fermentation Characteristics Of Annual Ryegrass Bale Stored In In-Line Wrapping Silage, K. J. Han, M. E. Mccormick, S. M. Derouen, D. C. Blouin

Faculty Publications

In southeastern regions of the US, herbage systems are primarily based on grazing or hay feeding with low nutritive value warm-season perennial grasses. Nutritious herbage such as annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) may be more suitable for preserving as baleage for winter feeding even with more intensive production inputs. Emerging in-line wrapped baleage storage systems featuring rapid wrapping and low polyethylene film requirements need to be tested for consistency of storing nutritive value of a range of annual ryegrass herbage. A ryegrass storage trial was conducted with 24-h wilted 'Marshall' annual ryegrass harvested at booting, heading and anthesis stages using …

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Evaluation Of Nutritive Value And In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Gas Accumulation Of De-Oiled Algal Residues, Kun Jun Han, Michael E. Mccormick Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Nutritive Value And In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Gas Accumulation Of De-Oiled Algal Residues, Kun Jun Han, Michael E. Mccormick

Faculty Publications

Background: Algae are widely recognized for their high oil content and for exponentially accumulating biomass with particular potential to provide single cell protein for human consumption or animal feed. It is believed that along with biodiesel from algae, the high protein de-oiled algal residue may become an alternative feed supplement option in the future. This study was conducted to investigate de-oiled algal residue obtained from the common Chlorella species, Thalassiosira weissflogii, Selenarstrum capricornutum, Scenedesmus sp., and Scenedesmus dimorphus for assessment as potential feed supplements for ruminants by comparing with soybean (Glycine max) meal and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) hay. Results: With …

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Moisture Concentration Variation Of Silages Produced On Commercial Farms In The South-Central Usa, K. J. Han, W. D. Pitman, A. Chapple Jan 2014

Moisture Concentration Variation Of Silages Produced On Commercial Farms In The South-Central Usa, K. J. Han, W. D. Pitman, A. Chapple

Faculty Publications

Preservation of forage crops as silage offers opportunity to avoid the high risk of rain-damaged hay in the humid south-central USA. Recent developments with baled silage or baleage make silage a less expensive option than typical chopped silage. Silage has been important in the region primarily for dairy production, but baleage has become an option for the more extensive beef cattle industry in the region. Silage samples submitted to the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Forage Quality Lab from 2006 through 2013 were assessed for dry matter (DM) and forage nutritive characteristics of chopped silage and baleage of the different …

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Effect Of Organic Carbon, C: N Ratio And Light On The Growth And Lipid Productivity Of Microalgae/Cyanobacteria Coculture, Athens Silaban, Rong Bai, M. Teresa Gutierrez-Wing, Ioan I. Negulescu, Kelly A. Rusch Jan 2014

Effect Of Organic Carbon, C: N Ratio And Light On The Growth And Lipid Productivity Of Microalgae/Cyanobacteria Coculture, Athens Silaban, Rong Bai, M. Teresa Gutierrez-Wing, Ioan I. Negulescu, Kelly A. Rusch

Faculty Publications

Current culture methods based on monocultures under phototrophic regimes are prone to contamination, predation, and collapse. Native cultures of multiple species are adapted to the local conditions and are more robust against contamination and predation. Growth, lipid and biomass productivity of a Louisiana native coculture of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) and cyanobacteria (Leptolyngbya sp.) in heterotrophic and mixotrophic regimes were investigated. Dextrose and sodium acetate at C:N ratios of 15:1 and 30:1 under heterotrophic (dark) and mixotrophic (400 μmol m-2 s-1) regimes were compared with autotrophic controls. The carbon source and C:N ratio impacted growth and biomass productivity. Mixotrophic cultures with …

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Effect Of Process Mixing On The Size Distribution And Mean Diameter Of The Thiol-Triacrylate Microcapsules, Rubaiyet Abedin Jan 2014

Effect Of Process Mixing On The Size Distribution And Mean Diameter Of The Thiol-Triacrylate Microcapsules, Rubaiyet Abedin

LSU Master's Theses

An important limitation in the development of the microparticles is the difficulty to develop a precise size distribution. Microparticles have a wide spread applicability in different fields including medical, pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetics, pesticide, printing industry, etc. The large and growing impact of microencapsulation in different fields of technology has made this process important. Microparticle size is a primary determinant of control release mechanism and the reaction kinetics and also impacts the allowable routes of administration, The main objective of this research work is to evaluate the effect of the process mixing on the size and size distribution of the trithiol-triacrylate …

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Screening For Resistance To Sugarcane Brown Rust With Controlled Conditions Inoculation, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa Jan 2014

Screening For Resistance To Sugarcane Brown Rust With Controlled Conditions Inoculation, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa

LSU Master's Theses

Brown rust, caused by Puccinia melanocephala, is an important disease of sugarcane. Breeding for host plant resistance is the primary control measure. Screening for resistance has relied on rating the severity of symptoms caused by natural infection; however, erratic results make this method problematic. A method accomplishing both infection and disease expression under controlled conditions could avoid the problems associated with resistance evaluations under natural infection. Inoculation of seedlings was evaluated to determine whether it could provide accurate resistance ratings in cross appraisal, and inoculation under controlled conditions was evaluated for the potential to accurately determine resistance reactions in clones …

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Impacts Of Feeding Baleage To Beef Calves During The Backgrounding Period, Rachel Morgan Martin Jan 2014

Impacts Of Feeding Baleage To Beef Calves During The Backgrounding Period, Rachel Morgan Martin

LSU Master's Theses

Two hundred forty beef calves (BW = 217 ± 20.6 kg) were used to evaluate performance, blood metabolites, and rumen development from feeding bermudagrass or ryegrass and rye baleage. Calves were stratified by BW, sex, and breed and assigned to one of 12 paddocks (0.40 ha each) with 4 treatment diets and fed for a 60 d backgrounding period. Diets included: early boot stage bermudagrass hay, (BERH); early boot stage ryegrass and rye baleage (ERRG); late bloom stage ryegrass and rye baleage, (LRRG); and early boot stage bermudagrass baleage, (BERB). Calves on BERH, LRRG, and BERB had free choice access …

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Effects Of Brief Motivational Interviewing On Motivation For Weight Loss, Krystal Marie Waldo Jan 2014

Effects Of Brief Motivational Interviewing On Motivation For Weight Loss, Krystal Marie Waldo

LSU Master's Theses

Obesity rates have continued to increase over the past decade with a current estimate of 35.7% of adults who are obese in the United States. Several behavioral weight loss programs are available to individuals, which typically lead to a 10% decrease in body weight; however, most individuals begin gaining weight after six months. Long-term weight maintenance interventions may be needed to help individuals keep the weight off and more cost-effective, and tailored weight-loss treatments need to be available. Motivation may play an important role in long-term weight maintenance. Self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1995) states that it is important …

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Does Reproductive Potential Of Red Snapper In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Differ Among Natural And Artificial Habitats?, Hilary Day Glenn Jan 2014

Does Reproductive Potential Of Red Snapper In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Differ Among Natural And Artificial Habitats?, Hilary Day Glenn

LSU Master's Theses

This study compares the reproductive potential of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) at artificial and natural habitats. Natural habitats are areas of vertical relief created from biogenic/geologic processes that are thought to be the historical centers of abundance for red snapper in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Red snapper were collected from 2011 to 2013 at three natural habitat sites and two artificial habitat oil and gas platform sites. The mean gonadosomatic indices (GSI), maturity at size and age, spawning indicators, batch fecundity, spawning frequency, and annual fecundity for red snapper at each habitat were analyzed to examine reproductive potential among …

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Synthesis And Analysis Of Copper Beta-Diketonate Complexes, Jonathan Stephen Casey Jan 2014

Synthesis And Analysis Of Copper Beta-Diketonate Complexes, Jonathan Stephen Casey

LSU Master's Theses

This research addresses the synthesis and characterization of Cu(II) complexes of silicon-based multidentate β-diketonate ligands. The possible products of the synthesis include (where L represents the coordinated ligand) cube Cu12L8, decahedron Cu24L16, and dodecahedron Cu30L20. This study aims to determine the structure of these discrete molecules, which may have applications in drug delivery, fuel storage, and chemical retention. Different techniques were involved in the characterization of Cu(II) complexes: Electrospray Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (ESI-TOF MS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Analytical Ultracentrifugation (AUC). In ESI-TOF MS, the exact mass of the molecules was attempted to be determined by …

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Is The Foliar Yellow Vein Of Some Ornamental Plants Caused By Plant Viruses?, Favio Eduardo Herrera Jan 2014

Is The Foliar Yellow Vein Of Some Ornamental Plants Caused By Plant Viruses?, Favio Eduardo Herrera

LSU Master's Theses

Plant viruses have shown to be the cause of the yellow vein symptoms on the foliage of several ornamental plants. In this study five ornamental plants: oxalis (Oxalis debilis var. corymbosa) cv. Golden Veined Oxalis, geranium (Pelargonium peltatum) cv. Crocodile, pseuderanthemum (Pseuderanthemum carruthersii) cv. Golden Net Bush (narrow leaf and broad leaf variants), honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) cv. Yellow Net Honeysuckle and coleus (Solenostemon scutellarioides) cv. Electric Lime, showing foliar yellow vein were used. Graft transmissions indicated that, except for coleus, the foliar yellow vein of all other plants was caused by infectious agents, likely plant viruses. With the exception of …

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Relationship Of Total Phenolic Contents, Dpph Activities And Anti-Lipid-Oxidation Capabilities Of Different Bioactive Beverages And Phenolic Antioxidants, Yongchao Zhu Jan 2014

Relationship Of Total Phenolic Contents, Dpph Activities And Anti-Lipid-Oxidation Capabilities Of Different Bioactive Beverages And Phenolic Antioxidants, Yongchao Zhu

LSU Master's Theses

Polyphenol compounds are widely used as antioxidants in food processing. The conventional phenolic content, scavenging DPPH free radical assays have been widely used for antioxidant evaluation. This research aimed to study the correlation between scavenging DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical activity, total phenolic content and anti-lipid-oxidation capability of natural and synthetic antioxidants and four beverages drinks. Synthetic phenol antioxidants, BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), PG (propyl gallate), TBHQ (tert-butylhydroquinone) and naturally occurring phenolics ƒÑ-T(£\-tocopherol), CA(Chlorogenic acid), GA(Gallic acid), QCT(Quercetin), RSV(Resveratrol), and SA(Syringic acid) were examined for their total phenolic content (TPC) and scavenging DPPH free radical activity. The anti-lipid-oxidation …

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A Comparison Of Calcium And Magnesium Ratios In Soilless Media For Optimum Vegetable Production Irrigated With Alkaline Ph Water, Sarah E. Bertrand Jan 2014

A Comparison Of Calcium And Magnesium Ratios In Soilless Media For Optimum Vegetable Production Irrigated With Alkaline Ph Water, Sarah E. Bertrand

LSU Master's Theses

Home gardeners in areas with alkaline water sources do not have means of acidifying water for vegetable production. A solution to achieving optimal yields with alkaline irrigation water is to use specialized media; however, current media available does not meet these needs. New media recipes with varied levels (0 to 8 lbs/yd3) and sources of Ca (dolomitic lime, calcium sulfate) and Mg (dolomitic lime, magnesium sulfate) were tested using alkaline irrigation on lettuce, cabbage, and cauliflower crops under high tunnel and on nursery yard sites. Media treatments with an 80:20 bark:peat and 7.1 kg/m3 slow release 15-9-11 base mix and …

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The Effect Of Cooking Methods On The Quality Of Refrigerated And Frozen Whole Crawfish Procambarus Clarkii Girard And Procambarus Zonangulus, John Bradley Shackelford Jan 2014

The Effect Of Cooking Methods On The Quality Of Refrigerated And Frozen Whole Crawfish Procambarus Clarkii Girard And Procambarus Zonangulus, John Bradley Shackelford

LSU Master's Theses

Louisiana is famous for its diverse food, culture, and festivals. Crawfish are synonymous with Louisiana cuisine. Approximately 90% of the crawfish harvested in the United States are harvested in Louisiana, but their availability is seasonal (NOAA 2014). Both in-state and out-of-state demand for whole cooked crawfish and for their availability outside the normal harvest season has increased. There is interest from crawfish processors on whether or not steaming of crawfish results in a higher yield than boiling, as traditionally done. This study measures yield, quality parameters, and shelf life of whole boiled and steamed crawfish held in either refrigerated or …

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Memory Self-Efficacy And Beliefs About Memory Controllability In Late Life, Bethany A. Lyon Jan 2014

Memory Self-Efficacy And Beliefs About Memory Controllability In Late Life, Bethany A. Lyon

LSU Master's Theses

The Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC) model for lifespan development (Baltes & Baltes, 1990) holds that as we age, our goals change from growth to maintenance. When people face difficulties, they work to minimize losses in order to maintain skills they already have physically, mentally, and socially. Thus, we compensate when possible in order to maintain the life we have established. In the case of memory people assume that there is little they can do when memory starts to fail and forgetfulness becomes more prominent. In the present research, we examine memory self-appraisals to provide new evidence on memory self-efficacy …

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Assessment Of Habitat Quality For Red Snapper, Lutjanus Campechanus, In The Northwestern Gulf Of Mexico: Natural Vs. Artificial Reefs, Brittany Dawn Schwartzkopf Jan 2014

Assessment Of Habitat Quality For Red Snapper, Lutjanus Campechanus, In The Northwestern Gulf Of Mexico: Natural Vs. Artificial Reefs, Brittany Dawn Schwartzkopf

LSU Master's Theses

Habitat quality of natural and artificial reefs for red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) is important as this area is home to the majority of the Gulf’s artificial reef system, in the form of oil and gas platforms, in addition to the largest extent of high vertical relief natural habitat. This study sought to assess habitat quality of natural reefs of varying habitat complexity and an artificial reef complex located on the LA continental shelf. Habitat quality was assessed by comparing red snapper diets and foraging patterns, and nutritional condition using the liver-somatic index (LSI) …

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Growth And Mortality Of Spat, Seed, And Market-Sized Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) In Low Salinities And High Temperatures, Molly Marie Rybovich Jan 2014

Growth And Mortality Of Spat, Seed, And Market-Sized Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) In Low Salinities And High Temperatures, Molly Marie Rybovich

LSU Master's Theses

Changes in the timing and interaction of seasonal high temperatures and low salinity as predicted by climate change models could dramatically alter oyster population dynamics. Little is known explicitly about how low salinity and high temperature combinations affect spat (<25 mm), seed (26-75 mm), and market (>75 mm) oyster growth and mortality. Using lab and field studies, this project quantified the combined effects of extremely low salinities (< 5) and high temperatures (>30 oC) on growth and survival of spat, seed, and market-sized oysters. In 2012 and 2013, hatchery-produced oysters were placed in open and closed bags at three sites in Breton Sound, LA, along a salinity gradient which typically …

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