Digital Commons Network^™

The Detection Of The Norovirus In A Wastewater Treatment Plant As A Potential Source Of Environmental Contamination, Dorothee Goettert

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

In Vivo Evaluation Of An Automated Pressure Sore Reducer, Linda J. Cross

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Mapping Of Pathogenic Vibrio Spp. Densities In The Gulf Of Mexico And Their Relationship To Fecal Indicators Used In Oyster Harvest Regulation, Morgan Taylor

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Shifting Stability: Identity In The World Of Louise Erdrich, Karah M. Mitchell

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Development, Implementation, And Evaluation Of A Media-Awareness Wellness Program For High School Students, Rachel Firmin Johnson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

A Mixed Ecologic-Cohort Comparison Of Physical Activity & Weight Among Young Adults From Five Populations Of African Origin, Amy Luke, Pascal Bovet, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Terrence E. Forrester, Estelle V. Lambert, Dale A. Schoeller, Lara R. Dugas, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, David A. Shoham, Guichan Cao, Soren Brage, Ulf Ekelund, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Background: Examination of patterns and intensity of physical activity (PA) across cultures where obesity prevalence varies widely provides insight into one aspect of the ongoing epidemiologic transition. The primary hypothesis being addressed is whether low levels of PA are associated with excess weight and adiposity. Methods. We recruited young adults from five countries (500 per country, 2500 total, ages 25-45 years), spanning the range of obesity prevalence. Men and women were recruited from a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, USA; urban Jamaica; rural Ghana; peri-urban South Africa; and the Seychelles. PA was measured using accelerometry and expressed as minutes per day …

The Comparison Of Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 3 To Green Fluorescent Protein As A Marker For Leptin Receptor Expressing Neurons, Bhumit Desai

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

S14rs Sgr No. 30 (Food Allergens - Lsu Dining), Gore

Student Senate Enrolled Legislation

No abstract provided.

Louisiana Agriculture Spring, 2014

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Increased Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Consumption And Its Effect On Macular Pigment Optical Density: The Eye Health In College-Age Students Iii Pilot Study, Markita M. Lewis

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Welfare Sanctions On Infant Mortality In Louisiana Parishes, Jackson Voss

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Resistant Starch From High Amylose Maize (Ham-Rs2) And Dietary Butyrate Reduce Abdominal Fat By A Different Apparent Mechanism, Kirk Vidrine, Jianping Ye, Roy J. Martin, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Anne M. Raggio, Christine Pelkman, Holiday A. Durham, June Zhou, Reshani N. Senevirathne, Cathy Williams, Frank Greenway, John Finley, Zhanguo Gao, Felicia Goldsmith, Michael J. Keenan

Faculty Publications

Objective Obesity is a health concern. Resistant starch (RS) type 2 from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) and dietary sodium butyrate (SB) reduce abdominal fat in rodents. RS treatment is associated with increased gut hormones peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), but it is not known if SB increases these hormones. Design and Methods This was investigated in a 2 × 2 rat study with HAM-RS2 (0 or 28% weight) and dietary sodium butyrate (0 and 3.2%) resulting in isocaloric treatments: energy control (EC), sodium butyrate (SB), HAM-RS2 (RS), and the combination (SBRS). Results RS and SB reduced abdominal fat …

Resistant Starch From High Amylose Maize (Ham-Rs2) And Dietary Butyrate Reduce Abdominal Fat By A Different Apparent Mechanism, Kirk Vidrine, Jianping Ye, Roy J. Martin, Kathleen L. Mccutcheon, Anne M. Raggio, Christine Pelkman, Holiday A. Durham, June Zhou, Reshani N. Senevirathne, Cathy Williams, Frank Greenway, John Finley, Zhanguo Gao, Felicia Goldsmith, Michael J. Keenan

Faculty Publications

Objective Obesity is a health concern. Resistant starch (RS) type 2 from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) and dietary sodium butyrate (SB) reduce abdominal fat in rodents. RS treatment is associated with increased gut hormones peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), but it is not known if SB increases these hormones. Design and Methods This was investigated in a 2 × 2 rat study with HAM-RS2 (0 or 28% weight) and dietary sodium butyrate (0 and 3.2%) resulting in isocaloric treatments: energy control (EC), sodium butyrate (SB), HAM-RS2 (RS), and the combination (SBRS). Results RS and SB reduced abdominal fat …

Oncostatin M Is Produced In Adipose Tissue And Is Regulated In Conditions Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes, David Sanchez-Infantes, Ursula A. White, Carrie M. Elks, Ron F. Morrison, Jeffrey M. Gimble, Robert V. Considine, Anthony W. Ferrante, Eric Ravussin, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

Context: Adipose tissue is a highly active endocrine organ that secretes many factors that affect other tissues and whole-body metabolism. Adipocytes are responsive to several glycoprotein 130 (gp130) cytokines, some of which have been targeted as potential antiobesity therapeutics. Objective: Oncostatin M (OSM) is a gp130 family member known to inhibit adipocyte differentiation in vitro, but its effects on other adipocyte properties are not characterized. The expression of OSM in white adipose tissue (WAT) has not been evaluated in the context of obesity. Thus, our objective was to examine the expression of adipose tissue OSM in obese animals and humans. …

Fetal Baboon Sex-Specific Outcomes In Adipocyte Differentiation At 0.9 Gestation In Response To Moderate Maternal Nutrient Reduction, Y. D. Tchoukalova, R. Krishnapuram, U. A. White, D. Burk, X. Fang, M. J. Nijland, P. W. Nathanielsz

Faculty Publications

Objective:To investigate in vitro adipocyte differentiation in baboon fetuses in response to reduced maternal nutrition.Design:Cross-sectional comparison of adipocyte differentiation in normally grown fetuses and fetuses of pregnant baboons fed 70% of the control global diet from 30 days of pregnancy to term.Subjects:The subjects comprised control (CTR) fetuses (five female and five male) of mothers fed ad libitum and fetuses of mothers fed 70% of the global diet consumed by CTR (maternal nutrient reduction (MNR), five female and five male fetuses). The expression of genes/proteins involved in adipogenesis (PPARγ, FABP4 and adiponectin) and brown adipose tissue development (UCP1, TBX15 and COXIV) …

Contributions Of Adipose Tissue Architectural And Tensile Properties Toward Defining Healthy And Unhealthy Obesity, Denise E. Lackey, David H. Burk, Mohamed R. Ali, Rouzbeh Mostaedi, William H. Smith, Jiyoung Park, Philipp E. Scherer, Shundra A. Seay, Colin S. Mccoin, Paolo Bonaldo, Sean H. Adams

Faculty Publications

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the maintenance of white adipose tissue (WAT) architecture and function, and proper ECM remodeling is critical to support WAT malleability to accomodate changes in energy storage needs. Obesity and adipocyte hypertrophy place a strain on the ECM remodeling machinery, which may promote disordered ECM and altered tissue integrity and could promote proinflammatory and cell stress signals. To explore these questions, new methods were developed to quantify omental and subcutaneous WAT tensile strength and WAT collagen content by three-dimensional confocal imaging, using collagen VI knockout mice as a methods validation tool. These …

Genomics Of Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Dong Ha Oh, Maheshi Dassanayake, Hyewon Hong, Suja George, Seol Ki Paeng, Anna Kropornika, Ray A. Bressan, Sang Yeol Lee, Dae Jin Yun, Hans J. Bohnert

Faculty Publications

© 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Genome sequences and RNA-seq data provide unparalleled views into the genetic basis that underlies plant phenotypes. This chapter outlines a paradigm shift in plant biology originating from the relative ease of generating sequences, and points to tools that have enabled global transcript analyses (RNA-seq), replacing arduous microarray hybridization experiments and laborious quantitative RT-PCR platform designs. Soon, it can be envisioned that one may replace individual transcript assays by measuring how the entire transcriptome responds globally to a manipulation or mutation. The chapter advances a position that the knowledge of genome content and …

Erratum: Peg3 Mutational Effects On Reproduction And Placenta-Specific Gene Families (Plos One (2014) 9:1 Doi: 10.1371/Annotation/8de03ec5-E62c-4135-87ee- 4928475090a8), Joomyeong Kim, Wesley D. Frey, Hongzhi He, Hana Kim, Muhammad B. Ekram, Arundhati Bakshi, Mohammad Faisal, Bambarendage P.U. Perera, An Ye, Ryoichi Teruyama

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Aphid Amino Acid Transporter Regulates Glutamine Supply To Intracellular Bacterial Symbionts, Daniel R.G. Price, Honglin Feng, James D. Baker, Selvan Bavan, Charles W. Luetje, Alex C.C. Wilson

Faculty Publications

Endosymbiotic associations have played a major role in evolution. However, the molecular basis for the biochemical interdependence of these associations remains poorly understood. The aphid-Buchnera endosymbiosis provides a powerful system to elucidate how these symbioses are regulated. In aphids, the supply of essential amino acids depends on an ancient nutritional symbiotic association with the gamma-proteobacterium Buchnera aphidicola. Buchnera cells are densely packed in specialized aphid bacteriocyte cells. Here we confirm that five putative amino acid transporters are highly expressed and/or highly enriched in Acyrthosiphon pisum bacteriocyte tissues. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, two bacteriocyte amino acid transporters displayed significant …

Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 2014, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

Gumbo Yearbook

The Gumbo yearbook chronicles the entire academic year at LSU. In words and especially photos, the Gumbo shows the people, places, and events that make each year unique. In addition to formal portraits of schools and departments, the book contains hundreds of snapshots of students with their friends and dozens of pages showcasing organizations.

Role Of Adipose Tissue In The Pathogenesis And Treatment Of Metabolic Syndrome, David Sanchez-Infantes, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014. Adipocytes are highly specialized cells that play a major role in energy homeostasis in vertebrate organisms. Excess adipocyte size or number is a hallmark of obesity, which is currently a global epidemic. Obesity is not only the primary disease of fat cells, but also a major risk factor for the development of Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Today, adipocytes and adipose tissue are no longer considered passive participants in metabolic pathways. In addition to storing lipid, adipocytes are highly insulin sensitive cells that have important endocrine functions. Altering any …

Response Of Native Insect Communities To Invasive Plants, T. Martijn Bezemer, Jeffrey A. Harvey, James T. Cronin

Faculty Publications

Invasive plants can disrupt a range of trophic interactions in native communities. As a novel resource they can affect the performance of native insect herbivores and their natural enemies such as parasitoids and predators, and this can lead to host shifts of these herbivores and natural enemies. Through the release of volatile compounds, and by changing the chemical complexity of the habitat, invasive plants can also affect the behavior of native insects such as herbivores, parasitoids, and pollinators. Studies that compare insects on related native and invasive plants in invaded habitats show that the abundance of insect herbivores is often …

Sexual Differences Of Imprinted Genes' Expression Levels, Mohammad Faisal, Hana Kim, Joomyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

In mammals, genomic imprinting has evolved as a dosage-controlling mechanism for a subset of genes that play critical roles in their unusual reproduction scheme involving viviparity and placentation. As such, many imprinted genes are highly expressed in sex-specific reproductive organs. In the current study, we sought to test whether imprinted genes are differentially expressed between the two sexes. According to the results, the expression levels of the following genes differ between the two sexes of mice: Peg3, Zim1, Igf2, H19 and Zac1. The expression levels of these imprinted genes are usually greater in males than in females. This bias is …

Marrow Of Tragedy: The Health Crisis Of The American Civil War, Rea Andrew Redd

Civil War Book Review

The Issue of Public Health in a Time of War

At the American Sociological Association’s annual meeting during August, 1986, Maris A. Vinovskis posed a question: “Have social historians lost the Civil War?" He stated that indeed the “social historians of the nineteenth century appear to hav....

Ruminant Self-Medication Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes: Evidence, Mechanism, And Origins Ẫ†, Juan J. Villalba, James Miller, Eugene D. Ungar, Serge Y. Landau, John Glendinning

Faculty Publications

Gastrointestinal helminths challenge ruminants in ways that reduce their fitness. In turn, ruminants have evolved physiological and behavioral adaptations that counteract this challenge. Ruminants display anorexia and avoidance behaviors, which tend to reduce the incidence of parasitism. In addition, ruminants appear to learn to self-medicate against gastrointestinal parasites by increasing consumption of plant secondary compounds with antiparasitic actions. This selective feeding improves health and fitness. Here, we review the evidence for self-medication in ruminants, propose a hypothesis to explain self-medicative behaviors (based on post-ingestive consequences), and discuss mechanisms (e.g., enhanced neophilia, social transmission) that may underlie the ontogeny and spread …

Evaluation Of Alfalfa Inter-Seeding Effect On Bahiagrass Baleage Fermentation And Lactating Holstein Performance, Michael E. Mccormick, Kun Jun Han, Vinicius R. Moreira, David C. Blouin

Faculty Publications

© 2014 McCormick et al. Background: Previous research indicates that bahiagrass may be successfully conserved as baleage, but nutritive value is typically low for lactating dairy cows. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding modest amounts of alfalfa forage (22%), achieved by inter-seeding alfalfa into an existing bahiagrass pasture, on baleage nutritive value and lactation performance of Holstein cows. Forage treatments employed were monoculture bahiagrass baleage (MBB; negative control), bahiagrass-alfalfa mixture baleage (BAB) and conventional corn silage (CCS; positive control). Thirty six mid lactation Holstein cows [34.8 ± 5.8 kg 3.5% fat-corrected milk and 112 …

Enteric Yaiw Is A Surface-Exposed Outer Membrane Lipoprotein That Affects Sensitivity To An Antimicrobial Peptide, Markus F.F. Arnold, Paola Caro-Hernandez, Karen Tan, Giulia Runti, Silvia Wehmeier, Marco Scocchi, William T. Doerrler, Graham C. Walker, Gail P. Ferguson

Faculty Publications

yaiW is a previously uncharacterized gene found in enteric bacteria that is of particular interest because it is located adjacent to the sbmA gene, whose bacA ortholog is required for Sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis and Brucella abortus pathogenesis. We show that yaiW is cotranscribed with sbmA in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Typhimurium strains. We present evidence that the YaiW is a palmitate-modified surface exposed outer membrane lipoprotein. Since BacA function affects the very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) modification of S. meliloti and B. abortus lipid A, we tested whether SbmA function might affect either the fatty acid modification …

Louisiana Agriculture Winter, 2014

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Artemisia Extracts Activate Pparγ, Promote Adipogenesis, And Enhance Insulin Sensitivity In Adipose Tissue Of Obese Mice, Allison J. Richard, Thomas P. Burris, David Sanchez-Infantes, Yongjun Wang, David M. Ribnicky, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

Objective: Studies have shown that the inability of adipose tissue to properly expand during the obese state or respond to insulin can lead to metabolic dysfunction. Artemisia is a diverse group of plants that has a history of medicinal use. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of ethanolic extracts of Artemisia scoparia (SCO) and Artemisia santolinifolia (SAN) to modulate adipocyte development in cultured adipocytes and white adipose tissue (WAT) function invivo using a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Method: Adipogenesis was assessed using Oil Red O staining and immunoblotting. A nuclear receptor specificity assay was used …

Myo-Inositol And Phytate Are Toxic To Formosan Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Lucas Veillon, Jared Bourgeois, Amanda Leblanc, Gregg Henderson, Brian D. Marx, Syed Muniruzzaman, Roger A. Laine

Faculty Publications

© 2014 Entomological Society of America. Several rare and common monosaccharides were screened for toxic effects on the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, with the aim of identifying environmentally friendly termiticides. myo-Inositol and phytic acid, which are nontoxic to mammals, were identified as potential termite control compounds. Feeding bioassays with termite workers, where both compounds were supplied on filter paper in concentrations from 160.2 to 1,281.7μg/mm3, showed concentration-dependent toxicity within 2 wk. Interestingly myo-inositol was nontoxic when administered to termites in agar (40 mg/ml) in the absence of a cellulosic food source, an unexplained phenomenon. In addition, decreased populations …