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The Negative Effects Of Pathogen-Infected Prey On Predators: A Meta-Analysis, Andrew J. Flick, Miguel A. Acevedo, Bret D. Elderd Nov 2016

The Negative Effects Of Pathogen-Infected Prey On Predators: A Meta-Analysis, Andrew J. Flick, Miguel A. Acevedo, Bret D. Elderd

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Authors Intra-guild predation (IGP) – where a top predator (IGPred) consumes both a basal resource and a competitor for that resource (IGPrey) – has become a fundamental part of understanding species interactions and community dynamics. IGP communities composed of intraguild predators and prey have been well studied; however, we know less about IGP communities composed of predators, pathogens, and resources. Resource quality plays an important role in community dynamics and may influence IGP dynamics as well. We conducted a meta-analysis on predator–pathogen–resource communities to determine whether resource quality mediated by the pathogen affected predator life-history traits and …

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Impact Of Different Fecal Processing Methods On Assessments Of Bacterial Diversity In The Human Intestine, Yu Hsin Hsieh, Courtney M. Peterson, Anne Raggio, Michael J. Keenan, Roy J. Martin, Eric Ravussin, Maria L. Marco Oct 2016

Impact Of Different Fecal Processing Methods On Assessments Of Bacterial Diversity In The Human Intestine, Yu Hsin Hsieh, Courtney M. Peterson, Anne Raggio, Michael J. Keenan, Roy J. Martin, Eric Ravussin, Maria L. Marco

Faculty Publications

The intestinal microbiota are integral to understanding the relationships between nutrition and health. Therefore, fecal sampling and processing protocols for metagenomic surveys should be sufficiently robust, accurate, and reliable to identify the microorganisms present. We investigated the use of different fecal preparation methods on the bacterial community structures identified in human stools. Complete stools were collected from six healthy individuals and processed according to the following methods: (i) randomly sampled fresh stool, (ii) fresh stool homogenized in a blender for 2 min, (iii) randomly sampled frozen stool, and (iv) frozen stool homogenized in a blender for 2 min, or (v) …

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Effects Of Using Phenotypic Means And Genotypic Values In Gge Biplot Analyses On Genotype By Environment Studies On Tropical Maize (Zea Mays), I. S.C. Granato, R. Fritsche-Neto, M. D.V. Resende, F. F. Silva Oct 2016

Effects Of Using Phenotypic Means And Genotypic Values In Gge Biplot Analyses On Genotype By Environment Studies On Tropical Maize (Zea Mays), I. S.C. Granato, R. Fritsche-Neto, M. D.V. Resende, F. F. Silva

Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the type and intensity of nutritional stress, and of the statistical treatment of the data, on the genotype x environment (G x E) interaction for tropical maize (Zea mays). For this purpose, 39 hybrid combinations were evaluated under low- and high-nitrogen and -phosphorus availability. The plants were harvested at the V6 stage, and the shoot dry mass was estimated. The variance components and genetic values were assessed using the restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction method, and subsequently analyzed using the GGE biplot method. We observed differences in the …

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Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2016 Oct 2016

Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2016

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Lsu Research Fall 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College Oct 2016

Lsu Research Fall 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

Research Magazine

LSU Research is published annually by the Office of Research & Economic Development, Louisiana State University.

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Faculty Senate Newsletter, September 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College Sep 2016

Faculty Senate Newsletter, September 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

LSU Faculty Senate Publications

Message from President: Academe is not immune to the new epidemic of affiliation. Often enough, thinking people choose careers in higher education owing in part to a desire to escape the avalanche of demographic labels—race; class; gender; ethnicity; income; educational level; zip code and associated social status; favorite URLs—that rolls over individuality and buries free thinking. Academe, many hope, provides the last bastion for individual achievement. The quest for liberty, whether from imposed group identities or mass movements, is, as revolutionaries soon discover, not so easy as expected. Even dissidents want to belong to something. Surprisingly, academic folk prize affiliation …

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Do Ploidy Level And Nuclear Genome Size And Latitude Of Origin Modify The Expression Of Phragmites Australis Traits And Interactions With Herbivores?, Laura A. Meyerson, James T. Cronin, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Hans Brix, Carla Lambertini, Magdalena Lučanová, Shelby Rinehart, Jan Suda, Petr Pyšek Sep 2016

Do Ploidy Level And Nuclear Genome Size And Latitude Of Origin Modify The Expression Of Phragmites Australis Traits And Interactions With Herbivores?, Laura A. Meyerson, James T. Cronin, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Hans Brix, Carla Lambertini, Magdalena Lučanová, Shelby Rinehart, Jan Suda, Petr Pyšek

Faculty Publications

© 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. We studied the relationship between genome size and ploidy level variation and plant traits for the reed grass Phragmites australis. Using a common garden approach on a global collection of populations in Aarhus, Denmark, we investigated the influence of monoploid genome size and ploidy level on the expression of P. australis growth, nutrition and herbivore-defense traits and whether monoploid genome size and ploidy level play different roles in plant trait expression. We found that both monoploid genome size and latitude of origin contributed to variation in traits that we studied for P. australis, with …

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The Macroecology Of Infectious Diseases: A New Perspective On Global-Scale Drivers Of Pathogen Distributions And Impacts, Patrick R. Stephens, Sonia Altizer, Katherine F. Smith, A. Alonso Aguirre, James H. Brown, Sarah A. Budischak, James E. Byers, Tad A. Dallas, T. Jonathan Davies, John M. Drake, Vanessa O. Ezenwa, Maxwell J. Farrell, John L. Gittleman, Barbara A. Han, Shan Huang, Rebecca A. Hutchinson, Pieter Johnson, Charles L. Nunn, David Onstad, Andrew Park, Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec, John P. Schmidt, Robert Poulin Sep 2016

The Macroecology Of Infectious Diseases: A New Perspective On Global-Scale Drivers Of Pathogen Distributions And Impacts, Patrick R. Stephens, Sonia Altizer, Katherine F. Smith, A. Alonso Aguirre, James H. Brown, Sarah A. Budischak, James E. Byers, Tad A. Dallas, T. Jonathan Davies, John M. Drake, Vanessa O. Ezenwa, Maxwell J. Farrell, John L. Gittleman, Barbara A. Han, Shan Huang, Rebecca A. Hutchinson, Pieter Johnson, Charles L. Nunn, David Onstad, Andrew Park, Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec, John P. Schmidt, Robert Poulin

Faculty Publications

© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS. Identifying drivers of infectious disease patterns and impacts at the broadest scales of organisation is one of the most crucial challenges for modern science, yet answers to many fundamental questions remain elusive. These include what factors commonly facilitate transmission of pathogens to novel host species, what drives variation in immune investment among host species, and more generally what drives global patterns of parasite diversity and distribution? Here we consider how the perspectives and tools of macroecology, a field that investigates patterns and processes at broad spatial, temporal and taxonomic scales, are expanding scientific …

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Population Genetic Structure Of Apple Scab (Venturia Inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter) In Iran, Leila Ebrahimi, Khalil Berdi Fotuhifar, Mohammad Javan Nikkhah, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, Niranjan Baisakh Sep 2016

Population Genetic Structure Of Apple Scab (Venturia Inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter) In Iran, Leila Ebrahimi, Khalil Berdi Fotuhifar, Mohammad Javan Nikkhah, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, Niranjan Baisakh

Faculty Publications

The population genetic structure of 278 Venturia inaequalis isolates, collected from different apple cultivars of eighteen different provinces in Iran, was investigated using 22 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Analysis of molecular variation, Bayesian clustering and Nei's genetic distance analyses based on 88 microsatellite alleles indicated substantial levels of gene flow among the collection sites. Ninety three percent of the variation was observed among the individuals within the populations and only 7% variation was observed among the populations. Structure analysis grouped the isolates into two populations. Maximum number of pathogen genotypes (44) was observed in the North of Iran that grows various …

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A Fungal Endophyte Helps Plants To Tolerate Root Herbivory Through Changes In Gibberellin And Jasmonate Signaling, Marco Cosme, Jing Lu, Matthias Erb, Michael Joseph Stout, Philipp Franken, Susanne Wurst Aug 2016

A Fungal Endophyte Helps Plants To Tolerate Root Herbivory Through Changes In Gibberellin And Jasmonate Signaling, Marco Cosme, Jing Lu, Matthias Erb, Michael Joseph Stout, Philipp Franken, Susanne Wurst

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2016 New Phytologist Trust. Plant–microbe mutualisms can improve plant defense, but the impact of root endophytes on below-ground herbivore interactions remains unknown. We investigated the effects of the root endophyte Piriformospora indica on interactions between rice (Oryza sativa) plants and its root herbivore rice water weevil (RWW; Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus), and how plant jasmonic acid (JA) and GA regulate this tripartite interaction. Glasshouse experiments with wild-type rice and coi1-18 and Eui1-OX mutants combined with nutrient, jasmonate and gene expression analyses were used to test: whether RWW adult herbivory above ground influences subsequent damage caused …

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Maternal Obesity Epigenetically Alters Visceral Fat Progenitor Cell Properties In Male Offspring Mice, Xingwei Liang, Qiyuan Yang, Xing Fu, Carl J. Rogers, Bo Wang, Hong Pan, Mei Jun Zhu, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Min Du Aug 2016

Maternal Obesity Epigenetically Alters Visceral Fat Progenitor Cell Properties In Male Offspring Mice, Xingwei Liang, Qiyuan Yang, Xing Fu, Carl J. Rogers, Bo Wang, Hong Pan, Mei Jun Zhu, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Min Du

Faculty Publications

© 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2016 The Physiological Society Key points: Maternal obesity reduces adipogenic progenitor density in offspring adipose tissue. The ability of adipose tissue expansion in the offspring of obese mothers is limited and is associated with metabolic dysfunction of adipose tissue when challenged with a high-fat diet. Maternal obesity induces DNA demethylation in the promoter of zinc finger protein 423, which renders progenitor cells with a high adipogenic capacity. Maternal obesity demonstrates long-term effects on the adipogenic capacity of progenitor cells in offspring adipose tissue, demonstrating a developmental programming effect. Abstract: Maternal obesity …

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Association Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D And Intact Parathyroid Hormone Levels Across Latitude Among Adults With African Ancestry, Holly Kramer, Pauline Camacho, John Aloia, Amy Luke, Pascal Bovet, Jacob Plange Rhule, Terrence Forrester, Vickie Lambert, Regina Harders, Lara Dugas, Richard Cooper, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu Aug 2016

Association Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D And Intact Parathyroid Hormone Levels Across Latitude Among Adults With African Ancestry, Holly Kramer, Pauline Camacho, John Aloia, Amy Luke, Pascal Bovet, Jacob Plange Rhule, Terrence Forrester, Vickie Lambert, Regina Harders, Lara Dugas, Richard Cooper, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu

Faculty Publications

Objective: To compare levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) associated with a plateauing of intact parathyroid (iPTH) across latitudes among adults with African ancestry. Methods: This study included approximately 500 adults of African ancestry ages 25 to 45 years living in 4 sites: Chicago, Illinois (41°N), Jamaica (17°N), Ghana (6°N), and South Africa (34°S). Multivariate linear regression models, a nonlinear logistic growth curve model, and piecewise linear models with a single knot were fitted to estimate the 25OHD level associated with a plateauing of iPTH with adjustment for covariates. Goodness of fit was compared using computer intensive permutation tests. Results: Mean …

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Invited Review: Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells In Intramuscular Connective Tissue Development, Z. G. Miao, L. P. Zhang, X. Fu, Q. Y. Yang, M. J. Zhu, M. V. Dodson, M. Du Jul 2016

Invited Review: Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells In Intramuscular Connective Tissue Development, Z. G. Miao, L. P. Zhang, X. Fu, Q. Y. Yang, M. J. Zhu, M. V. Dodson, M. Du

Faculty Publications

© The Animal Consortium 2015. The abundance and cross-linking of intramuscular connective tissue contributes to the background toughness of meat, and is thus undesirable. Connective tissue is mainly synthesized by intramuscular fibroblasts. Myocytes, adipocytes and fibroblasts are derived from a common pool of progenitor cells during the early embryonic development. It appears that multipotent mesenchymal stem cells first diverge into either myogenic or non-myogenic lineages; non-myogenic mesenchymal progenitors then develop into the stromal-vascular fraction of skeletal muscle wherein adipocytes, fibroblasts and derived mesenchymal progenitors reside. Because non-myogenic mesenchymal progenitors mainly undergo adipogenic or fibrogenic differentiation during muscle development, strengthening progenitor …

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Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2016, Lsu Agcenter Jul 2016

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2016, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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A Single Amino-Acid Substitution In The Sodium Transporter Hkt1 Associated With Plant Salt Tolerance, Akhtar Ali, Natalia Raddatz, Rashid Aman, Songmi Kim, Hyeong Cheol Park, Masood Jan, Dongwon Baek, Irfan Ullah Khan, Dong Ha Oh, Sang Yeol Lee, Ray A. Bressan, Keun Woo Lee, Albino Maggio, Jose M. Pardo, Hans J. Bohnert, Dae Jin Yun Jul 2016

A Single Amino-Acid Substitution In The Sodium Transporter Hkt1 Associated With Plant Salt Tolerance, Akhtar Ali, Natalia Raddatz, Rashid Aman, Songmi Kim, Hyeong Cheol Park, Masood Jan, Dongwon Baek, Irfan Ullah Khan, Dong Ha Oh, Sang Yeol Lee, Ray A. Bressan, Keun Woo Lee, Albino Maggio, Jose M. Pardo, Hans J. Bohnert, Dae Jin Yun

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. A crucial prerequisite for plant growth and survival is the maintenance of potassium uptake, especially when high sodium surrounds the root zone. The Arabidopsis HIGH-AFFINITY K+ TRANSPORTER1 (HKT1), and its homologs in other salt-sensitive dicots, contributes to salinity tolerance by removing Na+ from the transpiration stream. However, TsHKT1;2, one of three HKT1 copies in Thellungiella salsuginea, a halophytic Arabidopsis relative, acts as a K+transporter in the presence of Na+ in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Amino-acid sequence comparisons indicated differences between TsHKT1;2 and most other published HKT1 sequences with respect to an …

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Mitogen-Dependent Regulation Of Dusp1 Governs Erk And P38 Signaling During Early 3t3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation, Bradley S. Ferguson, Heesun Nam, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Ron F. Morrison Jul 2016

Mitogen-Dependent Regulation Of Dusp1 Governs Erk And P38 Signaling During Early 3t3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation, Bradley S. Ferguson, Heesun Nam, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Ron F. Morrison

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Knowledge concerning mechanisms that control proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes is essential to our understanding of adipocyte hyperplasia and the development of obesity. Evidence has shown that temporal regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is critical for coupling extracellular stimuli to cellular growth and differentiation. Using differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as a model of adipocyte hyperplasia, we examined a role for dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) on the timely modulation of MAPK signaling during states of growth arrest, proliferation, and differentiation. Using real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), we report that DUSP1 is induced during …

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The Global Alliance For Chronic Diseases Supports 15 Major Studies In Hypertension Prevention And Control In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Sheldon W.Tobe, Amir Attaran, Anniza De Villiers, Amber Featherstone, Jamie Forrest, Robert Kalyesubula, Julius Kamwesiga, Andre P. Kengne, Paul Camacho Lopez, Edward Mills, Barbara Mukasa, Katherine Muldoon, Jean Claude Tayari, Sanni Yaya, Ng Kien Keat, Juan Lopez Casas, Tara Mccready, Martin Mckee, Eleanor Ng, Robby Nieuwlaat, Ariffin Omar Zainal, Khalid Yusoff, Salim Yusuf, Norman Campbell, Kajiru Kilonzo, Peter Liu, Marion Marr, Karen Yeates, Xiangxian Feng, Feng He, Stephen Jan, Xian Li, Ching Ping Lin Jul 2016

The Global Alliance For Chronic Diseases Supports 15 Major Studies In Hypertension Prevention And Control In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Sheldon W.Tobe, Amir Attaran, Anniza De Villiers, Amber Featherstone, Jamie Forrest, Robert Kalyesubula, Julius Kamwesiga, Andre P. Kengne, Paul Camacho Lopez, Edward Mills, Barbara Mukasa, Katherine Muldoon, Jean Claude Tayari, Sanni Yaya, Ng Kien Keat, Juan Lopez Casas, Tara Mccready, Martin Mckee, Eleanor Ng, Robby Nieuwlaat, Ariffin Omar Zainal, Khalid Yusoff, Salim Yusuf, Norman Campbell, Kajiru Kilonzo, Peter Liu, Marion Marr, Karen Yeates, Xiangxian Feng, Feng He, Stephen Jan, Xian Li, Ching Ping Lin

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Meta-Analysis Of 49 549 Individuals Imputed With The 1000 Genomes Project Reveals An Exonic Damaging Variant In Angptl4 Determining Fasting Tg Levels, Elisabeth M. Van Leeuwen, Aniko Sabo, Joshua C. Bis, Jennifer E. Huffman, Ani Manichaikul, Albert V. Smith, Mary F. Feitosa, Serkalem Demissie, Peter K. Joshi, Qing Duan, Jonathan Marten, Jan B. Van Klinken, Ida Surakka, Ilja M. Nolte, Weihua Zhang, Hamdi Mbarek, Ruifang Li-Gao, Stella Trompet, Niek Verweij, Evangelos Evangelou, Leo Pekka Lyytikäinen, Bamidele O. Tayo, Joris Deelen, Peter J. Van Der Most, Sander W. Van Der Laan, Dan E. Arking, Alanna Morrison, Abbas Dehghan, Oscar H. Franco, Albert Hofman, Fernando Rivadeneira, Eric J. Sijbrands, Andre G. Uitterlinden Jul 2016

Meta-Analysis Of 49 549 Individuals Imputed With The 1000 Genomes Project Reveals An Exonic Damaging Variant In Angptl4 Determining Fasting Tg Levels, Elisabeth M. Van Leeuwen, Aniko Sabo, Joshua C. Bis, Jennifer E. Huffman, Ani Manichaikul, Albert V. Smith, Mary F. Feitosa, Serkalem Demissie, Peter K. Joshi, Qing Duan, Jonathan Marten, Jan B. Van Klinken, Ida Surakka, Ilja M. Nolte, Weihua Zhang, Hamdi Mbarek, Ruifang Li-Gao, Stella Trompet, Niek Verweij, Evangelos Evangelou, Leo Pekka Lyytikäinen, Bamidele O. Tayo, Joris Deelen, Peter J. Van Der Most, Sander W. Van Der Laan, Dan E. Arking, Alanna Morrison, Abbas Dehghan, Oscar H. Franco, Albert Hofman, Fernando Rivadeneira, Eric J. Sijbrands, Andre G. Uitterlinden

Faculty Publications

Background So far, more than 170 loci have been associated with circulating lipid levels through genomewide association studies (GWAS). These associations are largely driven by common variants, their function is often not known, and many are likely to be markers for the causal variants. In this study we aimed to identify more new rare and low-frequency functional variants associated with circulating lipid levels. Methods We used the 1000 Genomes Project as a reference panel for the imputations of GWAS data from ~60 000 individuals in the discovery stage and ~90 000 samples in the replication stage. Results Our study resulted …

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Population Genomics Related To Adaptation In Elite Oat Germplasm, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Yung Fen Huang, Wubishet A. Bekele, Don E. Obert, Ebrahiem Babiker, Aaron D. Beattie, Åsmund Bjørnstad, J. Michael Bonman, Martin L. Carson, Shiaoman Chao, Belaghihalli N. Gnanesh, Irene Griffiths, Stephen A. Harrison, Catherine J. Howarth, Gongshe Hu, Amir Ibrahim, Emir Islamovic, Eric W. Jackson, Jean Luc Jannink, Frederic L. Kolb, Michael S. Mcmullen, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, J. Paul Murphy, Herbert W. Ohm, Howard W. Rines, Brian G. Rossnagel, Jessica A. Schlueter, Mark E. Sorrells, Charlene P. Wight, Weikai Yan, Nicholas A. Tinker Jul 2016

Population Genomics Related To Adaptation In Elite Oat Germplasm, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Yung Fen Huang, Wubishet A. Bekele, Don E. Obert, Ebrahiem Babiker, Aaron D. Beattie, Åsmund Bjørnstad, J. Michael Bonman, Martin L. Carson, Shiaoman Chao, Belaghihalli N. Gnanesh, Irene Griffiths, Stephen A. Harrison, Catherine J. Howarth, Gongshe Hu, Amir Ibrahim, Emir Islamovic, Eric W. Jackson, Jean Luc Jannink, Frederic L. Kolb, Michael S. Mcmullen, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, J. Paul Murphy, Herbert W. Ohm, Howard W. Rines, Brian G. Rossnagel, Jessica A. Schlueter, Mark E. Sorrells, Charlene P. Wight, Weikai Yan, Nicholas A. Tinker

Faculty Publications

Six hundred thirty five oat (Avena sativa L.) lines and 4561 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were used to evaluate population structure, linkage disequilibrium (LD), and genotype-phenotype association with heading date. The first five principal components (PCs) accounted for 25.3% of genetic variation. Neither the eigenvalues of the first 25 PCs nor the cross-validation errors from K = 1 to 20 model-based analyses suggested a structured population. However, the PC and K = 2 model-based analyses supported clustering of lines on spring oat vs. southern United States origin, accounting for 16% of genetic variation (p < 0.0001). Single-locus F-statistic (FST) in the highest 1% of the distribution suggested linkage groups that may be differentiated between the two population subgroups. Population structure and kinship-corrected LD of r2 = 0.10 was observed at an average pairwise distance of 0.44 cM (0.71 and 2.64 cM within spring and southern oat, respectively). On most linkage groups LD decay was slower within southern lines than within the spring lines. A notable exception was found on linkage group Mrg28, where LD decay was substantially slower in the spring subpopulation. It is speculated that this may be caused by a heterogeneous translocation event on this chromosome. Association with heading date was most consistent across location-years on linkage groups Mrg02, Mrg12, Mrg13, and Mrg24.

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Population Genomics Related To Adaptation In Elite Oat Germplasm, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Yung Fen Huang, Wubishet A. Bekele, Don E. Obert, Ebrahiem Babiker, Aaron D. Beattie, Åsmund Bjørnstad, J. Michael Bonman, Martin L. Carson, Shiaoman Chao, Belaghihalli N. Gnanesh, Irene Griffiths, Stephen A. Harrison, Catherine J. Howarth, Gongshe Hu, Amir Ibrahim, Emir Islamovic, Eric W. Jackson, Jean Luc Jannink, Frederic L. Kolb, Michael S. Mcmullen, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, J. Paul Murphy, Herbert W. Ohm, Howard W. Rines, Brian G. Rossnagel, Jessica A. Schlueter, Mark E. Sorrells, Charlene P. Wight, Weikai Yan, Nicholas A. Tinker Jul 2016

Population Genomics Related To Adaptation In Elite Oat Germplasm, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Yung Fen Huang, Wubishet A. Bekele, Don E. Obert, Ebrahiem Babiker, Aaron D. Beattie, Åsmund Bjørnstad, J. Michael Bonman, Martin L. Carson, Shiaoman Chao, Belaghihalli N. Gnanesh, Irene Griffiths, Stephen A. Harrison, Catherine J. Howarth, Gongshe Hu, Amir Ibrahim, Emir Islamovic, Eric W. Jackson, Jean Luc Jannink, Frederic L. Kolb, Michael S. Mcmullen, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, J. Paul Murphy, Herbert W. Ohm, Howard W. Rines, Brian G. Rossnagel, Jessica A. Schlueter, Mark E. Sorrells, Charlene P. Wight, Weikai Yan, Nicholas A. Tinker

Faculty Publications

Six hundred thirty five oat ( L.) lines and 4561 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were used to evaluate population structure, linkage disequilibrium (LD), and genotype-phenotype association with heading date. The first five principal components (PCs) accounted for 25.3% of genetic variation. Neither the eigenvalues of the first 25 PCs nor the cross-validation errors from = 1 to 20 model-based analyses suggested a structured population. However, the PC and = 2 model-based analyses supported clustering of lines on spring oat vs. southern United States origin, accounting for 16% of genetic variation ( < 0.0001). Single-locus -statistic () in the highest 1% of the distribution suggested linkage groups that may be differentiated between the two population subgroups. Population structure and kinship-corrected LD of = 0.10 was observed at an average pairwise distance of 0.44 cM (0.71 and 2.64 cM within spring and southern oat, respectively). On most linkage groups LD decay was slower within southern lines than within the spring lines. A notable exception was found on linkage group Mrg28, where LD decay was substantially slower in the spring subpopulation. It is speculated that this may be caused by a heterogeneous translocation event on this chromosome. Association with heading date was most consistent across location-years on linkage groups Mrg02, Mrg12, Mrg13, and Mrg24.

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Genotype × Environment Interactions For East African Orange-Fleshed Sweetpotato Clones Evaluated Across Varying Ecogeographic Conditions In Uganda, Silver Tumwegamire, Patrick R. Rubaihayo, Wolfgang J. Grüneberg, Don R. Labonte, Robert O.M. Mwanga, Regina Kapinga Jul 2016

Genotype × Environment Interactions For East African Orange-Fleshed Sweetpotato Clones Evaluated Across Varying Ecogeographic Conditions In Uganda, Silver Tumwegamire, Patrick R. Rubaihayo, Wolfgang J. Grüneberg, Don R. Labonte, Robert O.M. Mwanga, Regina Kapinga

Faculty Publications

African dry and starchy (DS) orange-fleshed sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] (OFSP) cultivars, distinct from American moist or medium dry and sweet OFSP, have potential to fight vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in the world. This study assessed the genotype × environment (G × E) interactions in multienvironment trials (METs), the genetic correlations for total root yield (TYLD), biomass (BIOM), harvest index (HI), root dry matter (RDM), root starch (RST), root sucrose (RSU), root β-carotene, (RBC), root Fe (RFE), root Zn (RZN), root Ca (RCA), and root Mg (RMG) and the potential contributions of the cultivars to fight VAD and mineral …

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High-Resolution Spatial Distribution And Estimation Of Access To Improved Sanitation In Kenya, Peng Jia, John D. Anderson, Michael Leitner, Richard Rheingans Jul 2016

High-Resolution Spatial Distribution And Estimation Of Access To Improved Sanitation In Kenya, Peng Jia, John D. Anderson, Michael Leitner, Richard Rheingans

Faculty Publications

Background: Access to sanitation facilities is imperative in reducing the risk of multiple adverse health outcomes. A distinct disparity in sanitation exists among different wealth levels in many low-income countries, which may hinder the progress across each of the Millennium Development Goals. Methods: The surveyed households in 397 clusters from 2008-2009 Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys were divided into five wealth quintiles based on their national asset scores. A series of spatial analysis methods including excess risk, local spatial autocorrelation, and spatial interpolation were applied to observe disparities in coverage of improved sanitation among different wealth categories. The total number …

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Editorial: Ethylene’S Role In Plant Mineral Nutrition, Francisco J. Romera, Aaron P. Smith, Rafael Pérez-Vicente Jun 2016

Editorial: Ethylene’S Role In Plant Mineral Nutrition, Francisco J. Romera, Aaron P. Smith, Rafael Pérez-Vicente

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Dynamics Of Resprouting And Forest Regeneration Following Anthropogenic Land Use In The Central Amazon Basin, Scott Lawrence Kosiba Jun 2016

Dynamics Of Resprouting And Forest Regeneration Following Anthropogenic Land Use In The Central Amazon Basin, Scott Lawrence Kosiba

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Tree mortality is increasing with the effects of climate change and drought across the Amazon Basin while intense fires are becoming more prevalent. Tropical moist forest trees generally lack adaptations that protect against mortality during an intense fire, so anthropogenic burning typically kills high percentages of trees. Following disturbances where prescribed burning is used to limit woody encroachment and to fertilize the soil, abandoned land in central Amazonia becomes dominated by the pioneer tree genus, Vismia. Although the mechanisms by which Vismia comes to dominate previously-burned areas are not known, previous studies on anthropogenic land use and forest succession …

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Discovering Potential Protein, Carbohydrate, And Lipid Based Food Ingredients In A Co-Culture Of Microalgae, Chelsea Tyus Jun 2016

Discovering Potential Protein, Carbohydrate, And Lipid Based Food Ingredients In A Co-Culture Of Microalgae, Chelsea Tyus

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Louisiana Native Co-Culture of Microalgae (Chlorella Vulgaris L. and Cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya sp.) (CCA) was studied. CCA is a viable coculture for further investigation as a food component. This research characterized the proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids present in CCA. Algae cultivation parameters were controlled and analyzed. Treatment (Trt) 1 was CCA grown in cultures exposed to average scalar irradiance (ASI) of 1041 ± 269.18 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR and trt 2 was CCA grown in cultures exposed to ASI of 430 ± 96.03 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR. The trt (irradiance exposure) had the desired response on CCA species ratio Trt …

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Oviposition And Sex Ratio Of The Redbanded Stink Bug, Piezodorous Guildinii, In Soybean, Joshua H. Temple, Jeffrey A. Davis, Jarrod T. Hardke, Paul P. Price, B. Rogers Leonard Jun 2016

Oviposition And Sex Ratio Of The Redbanded Stink Bug, Piezodorous Guildinii, In Soybean, Joshua H. Temple, Jeffrey A. Davis, Jarrod T. Hardke, Paul P. Price, B. Rogers Leonard

Faculty Publications

Redbanded stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), is a significant soybean pest across the mid-south region of the United States. The objectives of these studies were to characterize: (1) redbanded stink bug oviposition in relationship to soybean maturity group (MG), plant structure, crop phenology, and vertical distribution within the plant canopy; and (2) redbanded stink bug adult sex ratios in relationship to soybean phenology. A total of 5645 redbanded stink bug eggs in 421 egg masses (clusters) were field collected from naturally-occurring populations in MG IV and V soybean over a three year period (2009 to 2011). The mean number of …

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Exposure To Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals During Gestation Lowers Energy Expenditure And Impairs Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function In Adult Mice, Erin J. Stephenson, Alyse Ragauskas, Sridhar Jaligama, Jeanna R. Redd, Jyothi Parvathareddy, Matthew J. Peloquin, Jordy Saravia, Joan C. Han, Stephania A. Cormier, Dave Bridges Jun 2016

Exposure To Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals During Gestation Lowers Energy Expenditure And Impairs Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function In Adult Mice, Erin J. Stephenson, Alyse Ragauskas, Sridhar Jaligama, Jeanna R. Redd, Jyothi Parvathareddy, Matthew J. Peloquin, Jordy Saravia, Joan C. Han, Stephania A. Cormier, Dave Bridges

Faculty Publications

© 2016 the American Physiological Society. We have investigated the effects of in utero exposure to environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) on growth, metabolism, energy utilization, and skeletal muscle mitochondria in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Pregnant mice were treated with laboratory-generated, combustion derived particular matter (MCP230). The adult offspring were placed on a high-fat diet for 12 wk, after which we observed a 9.8% increase in their body weight. The increase in body size observed in the MCP230-exposed mice was not associated with increases in food intake but was associated with a reduction in physical activity and lower …

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Hepatic Autophagy Contributes To The Metabolic Response To Dietary Protein Restriction, Tara M. Henagan, Thomas Laeger, Alexandra M. Navard, Diana Albarado, Robert C. Noland, Krisztian Stadler, Carrie M. Elks, David Burk, Christopher D. Morrison Jun 2016

Hepatic Autophagy Contributes To The Metabolic Response To Dietary Protein Restriction, Tara M. Henagan, Thomas Laeger, Alexandra M. Navard, Diana Albarado, Robert C. Noland, Krisztian Stadler, Carrie M. Elks, David Burk, Christopher D. Morrison

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Autophagy is an essential cellular response which acts to release stored cellular substrates during nutrient restriction, and particularly plays a key role in the cellular response to amino acid restriction. However, there has been limited work testing whether the induction of autophagy is required for adaptive metabolic responses to dietary protein restriction in the whole animal. Here, we found that moderate dietary protein restriction led to a series of metabolic changes in rats, including increases in food intake and energy expenditure, the downregulation of hepatic fatty acid synthesis gene expression and reduced markers …

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The Raf-Like Kinase Ilk1 And The High Affinity K+ Transporter Hak5 Are Required For Innate Immunity And Abiotic Stress Response, Elizabeth K. Brauer, Nagib Ahsan, Renee Dale, Naohiro Kato, Alison E. Coluccio, Miguel A. Piñeros, Leon V. Kochian, Jay J. Thelen, Sorina C. Popescu Jun 2016

The Raf-Like Kinase Ilk1 And The High Affinity K+ Transporter Hak5 Are Required For Innate Immunity And Abiotic Stress Response, Elizabeth K. Brauer, Nagib Ahsan, Renee Dale, Naohiro Kato, Alison E. Coluccio, Miguel A. Piñeros, Leon V. Kochian, Jay J. Thelen, Sorina C. Popescu

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. Plant perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and other environmental stresses trigger transient ion fluxes at the plasma membrane. Apart from the role of Ca2+ uptake in signaling, the regulation and significance of PAMPinduced ion fluxes in immunity remain unknown. We characterized the functions of INTEGRIN-LINKED KINASE1 (ILK1) that encodes a Raf-like MAP2K kinase with functions insufficiently understood in plants. Analysis of ILK1 mutants impaired in the expression or kinase activity revealed that ILK1 contributes to plant defense to bacterial pathogens, osmotic stress sensitivity, and cellular responses and total ion …

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Cancer Stem-Like Cells Accumulated In Nickel-Induced Malignant Transformation, Lei Wang, Jia Fan, John Andrew Hitron, Young Ok Son, James T.F. Wise, Ram Vinod Roy, Donghern Kim, Jin Dai, Poyil Pratheeshkumar, Zhuo Zhang, Xianglin Shi Jun 2016

Cancer Stem-Like Cells Accumulated In Nickel-Induced Malignant Transformation, Lei Wang, Jia Fan, John Andrew Hitron, Young Ok Son, James T.F. Wise, Ram Vinod Roy, Donghern Kim, Jin Dai, Poyil Pratheeshkumar, Zhuo Zhang, Xianglin Shi

Faculty Publications

Nickel compounds are known as human carcinogens. Chronic environmental exposure to nickel is a worldwide health concern. Although the mechanisms of nickel-induced carcinogenesis are not well understood, recent studies suggest that stem cells/cancer stem cells are likely important targets. This study examines the role of cancer stem cells in nickelinduced cell transformation. The nontransformed human bronchial epithelial cell line (Beas-2B) was chronically exposed to nickel chloride for 12 months to induce cell transformation. Nickel induced Beas-2B cell transformation, and cancer stemlike cells were enriched in nickel-transformed cell (BNiT) population. The BNiT cancer stem-like cells demonstrated enhanced self-renewal and distinctive differentiation …

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