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Dollar Estimates Of Feral Hog Damage To Agriculture In Louisiana (Research Information Sheet #113), Shaun M. Tangers, Kurt Guidry, Huizhen Nui, Celine Richard, Maristela Abreu Oct 2015

Dollar Estimates Of Feral Hog Damage To Agriculture In Louisiana (Research Information Sheet #113), Shaun M. Tangers, Kurt Guidry, Huizhen Nui, Celine Richard, Maristela Abreu

LSU AgCenter Research Information Sheets

A study of feral hog activity and damage in Louisiana. Data were gathered from Louisiana farmers. The study results show that feral hogs caused at least $30 million in damage to crops on Louisiana farms in 2013. The publication includes maps and tables.

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Gazetteer And Site-Based History Of The Ornithology Of Sabah. Malaysian Borneo, Frederick H. Sheldon Oct 2015

Gazetteer And Site-Based History Of The Ornithology Of Sabah. Malaysian Borneo, Frederick H. Sheldon

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

The gazetteer lists sites in the state of Sabah, Malaysia, where birds have been collected, studied, or watched. Its purpose is to identify locations for research and birding in Sabah and to provide a brief scientific history of the more important sites. Each site description includes latitude, longitude, and general information on location. For many sites, elevation, habitat, scientific or birdwatching importance, historical notes, citations of key papers, specimen records, and records of certain species are also included.

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Lsu Research Fall 2015, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College Oct 2015

Lsu Research Fall 2015, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

Research Magazine

LSU Research is published annually by the Office of Research & Economic Development, Louisiana State University.

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Evidence For The Convergence Model: The Emergence Of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5n1) In Viet Nam, Sumeet Saksena, Jefferson Fox, Michael Epprecht, Chinh C. Tran, Duong H. Nong, James H. Spencer, Lam Nguyen, Melissa L. Finucane, Vien D. Tran, Bruce A. Wilcox Sep 2015

Evidence For The Convergence Model: The Emergence Of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5n1) In Viet Nam, Sumeet Saksena, Jefferson Fox, Michael Epprecht, Chinh C. Tran, Duong H. Nong, James H. Spencer, Lam Nguyen, Melissa L. Finucane, Vien D. Tran, Bruce A. Wilcox

Faculty Publications

Building on a series of ground breaking reviews that first defined and drew attention to emerging infectious diseases (EID), the 'convergence model' was proposed to explain the multifactorial causality of disease emergence. The model broadly hypothesizes disease emergence is driven by the co-incidence of genetic, physical environmental, ecological, and social factors. We developed and tested a model of the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 based on suspected convergence factors that are mainly associated with land-use change. Building on previous geospatial statistical studies that identified natural and human risk factors associated with urbanization, we added new factors to …

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Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis Of Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Identifies Candidate Gene Signatures In Response To Aflatoxin Producing Fungus Aspergillus Flavus, Renesh Bedre, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Venkata Ramanarao Mangu, Luis Eduardo Sanchez Timm, Deepak Bhatnagar, Niranjan Baisakh Sep 2015

Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis Of Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Identifies Candidate Gene Signatures In Response To Aflatoxin Producing Fungus Aspergillus Flavus, Renesh Bedre, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Venkata Ramanarao Mangu, Luis Eduardo Sanchez Timm, Deepak Bhatnagar, Niranjan Baisakh

Faculty Publications

Aflatoxins are toxic and potent carcinogenic metabolites produced from the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Aflatoxins can contaminate cottonseed under conducive preharvest and postharvest conditions. United States federal regulations restrict the use of aflatoxin contaminated cottonseed at >20 ppb for animal feed. Several strategies have been proposed for controlling aflatoxin contamination, and much success has been achieved by the application of an atoxigenic strain of A. flavus in cotton, peanut and maize fields. Development of cultivars resistant to aflatoxin through overexpression of resistance associated genes and/or knocking down aflatoxin biosynthesis of A. flavus will be an effective strategy for …

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Faculty Senate Newsletter, September 2015, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College Sep 2015

Faculty Senate Newsletter, September 2015, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

LSU Faculty Senate Publications

Message from President: In recent months, the top officers—or, as they like to call themselves, the “CEOs”—of Louisiana’s university systems have asked their public relations departments to proclaim their great accomplishment in staving off the economic starvation of campuses by a penurious legislature. According to this narrative, a heroic effort by the Fab Four of higher education administration convinced backwoods politicians that prosperous campuses were good for everyone. Like all narratives, this one features a beginning and an ending. Beginnings and endings have a way of eclipsing our vision of what went on before or after the story. By focusing …

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Oat Consumption Reduced Intestinal Fat Deposition And Improved Health Span In Caenorhabditis Elegans Model, Chenfei Gao, Zhanguo Gao, Frank L. Greenway, Jeffrey H. Burton, William D. Johnson, Michael J. Keenan, Frederick M. Enright, Roy J. Martin, Yi Fang Chu, Jolene Zheng Sep 2015

Oat Consumption Reduced Intestinal Fat Deposition And Improved Health Span In Caenorhabditis Elegans Model, Chenfei Gao, Zhanguo Gao, Frank L. Greenway, Jeffrey H. Burton, William D. Johnson, Michael J. Keenan, Frederick M. Enright, Roy J. Martin, Yi Fang Chu, Jolene Zheng

Faculty Publications

© 2015 The Authors. In addition to their fermentable dietary fiber and the soluble β-glucan fiber, oats have unique avenanthramides that have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that reduce coronary heart disease in human clinical trials. We hypothesized that oat consumption will increase insulin sensitivity, reduce body fat, and improve health span in Caenorhabditis elegans through a mechanism involving the daf-2 gene, which codes for the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1-like receptor, and that hyperglycemia will attenuate these changes. Caenorhabditis elegans wild type (N2) and the null strains sir-2.1, daf-16, and daf-16/daf-2 were fed Escherichia coli (OP50) and oat flakes (0.5%, 1.0%, or …

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Herpes Simplex Vaccines: Prospects Of Live-Attenuated Hsv Vaccines To Combat Genital And Ocular Infections, Brent Stanfield, Konstantin Gus Kousoulas Sep 2015

Herpes Simplex Vaccines: Prospects Of Live-Attenuated Hsv Vaccines To Combat Genital And Ocular Infections, Brent Stanfield, Konstantin Gus Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

© 2015, Springer International Publishing AG. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and its closely related herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) cause important clinical manifestations in humans including acute ocular disease and genital infections. These viruses establish latency in the trigeminal ganglionic and dorsal root neurons, respectively. Both viruses are widespread among humans and can frequently reactivate from latency causing disease. Currently, there are no vaccines available against herpes simplex viral infections. However, a number of promising vaccine approaches are being explored in preclinical investigations with few progressing to early-phase clinical trials. Consensus research findings suggest that robust humoral …

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Can We Identify Genes With Increased Phylogenetic Reliability?, V P. Doyle, R E. Young, G J. Naylor, J M. Brown, V P. Doyle Sep 2015

Can We Identify Genes With Increased Phylogenetic Reliability?, V P. Doyle, R E. Young, G J. Naylor, J M. Brown, V P. Doyle

Faculty Publications

Topological heterogeneity among gene trees is widely observed in phylogenomic analyses and some of this variation is likely caused by systematic error in gene tree estimation. Systematic error can be mitigated by improving models of sequence evolution to account for all evolutionary processes relevant to each gene or identifying those genes whose evolution best conforms to existing models. However, the best method for identifying such genes is not well established. Here, we ask if filtering genes according to their clock-likeness or posterior predictive effect size (PPES, an inference-based measure of model violation) improves phylogenetic reliability and congruence. We compared these …

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Can We Identify Genes With Increased Phylogenetic Reliability?, V P. Doyle, R E. Young, G J. Naylor, J M. Brown, V P. Doyle Sep 2015

Can We Identify Genes With Increased Phylogenetic Reliability?, V P. Doyle, R E. Young, G J. Naylor, J M. Brown, V P. Doyle

Faculty Publications

Topological heterogeneity among gene trees is widely observed in phylogenomic analyses and some of this variation is likely caused by systematic error in gene tree estimation. Systematic error can be mitigated by improving models of sequence evolution to account for all evolutionary processes relevant to each gene or identifying those genes whose evolution best conforms to existing models. However, the best method for identifying such genes is not well established. Here, we ask if filtering genes according to their clock-likeness or posterior predictive effect size (PPES, an inference-based measure of model violation) improves phylogenetic reliability and congruence. We compared these …

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Environmental Gradients And The Evolution Of Successional Habitat Specialization: A Test Case With 14 Neotropical Forest Sites, Susan G. Letcher, Jesse R. Lasky, Robin L. Chazdon, Natalia Norden, S. Joseph Wright, Jorge A. Meave, Eduardo A. Pérez-García, Rodrigo Muñoz, Eunice Romero-Pérez, Ana Andrade, José Luis Andrade, Patricia Balvanera, Justin M. Becknell, Tony V. Bentos, Radika Bhaskar, Frans Bongers, Vanessa Boukili, Pedro H.S. Brancalion, Ricardo G. César, Deborah A. Clark, David B. Clark, Dylan Craven, Alexander Defrancesco, Juan M. Dupuy, Bryan Finegan, Eugenio González-Jiménez, Jefferson S. Hall, Kyle E. Harms, José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni, Peter Hietz, Deborah Kennard, Timothy J. Killeen, Susan G. Laurance Sep 2015

Environmental Gradients And The Evolution Of Successional Habitat Specialization: A Test Case With 14 Neotropical Forest Sites, Susan G. Letcher, Jesse R. Lasky, Robin L. Chazdon, Natalia Norden, S. Joseph Wright, Jorge A. Meave, Eduardo A. Pérez-García, Rodrigo Muñoz, Eunice Romero-Pérez, Ana Andrade, José Luis Andrade, Patricia Balvanera, Justin M. Becknell, Tony V. Bentos, Radika Bhaskar, Frans Bongers, Vanessa Boukili, Pedro H.S. Brancalion, Ricardo G. César, Deborah A. Clark, David B. Clark, Dylan Craven, Alexander Defrancesco, Juan M. Dupuy, Bryan Finegan, Eugenio González-Jiménez, Jefferson S. Hall, Kyle E. Harms, José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni, Peter Hietz, Deborah Kennard, Timothy J. Killeen, Susan G. Laurance

Faculty Publications

© 2015 British Ecological Society. Successional gradients are ubiquitous in nature, yet few studies have systematically examined the evolutionary origins of taxa that specialize at different successional stages. Here we quantify successional habitat specialization in Neotropical forest trees and evaluate its evolutionary lability along a precipitation gradient. Theoretically, successional habitat specialization should be more evolutionarily conserved in wet forests than in dry forests due to more extreme microenvironmental differentiation between early and late-successional stages in wet forest. We applied a robust multinomial classification model to samples of primary and secondary forest trees from 14 Neotropical lowland forest sites spanning a …

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Developmental Changes In Hypoxic Exposure And Responses To Anoxia In Drosophila Melanogaster, Viviane Callier, Steven C. Hand, Jacob B. Campbell, Taylor Biddulph, Jon F. Harrison Sep 2015

Developmental Changes In Hypoxic Exposure And Responses To Anoxia In Drosophila Melanogaster, Viviane Callier, Steven C. Hand, Jacob B. Campbell, Taylor Biddulph, Jon F. Harrison

Faculty Publications

© 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. Holometabolous insects undergo dramatic morphological and physiological changes during ontogeny. In particular, the larvae of many holometabolous insects are specialized to feed in soil, water or dung, inside plant structures, or inside other organisms as parasites where they may commonly experience hypoxia or anoxia. In contrast, holometabolous adults usually are winged and live with access to air. Here, we show that larval Drosophila melanogaster experience severe hypoxia in their normal laboratory environments; third instar larvae feed by tunneling into a medium without usable oxygen. Larvae move strongly in anoxia for many …

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Nonparametric Estimation Of Interspecific Spatio-Temporal Niche Separation Between Two Lady Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) In Bt Cotton Fields, Zeng Bin Lu, Pei Jian Shi, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Lin Mao Li, Xing Yuan Men, Feng Ge Sep 2015

Nonparametric Estimation Of Interspecific Spatio-Temporal Niche Separation Between Two Lady Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) In Bt Cotton Fields, Zeng Bin Lu, Pei Jian Shi, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Lin Mao Li, Xing Yuan Men, Feng Ge

Faculty Publications

Predaceous lady beetles are important natural enemies of many insect pests in agro-ecosystem. The altered agricultural practices associated with widespread adoption of Bt cotton may have potential effects on the spatio-temporal patterns of predaceous lady beetles, as the composition and abundance of nontarget sucking pests have been changed in Bt cotton fields. In the current study, the spatio-temporal patterns of two important lady beetles, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Propylea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), were surveyed in Bt cotton fields. A nonparametric method associated with Monte Carlo tests was used to address and test whether niche segregation occurred between …

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Production Of Inbred Larvae Through Self-Fertilization Using Oocytes And Cryopreserved Sperm From The Same Individuals After Sex Reversal In Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Huiping Yang, Yan Wang, Ximing Guo, Terrence R. Tiersch Sep 2015

Production Of Inbred Larvae Through Self-Fertilization Using Oocytes And Cryopreserved Sperm From The Same Individuals After Sex Reversal In Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Huiping Yang, Yan Wang, Ximing Guo, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

The eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica can change sex which makes self-fertilization possible if sperm can be cryopreserved. In this study, small (~1 year old) and large (~2-3 years old) oysters were biopsied for sperm collection. Survival of the biopsied oysters after 1 year was 50% for small oysters and 17% for large oysters. Oocytes were collected from sex-reversed females, and self-fertilized with cryopreserved sperm. Of the 24 cryopreserved samples, 14 individuals had ≤1% fertility when crossed with oocytes from unrelated females, indicating that the cryopreserved sperm had reduced fertility. The other 10 individuals had a fertility of 39 ± 25% …

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The Challenges Of Resolving A Rapid, Recent Radiation: Empirical And Simulated Phylogenomics Of Philippine Shrews, Thomas C. Giarla, Jacob A. Esselstyn Sep 2015

The Challenges Of Resolving A Rapid, Recent Radiation: Empirical And Simulated Phylogenomics Of Philippine Shrews, Thomas C. Giarla, Jacob A. Esselstyn

Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic relationships in recent, rapid radiations can be difficult to resolve due to incomplete lineage sorting and reliance on genetic markers that evolve slowly relative to the rate of speciation. By incorporating hundreds to thousands of unlinked loci, phylogenomic analyses have the potential to mitigate these difficulties. Here, we attempt to resolve phylogenetic relationships among eight shrew species (genus Crocidura) from the Philippines, a phylogenetic problem that has proven intractable with small (< 10 loci) data sets. We sequenced hundreds of ultraconserved elements and whole mitochondrial genomes in these species and estimated phylogenies using concatenation, summary coalescent, and hierarchical coalescent methods. The concatenated approach recovered a maximally supported and fully resolved tree. In contrast, the coalescent-based approaches produced similar topologies, but each had several poorly supported nodes. Using simulations, we demonstrate that the concatenated tree could be positively misleading. Our simulations also show that the tree shape we tend to infer, which involves a series of short internal branches, is difficult to resolve, even if substitution models are known and multiple individuals per species are sampled. As such, the low support we obtained for backbone relationships in our coalescent-based inferences reflects a real and appropriate lack of certainty. Our results illuminate the challenges of estimating a bifurcating tree in a rapid and recent radiation, providing a rare empirical example of a nearly simultaneous series of speciation events in a terrestrial animal lineage as it spreads across an oceanic archipelago.

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Genetic Divergence Of An Avian Endemic On The Californian Channel Islands, Amy G. Wilson, Yvonne Chan, Sabrina S. Taylor, Peter Arcese Aug 2015

Genetic Divergence Of An Avian Endemic On The Californian Channel Islands, Amy G. Wilson, Yvonne Chan, Sabrina S. Taylor, Peter Arcese

Faculty Publications

The Californian Channel Islands are near-shore islands with high levels of endemism, but extensive habitat loss has contributed to the decline or extinction of several endemic taxa. A key parameter for understanding patterns of endemism and demography in island populations is the magnitude of inter-island dispersal. This paper estimates the extent of migration and genetic differentiation in three extant and two extinct populations of Channel Island song sparrows (Melospiza melodia graminea). Inter-island differentiation was substantial (G''ST: 0.14-0.37), with San Miguel Island having the highest genetic divergence and lowest migration rates. Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz Island populations were less diverged …

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Molecular Approaches For Improving Desiccation Tolerance: Insights From The Brine Shrimp Artemia Franciscana, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze Aug 2015

Molecular Approaches For Improving Desiccation Tolerance: Insights From The Brine Shrimp Artemia Franciscana, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze

Faculty Publications

© 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Main conclusion: We have evaluated the endogenous expression and molecular properties of selected Group 3 LEA proteins fromArtemia franciscana, and the capacity of selected Groups 1 and 3 proteins transfected into various desiccation-sensitive cell lines to improve tolerance to drying. Organisms inhabiting both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems frequently are confronted with the problem of water loss for multiple reasons—exposure to hypersalinity, evaporative water loss, and restriction of intracellular water due to freezing of extracellular fluids. Seasonal desiccation can become severe and lead to the production of tolerant propagules and entry into the state of anhydrobiosis …

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Co-Extinction In A Host-Parasite Network: Identifying Key Hosts For Network Stability, Tad Dallas, Emily Cornelius Aug 2015

Co-Extinction In A Host-Parasite Network: Identifying Key Hosts For Network Stability, Tad Dallas, Emily Cornelius

Faculty Publications

Parasites comprise a substantial portion of total biodiversity. Ultimately, this means that host extinction could result in many secondary extinctions of obligate parasites and potentially alter host-parasite network structure. Here, we examined a highly resolved fish-parasite network to determine key hosts responsible for maintaining parasite diversity and network structure (quantified here as nestedness and modularity). We evaluated four possible host extinction orders and compared the resulting co-extinction dynamics to random extinction simulations; including host removal based on estimated extinction risk, parasite species richness and host level contributions to nestedness and modularity. We found that all extinction orders, except the one …

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Altered Structure And Function Of Astrocytes Following Status Epilepticus., Wilcox Ks, Gee Jm, Gibbons Mb, Tvrdik P, White Ja Aug 2015

Altered Structure And Function Of Astrocytes Following Status Epilepticus., Wilcox Ks, Gee Jm, Gibbons Mb, Tvrdik P, White Ja

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Genotype-By-Sequencing Of The Plant-Pathogenic Fungi Pyrenophora Teres And Sphaerulina Musiva Utilizing Ion Torrent Sequence Technology, Jared M. Leboldus, Kasia Kinzer, Jonathan Richards, Zhu Ya, Changhui Yan, Timothy L. Friesen, Robert Brueggeman Aug 2015

Genotype-By-Sequencing Of The Plant-Pathogenic Fungi Pyrenophora Teres And Sphaerulina Musiva Utilizing Ion Torrent Sequence Technology, Jared M. Leboldus, Kasia Kinzer, Jonathan Richards, Zhu Ya, Changhui Yan, Timothy L. Friesen, Robert Brueggeman

Faculty Publications

Genetic and genomics tools to characterize host-pathogen interactions are disproportionately directed to the host because of the focus on resistance. However, understanding the genetics of pathogen virulence is equally important and has been limited by the high cost of denovo genotyping of species with limited marker data. Non-resource-prohibitive methods that overcome the limitation of genotyping are now available through genotype-by-sequencing (GBS). The use of a two-enzyme restriction-associated DNA (RAD)-GBS method adapted for Ion Torrent sequencing technology provided robust and reproducible high-density genotyping of several fungal species. A total of 5783 and 2373 unique loci, 'sequence tags', containing 16441 and 9992 …

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Point Of No Return From Water Loss In Coptotermes Formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Bal K. Gautam, Gregg Henderson Aug 2015

Point Of No Return From Water Loss In Coptotermes Formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Bal K. Gautam, Gregg Henderson

Faculty Publications

Describing desiccation stages based on the physical appearance of termites has not been evaluated previously. Formosan subterranean termites were studied to determine the rate of water loss, singly and in groups, in the laboratory. The stages of water loss are described based on changes in physical appearance and percent total body water loss evaluated at 2- to 8-h time intervals up to 32 h.Workers in groups lost water slower than individual worker trials. Weight loss was linear over time for worker groups and individuals, as was individual soldier only trials. Water loss in individual workers was significantly faster than in …

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Infectious Disease And Red Wolf Conservation: Assessment Of Disease Occurrence And Associated Risks, Kristin E. Brzeski, Rebecca B. Harrison, William T. Waddell, Karen N. Wolf, David R. Rabon, Sabrina S. Taylor Aug 2015

Infectious Disease And Red Wolf Conservation: Assessment Of Disease Occurrence And Associated Risks, Kristin E. Brzeski, Rebecca B. Harrison, William T. Waddell, Karen N. Wolf, David R. Rabon, Sabrina S. Taylor

Faculty Publications

Infectious diseases pose a significant threat to global biodiversity and may contribute to extinction. As such, establishing baseline disease prevalence in vulnerable species where disease could affect persistence is important to conservation. We assessed potential disease threats to endangered red wolves (Canis rufus) by evaluating regional (southeastern United States) disease occurrences in mammals and parasite prevalence in red wolves and sympatric coyotes (Canis latrans) in North Carolina. Common viral pathogens in the southeast region, such as canine distemper and canine parvovirus, and numerous widespread endoparasites could pose a threat to the red Wolf population. The most prevalent parasites in red …

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Effects Of Feeding Baleage To Beef Calves On Performance, Rumen Fermentation, And Metabolic Response During The Fall Backgrounding Period, R. M. Martin, R. S. Walker, M. T. Kearney, C. C. Williams Aug 2015

Effects Of Feeding Baleage To Beef Calves On Performance, Rumen Fermentation, And Metabolic Response During The Fall Backgrounding Period, R. M. Martin, R. S. Walker, M. T. Kearney, C. C. Williams

Faculty Publications

A total of 180 spring-born beef calves (BW = 217 ± 20.6 kg) were fed bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) or rye (Secale cereale) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) baleage to evaluate performance, blood metabolites, rumen fermentation, and forage refusal for 60 d after weaning. Calves were stratified by BW, sex, and breed to 1 of 9 paddocks and fed 1 of 3 diets: 47-d-regrowth bermudagrass hay (BERH), 43-d-regrowth bermudagrass baleage (BERB), or late-bloom ryeryegrass baleage (LRRG). A CP liquid supplement was provided ad libitum for 60 d. Calves were weighed on d -1, 0, 29, 30, 60, and 61 for comparison of …

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Configuring Learning Theory To Support Teaching, David Kirshner Jul 2015

Configuring Learning Theory To Support Teaching, David Kirshner

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Phytochrome Diversity In Green Plants And The Origin Of Canonical Plant Phytochromes, Fay Wei Li, Michael Melkonian, Carl J. Rothfels, Juan Carlos Villarreal, Dennis W. Stevenson, Sean W. Graham, Gane Ka Shu Wong, Kathleen M. Pryer, Sarah Mathews Jul 2015

Phytochrome Diversity In Green Plants And The Origin Of Canonical Plant Phytochromes, Fay Wei Li, Michael Melkonian, Carl J. Rothfels, Juan Carlos Villarreal, Dennis W. Stevenson, Sean W. Graham, Gane Ka Shu Wong, Kathleen M. Pryer, Sarah Mathews

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Phytochromes are red/far-red photoreceptors that play essential roles in diverse plant morphogenetic and physiological responses to light. Despite their functional significance, phytochrome diversity and evolution across photosynthetic eukaryotes remain poorly understood. Using newly available transcriptomic and genomic data we show that canonical plant phytochromes originated in a common ancestor of streptophytes (charophyte algae and land plants). Phytochromes in charophyte algae are structurally diverse, including canonical and non-canonical forms, whereas in land plants, phytochrome structure is highly conserved. Liverworts, hornworts and Selaginella apparently possess a single phytochrome, whereas independent gene duplications occurred within …

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Directional Dominance On Stature And Cognition In Diverse Human Populations, Peter K. Joshi, Tonu Esko, Hannele Mattsson, Niina Eklund, Ilaria Gandin, Teresa Nutile, Anne U. Jackson, Claudia Schurmann, Albert V. Smith, Weihua Zhang, Yukinori Okada, Alena Stančáková, Jessica D. Faul, Wei Zhao, Traci M. Bartz, Maria Pina Concas, Nora Franceschini, Stefan Enroth, Veronique Vitart, Stella Trompet, Xiuqing Guo, Daniel I. Chasman, Jeffrey R. O'Connel, Tanguy Corre, Suraj S. Nongmaithem, Yuning Chen, Massimo Mangino, Daniela Ruggiero, Michela Traglia, Aliki Eleni Farmaki, Tim Kacprowski, Andrew Bjonnes, Ashley Van Der Spek Jul 2015

Directional Dominance On Stature And Cognition In Diverse Human Populations, Peter K. Joshi, Tonu Esko, Hannele Mattsson, Niina Eklund, Ilaria Gandin, Teresa Nutile, Anne U. Jackson, Claudia Schurmann, Albert V. Smith, Weihua Zhang, Yukinori Okada, Alena Stančáková, Jessica D. Faul, Wei Zhao, Traci M. Bartz, Maria Pina Concas, Nora Franceschini, Stefan Enroth, Veronique Vitart, Stella Trompet, Xiuqing Guo, Daniel I. Chasman, Jeffrey R. O'Connel, Tanguy Corre, Suraj S. Nongmaithem, Yuning Chen, Massimo Mangino, Daniela Ruggiero, Michela Traglia, Aliki Eleni Farmaki, Tim Kacprowski, Andrew Bjonnes, Ashley Van Der Spek

Faculty Publications

Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of …

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Exposure To Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil Burnoff Particulate Matter Induces Pulmonary Inflammation And Alters Adaptive Immune Response, Sridhar Jaligama, Zaili Chen, Jordy Saravia, Nikki Yadav, Slawomir M. Lomnicki, Tammy R. Dugas, Stephania A. Cormier Jul 2015

Exposure To Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil Burnoff Particulate Matter Induces Pulmonary Inflammation And Alters Adaptive Immune Response, Sridhar Jaligama, Zaili Chen, Jordy Saravia, Nikki Yadav, Slawomir M. Lomnicki, Tammy R. Dugas, Stephania A. Cormier

Faculty Publications

© 2015 American Chemical Society. The "in situ burning" of trapped crude oil on the surface of Gulf waters during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill released numerous pollutants, including combustion-generated particulate matter (PM). Limited information is available on the respiratory impact of inhaled in situ burned oil sail particulate matter (OSPM). Here we utilized PM collected from in situ burn plumes of the DWH oil spill to study the acute effects of exposure to OSPM on pulmonary health. OSPM caused dose-and time-dependent cytotoxicity and generated reactive oxygen species and superoxide radicals in vitro. Additionally, mice exposed to OSPM …

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Deep Characterization Of The Microbiomes Of Calophya Spp. (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) Gall-Inducing Psyllids Reveals The Absence Of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria And Three Dominant Endosymbionts, Will A. Overholt, Rodrigo Diaz, Erin Rosskopf, Stefan J. Green, William A. Overholt Jul 2015

Deep Characterization Of The Microbiomes Of Calophya Spp. (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) Gall-Inducing Psyllids Reveals The Absence Of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria And Three Dominant Endosymbionts, Will A. Overholt, Rodrigo Diaz, Erin Rosskopf, Stefan J. Green, William A. Overholt

Faculty Publications

© This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Bacteria associated with sap-feeding insect herbivores include not only symbionts that may increase their hosts' fitness but also harmful plant pathogens. Calophya spp. gall-inducing psyllids (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) are being investigated for their potential as biological control agents of the noxious weed, Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia), in Florida. Although there are no examples of plant pathogen transmission by …

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Demographic Comparison Of Sweetpotato Weevil Reared On A Major Host, Ipomoea Batatas, And An Alternative Host, I. Triloba, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Hisn Chi Jul 2015

Demographic Comparison Of Sweetpotato Weevil Reared On A Major Host, Ipomoea Batatas, And An Alternative Host, I. Triloba, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Hisn Chi

Faculty Publications

In this study, we collected life table data for the sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius, grown on Ipomoea batatas and Ipomoea triloba, and analyzed them using an age-stage, two-sex life table. We also demonstrated the growth potential of C. formicarius on these two host plants by using population projection. These data will be useful to the growers to the selection or eradication of host plants in an integrated control strategy for C. formicarius for the entire area of the targeted areas. We found that C. formicarius developed faster on I. batatas than on I. triloba. The developmental times of the larval …

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Thriving In The Cold: Glacial Expansion And Post-Glacial Contraction Of A Temperate Terrestrial Salamander (Plethodon Serratus), Catherine E. Newman, Christopher C. Austin Jul 2015

Thriving In The Cold: Glacial Expansion And Post-Glacial Contraction Of A Temperate Terrestrial Salamander (Plethodon Serratus), Catherine E. Newman, Christopher C. Austin

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Newman, Austin. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The dynamic geologic history of the southeastern United States has played a major role in shaping the geographic distributions of amphibians in the region. In the phylogeographic literature, the predominant pattern of distribution shifts through time of temperate species is one of contraction during glacial maxima and persistence in refugia. However, the diverse biology and ecology of amphibian species suggest that a …

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