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Articles 931 - 960 of 1757
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Adversary Advocacy And The Authority Of Adjudication, Daniel Markovits
Adversary Advocacy And The Authority Of Adjudication, Daniel Markovits
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
Underenforcement, Alexandra Natapoff
Revisiting Anna Moscowitz's Kross's Critique Of New York City's Women's Court: The Continued Problem Of Solving The "Problem" Of Prostitution With Specialized Criminal Courts, Mae C. Quinn
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This article explores New York City's non-traditional, judicially based response to prostitution. This article first recounts the history of New York City’s Women’s Court. It then examines the work of the Midtown Community Court, the “problem-solving court” established in 1993 to address criminal issues, like prostitution, in Midtown Manhattan. It also discusses the renewed concerns about sex work in New York and describe the movement, propelled by modern reformers, to address prostitution through specialty courts. It then contrasts the shared features and attributes of the Women’s Court and Midtown Court models. Finally, the article urges modern reformers to step back …
No Penis, No Problem, Kay L. Levine
No Penis, No Problem, Kay L. Levine
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Over the past century and a half, the gendered essence of statutory rape has become deeply embedded in the purpose of the statute, extending its tentacles far beyond the statutory language, such that we can no longer extricate the male-on-female image from the formal law's requirements for prosecution. The reality of statutory rape is, however, far more complex than the traditional gender construct implies. Female sex abusers and male victims exist, in substantial numbers and varieties. Part I documents the statutory rape law's gendered essence, explaining the formal law's traditional gendered classification scheme, the Supreme Court's approval of that approach, …
Sex Before Violence: Girls, Dating Violence, And (Perceived) Sexual Autonomy, Cheryl Hanna
Sex Before Violence: Girls, Dating Violence, And (Perceived) Sexual Autonomy, Cheryl Hanna
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This article explores the phenomenon of girl violence by examining teen dating violence and girls' experiences with intimate abuse both as victims and as perpetrators. While there is a tendency to view women's experiences as victims of violence as separate and distinct from their experiences as victims of violence, the two phenomena are interrelated. A girl's violent victimization can lead her to victimize someone else, just as her own violence can lead her to violent victimization. These conversations about young women and sexual behavior are especially important for lawyers and advocates. While the implementation of legal strategies such as civil …
The Construction Of Pregnant Drug-Using Women As Criminal Perpetrators, Nancy D. Campbell
The Construction Of Pregnant Drug-Using Women As Criminal Perpetrators, Nancy D. Campbell
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Despite clear lack of intent to harm those whom they carry, drug-using pregnant women have been constructed de facto criminal perpetrators. However, drug use falls short of being prima facie evidence of intent to harm, particularly in social circumstances where drug-using economics are endemic. The cases in this article signal the limits of tolerance and the increasingly conditional nature of public welfare provision by raising the specter of a generation of urban mothers - and grandmothers - unable to care for their kids. These cases also reflect the policy-making role into which hospitals and the courts have stepped in the …
Rare & Inconsistent: The Death Penalty For Women, Victor L. Streib
Rare & Inconsistent: The Death Penalty For Women, Victor L. Streib
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Previous studies of the national landscape around the death penalty for women have identified and analyzed past themes and issues.22 This Article brings the analysis current through 2005, beginning with a reprise of the conversations about gender bias and disparity in the death penalty system. It appears that female offenders have always been treated differently from male offenders in the death penalty system, sometimes for reasons that are easily justifiable but too often simply because of sex bias. The next section of this Article explores the current death penalty era, identifying those women who have been sentenced to death, those …
Sexual Abuse Of Women In United States Prisons: A Modern Corollary Of Slavery, Brenda V. Smith
Sexual Abuse Of Women In United States Prisons: A Modern Corollary Of Slavery, Brenda V. Smith
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This paper addresses the sexual abuse of women in custody as a more contemporary manifestation of slavery. Part II situates the sexual abuse of women in custody and women slaves in their historical context. Part II also charts the creation of the first penitentiaries in the United States and the "Reform Movement," led by Quaker women who were also involved in the abolition movement, and later in the suffrage movement. It further examines the impact that women's entry into male prisons as workers in the 1970s and 1980s - pursuant to Title VII - had on the sexual abuse of …
A Lie For A Lie: False Confessions And The Case For Reconsidering The Legality Of Deceptive Interrogation Techniques, Miriam S. Gohara
A Lie For A Lie: False Confessions And The Case For Reconsidering The Legality Of Deceptive Interrogation Techniques, Miriam S. Gohara
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article reviews the law on deceptive interrogation practices, discusses empirical evidence of the role police deception plays in eliciting false confessions and argues that the law should circumscribe interrogation techniques that rely on misrepresentation to induce suspects into incriminating themselves. This Article also asserts that there are good policy reasons, in addition to the increasing exposure of wrongful convictions, which should encourage courts and legislators to proscribe the use of deception by law enforcement in a criminal justice system expressly designed to elicit the truth about a crime.
Loyalt's Reward - A Felony Conviction: Recent Prosecutions Of High-Status Female Offenders, Michelle S. Jacobs
Loyalt's Reward - A Felony Conviction: Recent Prosecutions Of High-Status Female Offenders, Michelle S. Jacobs
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article analyzes white-collar female crime and compares several high profile cases to those of regular female offenders. It uses government statistical data on female crime to paint a portrait of the female offender. It then compares the prosecution of "street-level" and white-collar female offenders. The Article discusses the prosecutions of Martha Stewart, Betty, Vinson, and Lea Fastow. The Article argues that these women often share a similar trait of committing the crime out of loyalty to a man engaged in wrong-doing.
"Reasonably Predictable:" The Reluctance To Embrace Judicial Discretion For Substantial Assistance Procedures, India Geronimo
"Reasonably Predictable:" The Reluctance To Embrace Judicial Discretion For Substantial Assistance Procedures, India Geronimo
Fordham Urban Law Journal
In United States v. Booker, the Supreme Court held that the Federal Sentencing Guidelines are no longer mandatory, yet still instructed sentencing courts to continue to advise the Guidelines. In light of this expanded judicial discretion, post-Booker cooperation, or 5K1.1, motions made by the government are of particular interest because it can have the potential to increase the court’s power while simultaneously limiting a prosecutor’s discretion by departing from the guidelines without any motion made from the government. While most appellate courts have been reluctant to affirm sentences that have been substantially departed from the guidelines in the absence of …
Panel Discussion: Bigger Carrots And Bigger Sticks: Issues And Developments In Corporate Sentencing, Jill E. Fisch, Hon. John S. Martin, Richard C. Breeden, Timothy Coleman, Stephen M. Cutler, Celeste Koeleveld, Richard H. Walker
Panel Discussion: Bigger Carrots And Bigger Sticks: Issues And Developments In Corporate Sentencing, Jill E. Fisch, Hon. John S. Martin, Richard C. Breeden, Timothy Coleman, Stephen M. Cutler, Celeste Koeleveld, Richard H. Walker
Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law
No abstract provided.
The Commerce Clause And Federal Abortion Law: Why Progressives Might Be Tempted To Embrace Federalism, Jordan Goldberg
The Commerce Clause And Federal Abortion Law: Why Progressives Might Be Tempted To Embrace Federalism, Jordan Goldberg
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Next ‘New Wave’: Law-Genre Documentaries, Lawyering In Support Of The Creative Process, And Visual Legal Advocacy, Regina Austin
The Next ‘New Wave’: Law-Genre Documentaries, Lawyering In Support Of The Creative Process, And Visual Legal Advocacy, Regina Austin
Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal
This Article challenges stereotypes and misconceptions about law-genre documentaries. Part I will propose a working definition of law-genre documentaries because such a categorization is a necessary precursor to thinking or writing about the relevance of documentary films to lawyers, law students, and anyone interested in law and the pursuit of justice. The Article will go on from there to describe in Part II the various rhetorical or narrative styles or modes of filmmaking that documentarians employ. Although these styles or modes contribute to the impenetrability of documentary films, an understanding of their limitations can open up documentary films to critical …
Global Collaboration In Law Schools: Lessons To Learn, Elizabeth B. Cooper
Global Collaboration In Law Schools: Lessons To Learn, Elizabeth B. Cooper
Fordham International Law Journal
This Introduction to the Symposium, Global Alliance for Justice Education (“GAJE”) North American Regional Conference, discusses four articles in the Fordham International Law Journal that advance a growing goal of the GAJE: developing scholarship to facilitate justice education and increasing awareness of the global justice movement. Each of the following four articles identifies ways in which collaborating law professors in significantly different contexts--China, South Africa, Nicaragua, and the United States--can learn from each other to develop vital programs of legal education and to strive for social justice.
U.S. Counterterrorism Policy And Superpower Compliance With International Human Rights Norms, Kenneth Anderson
U.S. Counterterrorism Policy And Superpower Compliance With International Human Rights Norms, Kenneth Anderson
Fordham International Law Journal
Our specific topic is Guantanamo, but in my brief remarks I would like to take the long view of U.S. counterterrorism policy (including Guantanamo) and link it to the question of the compliance of the United States, as today's superpower, with international human rights norms, its relationship to the United Nations and, speaking very broadly, international law norms as conceived by the international community. This is partly a question of the relationship of U.S. counterterrorism policy to international law. But it is also a question of the relationship of the superpower to the rest of the international community, and in …
Addressing The Emergence Of Advocacy In The Chinese Criminal Justice System: A Collaboration Between A U.S. And A Chinese Law School , Robert Lancaster, Ding Xiangshun
Addressing The Emergence Of Advocacy In The Chinese Criminal Justice System: A Collaboration Between A U.S. And A Chinese Law School , Robert Lancaster, Ding Xiangshun
Fordham International Law Journal
This Article addresses how the procedural, educational, and professional changes in China’s legal system have affected criminal trial procedure and criminal trial practice in the country. It discusses how these changes have created a need for Chinese criminal judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys to be well versed in the adversarial process. It describes how the China Trial Advocacy Institute, a collaborative project between Renmin University of China School of Law and Indiana University School of Law-Indianapolis, has developed to help address this emerging need.
When To Push The Envelope: Legal Ethics, The Rule Of Law, And National Security Strategy, Peter Margulies
When To Push The Envelope: Legal Ethics, The Rule Of Law, And National Security Strategy, Peter Margulies
Fordham International Law Journal
This Article argues for pushing the envelope when three conditions are met: (1) the executive engages in dialogue with other players, either before the fact or through timely ex post ratification; (2) pushing the envelope will generate a net positive aggregate of institutional consequences, viewed from an intermediate and long-term perspective; and (3) pushing the envelope harmonizes executive policy with evolving international or domestic norms. When these conditions are met, the lawyer for the executive should recommend the action, even if it appears inconsistent with the letter of existing law. While acting gives both the lawyer and her client “dirty …
An Internet-Based Mental Disability Law Program: Implications For Social Change In Nations With Developing Economies, Michael L. Perlin
An Internet-Based Mental Disability Law Program: Implications For Social Change In Nations With Developing Economies, Michael L. Perlin
Fordham International Law Journal
This Article first briefly discusses the use of distance learning in a law school environment, and considers the special implications of distance learning for persons with disabilities. It then explains the structure and rationale of these courses, reports on a course section taught in Nicaragua in the Fall-Winter of 2002, and considers plans to replicate the Nicaraguan experience throughout other nations with developing economies in Africa, Asia, Central America, and Central and Eastern Europe. Finally, this Article assesses the potential impact of such a course on developing-economy nations.
Expanding And Sustaining Clinical Legal Education In Developing Countries: What We Can Learn From South Africa , Peggy Maisel
Expanding And Sustaining Clinical Legal Education In Developing Countries: What We Can Learn From South Africa , Peggy Maisel
Fordham International Law Journal
This Article reviews the development of clinical education in South Africa and the valuable lessons such an analysis provides for those seeking to promote clinical education elsewhere. This Article reviews the obstacles faced in South Africa and the creative ways clinicians have attempted to overcome them, some much more successful than others.
Teaching Reflective Lawyering In A Small Case Litigation Clinic: A Love Letter To My Clinic Papers Presented At The Ucla/Ials Conference On Enriching Clinical Education, Ian Weinstein
Faculty Scholarship
This article describes a live client, small case, teaching and learning centered, criminal defense clinic set in a high volume urban court. It offers concrete suggestions about how clinical educators can help students develop analytic and technical skills. The clinic model is conceived in three phases: giving students the opportunity to develop a contextualized understanding of the client; guiding students through strategic analysis and planning; and focusing students' litigation strategies on executing their tactical vision for their client. The article argues that this clinical setting structures the students' experiences so that they develop a complex and deeply moral lawyerly problem …
Grave Building: A Tribute To Charles J. Ogletree, Jr., And His Evolving Legacy, Robin A. Lenhardt
Grave Building: A Tribute To Charles J. Ogletree, Jr., And His Evolving Legacy, Robin A. Lenhardt
Faculty Scholarship
This tribute celebrates the tremendous legal career of Professor Charles J. Ogletree, Jr. It highlights his many contributions to the legal profession and academy, including his role in preparing a cadre of lawyers for the 21st Century; body of scholarship focusing on racial justice issues; and instrumental role in developing new approaches to civil rights lawyering.
Continued Vitality Of Structured Sentencing Following Blakely: The Effectiveness Of Voluntary Guidelines, The , John F. Pfaff
Continued Vitality Of Structured Sentencing Following Blakely: The Effectiveness Of Voluntary Guidelines, The , John F. Pfaff
Faculty Scholarship
In two recent opinions, Blakely v. Washington and United States v. Booker, the U.S. Supreme Court effectively invalidated the binding nature of sentencing guidelines used by many states and the federal government over the past thirty years. Not surprisingly, numerous commentators have asserted that Blakely and Booker profoundly altered the nature of sentencing in the United States. But these claims have been made without any meaningful empirical consideration of whether viable alternatives exist. This Article fills that gap. It explores the extent to which voluntary, nonbinding criminal sentencing guidelines influence the sentencing behavior of state trial judges. In particular, it …
Vitality Of Voluntary Guidelines In The Wake Of Blakely V. Washington: An Empirical Assessment, The Articles On Guideline Operation Issues, John F. Pfaff
Faculty Scholarship
This Article explores the extent to which voluntary, non-binding criminal sentencing guidelines influence the sentencing behavior of state trial judges. In particular, it focuses on the ability of such guidelines to encourage judges to sentence consistently and to avoid improperly taking into account a defendant's race or sex. It also compares such guidelines to more-binding presumptive guidelines, which were recently found constitutionally impermissible in Blakely v. Washington. In general, the results indicate that voluntary guidelines are able to accomplish much, though not all, that presumptive guidelines were able to, especially with respect to sentence variation. For example, voluntary guidelines appear …
Mutual Dependency In Child Welfare, Clare Huntington
Mutual Dependency In Child Welfare, Clare Huntington
Faculty Scholarship
The child welfare system is in need of fundamental reform. To the great detriment of parents and children, in the current system the state waits for a crisis in a family and then intervenes in a heavy-handed fashion. The state pays scant attention to the prevention of child abuse and neglect. This article argues that the principle conceptual barrier to the adoption of a prevention-oriented approach to child welfare is the dominant conception of family autonomy, which venerates freedom from state control. This article proposes a novel reconfiguration of family autonomy that encourages engagement with the state, rather than simply …
Friendship & The Law, Ethan J. Leib
Friendship & The Law, Ethan J. Leib
Faculty Scholarship
This Article's central argument is that the law needs to do a better job of recognizing, protecting, respecting, and promoting friendships. The law gives pride of place to other statuses--family and special professional relationships are obvious ones--but the status of the friend is rarely relevant to legal decisionmaking and public policymaking in a consistent way. After defining the concept of the friend, I offer a normative argument for why the law should promote a public policy of friendship facilitation and for why the law ignores friendships only at its peril. I highlight how the law already finds friendship relevant in …
Revisiting The Legal Link Between Genetics And Crime, Deborah W. Denno
Revisiting The Legal Link Between Genetics And Crime, Deborah W. Denno
Faculty Scholarship
Unwarranted constraints on the admissibility of genetics evidence in death penalty cases can undercut some defendants' efforts to fight their executions. For example, genetics evidence can help validate some traditionally accepted mitigating factors (such as certain psychiatric or behavioral disorders) that can otherwise be difficult for defendants to prove. By imposing unreasonable limitations on genetics arguments, the criminal justice system may be undermining the very principles and progressive thinking the cap on genetics evidence was originally intended to achieve. Part II of this article briefly reviews the facts and legal arguments in Mobley v. State. Part III addresses the primary …
John Paul Stevens, Human Rights Judge, Diane Marie Amann
John Paul Stevens, Human Rights Judge, Diane Marie Amann
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
Less Is Better: Justice Stevens And The Narrowed Death Penalty, James S. Liebman, Lawrence C. Marshall
Less Is Better: Justice Stevens And The Narrowed Death Penalty, James S. Liebman, Lawrence C. Marshall
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
An Excuse-Centered Approach To Transitional Justice, David Gray
An Excuse-Centered Approach To Transitional Justice, David Gray
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.