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Articles 991 - 1020 of 2098

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Developing Value-Added Peptide Antioxidants From Rendering Products, Xiaoting Xing Aug 2012

Developing Value-Added Peptide Antioxidants From Rendering Products, Xiaoting Xing

All Theses

Synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Vitamin E and ethoxyquin, have been commonly added to formulated animal feeds in order to delay discoloration and deterioration due to oxidation. However, these synthetic antioxidants have been limited in their applications as food additives because of potential health hazards. Specifically, synthetic antioxidants have been considered to be linked to various forms of cancer, most commonly kidney, liver and bladder cancer. In this work, value-added peptide antioxidants from rendering products were developed for use in potential aquaculture and pet food markets as natural antioxidant substitutes for synthetic antioxidants. The antioxidant …

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Determining The Proper Point Size For Display Type On Packaging, Joanna Fischer Aug 2012

Determining The Proper Point Size For Display Type On Packaging, Joanna Fischer

All Theses

Through the use of a preference test, the proper point size of display text on a package was evaluated in relation to a package's proportions. The test involved the examination of packaging images displaying the product or brand name in various point sizes by 150 participants who were then asked to choose the option they most preferred. The participants were then provided with a post-survey intended to gather additional information regarding potential preference motives.
The primary purpose of this study was to determine the most preferred display type size of a package based on its relationship with the package's proportions. …

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Demand For Food In Ecuador And The United States: Evidence From Household-Level Survey Data, Cesar Emilio Castellon Chicas Aug 2012

Demand For Food In Ecuador And The United States: Evidence From Household-Level Survey Data, Cesar Emilio Castellon Chicas

All Theses

This thesis consists of two essays focused on the estimation of food demand models from household-level data. The first essay examines the approach developed by Lewbel (1989) for the construction of household level commodity price indices (Stone-Lewbel prices) which can be used for the estimation of price effects in demand models. Stone-Lewbel prices are constructed using information on budget shares and Consumer Price Indices (CPIs) of the goods comprising the commodity groups. We consider three alternative CPIs for the construction of the Stone-Lewbel prices: monthly, quarterly and a constant (unity) price index (by a unity CPI we meant that all …

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An Experiential Model Of Evaluation: Incorporating Graduate Students In The Collection And Reporting Of Mixed-Method Data, Nancy Deringer Aug 2012

An Experiential Model Of Evaluation: Incorporating Graduate Students In The Collection And Reporting Of Mixed-Method Data, Nancy Deringer

Journal of Youth Development

A graduate level course was developed which incorporated the experiential learning philosophy of “learning by doing.” Students gained knowledge about program development and evaluation through using an on-line course management system as well as practicing what they learned during on-site evaluation visits. All background and supplementary reading materials, assignments, chats, and discussions were managed on-line. Students applied what they learned and collected quantitative and qualitative data while conducting site visits throughout the semester. Through this experiential learning evaluation course students made meaning from their direct experiences, took time to reflect upon their learning, and felt confident in their abilities as …

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Inventing Laughter: Comedic Writing Practices And The Limits Of Pedagogical Power, Daniel Liddle Aug 2012

Inventing Laughter: Comedic Writing Practices And The Limits Of Pedagogical Power, Daniel Liddle

All Theses

This thesis conducts an examination of the writing methods used by stand-up comedians using the lens of the rhetorical canon of invention. The study applies the theories of Thomas Rickert, Diane Davis, Ann Berthoff, and Janice Lauer in order to define the relationship between humor and epistemology, and to consider how this comedic-epistemic perspective can inform pedagogical practices in the composition classroom. This study relies mainly on the rhetorical analysis of 'How To' books on writing comedy, the methodologies of schools of comedy, as well as biographies by/about comedians in order to discuss the relationship between comedians and their 'material.' …

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Factors Affecting The Production Of Concentrated Blue Cheese Flavorings, Jason Raines Aug 2012

Factors Affecting The Production Of Concentrated Blue Cheese Flavorings, Jason Raines

All Theses

The effects of media type and culture selection on the aroma profile of Blue cheese flavorings produced using submerged culture fermentation were studied. Fermentations were carried out for 16 hours then compared using sensory analysis and GC/MS SPME. The differences between samples were minimal. Samples produced with adjunct media were found to have higher concentrations of methyl ketones and more &ldquo'creamy'&rdquo aroma character than samples produced from standard media. Higher levels of free fatty acids were found in standard media samples. Adjunct cultures appear to enhance the &ldquo'creamy'&rdquo character of Blue cheese flavorings.
Near-critical and supercritical carbon dioxide were used …

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Assessment Of Viability Of Probiotic Bacteria In Non Dairy Food Matrices Under Refrigeration Storage, Muthu Dharmasena Aug 2012

Assessment Of Viability Of Probiotic Bacteria In Non Dairy Food Matrices Under Refrigeration Storage, Muthu Dharmasena

All Theses

Functional foods serve nutrients and physiologically active components for a healthy living. In most countries, the products related to having a healthy gut dominate the functional foods market. These products are prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics. Concerning the health benefits, various probiotics are introduced to food matrices. Though dairy is the ideal food matrix for probiotics, the trend of non-dairy probiotics is growing among consumers.
This study included two research objectives: surveying the commercial probiotic containing products for probiotic level and developing a practical home-made probiotic fermentation process. The first part of this study was mainly based on assessing viability of …

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Chromosomal Patterns In Populations Of The Black Fly Simulium Fibrinflatum Twinn (Diptera: Simuliidae), Kyle Parks Aug 2012

Chromosomal Patterns In Populations Of The Black Fly Simulium Fibrinflatum Twinn (Diptera: Simuliidae), Kyle Parks

All Theses

Cryptic species are an important component of biodiversity, although most cryptic species have yet to be discovered. Cytogenetic studies of polytene chromosomes offer a unique level of resolution for detecting cryptic species in the family Simuliidae. Simulium fibrinflatum is a black fly morphospecies that is suspected to contain cryptic species because of its broad geographic range and variable pupal gill structure. Populations of Simulium fibrinflatum from the Saugahatchee River, AL; Anthony Shoals, GA; LaHave River, Nova Scotia; Westfield River, MA; Chauga River, SC; and Enoree River, SC, were sampled and cytogenetically analyzed to test for the presence of cryptic species. …

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Evaluation Of Dichloromethane As An Electron Donor For Reductive Dechlorination Of Tetrachloroethene To Ethene, Yogendra Kanitkar Aug 2012

Evaluation Of Dichloromethane As An Electron Donor For Reductive Dechlorination Of Tetrachloroethene To Ethene, Yogendra Kanitkar

All Theses

Tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) are the predominant contaminants at hazardous waste sites in the United States. Although less prevalent, dichloromethane (DCM) is also found at a number of sites. EPA classifies PCE and DCM as likely to be carcinogenic in humans by all routes of exposure, while TCE is classified as carcinogenic to humans by all routes. At some sites, releases of PCE, TCE and DCM comingle in the groundwater. Field evidence from one such site in California suggests that DCM is used as the electron donor for reductive dechlorination of TCE. Nevertheless, definitive evidence that DCM can serve …

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The Relationship Between Motivations For Physical Activity And Self-Esteem Of College Women, Emily Turke Aug 2012

The Relationship Between Motivations For Physical Activity And Self-Esteem Of College Women, Emily Turke

All Theses

Physical activity can have a positive impact on several aspects of mental health, including self-esteem. Positive mental health effects of physical activity may be related to increased skill competency and social interaction (Paluska & Schwenk, 2000). Research indicates that self-esteem is also increased by participation in physical activity. Specifically, girls who participate in physical activity have higher self-esteem than girls who do not participate (Wilson & Rodgers, 2002; Schmalz, Deane, Birch, Davidson, 2007). Self-esteem that emerges from physical activity is an important factor in the health and wellbeing of college women. Social, emotional, academic and physical aspects of a young …

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The Effect Of Food Ingredients On The Oxygen Barrier Properties Of Retort Materials, Amanda Ward Aug 2012

The Effect Of Food Ingredients On The Oxygen Barrier Properties Of Retort Materials, Amanda Ward

All Theses

An unexplored area in research is addressing how retorted food ingredients interact with retort packaging's oxygen barrier. Ten common food ingredients (whey protein isolate, soy protein isolate, bovine gelatin, fish gelatin, high molecular weight fish gelatin, water, air, oil, potato starch, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) were assessed to find their effect on the barrier properties of CPP, PET, and high barrier commercial retort pouches. OxySense Gen III 300 and Mocon OxTran 2/21 were used to evaluate the samples. CPP pouches were first assessed with the OxTran 2/21 and indicated that treatments affected the OTR's of the film materials. However, results from …

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Fluid Uptake By The Lepidopteran Proboscis In Relation To Structure, Karena Kwauk Aug 2012

Fluid Uptake By The Lepidopteran Proboscis In Relation To Structure, Karena Kwauk

All Theses

Three species of butterflies--eastern tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus L.), monarch (Danaus plexippus L.), and painted lady (Vanessa cardui L.)--were used to investigate the effect that exposing multiple regions of the proboscis to fluid has on feeding rate. Although the lepidopteran proboscis historically has been considered a sealed tube with a specialized region near the tip for fluid uptake, droplets of 1% sucrose solution were shown to enter multiple locations along the proboscis. Feeding experiments were conducted comparing fluid uptake rates of butterflies with their proboscises either fully or partially submerged in 1% or 15% sucrose solutions. Only one significant relationship …

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Biomass And Lipid Production From Heterotrophic And Mixotrophic Fed-Batch Cultivations Of Microalgae Chlorella Protothecoides Using Glycerol, Shwetha Sivakaminathan Aug 2012

Biomass And Lipid Production From Heterotrophic And Mixotrophic Fed-Batch Cultivations Of Microalgae Chlorella Protothecoides Using Glycerol, Shwetha Sivakaminathan

All Theses

Chlorella protothecoides is a microalga that can grow both photo-autotrophically and/or heterotrophically under different culture and environmental conditions. In this study both the heterotrophic growth and mixotrophic growth have been conducted. The heterotrophic experiments were conducted completely in the dark while the mixotrophic experiments had the dark cycles with periodic light exposure. The aim of the study was to independently understand the effect of each mode on biomass and lipid yields.
For the heterotrophic experiments, glycerol was used as an external organic carbon source while yeast extract was used as the nitrogen source. The carbon and nitrogen source were added …

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From Confederate Expatriates To New South Neo-Filibusters: Major Edward A. Burke And The Americas, Michael Powers Aug 2012

From Confederate Expatriates To New South Neo-Filibusters: Major Edward A. Burke And The Americas, Michael Powers

All Theses

The traditional historiography of the American South presents the New South creed as a vision emphasizing national reconciliation based upon the advancement of Southern commerce and industry. In addition, scholars broadly define New South spokesmen as men who came to maturity after the Civil War and did not involve themselves in state or national politics. An examination of Major Edward Austin Burke, however, reveals that at least one pivotal New South booster was a Confederate veteran and leading political figure; it also suggests the presence of an international component inherent in the New South paradigm of the 1880s. It is …

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The Formulation Of A Bone Targeted Drug Delivery System Of Poly(Glycolic Acid)-Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Coated Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles For The Delivery Of Statins, Erika Jelen Aug 2012

The Formulation Of A Bone Targeted Drug Delivery System Of Poly(Glycolic Acid)-Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Coated Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles For The Delivery Of Statins, Erika Jelen

All Theses

Bone is a form of mineralized connective tissue that provides strength and rigidity to the skeleton. The two primary components within bone tissue are an organic extracellular matrix, containing type I collagen, and an inorganic mineral component composed mainly of calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite crystals. Over time the microarchitecture of bone can break down due to a variety of different factors, mainly the onset of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women, Paget's disease, and the experience of a loss of gravity during space flight. Currently there are about ten million people in the United States alone suffering from osteoporosis.
The prevention of further …

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Mass Latex Balloon Releases And The Potential Effects On Wildlife, Stephan Irwin Aug 2012

Mass Latex Balloon Releases And The Potential Effects On Wildlife, Stephan Irwin

All Dissertations

The first component of the study examined the fate of balloons after release to determine aspects of where, in what state, and how long they persist in the environment to assess potential risk of exposure to wildlife. Tagged balloons from sporting events gave estimates of mean distances traveled from releases. Effects on the structural integrity of the latex balloon as it reaches the upper atmosphere were also tested to determine the physical state when fragments landed. Degradation studies were conducted to determine the length of time latex can persist in the environment after exposure to various environmental conditions (sun, shade, …

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Lignin Modification In Arabidopsis And Populus For Studies Of Gene Function And Improving Lignin Degradation, Yi Xu Aug 2012

Lignin Modification In Arabidopsis And Populus For Studies Of Gene Function And Improving Lignin Degradation, Yi Xu

All Dissertations

Lignin is one of the most abundant biopolymers in plants and plays an important role in plant structure and stress defense. Lignin is also considered to be a hallmark of vascular plants because of its crucial role in plant terrestrialization. However, lignin is an undesired component in the pulp and paper industry, bioethanol production, and forage digestibility. Thus, understanding the functions and the evolution of lignin biosynthesis genes can not only advance our knowledge of the evolution of land-adaptation for vascular plants but also help guide the effort to exploit the potential for genetic manipulation of lignin for desirable traits …

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Purification And Characterization Of Aspergillus Niger Α-L-Rhamnosidase For The Biotransformation Of Naringin To Prunin, Hui Ni, An Feng Xiao, Hui Nong Cai, Feng Chen, Qi You, Yun Zheng Lu Jun 2012

Purification And Characterization Of Aspergillus Niger Α-L-Rhamnosidase For The Biotransformation Of Naringin To Prunin, Hui Ni, An Feng Xiao, Hui Nong Cai, Feng Chen, Qi You, Yun Zheng Lu

Publications

This study was conducted to increase the bioactivity of litchi pericarp polysaccharides (LPPs) biotransformed by Aspergillus awamori. Comparedtothenon-A. awamori-fermented LPP, the growth effects of A. awamori-fermented LPP on Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were four and two times higher after 3 days of fermentation, respectively. Increased 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and DNA protection activity of litchi pericarp polysaccharides were also achieved after A. awamori fermentation. Moreover, the relative content of glucose and arabinose in LPP after fermentation decreased from 58.82% to 22.60% and from 18.82% to 10.09%, respectively, with a concomitant increase in the relative contents of galactose, rhamnose, xylose, …

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Clemson Commencement Program, May 2012, Clemson University May 2012

Clemson Commencement Program, May 2012, Clemson University

Clemson Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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Analysis Of The Relationship Between Sweetener Properties And Variations In Both Functionality And Final Product Characteristics, Danielle Lynn May 2012

Analysis Of The Relationship Between Sweetener Properties And Variations In Both Functionality And Final Product Characteristics, Danielle Lynn

All Theses

Scientific research and media attention regarding possible health concerns related to high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) consumption has led to a negative consumer perception of this ingredient. Therefore, the baking industry, which commonly uses HFCS as a sweetener, needs to identify appropriate replacements. Even though invert sugar (IS) is nutritionally similar to HFCS, its use in product formulations would allow HFCS to be removed from ingredient lists. Light agave nectar (LA) and amber agave nectar (AA) are two potential replacement ingredients, with the added benefit of low glycemic indexes for products targeting the diabetic community. This study was designed to …

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Serving As Suppliers To Institutional Foodservices: Supply Chain Considerations Of Small And Medium Scale Specialty Crop Producers, Laura Westray May 2012

Serving As Suppliers To Institutional Foodservices: Supply Chain Considerations Of Small And Medium Scale Specialty Crop Producers, Laura Westray

All Theses

Institutional foodservice, which includes schools, hospitals, and long-term care facilities, is an important food marketing channel. The centralized nature of the US food system effectively, and supply, logistic and other constraints, effectively precludes small and medium scale (SMS) specialty crop producers from serving as suppliers to these types of operations. Passage of The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and increasing public attention to food safety issues, further complicates this matter. While the FSMA Tester-Hagen Amendment provides regulatory exemptions for SME producers, it is likely that in the future food purchases on or behalf of institutions will require more stringent food …

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The Application Of Food Landscape In Johns De La Howe School, Shuowei Qin May 2012

The Application Of Food Landscape In Johns De La Howe School, Shuowei Qin

All Theses

Recently, food landscape has been put forward under ecological urbanism. Most of our food in the plate comes from miles away and transporting them consumes large amount non-renewable energy in earth. At the same time, our existing landscape suffers from the land degrading because of old ecological paradigm. Food landscape encourages combining edible plants in our landscape and works under new ecological paradigm which could best address those two main problems. Food landscape is a newly coined word and does not have a specific definition. From intensive literature review, the origin, the rationale, and the benefits of food landscape will …

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The Degree Of Peer Influences On Children's Food Choices At Summer Camp, Erin O'Neill May 2012

The Degree Of Peer Influences On Children's Food Choices At Summer Camp, Erin O'Neill

All Theses

Research has shown that peers influence each other in social situations. With childhood obesity becoming more prevalent in society, studying the influence peers have on their friends eating behaviors is important. National campaigns and laws have been promoted for the changing of food standards in schools but not recreation programs. Through direct observations of the foods children choose while amongst friends, the degree to which peers influence other children during a mealtime setting at camp is analyzed. When conducting research to test whether peers influenced children's food choices, noting the societal reasons and atmospheres in which children choose meals with …

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Biological Properties Evaluation And Chemical Profiles Of Phenolic Compounds In Muscadine Grapes (Vitis Rotundifolia), Qi You May 2012

Biological Properties Evaluation And Chemical Profiles Of Phenolic Compounds In Muscadine Grapes (Vitis Rotundifolia), Qi You

All Dissertations

Phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins in muscadines have attracted much attention due to their diverse biological activities. With bioassays of antioxidant activities in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) total anthocyanin content (TAC), total procyanidin content (TPA), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), ABTS radical scavenging Activity (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oil peroxidation inhibitory capacity of all muscadine samples, the muscadine grapes showed strong antioxidant activities. The liquid-liquid organic solvent extraction successfully separated the anthocyanins and other phenolics to different fractions. Strong linear relationship between responses of TPC, TAC and TPA versus their antioxidant activities …

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Qualified Affordance-Based Design, Jun Hu May 2012

Qualified Affordance-Based Design, Jun Hu

All Theses

Function-based approaches are taught by the engineering design community and implemented in practice. The most significant advantage of these approaches is that they can guide the designers to abstract the essential problems from the design requirements, build the function-based models, and consequently provide the direction of the solution. However, due to the lack of a consistent scientific definition on the meaning of the function, these approaches may be contradictory when representing human-centered aspects, features, and non-physical purposes. To address this issue, design researchers have pursued two general directions: (1) broadening the meaning of function and (2) introducing an alternative scientific …

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Effects Of Soy Supplementation On Bone Characteristics And Egg Quality In Peak Production Laying Hens, Kealani Izquierdo May 2012

Effects Of Soy Supplementation On Bone Characteristics And Egg Quality In Peak Production Laying Hens, Kealani Izquierdo

All Theses

In the last few decades equol, a metabolite of the isoflavone daidzein, has become the target of various animal and human studies. Coined the key to health benefits associated with soy foods, equol formation been implicated in the healthy profiles associated with Asian populations. As a metabolite of daidzein, equol must be synthesized from its precursor by intestinal bacteria; however, clinical and epidemiological studies indicate that only about a third of the general human population possess the microflora necessary to metabolize equol. Research indicates that by supplementing laying hens with soybean meal, equol deposition into table eggs can be stimulated, …

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Extraction And Identification Of Volatile Constituents Of Oplopanax Horridus , Gregory Jones May 2012

Extraction And Identification Of Volatile Constituents Of Oplopanax Horridus , Gregory Jones

All Theses

O. horridus is an important medicinal and spiritual plant for native peoples where it natively grows. Secondary volatile metabolites which compose the essential oil were isolated by atmospheric simultaneous distillation-solvent extraction (SDE) and headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) from the bark and leaves of Oplopanax horridus. The differences between the two extraction methods was investigated for their sensitivity, precision and use in separating volatile compounds from sample matrices.The extracts were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Compounds were identified according to their non-isothermal Kovats indexes, mass spectra, or by comparison with analytical standard substances. The bark essential …

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Nutrition Knowledge And Attitudes Among Clemson University Freshmen, Jonathan Unsworth May 2012

Nutrition Knowledge And Attitudes Among Clemson University Freshmen, Jonathan Unsworth

All Theses

This study was designed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of collegiate freshmen regarding nutrition principles and nutritional guidelines. Participants in this study were 73 first semester students at Clemson University. A questionnaire on nutrition knowledge and attitudes was distributed during the fall semester of 2010. The participants self-reported both height and weight.
The mean score on the knowledge questions was 12.25 points (SD= 2.73), or 49% correct responses. The mean score of the attitude questions was 5.92 points (SD= 1.50), or 65.7% correct responses. There was no significant difference in averages in knowledge and attitudes by gender, (P= .138) …

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The Effect Of Full Body Versus Partial Body Graphic Labeling On Beverage Packaging, Toni Gomes May 2012

The Effect Of Full Body Versus Partial Body Graphic Labeling On Beverage Packaging, Toni Gomes

All Theses

Through the collection of quantitative and qualitative data, the shelf presence of
full body graphic labels versus partial body graphic labels on plastic beverage bottles was
examined and evaluated. Eye tracking was used to collect phenomenological data atop
the stimuli, while a shopping checklist was used to collect purchase preference. A postexperiment
survey was also conducted in order to gather qualitative data regarding
possible purchase influences.
The experiment was a 2 (label size) x 6 (beverage flavor) x 2 (age group) study,
conducted with 28 participants in a consumer retail environment using mobile eye
tracking technology. The goal of this …

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The Diets Of Larval And Juvenile Pallid Sturgeon And Shovelnose Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus Spp.) In The Lower Mississippi River, Audrey Harrison May 2012

The Diets Of Larval And Juvenile Pallid Sturgeon And Shovelnose Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus Spp.) In The Lower Mississippi River, Audrey Harrison

All Theses

Although North American sturgeon have been the focus of extensive research in the last several decades, more research is essential to ensure their conservation. The free-flowing Lower Mississippi River (LMR) is occupied by two sympatric sturgeon, pallid [ Scaphirhynchus albus (Forbes & Richardson)] and shovelnose sturgeon [Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (Rafinesque)]. These species are considered 'endangered' and 'threatened,' respectively. Recent studies have documented the life history of adult sturgeon in the Mississippi River, but studies focusing on young-of-year and juveniles are limited because young fish are difficult to collect and identifications are problematic. Spawning sites in the LMR are unknown and though …

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