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Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences Of Hordeum Vulgare, Sorghum Bicolor And Agrostis Stolonifera, And Comparative Analyses With Other Grass Genomes, Susanna Ashton, Seung-Bum Lee, Siri Fjellheim, Chittibabu Guda, Robert K. Jansen, Hong Luo, Jeffrey Tomkins, Odd Arne Rognli, Henry Daniell, Jihong Liu Clarke Aug 2007

Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences Of Hordeum Vulgare, Sorghum Bicolor And Agrostis Stolonifera, And Comparative Analyses With Other Grass Genomes, Susanna Ashton, Seung-Bum Lee, Siri Fjellheim, Chittibabu Guda, Robert K. Jansen, Hong Luo, Jeffrey Tomkins, Odd Arne Rognli, Henry Daniell, Jihong Liu Clarke

Publications

Comparisons of complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera to six published grass chloroplast genomes reveal that gene content and order are similar but two microstructural changes have occurred. First, the expansion of the IR at the SSC/IRa boundary that duplicates a portion of the 5′ end of ndhH is restricted to the three genera of the subfamily Pooideae (Agrostis, Hordeum and Triticum). Second, a 6 bp deletion in ndhK is shared by Agrostis, Hordeum, Oryza and Triticum, and this event supports the sister relationship between the subfamilies …

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Staff Senate Minutes, 2007 June 12, Clemson University Jun 2007

Staff Senate Minutes, 2007 June 12, Clemson University

Staff Senate Minutes

No abstract provided.

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Bioinformatics Tool Development And Sequence Analysis Of Rosaceae Family Expressed Sequence Tags, Margaret Staton May 2007

Bioinformatics Tool Development And Sequence Analysis Of Rosaceae Family Expressed Sequence Tags, Margaret Staton

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BACKGROUND: An international community of researchers has generated a significant number of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) for the Rosaceae, an economically important plant family that includes most temperate fruits such as apple, cherry, peach, and strawberry as well as other commercially valuable members. ESTs are fragments of expressed genes that can be used for gene discovery, developing markers for mapping and cultivar improvement via marker assisted selection. Efficient dissemination and integration of this data is best facilitated through a centralized and curated database with associated sequence analysis tools.

DESCRIPTION: The Genome Database for Rosaceae (GDR) was initiated to provide a …

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The Differential Effects Of Two Critical Osteoclastogenesis Stimulating Factors On Bone Biomechanics, Yuyu Yuan May 2007

The Differential Effects Of Two Critical Osteoclastogenesis Stimulating Factors On Bone Biomechanics, Yuyu Yuan

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Many skeletal diseases, such as osteoporosis and malignant bone metastases, are generally osteolytic and associated with increased bone resorption and decreased bone strength. Within a complex cytokine environment, the proteins RANKL and M-CSF are critical for osteoclast differentiation and activation, and thus fundamental effectors of osteolytic disorders. Previous studies showed that M-CSF stimulates the proliferation and early differentiation of osteoclast progenitors to osteoclast lineage, while RANKL targets the later stages of fusion and activation, and stimulates the formation of functional active osteoclasts. However, impacts of artificially elevated levels of these proteins on the skeleton system have not been fully characterized. …

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The Microbiological Analysis Of Composting, Marion Shepherd May 2007

The Microbiological Analysis Of Composting, Marion Shepherd

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The objectives of this study were to: 1) perform a survey of South Carolina poultry farms to determine if the methods implemented resulted in the destruction of foodborne pathogens, and 2) determine the survival of E. coli O157:H7 in a dairy manure-based compost performed in uncontrolled environmental conditions.
In the survey of poultry farms Ninety-one (91) of 141 compost samples analyzed were positive for coliform populations ranging from 1.00 to 6.00 log10 CFU/g. Among finished compost samples (n=21), ca. 62%, 33%, and 14% were positive for coliforms, presumptive Salmonella, and presumptive Listeria, respectively.
In the investigation of the survival of …

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Software Development For Mechatronics Systems: Simulation Of Multiple Uav Navigation And Device Driver Interface For The Q4 Data Acquisition Card, Ninad Pradhan May 2007

Software Development For Mechatronics Systems: Simulation Of Multiple Uav Navigation And Device Driver Interface For The Q4 Data Acquisition Card, Ninad Pradhan

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Mechatronics systems are often a close interleaving of different aspects of hardware, software, control and mechanical design. Two such aspects are delved into in greater detail for this thesis, both related to software development.
Simulations are used to know the practical conditions under which a control design is effective. The system simulated in this case was a multiple vehicle system, where the vehicles navigated from source to a destination configuration avoiding two different kinds of obstacles.
Post simulation, a system is implemented using hardware and tested using an experimental setup. Data Acquisition Boards such as the Quanser Q4 are used …

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Histologic Examination Of Host-Parasite Interactions In The Gulf Killifish, Fundulus Grandis, Marlee Marsh May 2007

Histologic Examination Of Host-Parasite Interactions In The Gulf Killifish, Fundulus Grandis, Marlee Marsh

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Little is known about the immunobiology of fish responses to parasitic infections. The aim of this study was to describe a model for the examination of fish-nematode interactions on the immunological front, and to develop new reagents for the study of this model. Gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis, were collected over two seasons from Simmon's Bayou, Jackson County, MS, USA, pre Hurricane Katrina, and examined for endoparasites, particularly the larval nematode Eustrongylides ignotus. A baseline study was preformed to determine the prevalence, intensity, and histologic features of E. ignotus infection in F. grandis, and this study serves as the first description …

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Relationships Between Motility, Fertility And Cellular Characteristics Of Spermatozoa, And The Ability Of Platelet-Activating Factor To Influence Porcine Productivity, Jennifer Mook May 2007

Relationships Between Motility, Fertility And Cellular Characteristics Of Spermatozoa, And The Ability Of Platelet-Activating Factor To Influence Porcine Productivity, Jennifer Mook

All Dissertations

Differences between manual and machine motility analysis was determined for total motility (MOT) of bull semen samples (N=117) three ways: manual analysis on a microscope and on computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) systems: Hamilton-Thorne IVOS and Minitube SpermVision (SV). CASA analysis includes progressive motility (PRO) and related kinematic parameters. Analysis indicated differences between MOT: 83.06 (IVOS), 75.84 (manual), 65.48 (SV), and PRO: 44.25 (IVOS) and 60.07(SV). Relationships existed between manual MOT and both IVOS MOT (r=0.32) and SV MOT (r=0.59). The relationships between IVOS and SV MOT and PRO was notable (r=0.70 for both MOT and PRO).
The ability of platelet-activating …

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Developing Environmental Education, Nature-Based Tourism, And Outdoor Recreation Initiatives On A Solid Waste Management Site In Conway, South Carolina, David Dantzler May 2007

Developing Environmental Education, Nature-Based Tourism, And Outdoor Recreation Initiatives On A Solid Waste Management Site In Conway, South Carolina, David Dantzler

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The Horry County South Carolina Solid Waste Authority wanted to create a space that could serve the duties of the landfill and as an environmental education and recreation facility on a tract of land they own. Several areas of minimal ecological importance are used as sorting facilities for storm debris and cap dirt excavation areas for use on the active landfill. The remainder of the tract is planned for the development of an environmental education, nature-based tourism, and outdoor recreation center. A natural resources management plan was produced to promote and protect the ecological diversity of the tract. A geographic …

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Creating Convincing And Dramatic Light Transitions For Computer Animation, Rupali Parekh May 2007

Creating Convincing And Dramatic Light Transitions For Computer Animation, Rupali Parekh

All Theses

Lighting and atmospheric changes are complex phenomena that exist in nature; therefore replicating them using computer graphics can be quite challenging. Subtle changes in light conditions can greatly affect the mood or perception of the viewer and has been an important component of film making. With ever increasing technology and computing resources, filmmakers continue to strive to produce such complex effects that enhance their storytelling. Light transition (e.g.; day to night), continuously moving light sources, and dramatic change in seasons have been the focus of experimentation for many films. Most studios have therefore developed their own pipeline to create such …

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The Estuarine Killifish, Fundulus Heteroclitus, As A Model System For Developmental Immunotoxicology , Laura Hunt May 2007

The Estuarine Killifish, Fundulus Heteroclitus, As A Model System For Developmental Immunotoxicology , Laura Hunt

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Little is known about the development of the immune system in estuarine teleosts. The aim of this study was to describe the disappearance of maternally-derived immune components of immunity and the development of the immune system in the estuarine killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, also known as the mummichog. Maternal-derived IgM was measured by ELISA and whole body lysozyme levels were determined by both enzymatic and immunological methods. Recombination activation gene-1 (Rag-1) expression was quantified using real time quantitative PCR and organ development was monitored using histological techniques. Rag-1 was cloned from F.heteroclitus and a recombinant Rag-1 protein was expressed for the …

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Clemson Commencement Program, May 2007, Clemson University May 2007

Clemson Commencement Program, May 2007, Clemson University

Clemson Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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The Social And Civic Impacts Of Robert Winship Woodruff In The City Of Atlanta During The 1960s, Andrew Land May 2007

The Social And Civic Impacts Of Robert Winship Woodruff In The City Of Atlanta During The 1960s, Andrew Land

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Robert Winship Woodruff was born December 6, 1889, and died March 7, 1985. For more than sixty-two years he headed the Coca-Cola Company, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Woodruff amassed a tremendous fortune and was for years the richest man in Georgia and one of the wealthiest in the South. His wealth made him extremely powerful in political circles, and he came to dominate the city of Atlanta in a way unlike any other private citizen in any other comparable American city of the time. Though he never held elected or appointed political office, Woodruff controlled all major policy decisions made …

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Extinction Of Experience, Eileen Powell May 2007

Extinction Of Experience, Eileen Powell

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Three interrelated themes--beauty, control, and loss of nature--emerge as integral to my artistic examination of humanity's relationship to the web of life. My sculptures explore ideas of control, memory, and loss by contrasting organic ceramic forms that characterize nature with manmade materials such as ropes, chains, nets, or monofilament that represent the control humans exert over nature. All my sculptural forms are bound, wrapped, entangled, or in some way struggling against a physical force of great size and scale that symbolizes humans' domination over nature. My work seeks to reveal the emotion of loss by enlightening the viewer to the …

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Spawning Chronology Of Native And Introduced Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) In Two Gulf Of Mexico Drainages, Matthew Noad May 2007

Spawning Chronology Of Native And Introduced Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) In Two Gulf Of Mexico Drainages, Matthew Noad

All Theses

In this study, I investigated the potential for temperature to serve as a mechanism for maintenance of reproductive isolation in a sympatric population of Atlantic and Gulf striped bass in the Apalachicola and Ochlockonee rivers, Florida. Adult striped bass (n= 66, mean weight = 8.3 kg, mean total length = 780.6 mm) were collected from February to May below Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, on the Apalachicola River, and below Jackson Bluff Lock on the Ochlockonee River, Florida. Ancestry (Gulf or Atlantic) of specimens was determined based upon the methods of Wirgin et al. (2005) using three diagnostic microsatellite loci: …

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Characterization Of The Ibc Technologies Superlig¨ 620 Solid Phase Extraction Resin With Applications For Automated Process Monitoring, John Clements May 2007

Characterization Of The Ibc Technologies Superlig¨ 620 Solid Phase Extraction Resin With Applications For Automated Process Monitoring, John Clements

All Theses

Characterization of the IBC Advanced Technologies SuperLig¨ 620 solid phase extraction resin was performed in order to develop an automated strontium-90 process monitor. The main focus was on strontium separation from barium, with the goal of developing an automated separation process for strontium-90 in Hanford high-level tank wastes. High-level waste tanks contain significant cesium-137 activities, of which barium daughters are of great concern as interferences to strontium quantification. A number of complexants were studied in a series of batch distribution coefficient experiments, as SuperLig¨ 620 was not previously known to elute strontium in typical mineral acids. The optimal separation was …

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Influence Of Supramammary Lymph Node Extract On Cell Growth In Vitro, Danelle Duffy May 2007

Influence Of Supramammary Lymph Node Extract On Cell Growth In Vitro, Danelle Duffy

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ABSTRACT The bovine supramammary lymph node, located on the dorso-caudal surface of the udder, is a protein rich organ that is discarded on a regular basis during slaughter. Experiments were conducted to evaluate whether or not the lymph node extract could be used as a substitute for bovine growth serum in cell media. Two different preparations of lymph node extract were made and tested. Three different cell lines (MDA-MB-435, MAC-T, and 1C6) were used in assays to evaluate the lymph node extract as a supplement. The first extract yielded a protein concentration of 3.0 mg/ml (heat inactivated) and the second …

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Age, Growth, And Fecundity Of Alabama Shad (Alosa Alabamae) In The Apalachicola River, Florida , Travis Ingram May 2007

Age, Growth, And Fecundity Of Alabama Shad (Alosa Alabamae) In The Apalachicola River, Florida , Travis Ingram

All Theses

Age and growth of Alabama shad Alosa Alabamae were estimated by examining scales and otoliths from 203 adult fish collected on their spawning run in the upper Apalachicola River from 2005 and 2006. Ages of Alabama shad ranged from 1 - 4 years. Scales and otoliths both gave similar age estimates. Age distributions from this study differed from those of previous studies for both males and females. Female Alabama shad, on average, were found to be larger than males at age 2 and age 3. Alabama shad demonstrated a positive correlation of length to fecundity, with fecundity estimates ranging from …

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Evaluation Of Different Contra-Flow Strategies For Hurricane Evacuation In Charleston, South Carolina, Liz Stephen May 2007

Evaluation Of Different Contra-Flow Strategies For Hurricane Evacuation In Charleston, South Carolina, Liz Stephen

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The number of category four and five hurricanes has nearly doubled over the past decade. Charleston, the second most populous city in South Carolina, is located on a very low peninsula, making it susceptible to floods during hurricanes and storm surges. In the event of a hurricane, the population at-risk must be evacuated to safety as quickly as possible. The Interstate system is the primary mode to evacuate at-risk population out of Charleston. Effective traffic management strategies are needed to manage the significant increase in demand on highways during the evacuation and contra-flowing traffic has been applied as a strategy …

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Growth And Survival Of The Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei, In Sea Salt And Other Ionic Environments, Bisesi Hopkin Joseph May 2007

Growth And Survival Of The Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei, In Sea Salt And Other Ionic Environments, Bisesi Hopkin Joseph

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he Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is a euryhaline and eurythermal shrimp species. The robust nature of this species makes it a popular selection among shrimp aquaculturists. The high cost of coastal property as well as strict environmental regulations in developed countries has caused many shrimp farmers to move their operations further inland. Therefore, many inland farmers must bring in seawater, use brackish well water, or create their own environments using artificial sea salts. The purpose of this research was to determine if a sea salt mixture, ACS, composed of less expensive salts (NaCl, MgSO4, MgCl2, KCl, CaCl2 and NaHCO3), …

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Nighttime Pedestrian Conspicuity: The Effects Of Pedestrian Movement, Orientation And The Configuration Of Retroreflective Material, Stacy Balk May 2007

Nighttime Pedestrian Conspicuity: The Effects Of Pedestrian Movement, Orientation And The Configuration Of Retroreflective Material, Stacy Balk

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Most fatal collisions between vehicles and pedestrians occur at night; inadequate visibility is a key factor. Previous research has shown that positioning reflective markers on pedestrians in a manner that depicts biological motion greatly enhances conspicuity. This on-road experiment examined the conspicuity advantages of a full biological motion configuration relative to that provided by an ANSI class II safety vest. 120 healthy young participants were driven along a 3.5 mile route and pressed a button when they were confident they saw a pedestrian. A test pedestrian on the left shoulder of the roadway wore black clothing with either an ANSI …

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Effects Of Ionizing Radiaton On Diaphyseal Cortical Bone, Neil Travis May 2007

Effects Of Ionizing Radiaton On Diaphyseal Cortical Bone, Neil Travis

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Radiation exposure is experienced in both radiotherapy and exploratory space missions. As cancer treatments improve and astronauts aim to explore beyond low earth, radiation's effects on bone must be clearly understood. Nine-week old female C57BL/6 mice were evaluated for cortical bone changes by mechanical testing, micro-computed tomography, quantitative histomorphometry, percent mineralization and micro-hardness indentation. Study one, Multi-Type study, mice received a 2 Gray (Gy) gamma, proton, iron and carbon whole body radiation dose and sacrificed 110 days post-exposure. Study two, High-Dose study, mice received a 7 Gy gamma radiation whole body dose and sacrificed 14 days post-exposure. Neither study revealed …

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The Presidential Crisis Rhetoric Of September 11th, 2001 And Hurricane Katrina: Examples Of Charismatic Leadership Or Not?, Kelly Davis May 2007

The Presidential Crisis Rhetoric Of September 11th, 2001 And Hurricane Katrina: Examples Of Charismatic Leadership Or Not?, Kelly Davis

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This study investigates the influence of crisis on the use of charismatic rhetoric. Using computerized content analysis, the speeches and radio addresses of President Bush were examined during four time periods, including pre- and post-September 11th and pre- and post-Hurricane Katrina. Theoretical characteristics of charismatic leadership were examined through the development of eight charismatic rhetoric constructs (collective focus, temporal orientation, followers' worth, similarity to followers, values and moral justifications, tangibility, action, and adversity). Results from MANOVA tests reveal that the rhetorical leadership of President Bush became more charismatic following each of the crises, which suggests that the increased charisma was …

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'What Do We Get From Pakistan?' Major Shifts In U.S.-Pakistan Relations 1947-1982, Russell Williams May 2007

'What Do We Get From Pakistan?' Major Shifts In U.S.-Pakistan Relations 1947-1982, Russell Williams

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ABSTRACT
This thesis examines two crucial periods in the history of U.S.-Pakistan relations and how American policy makers' strategic thinking about Pakistan shaped the course of relations. Following the Korean War and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the United States invested heavily in the military forces of Pakistan. During both periods, it was widely held that the Soviet Union endeavored to threaten the Middle East and gain an outlet onto Indian Ocean. American planners believed that because of Pakistan's strategic location, it would be essential to preventing Soviet expansion in the region. In many ways, U.S. thinking in both periods …

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The Effects Of Landmark Information On Navigation Performance, Attention To The Driving Environment, And Vehicle Control, Rachael Daniels May 2007

The Effects Of Landmark Information On Navigation Performance, Attention To The Driving Environment, And Vehicle Control, Rachael Daniels

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Recent research has helped confirm that landmarks are used as strong navigational signals and assist with way-finding strategies. Current in-vehicle information systems however, use little information in the way of landmarks, and instead rely heavily on distance information in order to direct drivers to their destination. It has been suggested that our spatial knowledge of an environment rarely uses distance information accurately. Although, recent research has shown that landmarks are helpful, a deeper understanding of what specific types of landmarks help with navigation is lacking in the literature. The current study attempts to fill in this gap in the literature …

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Population Size And Passage Efficiency Of Alabama Shad Reaching Jim Woodruff Lock And Dam, Patrick Ely May 2007

Population Size And Passage Efficiency Of Alabama Shad Reaching Jim Woodruff Lock And Dam, Patrick Ely

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In this study, I estimated the population size of migrating Alabama shad below Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam (JWLD) in the Apalachicola River located in the central panhandle of Northwest Florida using mark recapture and relative abundance techniques. The number of marked fish was adjusted for tag loss, emigration and mortality. The population size of migrating Alabama shad near JWLD was estimated at 26,029 (95% C.I. = 15,174 - 49,040) in 2005 and as 972 (95% C.I. = 270 - 9,720) in 2006. Due to the small sample size, a relative abundance method was used to independently estimate a population …

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The Proliferative Response Of Equine Chondrocytes To Bovine Lymph Node Proteins In Vitro , Alison Reed May 2007

The Proliferative Response Of Equine Chondrocytes To Bovine Lymph Node Proteins In Vitro , Alison Reed

All Theses

Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of chronic lameness in horses. Many treatment options for osteoarthritis have limited effectiveness and are expensive. Treatments that stimulate cartilage development may promote cartilage healing. Bovine supramammary lymph nodes are available at no cost and contain bioactive growth factors that could promote cartilage healing. The purpose of this study was to measure the proliferative response of equine chondrocytes to bovine lymph node proteins. Chondrocytes were harvested from adult horses. Lymph node extract (LNE) was prepared by mixing freeze-dried lymph node powder with PBS. Experiments compared BGS and LNE on equal and unequal protein bases. Additional …

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The Interpretation Of Comingtee Plantation, Kimberly C. Norton May 2007

The Interpretation Of Comingtee Plantation, Kimberly C. Norton

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This thesis provides a long term preservation plan for Comingtee Plantation, located at the confluence of the east and west branch of the Cooper River in Berkeley County, South Carolina. The plantation, owned by the Ball Family for almost two hundred years, includes the ruins of an eighteenth- century house, a nineteenth-century rice mill, as well as yet undiscovered archaeological resources. The site is owned by the Department of Natural Resources, a state agency, and is accessible to the public, though use is generally limited to hunting activities. During the summer of 2006 I participated in an internship project with …

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The Effects Of Gaze Guidance On Educational Software, Brian Murphy May 2007

The Effects Of Gaze Guidance On Educational Software, Brian Murphy

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There are currently three main kinds of eye tracking applications: gaze-responsive, gaze-aware, and gaze-contingent. A fourth classification, termed gaze-guiding, to our knowledge, coined and implemented for the first time. The gaze-guiding technique is the use of motion, light, color, or other visual stimuli to modify the user's fixation to predetermined locations when the user fixates on specific areas of interest. To test the technique, an education software program that teaches physics through the use of gaze-guidance was developed. It is suggested that a natural mapping exists between gaze-guidance and the software's built-in lesson plan. It is also speculated that gaze-guidance …

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Using Cross-Sectioned Multilayer Polymer Film And Surface Modification To Form Chemically Patterned Substrates , Chun Zhang May 2007

Using Cross-Sectioned Multilayer Polymer Film And Surface Modification To Form Chemically Patterned Substrates , Chun Zhang

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Highly layered structures are important to micro- and nanofabrication technologies for understanding and controlling surface structures through manipulation of chemical and physical interactions. The objective of this work was to develop a new approach to create micro- and nanopatterned surfaces using multilayer polymer films of commercially available and inexpensive polymers instead of inorganic substrates. As an example, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and ethylene-co-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) were used as alternating inert and reactive polymers, respectively. Thin cross-sections of the multilayer molded sheets were prepared by ultra-microtoming.
As a precursor to the multilayer work, surface modification of EAA was conducted …

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