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Alternative Approaches To Live Attenuated Oral Rotavirus Vaccines, Makoye Mhozya Kanyema, Junhong Wang, Gui-Lian Yang, Xin Cao, Chunfeng Wang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Oral attenuated rotavirus vaccine is safe and effective in developed countries but, however, it is less effective in low income countries such as African and Asian countries. Low vaccine effectiveness in low-income countries is arising from a variety of sources such as maternal antibodies, chronic enteropathy and other enteric diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and parasitic diseases, as well as the microbiota. There is increasingly evidence related to the risk of intussusception for the oral vaccine. The development of effective and safer rotavirus vaccines, particularly, non-living candidates, is critical. The aim of this review therefore is to explore some of …

Protective Immunity Of The Pore-Forming Domains Of Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Apx Toxins In A Mouse Model, Kamonpun Chuekwon, Li-Ting Cheng, Chun-Yen Chu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The hemolytic/leukolytic toxins ApxI, II, and III play a central role in the pathogenicity of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and may serve as effective vaccine antigens. However, since these toxins are large in size, we aimed to determine whether only the pore-forming domain of the toxins may be sufficient for protective immunity. Mice were vaccinated with the pore-forming domains for immune response analysis and challenge test. Significant antibody response was observed for the ApxI and II vaccine groups. For cellular immune response, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell expansion was observed for ApxI. Pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1b, IL-6) and T_H2-type …

Discovery Of Chicken Proventricular Necrosis Virus From Transmissible Viral Proventriculitis Outbreak In Broilers, Thailand, ์Nantaporn Wandee, Preeda Lertwatchrasarakul, Thaweesak Songserm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) is an infectious disease-causing retarded growth in chickens. In Thailand, many stunted chickens have been found on commercial broiler farms since 2017. Significant post-mortem lesions are found only in the proventriculus. This study aims to investigate the causative agents of TVP outbreaks focusing on chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV), the possible significant cause of TVP. CPNV was reproduced in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Affected chickens that have undergone proventriculitis are CPNV-positive by RT-PCR and nucleotide sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. The result showed that proventriculitis could be experimentally reproduced by inoculation of proventricular homogenate obtained from …

Effect Of Rosmarinic Acid On Dog Semen Quality After Freeze-Drying By Applying Freeze-Drying Machines For Vaccine Production, Janjira Phavaphutanon, Phannipa Phungsombun, Kornchai Kornkaewrat, Sudtisa Laopiem, Wilairat Chumsing, Pattra Moonjit

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Freeze-drying (FD) is a sperm preservation method that eliminates the need for liquid nitrogen. However, the FD process can expose sperm to free radicals and temperature variations. This study aimed to determine the impact of rosmarinic acid (RA) as an antioxidant, initial sperm motility, and storage temperature on the DNA integrity of freeze-dried dog sperm. Forty-four ejaculates from 15 dogs of various breeds were divided into control (FD extender) and RA (FD extender with RA) groups, further categorized by motility (above or below 70%). After FD, samples were stored for three months at room temperature and 4 °C. Sperm quality …

Relationship Of Hyperlipidemia And Gallbladder Sludge Scores In Dogs With Hyperadrenocorticism, Jayeop Jo, Dohee Lee, Taesik Yun, Yoonhoi Koo, Yeon Chae, Dongwoo Chang, Byeong-Teck Kang, Mhan-Pyo Yang, Kyung-Duk Min, Hakhyun Kim

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) and hyperlipidemia have been identified as the causes of cholestatic disease in dogs. However, the possibility of direct association of HAC with a cholestatic disease or secondary hyperlipidemia-induced cholestatic disease in dogs with HAC has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and basal cortisol (BC) concentrations based on the gallbladder (GB) sludge score in dogs with HAC. This study was a retrospective cohort study. In total, 36 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) were divided into six groups (GB scores 0–5) based on the ultrasonographic evaluation of the …

An Indirect Elisa Using A Recombinant Envelope Protein For Detecting Antibody Against Duck Tembusu Virus Infection, Thaweesak Songserm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) belonging to Flavivirus group, causes severe central nervous system disorders and decreased egg production as found in Thailand. To detect antibody against the DTMUV infection, we developed an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the recombinant envelop (E) protein for coating antigen. The E protein coding gene of KPS54A61DTMUV was cloned into pPICzαA vector and expressed by using 2% (v/v) of absolute methanol as inducer in Pichia pastoris expression. The recombinant E protein was detected in the culture medium at a concentration of 4.55 mg/ml and analyzed a protein expected size by SDS-PAGE at 65 …

Effects Of Prostaglandin Administration After Farrowing On Milk Output, Vaginal Discharge, And Mastitis During The Early Postpartum Period In Sows Under Field Conditions, G. Romano, R. Saleri, F. De Rensis, E. Dall’Olio, Padet Tummaruk, M. Andrani, C. Mazzoni

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study evaluates the clinical effects of early post-partum prostaglandin administration on milk output, vaginal discharge and mastitis in sow. Two groups of sows were used: sows (n = 25) treated with prostaglandin F-2alpha (PGF-2α) intramuscularly 36 h after farrowing and a control group (n = 48) that did not receive any treatment. Seventy-two hours after farrowing, all animals were scored for rectal temperature, respiratory rate, feed ingestion, milk output, vaginal discharge and mastitis. Rectal temperature, feed intake, and milk output did not differ between the groups (P = 0.43). Regarding the clinical data, vaginal discharge was detected in …

Seroprevalence And Associated Risk Factors Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infections In Dogs In Egypt, Abdelfattah Selim, Mohamed Marzok, Hattan S. Gattan, Omar A. Aljabr, Mohammed H. Alruhaili, Mohamed Salem

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that is found all over the world and has significant importance in veterinary medicine and public health. Dogs are considered as a final host for the parasite and play an important role in spreading of infection via contamination of environment by oocysts. The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii and analysis risk factors associated with the infections in dogs. A total of 430 blood samples were collected from dogs from three governorates situated at northern Egypt and analyzed using commercial ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii in dogs was 24% …

Porokeratosis Ptychotropica With Scalp Involvement: A Case Report, Kobpat Phadungsaksawasdi, Pravit Asawanonda

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Porokeratosis, a spectrum of disorders characterized by abnormal keratinization, includes the rare variant, porokeratosis ptychotropica, typically manifests with hyperkeratotic plaques on the buttocks and genital area. Its clinical mimicry to various skin diseases, coupled with under-recognition of the disorder, results in frequent misdiagnosis. This challenge is compounded by the resistance of porokeratosis ptychotropica to treatment.

We report a 62-year-old Thai male with persistent pruritic hypertrophic plaques affecting the genitogluteal area, extremities, and scalp over five years, unresponsive to diverse topical agents. Histopathological findings revealed acanthotic epidermis with a cornoid lamella, consistent with porokeratosis ptychotropica. He was given oral acitretin at …

A Rare Presentation Of Giant Hepatic Hemangioma Mimicking Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Bikash Parida, Sherry Garg, Somadatta Das

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Hepatic hemangioma is a frequently occurring benign liver lesion detected on Imaging. It might be challenging to make a definite diagnosis of Hepatic hemangioma since its radiological characteristics can mimic those of hepatic malignancies such as metastatic liver cancer. A 65-year-old female patient complained of a month-long reduction in appetite and distension of abdominal discomfort in the right hypochondriac area. A B-mode ultrasound was suggested for the patient. On USG, there was a large, poorly defined heterogeneous lesion that entirely occupied the right lobe of the liver. It had a hyperechoic periphery, an irregular hypoechoic patch in the center, necrosis, …

Identification And Characterization Of Malaria Box Compounds Possessing Inhibition Effect On The Sars-Cov2 Spike Protein, Chotiyapat Sangvansindhu

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide since 2019. The repurposing existing drugs is a practical and promising alternative.

Objectives: To evaluate the binding interactions and inhibitory effect of malaria box compounds on the B-cell epitope regions of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Methods: Molecular docking of 400 malaria box compounds against the predicted B-cell epitopes of the spike was performed. The inhibitory effect of the malaria box compounds on the spike RBD were determined using competitive ELISA. The binding affinity between malaria box compounds and non-RBD epitopes were examined by surface …

The Impact Of Covid-19 Booster Vaccination On Reducing Mortality In Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19 At Sisaket Hospital, Nidhikul Tem-Eiam

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

The COVID-19 vaccine has the potential to decrease hospitalizations and fatalities, even when different vaccine types are administered. Towards the end of 2021, during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there were guidelines suggesting the administration of booster shots following the completion of the primary vaccine series. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of COVID-19 booster vaccinations and the timing between booster shots in terms of preventing fatalities among COVID-19-infected patients receiving care at Si Sa Ket Hospital

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on individuals aged 18 and above who were hospitalized with COVID-19 infection at Si Sa Ket …

Endogenous Car T Cell Activation Signal-Based Dual Car Construct, Asmita Khaniya, Koramit Suppipat M.D., Supannikar Tawinwung Ph.D., Nattiya Hirankarn M.D., Ph.D.

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Despite the notable success of chimeric receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in treating hematological malignancies, many challenges limit its therapeutic effectiveness. To overcome antigen loss mediated disease relapses, strategies like dual antigen-targeted CAR constructs have been used. However, this strategyrequires robust promoters, to ensure sufficient CAR expression on the cell surface. Utilization of multiple promoters cause the constitutive and simultaneous expression of CARs which lead to issues with CAR T cell tonic signaling and exhaustion.

Objective: This study aimed to utilize the endogenous CAR T cell activation signals to explore the dual CAR T cell-based platform.

Methods: Using scFv …

Factors Related To Physical Activity Of Patients With Permanent Cardiac Pacemaker, Priyaporn Phruksahiran, Noraluk Ua-Kit

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Over 1.3 million patients worldwide have permanent cardiac pacemakers (PPM). Patients with PPM, in the first to third months after implantation, still report problems with physical activity (PA), such as limitations in their lives, jobs, and exercise, inability to perform activities as before, and decreased PA.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the PA of patients with PPM and identify factors (age, perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, social support, and health literacy) related to the PA of patients with PPM.

Methods: This descriptive-correlational study included 110 male and female patients with PPM from three tertiary hospitals in …

Trends Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections Among Thai Pediatric Patients, Pintip Suchartlikitwong, Nopphon Wuthinantiwong, Watsamon Jantarabenjakul, Noppadol Wacharachaisurapol, Jiratchaya Sophonphan, Tanittha Chatsuwan, Thanyawee Puthanakit

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background While reductions in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections have been reported, vancomycin prescription rates have remained high.

Objectives We aimed to update trends in pediatric prevalence and antibiotic susceptibilities of MRSA infections.

Methods We conducted a retrospective study in patients aged S. aureus infections during 2016-2022 at a Thai tertiary-care hospital. MRSA was defined when resistant to cefoxitin or oxacillin MIC of >4 µg/mL. Patients with MRSA infections and their first isolates were classified into HA-MRSA or CA-MRSA based on surveillance definitions. Antibiotic susceptibilities were tested using the VITEK 2XL automated system and disk diffusion. The annual prevalence of …

Sinonasal Anatomical Analysis In Nonsyndromic Bilateral Coronal Suture Craniosynostosis Using Computerized Tomography, Tunchanok Paprad, Netsiri Dumromgpisutikul, Warunee Napakaew

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Craniosynostosis is a deformity of the skull associated with the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. In children with syndromic craniosynostosis, anomalies related to the cranial base and midface contribute to midface hypoplasia, affecting the diameter of the axial facial concavity. Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, especially bilateral coronal suture craniosynostosis, may result in abnormal facial proportions and affect sinonasal anatomy.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine and analyze morphometric measurement values in the sinonasal cavity of patients with nonsyndromic bilateral coronal suture craniosynostosis.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 91 children, aged 0 - 10 …

The Effects Of Implementing The 7e Learning Cycle Model On Cloud To Promote Science Communication And Writing Ability Among High School Students Under The Ministry Of Higher Education, Science, Research And Innovation, Sujika Ngamsa-Ard

Journal of Education Studies

This research aims to: 1) study the science communication and writing abilities of high school students after learning through the 7E learning cycle model on a cloud platform, and 2) compare the science communication and writing ability of students before, during, and after learning through the 7E learning cycle model on a cloud platform. The samples consisted of 30 tenth-grade students at a university demonstration school selected using purposive sampling.The research instruments included lesson plans utilizing the 7E learning cycle model on a cloud platform, and science communication and writing ability assessment forms. The collected data were analyzed using arithmetic …

Development Of Critical Thinking Scale Of Upper Secondary School Students In Social Studies By Applying Computerized Dynamic Assessment, Non Worathanaphimmakorn, Kamonwan Tangdhanakanond

Journal of Education Studies

The purposes of this pilot study were 1) to develop the critical thinking scale of upper secondary school students in social studies by applying computerized dynamic assessment, and 2) to validate the critical thinking scale of upper secondary school students in social studies by applying computerized dynamic assessment. The sample consisted of 100 upper secondary school students by purposive sampling. The research instrument used was the critical thinking scale by applying computerized dynamic assessment. Data were analyzed by using content validity, item validation including the difficulty and discrimination indexes, and internal consistency in terms of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results revealed …

Disability Among Older Adults With Hypertension In Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review, Utoomporn Wongsin, Arnat Wannasri, Dichapong Pongpattrachai, Tuo-Yu Chen

Journal of Demography

Background: The prevalence of chronic disease and disability is expected to increase when age increases. This study aims to investigate the published articles related to disability among older adults living with hypertension in Southeast Asia.

Study Design: A scoping review

Data source: Web of science, Pubmed, CINAHL ,Cochrane and a google search, from 2000 to 2023.

Results: There were six observational studies from Indonesia, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Thailand met our inclusion criteria. The studies mainly focus on investigating the prevalence, risk factors and sex difference in risk factors associated with disabilities among the older adults.

Conclusion: Our scoping review has …

Conceptual Metaphors Of Death In The Bible, Patamaporn Mingcharoenwong, Wuttinun Kaewjungate

Journal of Letters

This research aimed to analyze the metaphorical expressions that reflect conceptual metaphors or metaphorical concepts related to death in the Bible and to examine the metaphorical functions using the conceptual metaphor theory of Lakoff and Johnson (1980), Gibbs (1994), and Kövecses (2002). The study categorized metaphorical expressions and conceptual metaphors, and also utilized the concept of Goatly (1997) to investigate the functions of metaphors. For this research, data were collected from the “death” expressions that appeared in the 1971 Thai-language version of the Bible in the Holy Bible app developed by Life.Church (2023), comprising 300 passages (Bible verses).  It was …

Symmetric Dimethylarginine In Dogs With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Siwayu Rattanakanokchai, Numfa Fungbun, Ketmanee Senaphan, Supranee Jitpean, Trasida Ployngam

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) causes impaired kidney function in humans. However, this occurrence has not been well investigated in PAH dogs. Serum symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) is one of the early biomarkers of kidney impairment. The present study aims to evaluate SDMA levels of first diagnosed PAH (n=14) compared with healthy dogs (n=12) and to analyze the correlation between SDMA levels and significant echocardiographic parameters of PAH dogs. The mean SDMA of PAH dogs was statistically higher than that of healthy dogs (P = 0.003), while the mean serum creatine level had no difference among groups (P = 0.456). Precapillary PAH …

Normal Thymus Evaluation Using Radiographs And Computed Tomographic Images In Young And Adult Dogs, Yoenhee Park, Sang-Kwon Lee, Sooyoung Choi, Hojung Choi, Youngwon Lee, Kija Lee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The thymus generally presents as a sail-shaped soft-tissue opacity on thoracic radiographs in young, pre-pubescent dogs. After puberty, lymphatic tissue is replaced by adipose tissue and can usually no longer be identified on radiographs; however, thymic remnants have often been observed in adult dogs. The objective of this retrospective descriptive study was to investigate the incidence of thymic remnants using thoracic radiographs and to analyze the incidence in dogs by age, sex and breed. We analyzed the data from 1,464 dogs that underwent both thoracic ventrodorsal and right lateral radiography, of which 40 underwent both radiography and computed tomography (CT). …

Development Of Wireless Device Prototype For Measurement Of Rumen Ph And Temperature Continuously In Cattle, Piyanat Prasomsri, Apirak Tudsorn, Aekaluck Leklerdsiriwong, Chaidate Inchaisri, Siraphop Tooprakai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aims to develop a prototype rumen pH and rumen temperature measuring device for continuous measurement. The benefit is for the monitoring and early diagnosis of metabolic diseases in cattle, especially rumen acidosis and subacute ruminal acidosis. The developed prototype device was approximately 50 millimeters in diameter, 145 millimeters in length and weighed 400 grams. The outer structure of the prototype was made from abs plastic made by a 3D printer, while the internal device contained pH and temperature sensors, a microcontroller and battery. The prototype was placed in the ventral sac of the rumen of fistulated cattle for …

Qualitative Risk Analysis On Likelihood Of Foot And Mouth Disease (Fmd) Reintroduction In The Philippines Through The Importation Of Dairy Cattle From Fmd-Free Zones With Vaccination In Brazil, Emerson P. Tapdasan, Kenny Oriel A. Olana

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The potential of Girolando cattle from Brazil has generated much interest in the Philippines and the possibility of their importation to contribute to the latter’s dairy industry development has been raised. The most crucial issue that needs to be addressed is the probable introduction of exotic livestock diseases or pathogens of different strains like Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus (FMDv) which might destroy the Philippines’ livestock industry. This study involved only the work required to conduct a preliminary qualitative risk analysis (RA) on the likelihood of FMDv being reintroduced into the Philippines through the importation of Girolando cattle from FMD-free zones with …

Comparison Of Different Pinning Techniques For 3d-Printed Radius With Salter-Harris Type I Fracture, Tea-Hyung Kim, Hwi-Yool Kim

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of the present study was to compare different pinning techniques for distal radius with Salter-Harris type I fracture. Computed Tomography (CT) images of a distal antebrachium of the 6.5 kg, growing, 6-month-old intact male mongrel dog were 3D-printed with Polycarbonate (PC) material. Twenty-one synthetic bones were classified into three groups. Cross pinning, Parallel pinning, and HK2 pinning techniques were applied to each group. A compressive shear test was applied to each group, and the results at 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm displacement and the load at failure were analyzed through statistical software. It was found that …

Community Public Health: Lessons Learned, Ratana Somrongthong

Journal of Health Research

Background: This paper aims to present the experiences and lessons learned from working in community public health.

Methods: This is an invited commentary.

Results: Based on my experiences working with communities to enhance adolescent health, there are some steps to consider when approaching a community including: (1) Situation analysis, (2) Identify activities and services (3) Identify problems and priority setting (4) Develop common objectives (5) Identify organizational responsibilities 6) Create partnerships, and implementation (7) Monitoring and evaluation and(8)Reflection and review.

Conclusion: Lessons learned from working in the communities included: (1) Communication skills, (2) Problem solving skills, (3) Cultural …

Using Health Literacy As A Tool For Equity And Engagement In Health Systems, Catina O'Leary, Stephanie Gonzalez, Mark Valenti

Journal of Health Research

Background: Health literacy (HL) is among the evidence-based strategies to promote health equity and communities/individuals’ engagement to attain higher health outcomes.

Method: Invited commentary.

Results: HL is the ability to use information and services for health-related actions. Up to 88% of US and 50% of eight European countries’ individuals, particularly those from marginalized communities, have low HL resulting in poor health outcomes and billions of dollars in avoidable healthcare expenses. There are varying levels of focus and funding to engage individuals to become active subjects rather than objects of healthcare. Heads of academic institutions and of health organizations must create …

Rapid Estimate Of Adult Literacy In Medicine (Realm) Is Associated With Congestive Heart Failure (Chf) Discharge Summary Comprehension, But Not Readmission, Ann Schindler, Danielle Baek, Shoshana Weiner

Journal of Health Research

Background: Inadequate health literacy has been associated with an increased risk of hospital readmissions in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). This may be related to patients’ ability to understand discharge instructions. We evaluated associations of health literacy to discharge summary comprehension and the occurrence of 30-day CHF readmissions.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 46 patients admitted to the University of Maryland Medical Center was conducted in 2019 and 2021. Health literacy was determined by Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) scores. Discharge summary comprehension was determined by the number of correct answers to a 10-item …

Effectiveness Of Burnout Assessment Scales Among Healthcare Workers In Malaysia: A Systematic Review, Suriya Kumareswaran Vallasamy, Rosnah Ismail, Bala Murali Sundram

Journal of Health Research

Background: Burnout among healthcare workers, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has prompted exploration of effective interventions and assessment tools. The comprehension of burnout assessment scales tailored to healthcare professionals in Malaysia enables the implementation of targeted intervention and the provision of comprehensive healthcare services.

Methods: This systematic review assesses the effectiveness of the burnout assessment scales in Malaysia. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched databases including PsycINFO, Embase, and PubMed from January 2015 to June 2023 for studies involving Malaysian healthcare workers and validated burnout assessment scales. We assessed study quality and extracted data to analyse burnout prevalence, influencing …

Health On The Move: The Impact Of Migration On Communicable Respiratory And Vaccine Preventable Diseases In Thailand, Attasuda Lerskullawat, Thitima Puttitanun

Journal of Health Research

Background: Given the potential impact of migrants on the spread of communicable diseases, this paper delves into the relationship between migrants and communicable respiratory and vaccine-preventable diseases.

Method: A spatial panel autoregressive model is applied on the provincial level data in Thailand from the period 2016 to 2021.

Results: The results show that the impact of migrants on communicable diseases in the country varies depending on the type of disease. While an increase in migrant numbers is associated with a higher incidence of influenza, the prevalence of hepatitis B is reduced. Additionally, other socio-economic factors, such as GPP per capita, …