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Effects Of A Marginal Zinc Diet On Intestinal Health And Immune Function, Daniel G. Peterson, James P. Mcclung, Angus G. Scrimgeour, Elizabeth A. Koutsos Jan 2006

Effects Of A Marginal Zinc Diet On Intestinal Health And Immune Function, Daniel G. Peterson, James P. Mcclung, Angus G. Scrimgeour, Elizabeth A. Koutsos

Animal Science

Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient for overall health and proper immune function, especially within the digestive system, although the specific mechanisms by which it exerts these effects are not well understood. In this study we examined the effects of short term exposure to a marginal Zn diet on the intestinal health and immune function of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenged mice through plasma cytokine profiling and histologic evaluation of intestinal tissue sections. Adult male mice were fed a Zn-adequate (30 ppm) or Zn-marginal (3 ppm) diet for 4 wk and then a bacterial challenge was simulated with an intraperitoneal injection of …


Predictions On Preserving Bone Mass In Knee Arthroplasty With Bisphosphonates, Jeffry S. Nyman, Juan J. Rodrigo, Scott J. Hazelwood, Oscar C. Yeh, R. Bruce Martin Jan 2006

Predictions On Preserving Bone Mass In Knee Arthroplasty With Bisphosphonates, Jeffry S. Nyman, Juan J. Rodrigo, Scott J. Hazelwood, Oscar C. Yeh, R. Bruce Martin

Biomedical Engineering

Using a computational model of bone adaptation, we investigated the long-term ability of bisphosphonates to minimize proximal bone loss that is associated with stress shielding in the tibia after long-stemmed total knee arthroplasty (TKA). When invoking bisphosphonate effects, the remodeling activity was suppressed, and the resorption size was reduced. Compared with the untreated simulation, bisphosphonate slowed the rate of bone loss after TKA (42% reduction in bone loss at 1 year). Activating the drug 3 months before the surgery reversed bone loss associated with the reduction in such activities as walking, but it did not provide any substantial benefit in …


Annual Summary Of Grant And Contract Activity Fiscal Year 2006, Grants Development Office Jan 2006

Annual Summary Of Grant And Contract Activity Fiscal Year 2006, Grants Development Office

Grants Development Office Reports

No abstract provided.


Proposals Submitted In Fiscal Year 2006, Grants Development Office Jan 2006

Proposals Submitted In Fiscal Year 2006, Grants Development Office

Grants Development Office Reports

No abstract provided.


Continuing Evolution Of Aerodynamic Concept Development Using Collaborative Numerical And Experimental Evaluations, Russell M. Cummings, Scott A. Morton Jan 2006

Continuing Evolution Of Aerodynamic Concept Development Using Collaborative Numerical And Experimental Evaluations, Russell M. Cummings, Scott A. Morton

Aerospace Engineering

Traditionally, computational predictions and experimental evaluations of aerodynamic concepts have been conducted separately, with little collaboration other than post priori comparisons of results. This has led to distrust and even antagonism between the computational and the experimental communities. These difficulties probably began when early computational fluid dynamic practitioners boasted that wind tunnels would become secondary in aerodynamic concept development within a few short years, a prediction that has not come true. On the contrary, it is believed that a great deal of synergy can be cultivated when computational and experimental evaluations are conducted in an integrative fashion. A variety of …


Winter Profile Of Plasma Sex Steroid Levels In Free-Living Male Western Diamond-Backed Rattlesnakes, Crotalus Atrox (Serpentes: Viperidae), Gordon W. Schuett, Roger A. Repp, Emily N. Taylor, Dale F. Denardo, Ryan L. Earley, Edward A. Van Kirk, William J. Murdoch Jan 2006

Winter Profile Of Plasma Sex Steroid Levels In Free-Living Male Western Diamond-Backed Rattlesnakes, Crotalus Atrox (Serpentes: Viperidae), Gordon W. Schuett, Roger A. Repp, Emily N. Taylor, Dale F. Denardo, Ryan L. Earley, Edward A. Van Kirk, William J. Murdoch

Biological Sciences

Recent field studies on the reproductive ecology of western diamond-backed rattlesnakes (Crotalus atrox) from populations in southern Arizona showed significant differences in the concentration of plasma sex steroids (testosterone, T; 5α-dihydrotestosterone, DHT; and 17β-estradiol, E2) throughout the active season (March–October), and peak levels were coincident with the two mating periods (late summer and early spring). There is, however, no information on levels of sex steroids during winter. Similar to most snakes, hibernating individuals of C. atrox are typically inaccessible, but in southern Arizona, where environmental conditions are typically mild during winter, adult males frequently bask at …


A Reaction–Diffusion Analysis Of Energetics In Large Muscle Fibers Secondarily Evolved For Aerobic Locomotor Function, Kristin M. Hardy, Bruce R. Locke, Marilia Da Silva, Stephen T. Kinsey Jan 2006

A Reaction–Diffusion Analysis Of Energetics In Large Muscle Fibers Secondarily Evolved For Aerobic Locomotor Function, Kristin M. Hardy, Bruce R. Locke, Marilia Da Silva, Stephen T. Kinsey

Biological Sciences

The muscles that power swimming in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, grow hypertrophically, such that in juvenile crabs the cell diameters are


Phytoremediation: An Affordable Green Technology For The Clean-Up Of Metal-Contaminated Sites In Sri Lanka, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Kathleen M. Tompkins, Peter G. Pavicevic Jan 2006

Phytoremediation: An Affordable Green Technology For The Clean-Up Of Metal-Contaminated Sites In Sri Lanka, Nishanta Rajakaruna, Kathleen M. Tompkins, Peter G. Pavicevic

Biological Sciences

Phytoremediation, the use of plants to remediate sites contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants, and phytomining, the technology involved in extracting the pollutants removed for commercial purposes, are rapidly-growing industries with multi-million dollar markets. This solar-driven, green technology is oftenfavored over more conventional methods of clean-up due to its low cost, low impact, and wider public acceptance. In this paper we discuss phytoremediation as a valid alternative for remediating contaminated bodies of soils and water in developing countries like Sri Lanka, where clean-up can often be stalled due to the high costs associated with traditional remediation technologies. While phytoremediation techniques …


Renewable Materials And Construction Waste Management, Samuel A. Vigil Jan 2006

Renewable Materials And Construction Waste Management, Samuel A. Vigil

Civil and Environmental Engineering

No abstract provided.


Renewable Energy, Samuel A. Vigil Jan 2006

Renewable Energy, Samuel A. Vigil

Civil and Environmental Engineering

No abstract provided.


Correlation Of Dgat1 Genetic Variants With Fat Content In The Cal Poly Herd, S. Henderson, A. Laubscher, Juan F. Medrano, G. Rincon, Rafael Jiménez-Flores Jan 2006

Correlation Of Dgat1 Genetic Variants With Fat Content In The Cal Poly Herd, S. Henderson, A. Laubscher, Juan F. Medrano, G. Rincon, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.


Effect Of Processing On The Composition And Structure Of Buttermilk And Of Its Milk Fat Globule Membranes, Pierre Morin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Yves Pouliot Jan 2006

Effect Of Processing On The Composition And Structure Of Buttermilk And Of Its Milk Fat Globule Membranes, Pierre Morin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Yves Pouliot

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.


Jane Air: The Heroine As Caged Bird In Charlotte Brontë’S Jane Eyre And Alfred Hitchcock’S Rebecca, Paul Marchbanks Jan 2006

Jane Air: The Heroine As Caged Bird In Charlotte Brontë’S Jane Eyre And Alfred Hitchcock’S Rebecca, Paul Marchbanks

English

No abstract provided.


Fossil History Of Billfishes (Xiphioidei), Harry L. Fierstine Jan 2006

Fossil History Of Billfishes (Xiphioidei), Harry L. Fierstine

Biological Sciences

This review characterizes each of the five extinct and extant families of billfishes and discusses the relevant literature. Families include: Hemingwayidae (monotypic; late Paleocene, Turkmenistan), Blochiidae (1 genus, 2 species; middle Eocene, Italy), Palaeorhynchidae (4 genera, ca. 22 species; early Eocene-possibly early Miocene, Europe, Iran, Russia, U.S.A.), Xiphiidae that includes the subfamilies Xiphiorhynchinae (1 genus, 9 species; early Eocene-late Oligocene, Egypt, Europe, U.S.A.) and Xiphiinae (monotypic; middle Miocene-present, world-wide temperate- tropical seas), and the Istiophoridae (3 genera, 13 species; middle Miocene-present; world-wide temperate-tropical seas). Billfishes first appeared in the region of the ancient Tethys Sea (or Paratethys), except for the …


Viewpoint: Look Before Taking Another Leap For Mankind- Ethical And Social Considerationa In Rebuilding Society In Space, Patrick Lin Jan 2006

Viewpoint: Look Before Taking Another Leap For Mankind- Ethical And Social Considerationa In Rebuilding Society In Space, Patrick Lin

Philosophy

Commercial space travel is looking more like a real possibility than science fiction, but tied to that ambition we may be held back by the gravity of emerging ethical dilemmas. This viewpoint article surveys a range of social, economic, and political questions, and critically evaluates reasons why we should explore space. The usual ethical issues related to environmental and safety concerns are just the beginning, as there are other interesting questions, such as: what would be a fair process for commercializing or claiming property in space; how likely would a separatist movement be among space settlements who want to be …


Using Latent Effects To Determine The Ecological Importance Of Dissolved Organic Matter To Marine Invertebrates, Dean E. Wendt, Collin H. Johnson Jan 2006

Using Latent Effects To Determine The Ecological Importance Of Dissolved Organic Matter To Marine Invertebrates, Dean E. Wendt, Collin H. Johnson

Biological Sciences

The uptake and utilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by marine invertebrates is a field that has received significant attention over the past 100 years. Although it is well established that DOM is taken up by marine invertebrates, the extent to which it contributes to an animal's survival, growth, and reproduction (that is, the ecological benefits) remains largely unknown. Previous work seeking to demonstrate the putative ecological benefits of DOM uptake have examined them within a single life stage of an animal. Moreover, most of the benefits are demonstrated through indirect approaches by examining (1) mass balance, or (2) making …


Factors That Influence Elastomeric Coating Performance: The Effect Of Coating Thickness On Basal Plate Morphology, Growth And Critical Removal Stress Of The Barnacle Balanus Amphitrite, D. E. Wendt, G. L. Kowalke, J. Kim, I. L. Singer Jan 2006

Factors That Influence Elastomeric Coating Performance: The Effect Of Coating Thickness On Basal Plate Morphology, Growth And Critical Removal Stress Of The Barnacle Balanus Amphitrite, D. E. Wendt, G. L. Kowalke, J. Kim, I. L. Singer

Biological Sciences

Silicone coatings are currently the most effective non-toxic fouling release surfaces. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the performance of silicone coatings is necessary to further improve their design. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth, and critical removal stress of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. Barnacles were grown on silicone coatings of three thicknesses (0.2, 0.5 and 2 mm). Atypical (“cupped”) basal plate morphology was observed on all surfaces, although there was no relationship between coating thickness and i) the proportion of individuals with the atypical morphology, or …


Lassen Volcanic National Park Small Vertebrate Inventory Project: Preliminary Results 2000-2004, John D. Perrine Jan 2006

Lassen Volcanic National Park Small Vertebrate Inventory Project: Preliminary Results 2000-2004, John D. Perrine

Biological Sciences

Biologists at Lassen Volcanic National Park in northern California conducted an inventory of non-flying small mammals, amphibians and reptiles from 2000 through 2004. The four primary habitat types in the park (brush, forest, riparian and subalpine) were each sampled at one high elevation and one mid-elevation site in the park. Each of the eight sites was sampled for four six-day periods between June and September each year using a combination of pitfall, Sherman and Tomahawk traps, coverboards and unbaited automatic camera stations. This effort yielded 12,150 captures and 776 photo detections. A total of 649 voucher specimens, representing 19 mammal, …


Osteon Interfacial Strength And Histomorphometry Of Equine Cortical Bone, Robert F. Bigley, Lanny V. Griffin, Lisa Christensen, Ryan Vandenbosch Jan 2006

Osteon Interfacial Strength And Histomorphometry Of Equine Cortical Bone, Robert F. Bigley, Lanny V. Griffin, Lisa Christensen, Ryan Vandenbosch

Biomedical Engineering

The interfacial strength of secondary osteons from the diaphysis of the Thoroughbred equine third metacarpal was evaluated using the fiber pushout test. The pushout was performed on 300–500 mm sections of 4x4x15mm bone blocks machined from four anatomic regions of the cortex. Pushout strength was evaluated from proximal to distal location within the diaphysis on four osteon types classified under polarized light on adjacent histologic sections from each block. The shear strength of the interfaces were estimated from shear lag theory. Differences were found in the interfacial strength of osteons based on appearance under polarized light with bright field having …


The Ball Lightning Conundrum, William D. Stansfield Jan 2006

The Ball Lightning Conundrum, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article focuses on the issue regarding the existence of ball lightning. The phenomenon regarding its existence is a reality accepted by most scientists, but how it is formed and maintained has yet to be fully explained. According to the author the rarity of ball lightning and the ease with which some of its characteristics can be confused with other Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO) that makes it unlikely to be the source of all but a few UFO reports.


The Enigma Of Coral Castle, William D. Stansfield Jan 2006

The Enigma Of Coral Castle, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article discusses the mystery of how Coral Castle near Miami, Florida was built. It is believed that the castle was built by a single man using only simple hand tools. The man who said to built the castle was Latvia-born Edward Leedskalnin. How he supported himself and paid for the land and tools for building a castle is an important part of the mystery.


Cinematic Representation: Jardín El Carmen, Cesar Torres Bustamante Jan 2006

Cinematic Representation: Jardín El Carmen, Cesar Torres Bustamante

Landscape Architecture

No abstract provided.


Technique As Method, Mark Cabrinha Jan 2006

Technique As Method, Mark Cabrinha

Architecture

No abstract provided.


A Call To Green Action Jan 2006

A Call To Green Action

Cal Poly Magazine

No abstract provided.


A Portrait Of Young Students As Artists, Pat Ketchum Jan 2006

A Portrait Of Young Students As Artists, Pat Ketchum

Cal Poly Magazine

No abstract provided.


Osteonal Effects On Elastic Modulus And Fatigue Life In Equine Bone, V. A. Gibson, S. M. Stover, J. C. Gibeling, S. J. Hazelwood, R. B. Martin Jan 2006

Osteonal Effects On Elastic Modulus And Fatigue Life In Equine Bone, V. A. Gibson, S. M. Stover, J. C. Gibeling, S. J. Hazelwood, R. B. Martin

Biomedical Engineering

We hypothesized that recently formed, incompletely mineralized, and thus, relatively deformable osteons in the equine third metacarpus enhance in vitro load-controlled fatigue life in two ways. Macroscopically, there is a compliance effect, because reduced tissue elastic modulus diminishes the stress required to reach a given strain. Microscopically, there is a cement line effect, in which new osteons and their cement lines more effectively serve as barriers to crack propagation. We studied 18 4×10×100 mm beams from the medial, lateral, and dorsal cortices of metacarpal bones from 6 thoroughbred racehorses. Following load-controlled fatigue testing to fracture in 4 point bending, a …


Cal Poly Program Flyers: 2006-2009, Robert Field Jan 2006

Cal Poly Program Flyers: 2006-2009, Robert Field

Research Scholars in Residence

No abstract provided.


Light Motion Machines, Thomas Fowler, Iv Jan 2006

Light Motion Machines, Thomas Fowler, Iv

Architecture

Students worked in four teams of three to four each and were assigned the construction of a light motion machine. Teams developed devices, which were an interpretation of László Moholy-Nagy’s 1930’s Space Light Modular Machine. These machines had to have moving parts for the purpose of studying light and shadow projections in motion. László Moholy-Nagy’s Space Light Modular Machine was a mechanically driven rotating kaleidoscope projecting ever-changing patterns of light, shadow, and color. Students were provided information on Moholy-Nagy’s machine and also shown a range of interpretations students developed in a previous studio.


Characterizing The Resident, Fermentative Microbial Consortium In The Hindgut Of The Temperate-Zone Herbivorous Fish, Hermosilla Azurea (Teleostei: Kyphosidae), Pat M. Fidopiastis, Daniel J. Bezdek, Michael H. Horn, Judith S. Kandel Jan 2006

Characterizing The Resident, Fermentative Microbial Consortium In The Hindgut Of The Temperate-Zone Herbivorous Fish, Hermosilla Azurea (Teleostei: Kyphosidae), Pat M. Fidopiastis, Daniel J. Bezdek, Michael H. Horn, Judith S. Kandel

Biological Sciences

The zebraperch, Hermosilla azurea Jenkins and Evermann, a warm-temperate marine fish species with a strictly macroalgal diet, has a relatively long digestive tract with an enlarged hindgut and an associated blind caecum (HC). In zebraperch sampled off Santa Catalina Island, California (33°19′42′′N; 118°18′37′′W) in years 1995 through 2001, direct cell counts, gut epithelium assessment of bacterial attachment, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analyses verified that the zebraperch HC possesses a dense and morphologically diverse, fermentative microbiota. Bacterial cell counts and morphological diversity were significantly higher in HC contents compared to anterior gut regions, suggesting that microbial populations were growing along …


Recombinant Human Bmp-7 Effectively Prevents Non-Union In Both Young And Old Rats, David J. Hak, Takeshi Makino, Takahiro Niikura, Scott J. Hazelwood, Shane Curtiss, A. Hari Reddi Jan 2006

Recombinant Human Bmp-7 Effectively Prevents Non-Union In Both Young And Old Rats, David J. Hak, Takeshi Makino, Takahiro Niikura, Scott J. Hazelwood, Shane Curtiss, A. Hari Reddi

Biomedical Engineering

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of age on the effectiveness of rhBMP-7 treatment in a fracture with severe periosteal damage that is known to result in non-union formation. Closed stabilized femur fractures were produced in 3-month-old and 18-month-old rats. The fracture site was exposed and 2 mm of the periosteum cauterized circumferentially to impair normal fracture healing. The cauterized fracture site was immediately treated with either 100 mg rhBMP-7 (BMP-7 group), or with 25 xL of vehicle alone (control group). Fracture healing was evaluated with radiographs taken at 3 and 6 weeks. Animals were sacrificed …