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Dr. Friesner, Botanist-Teacher, J. Johanna Jones
Dr. Friesner, Botanist-Teacher, J. Johanna Jones
Butler University Botanical Studies
With the passing of Dr. Ray C. Friesner, Indiana has lost one of her most active field botanists and teachers. For more than thirty years, Dr. Friesner hiked the woods and fields of Indiana, collecting and identifying plants to swell the records of Indiana flora. As a teacher and scientist, he inspired many students with his example of industry, study, and vision.
Temperature Inversions In The Pinyon-Juniper Zone Of A Nevada Mountain Range, W. D. Billings
Temperature Inversions In The Pinyon-Juniper Zone Of A Nevada Mountain Range, W. D. Billings
Butler University Botanical Studies
Prominent on the sides of the Great Basin mountain ranges of Nevada is an open woodland zone of small conifers in which the dominants are pinyon (Pinus monophylla T. and F.) and juniper (Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little). It is apparent even to the casual observer that this dark green zone is almost entirely restricted to the slopes; the grayish sagebrush valley bottoms are treeless except for willows and cottonwoods along the drainages. Also treeless are most of the ridges and peaks which rise above the two or three thousand vertical feet covered by the woodland. Within the dwarf …
Dean Ray C. Friesner (A Tribute)
Dean Ray C. Friesner (A Tribute)
Butler University Botanical Studies
The moral and intellectual greatness of a University depends primarily upon the qualities of heart and mind which animate the men who make and direct its policies and teach its students. That man is touched by sublimity whose life is marked at once by love of God, Man, and of Nature, and who renders to each a just tribute. Such a one was Ray C. Friesner, of late our Dean and Colleague in this Faculty.
Alpine Timberlines In The Americas And Their Interpretation, R. Daubenmire
Alpine Timberlines In The Americas And Their Interpretation, R. Daubenmire
Butler University Botanical Studies
The literature of plant geography has long contained references to the facts that (1) in progressing from the poles toward the equator, alpine timberline increases in elevation above sea level, and that (2) the elevation of this timberline exhibits considerable variation at any one latitude on different mountain systems. More recently a third fact concerning the geography of this vegetation boundary has been documented; the latitude-altitude relationship is not rectilinear.
Bibliography Of The Late Ray C. Friesner
Bibliography Of The Late Ray C. Friesner
Butler University Botanical Studies
A bibliography of the writings of Ray C. Friesner.
Preservation Of Some Algal Cultures By Lyophilization, W. A. Daily, J. M. Mcguire
Preservation Of Some Algal Cultures By Lyophilization, W. A. Daily, J. M. Mcguire
Butler University Botanical Studies
Lyophilization has come to be widely used as a means of maintaining viable cultures of microorganisms in a desiccated state. Experimental application of this method of preservation in the algal group was therefore undertaken.
Post-Algonquin And Post-Nipissing Forest History Of Isle Royale, Michigan, J. E. Potzger
Post-Algonquin And Post-Nipissing Forest History Of Isle Royale, Michigan, J. E. Potzger
Butler University Botanical Studies
Isle Royale, the largest island in our Great Lakes, is located in the northwestern part of Lake Superior, 50 miles nw. of the Keweenaw Peninsula, 20 miles se. of the Canadian mainland, and 19 miles east of Grand Portage, Minnesota. Maximum elevation is 1300 feet, but most of the higher center ridge does not exceed 1,000 feet. Present altitude of Lake Superior is 602 feet.
Quantitative Relationships Of Terrestrial Mosses With Some Coniferous Forests At Mt. Rainier National Park, N. Higinbotham, Betty Wilson Higinbotham
Quantitative Relationships Of Terrestrial Mosses With Some Coniferous Forests At Mt. Rainier National Park, N. Higinbotham, Betty Wilson Higinbotham
Butler University Botanical Studies
Relatively few studies have been made on the correlation of moss societies with tree species in climax associations in North America; this is true despite the fact that in Europe moss unions have been accorded considerable importance along with societies of larger plants in delimiting phytocoenoses. The present study is an attempt to characterize as accurately as possible the terrestrial moss communities of typical climax stands in a given area, largely in Mt. Rainier National Park, and to discover how closely related bryophyte occurrence, frequency, and coverage may be to the societies of higher plants.
Hepaticae From The Federal District, Mexico. I., Dorothy Parker
Hepaticae From The Federal District, Mexico. I., Dorothy Parker
Butler University Botanical Studies
Although the Hepaticae are well represented in the flora of Mexico very few reports concerning them have been published. The scarcity of keys to the species, the difficulty in obtaining authentic specimens of the species that were described in early European publications, and the great variation in size and form of many of the species that have been collected make their classification difficult.
Re-Evaluation Of The Diatom Species Nitzschia Frustulum (Kutz.) Grun., Charles W. Reimer
Re-Evaluation Of The Diatom Species Nitzschia Frustulum (Kutz.) Grun., Charles W. Reimer
Butler University Botanical Studies
As in almost every other facet of science, the diatom taxonomist is constantly faced with the problem of merging phenomena. With the introduction of "quantitative," "mass," or "population" studies on various forms of plant life, lines of distinction between closely related species and varieties have often disappeared, thus indicating a single variable taxon. On the other hand, such studies have upheld the individuality of two or more similar taxa. It is now amply apparent that many of the presently accepted species of diatoms must be re-examined with such concepts in mind, for the purpose of determining, in other than a …
A Rare Tolypella New To The United States Of America, Fay Kenoyer Daily
A Rare Tolypella New To The United States Of America, Fay Kenoyer Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
In a small lake near Laramie, Wyoming, Dr. C. L. Porter of the University of Wyoming collected a variety of Tolypella hispanica Nordst., a rare dioecious species new to the United States of America. This is the only dioecious species of Tolypella reported so far, having been found in the north temperate region of Europe, Asia and North Africa.
An Interesting Megaspore Species Found In Indiana Block Coal, G. K. Guennel
An Interesting Megaspore Species Found In Indiana Block Coal, G. K. Guennel
Butler University Botanical Studies
Specimens of Block coal collected during the past 5 years for miospore analysis have aroused the curiosity of both geologists and the author. Many reddish-brown specks have been observed on bedding planes with the naked eye. Because of their abundance in the Block coals, megaspores were believed to provide an additional statistical aid in correlating coals. Finally, during the summer of 1954, a study of these large spores was undertaken. Unfortunately, the preliminary work, especially preparing coal samples for study and assembling widely scattered literature on megaspore analysis, proved more time-consuming than was anticipated. The author, however, expects to continue …
Expression Of The Gene D1 In The Scutellum Of Maize, Jeanette S. Pelton
Expression Of The Gene D1 In The Scutellum Of Maize, Jeanette S. Pelton
Butler University Botanical Studies
There have been many descriptions of the morphological expression of mutant genes in the mature plant body, but relatively little has been done on gene expression in early stages of ontogeny in higher plants. The fact that many genes have marked expression in older plants raises the question of the extent to which they are manifested at earlier stages of development. In the present study an embryonic structure of maize, the scutellum, is investigated for evidence of expression of a simple Mendelian recessive, dwarf-one (d1). Four different inbreds were used because it was anticipated that quantitative expression of the gene …
Relation Of Certain Vegetative Characterisitcs Of Stipa Spartea To Survival From Defoliation, John F. Pelton
Relation Of Certain Vegetative Characterisitcs Of Stipa Spartea To Survival From Defoliation, John F. Pelton
Butler University Botanical Studies
If it were possible to find readily observable morphological features by which survival of grasses subjected to overgrazing might be predicted it would doubtless be of considerable use in range management practice and research. Reliability of estimates of the condition of the range would thereby be appreciably increased, a much needed goal in the management of grasslands. This paper is a report on experiments designed to test the correlation between several readily measurable criteria of size and apparent vegetative vigor of individual bunches of porcupine grass, Stipa spartea Trin., and their survival from defoliation.
Rafinesque And The Taxonomy Of Indiana Vascular Plants, Ray C. Friesner
Rafinesque And The Taxonomy Of Indiana Vascular Plants, Ray C. Friesner
Butler University Botanical Studies
In a previous paper a general summaraizing treatment of the relation of Rafinesque's work to the taxonomy of Indiana vascular plants was given. The object of the present paper is to cite in a more detailed manner the bases for the earlier statements. The present data are based upon Merrill's Index Rafinesquianus and a number of Rafinesque's own publications.
The Use Of Algal Cultures In Experiments Concerned With Water Supply Problems, C. Mervin Palmer, Thomas E. Maloney
The Use Of Algal Cultures In Experiments Concerned With Water Supply Problems, C. Mervin Palmer, Thomas E. Maloney
Butler University Botanical Studies
Rapid and routine methods for isolating and culturing algae are essential for laboratory studies of those algae which create problems in water supplies and for the development of methods for their control. Just as the bacteriologist must isolate the bacteria in order to study their actions under various conditions, so too, the applied phycologist must now follow essentially the same procedure with the algae. Matheson has emphasized this need in his recent report to the 1952 Congress of the International Water Supply Association.
Effect Of Five Antibiotics In Varying Concentrations On Growth Of Young Corn Plants, William E. Harris
Effect Of Five Antibiotics In Varying Concentrations On Growth Of Young Corn Plants, William E. Harris
Butler University Botanical Studies
The products of microorganisms collectively known as antibiotics, have been investigated extensively as aids to medical sciences, but they have not been thoroughly studied for possible other uses. Several papers have appeared in recent years concerning work done on antibiotic stimulation of growth in such domestic animals as young pigs and chicks, the addition of certain antibiotics, notably penicillin and streptomycin, to commercial feeds becoming somewhat general. it is also well known that certain antibiotics in very low concentration may stimulate growth of some bacteria. Most work involving higher plants dealt with antibiotic effects on germination of seeds, and growth …
The Characeae Of Indiana, Fay Kenover Daily
The Characeae Of Indiana, Fay Kenover Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
This is the third in a proposed series of papers intended to organize the material pertaining to the occurrence and distribution of the Characeae of Indiana and to present a taxonomic treatment of the group.
The Phytoplankton Of Lake Wawasee, Kosciusko County, Indiana, William A. Daily, Everett E. Miner
The Phytoplankton Of Lake Wawasee, Kosciusko County, Indiana, William A. Daily, Everett E. Miner
Butler University Botanical Studies
Lake Wawasee located at Syracuse, Indiana, is the largest body of water in the state. It has an area of 2,618 acres, a maximum depth of 68 feet and a shore line of approximately 22 miles.
To our knowledge, the only paper published in which phytoplankters of Lake Wawasee are mentioned appeared in 1896. Those were Ceratium hirundinella, Rivularia and "various forms of Palmella."
Secondary Succession In Stands Of Red Maple - Sweet Gum - Beech Forests In Ripley County, Indiana, J. E. Potzger, A. N. Liming
Secondary Succession In Stands Of Red Maple - Sweet Gum - Beech Forests In Ripley County, Indiana, J. E. Potzger, A. N. Liming
Butler University Botanical Studies
The vegetation of the leached Illinoian till plain has been described in detail by Braun, Keller, McCoy, and the progress of secondary succession in these habitats has been considered quantitatively by Potzger and Potzger, and in a more general way by Chapman. Realizing the insecure accuracy of empirical field impressions, the present quantitative study of seven stands on Illinoian till plain forests in the process of developing either from lumbering distrubance or from cleared land was undertaken.
Index V. 10, 1951-1952, Ray C. Friesner
Index V. 10, 1951-1952, Ray C. Friesner
Butler University Botanical Studies
Index of the contents of this volume.
The Distribution Of The Ferns And Fern Allies Found In Indiana, Sarah Clevenger
The Distribution Of The Ferns And Fern Allies Found In Indiana, Sarah Clevenger
Butler University Botanical Studies
The list of Pteridophyta found in Indiana was compiled from the "Flora of Indiana," by Charles C. Deam and the yearly supplementary distribution records prepared by the State Flora Committee of the Indiana Academy of Science. The publications give the state distribution by counties. For data concerning the national distribution and various state floras, manuals of wider scope and periodical literature were used. The national distribution of the Indiana ferns and fern allies was mapped as accurately as possible, and from these maps the determination of intraneous and extraneous species was made.
Pollen Analysis Of A Peat Deposit In Livingston County, Illinois, Charles Donald Griffin
Pollen Analysis Of A Peat Deposit In Livingston County, Illinois, Charles Donald Griffin
Butler University Botanical Studies
This study essays to compare, and in some degree to supplement, pollen analyses thus far published for Illinois. Even though results of studies of fossil pollens seem very similar, each pollen profile is individual and varies in many details from all other profiles. For this reason, each new analysis is more than a repetition of what has already been studied and reported; it is a possible verification of these previous studies and a valuable supplement to the growing science of pollen analysis. It is hoped that the preliminary study of fossil diatom valves found in this deposit can be correlated …
Forest Succession In The Valparaiso And Packerton Moraines In Indiana, John L. Oliver
Forest Succession In The Valparaiso And Packerton Moraines In Indiana, John L. Oliver
Butler University Botanical Studies
Indiana has experienced many climatic changes due primarily to its geographical location which brought it in contact with climates which find expression in boreal, grassland, and the southern deciduous forest vegetations. Many of the vegetational changes we will perhaps never be able to reconstruct for lack of fossil records. The more recent of these climatic changes, however, left their imprint on known records of forest history and on present-day plant distribution in Indiana. For the northern half of the state, pollen studies reconstruct remarkably well even the fluctuations of great formations and the climatic succession of formations and associations.
Polyploidy Among Plant Species Extraneous In Indiana, Frances I. Scott
Polyploidy Among Plant Species Extraneous In Indiana, Frances I. Scott
Butler University Botanical Studies
This study was undertaken for the purpose of determining whether there is any relationship between polyploidy and geographic distribution with special reference to species extraneous in a given area. It has been maintained that a more rigorous habitat tends to produce polyploids, that plants which are on the limits of their geographic distribution in a given area should exhibit a high degree of polyploidy since they are on one of the extremes of their habitat range. Since polyploids (particularly tetraploids) usually exhibit a greater vigor and adaptability than do diploids, it has seemed a natural deduction that diploid species might …
Index, V. 9 1949-1950, Ray C. Friesner
Index, V. 9 1949-1950, Ray C. Friesner
Butler University Botanical Studies
Index of the articles contained in this issue.
The Influence Of The Hebrew-Jewish Wisdom Literature Upon The Gospels, Robert Allen Byerly
The Influence Of The Hebrew-Jewish Wisdom Literature Upon The Gospels, Robert Allen Byerly
Graduate Thesis Collection
It is my deep conviction that the Gospel takes on new meaning as we see its message in the light of its historical background. In this instance we are interested in the influence which the Wisdom Literature exerted upon the Gospel records.
Correlation Of Elongation In White And Red Pine With Rainfall, Jerry Anne Motley
Correlation Of Elongation In White And Red Pine With Rainfall, Jerry Anne Motley
Butler University Botanical Studies
Research in height growth has been carried on in the east by Kienholz, Cook and Baldwin; in th emiddle west by Rees and Friesner; and in Montana by Kirkwood.
Kienholz showed from his observations on red oak, white ash, red maple, gray birch, white or paper birch, yellow birch, tulip poplar, large-toothed aspen, trembling or quaking aspen, red pine, and European larch that these species fall into two groups according to seasonal length growth.
Soil Reactions Of The Pteridophytes Of The Megunticook Lake Region Near Camden, Maine, Jeanne A. Malott
Soil Reactions Of The Pteridophytes Of The Megunticook Lake Region Near Camden, Maine, Jeanne A. Malott
Butler University Botanical Studies
The Megunticook Lake region is an area of approximately five miles square located between Lincolnville on the north and Camden on the south, the Atlantic Coast on the east and extending west beyond the lake to the summit of Ragged Mountain (1300 ft.). Included in this section and surrounding Lake Megunticook are Mt. Megunticook (1380 ft.), Mt. Battie (800 ft.), Bald Mountain (1272 ft.), Maiden's Cliff, a precipice rising sheer from the lake (800 ft.), and Cameron Mountain. Most of the land is a part of the Camden Hills State Park in Knox County, "where the mountains meet the sea," …
A Study Of Organisms In Soil Samples From Southern Indiana Which Inhibit The Growth Of Escherichia Coli And Staphylococcus Aureus, Doris Colligan
A Study Of Organisms In Soil Samples From Southern Indiana Which Inhibit The Growth Of Escherichia Coli And Staphylococcus Aureus, Doris Colligan
Butler University Botanical Studies
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the numbers and kinds of organisms - bacteria, actinomycetes, or fungi - found in certain soils which inhibit the growth of two test organisms. Soil samples collected from beneath different species of trees in wooded areas were used to ascertain what correlation there might be between the number and kind of inhibitors found and the kind of soil from which they were isolated.