Digital Commons Network^™

Ethnic Preservation Or Americanization: A Study Of Language And Ethnicity In The Danish Brotherhood In America, Nick Kofod Mogensen

The Bridge

Once European mass immigration to America began in the mid-nineteenth century, roughly 400,000-450,000 Danish immigrants made their way to the United States,2 with approximately 300,000 of them arriving between 1880-1920.3 Immigrant historians agree that Danish immigrants assimilated rather quickly into American core society, i.e., the white Protestant majority population of Anglo-Saxon descent.4 One of the main reasons for this ease of assimilation was the relative scarcity of concentrated settlements of Danish immigrants compared to other immigrant groups, as Danes oft en sett led in areas in America with few other Danish immigrants.

Soil And Salvation: Danes In Montana, 1906-10. Part I: Soil, Jakob Jakobsen

The Bridge

When I discovered that my great grandfather and his fiancée had participated in the founding of the Dagmar colony in Montana in 1906, I did not expect my initial interest in this to lead to a research grant from DAHS that would enable me to dive even deeper into their adventure, for which I am very grateful. My fascination with their story follows from its connection to the collective history of Danish America. In this sense, my ancestors acted as individuals, but their “navigation” took place in a “landscape” that changed due to larger developments. As a result, they can …

Soil And Salvation: Danes In Montana, 1906-10. Part Ii: Salvation, Jakob Jakobsen

The Bridge

When I discovered that my great-grandfather and his wife had participated in the founding of the Dagmar settlement in Montana in 1906, I did not expect my initial interest in this to lead to a research grant from the DAHS, enabling me to dive even deeper into their adventure, for which I am very grateful. My fascination with their story derives from its connection to the collective history of Danish America. In this sense, my ancestors acted as individuals, but their identity navigation took place in a cultural landscape that changed due to larger developments. As a result, they can …

Recollections Of S. D. Rodholm, Peter D. Thomsen

The Bridge

In both pulpit and classroom, S. D. Rodholm was a great teacher and a true servant of the church. His capacity for learning and discernment was enormous, yet he never used big words nor in any way intimidated anyone. To me, he was always the wise, old seer. He made it very clear that his purpose in teaching was not to make cut and dried theologians out of us. His purpose, rather, was to help us, his students, become servants of THE WORD. He said many times, “Simple Christianity has been my life’s goal.” He hoped it would also be …

Full Issue

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

The Political Climate Of Saxony During The Conversion Of Karl G. Maeser: With Special Reference To The Franklin D. Richards Letter To Brigham Young, November 1855, A. Legrand Richards

BYU Studies

In September 1855, Franklin D. Richards, who was serving as “President of the Church in Europe,” toured the Church membership on the Continent. In three weeks, he visited the members in France, Switzerland, and Italy, bearing testimony, strengthening the members, and hearing the stories of their struggles.

"The Clamor Of The People": Popular Support For The Persecution Of Jews In Switzerland And Germany At The Approach Of The Black Death, 1348-1350, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Scholars have recently questioned the role of the lower classes in the persecution of Jews at the advance of the Black Death in Germany 1348-50. However, a careful examination of the many primary sources relating to the persecution of Jews clearly reveals that the lower classes were heavily involved in these pogroms.

The Higher-Ed Organizational-Scholar Tension: How Scholarship Compatibility And The Alignment Of Organizational And Faculty Skills, Values And Support Affects Scholar’S Performance And Well-Being, Milagros Pereyra-Rojas, Enrique Mu, James Gaskin, Tony Lingham

Faculty Publications

Scholars and institutions alike are concerned with academic productivity. Scholars not only further knowledge in their professional fields, they also bring visibility and prestige to themselves and their institutions, which in turn attracts research grants and more qualified faculty and graduate students. Many studies have been done on scholar productivity, and many of them focus on individual factors such as gender, marital status, and individual psychological characteristics. Also, a few studies are concerned about scholars’ well-being. We propose a causal model that considers the compatibility of the scholarship dimensions valued by scholars and institutions and their academic alignment with actual …

Organizational Learning In A Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: A Learning History, Bret Lyman, Kalene M. Ethington, Carly King, Jonathan D. Jacobs, Hayley Lundeen

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Providing high-quality care to every patient is challenging, particularly in critical care units (CCUs). However, this standard can be achieved through organizational learning. Unfortunately, the process of organizational learning in CCUs is not well understood.

Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the developmental progression of a cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) to reach its current state of reliably excellent clinical performance.

Methods: The method selected for this study was a learning history. A total of 43 individuals with experience working on the CICU participated in small group interviews. Participants included nurses, surgeons, unit clerks, administrators, nursing …

Measurement Of Transformative Learning In Study Abroad: An Application Of The Learning Activities Survey, Garrett A. Stone, Mat D. Duerden, Lauren N. Duffy, Brian J. Hill, Eva M. Witesman

Faculty Publications

Study abroad research has demonstrated that education abroad provides a host of benefits; however, it is still unclear how and to what extent these benefits occur. The present study aims to elucidate the study abroad learning process, especially as it pertains to the outcome of transformative learning. First, the study introduces the Learning Activities Survey (LAS), an instrument that operationalizes and quantitatively measures transformative learning constructs. Second, the study demonstrates the utility of the LAS for tourism educators, using data collected from students enrolled in the school of management at a private northwestern university. Results confirm that transformative learning occurs …

The Role Of Contextual Frequency In The Articulation Of Initial /F/ In Modern Spanish: The Same Effect As In The Reduction Of Latin /F/?, Earl K. Brown, Matthew C. Alba

Faculty Publications

The acoustic energy of 996 tokens of word-initial /f/ in the speech of 38 speakers of Mexican Spanish was analyzed. The results suggest that the frequency with which words occur in phonological contexts favorable to reduction (Frequency in a Reducing Context or FRC) conditions the reduction of /f/, even after taking into account the immediate phonological context. Despite this, it is also found that the conditioning effect of FRC is less robust than the influence of the immediate phonological context, thus confirming the preeminence in these data of the online articulatory factors in comparison to the usage-based frequency factors.

Identifying United States And Territory Requirements For Childhood Vaccination Exemptions, Emily Groth Dunn

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Children are required by law to receive vaccinations to enter school. States and territories offer exemptions for parents who refuse to vaccinate their children. Types of exemptions vary by state or territory, as does the exemption claiming process. The purpose of this research was to identify the various education-related processes implemented by states and territories which allow parents to exempt children from vaccinations. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to immunization managers in the 50 United States, District of Columbia, the United States Indian Health Service, and eight United States territories. Managers reported vaccination requirements for their jurisdiction (collectively referred …

Discussion Of 10-K Disclosure Repetition And Managerial Reporting Incentives What Have We Learned And Where Do We Go With Textual Research?, Travis Dyer, Mark H. Lang, Lorien Stice-Lawrence

Faculty Publications

We discuss the evolution of research on textual attributes in accounting and suggest potential directions for future research using Cazier and Pfeiffer (2017) to illustrate the challenges and opportunities in the literature. We categorize the literature based on whether a given textual attribute is assumed to be ‘‘discretionary’’ versus ‘‘nondiscretionary’’ and whether it is assumed to be ‘‘helpful’’ versus ‘‘harmful.’’ The literature to date has been largely descriptive, with limited focus on causality, and we argue that there are substantial opportunities for research that better isolate the discretionary components of textual disclosure, as well as identifying specific contexts in which …

The Evolution Of 10-K Textual Disclosure: Evidence From Latent Dirichlet Allocation, Travis Dyer, Mark Lang, Lorien Stice-Lawrence

Faculty Publications

We document marked trends in 10-K disclosure over the period 1996–2013, with increases in length, boilerplate, stickiness, and redundancy and decreases in specificity, readability, and the relative amount of hard information. We use Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to examine specific topics and find that new FASB and SEC requirements explain most of the increase in length and that 3 of the 150 topics—fair value, internal controls, and risk factor disclosures—account for virtually all of the increase. These three disclosures also play a major role in explaining the trends in the remaining textual characteristics.

Understanding “It Depends” In Organizational Research: A Theory-Based Taxonomy, Review, And Future Research Agenda Concerning Interactive And Quadratic Relationships, Richard G. Gardner, T. Brad Harris, Ning Li, Bradley L. Kirkman, John E. Mathieu

Faculty Publications

The study of interaction effects is critical for creating, extending, and bounding theory in organizational research. Integrating and extending prior work, we present a taxonomy of two-way interaction effects that can guide organizational scholars toward clearer, more precise ways of developing theory, advancing hypotheses, and interpreting results. Specifically, we identify three primary interaction types, including strengthening, weakening, and reversing effects. In addition, we explore subcategories within these interaction types. Our review of articles published in leading management and applied psychology journals from 2009 to 2013 supports the generalizability of this framework. We offer specific recommendations for using this taxonomy to …

An Experimental Investigation Of The Individual And Joint Effects Of Financial And Non-Financial Incentives On Knowledge Sharing Using Enterprise Social Media, Degan Kettles, Robert D. St. Louis, Paul John Steinbart

Faculty Publications

Many organizations implement enterprise social media (ESM) in an effort to capture and store valuable knowledge that employees possess. Unfortunately, more often than not, employees do not make a large number of knowledge contributions. Using agency theory and contingency theory as foundations, we examine managerial interventions that can improve knowledge contribution rates in ESM. Specifically, we investigate the individual and joint effects of paying people to share knowledge, providing social cues, and having supporting and policing moderators on knowledge sharing. We further examine how two contingency factors—the nature of an employee’s compensation scheme (variable or fixed) for their primary work …

Optimal Combined Long-Term Facility Design And Short-Term Operational Strategy For Chp Capacity Investments, Jose Mojica, Damon Petersen, Brigham Hansen, Kody Powell, John Hedengren

Faculty Publications

This work presents a detailed case study for the optimization of the expansion of a district energy system evaluating the investment decision timing, type of capacity expansion, and fine-scale operational modes. The study develops an optimization framework to find the investment schedule over 30 years with options of investing in traditional heating sources (boilers) or a next-generation combined heat and power (CHP) plant that provides heat and electricity. In district energy systems, the selected capacity and type of system is dependent on demand-side requirements, energy prices, and environmental costs. This work formulates capacity planning over a time horizon as a …

Muslim Families In The United States, Trevan Hatch, Loren Marks, David C. Dollahite

Faculty Publications

Jn 2004, we drew attention to the fact that almost all of the social science research on religion and families examined Christian families-and only Christian families (Dollahite, Marks, & Goodman, 2004). Specifically, we noted a "conspicuous" absence of research on both Muslim and Jewish families (p. 422). We have made a pronounced effort to include both Muslim families and Jewish families in the American Families of Faith project, and virtually all of our work includes both along with Christian families from various denominations. Some of our recent work has focused solely on Muslim families or Jewish families (e.g., Alghafli, Hatch, …

Diasporic Transnationalism In Zoë Wicomb’S "The One That Got Away" And "October", Aaron Eastley

Faculty Publications

Whereas the early works of South African/Scottish writer Zoë Wicomb delved into racial tensions caused by apartheid, her more recent works excavate diasporic tensions tied to present-day travel and transnationalism. In her 2009 short story collection The One That Got Away and her 2014 novel October, Wicomb presents a series of narratives in which Cape Town and Glasgow collide. In these narratives Wicomb gravitates toward the experiences of mostly middle-class immigrants and visitors, often in later stages of life, operating in the relatively established multiculturalism of today's South Africa and UK. The irony of present-day transnational mobility as Wicomb …

Semi-Empirical Model For Fire Spread In Shrubs With Spatially-Defined Fuel Elements And Flames, Dallan Prince, Chen Shen, Thomas H. Fletcher

Faculty Publications

A semi-empirical model was developed which forms shrub geometries from distinct fuel elements (e.g. leaves) and describes flame spread from element to element. Ignition, flame growth and flame decay patterns were based on combustion data of single leaves. Extension of the model to various heating conditions was achieved by scaling the flame growth parameters using physics-based heat transfer models. The resulting model offers a novel approach to examine fire spread and to explicitly describe both distinct fuel elements and fire behavior. This approach balances computational speed and modeling detail while providing a unique perspective into fire spread phenomena. Comparisons of …

Does Aggregated Returns Disclosure Increase Portfolio Risk Taking?, John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian

Faculty Publications

Many experiments have found that participants take more investment risk if they see less frequent returns, portfolio-level returns (rather than each individual asset’s returns), or longhorizon (rather than one-year) historical return distributions. In contrast, we find that such information aggregation treatments do not affect total equity investment when we make the investment environment more realistic than in prior experiments. Previously documented aggregation effects are not robust to changes in the risky asset’s return distribution or to the introduction of a multiday delay between portfolio choice and return realizations.

Changes In Corporate Effective Tax Rates Over The Past 25 Years, Scott D. Dyreng, Michelle Hanlon, Edward L. Maydew, Jacob Thornock

Faculty Publications

We investigate systematic changes in corporate effective tax rates over the past 25 years and find that effective tax rates have decreased significantly. Contrary to conventional wis- dom, the decline in effective tax rates is not concentrated in multinational firms; effective tax rates have declined at approximately the same rate for both multinational and domes- tic firms. Moreover, within multinational firms, both foreign and domestic effective rates have decreased. Finally, changes in firm characteristics and declining foreign statutory tax rates explain little of the overall decrease in effective rates.

The Effects Of Gamification On Corporate Compliance Training: A Field Experiment Of True Office Anti-Corruption Training Programs, Ryan J. Baxter, D. Kip Holderness, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Companies rely on internal controls to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act. One such control is anti-corruption employee training. Although corporate training is a key component of anti-fraud policies and procedures, it is often perceived as dull by employees. To motivate greater engagement, firms are experimenting with training that involves elements of digital games, known as gamification. We perform a field experiment with 158 employees of a large, multinational bank to examine the effectiveness of gamified anticorruption training. We find that employees strongly prefer gamified training to traditional, nongamified training and that gamified …

Thematic Patterns In International Blended Learning Literature, Research, Practices, And Terminology, Kristian J. Spring, Charles R. Graham

Faculty Publications

The goal of this research was to discover and compare themes of the top blended learning (BL) articles from seven different regions of the world. Top cited articles in BL from these regions show strong similarities in research processes, practice, terminology, and focus. Small differences are apparent among the regions and top articles in general, but similar patterns demonstrate that themes might promote collaboration and exchange between regions and that the most cited articles from around the world could fit well within the topical, research, and publication practices of the field. Our results suggest that although different regions must have …

What Makes Russian Advertisements Russian? Contemporary Russian Advertising As A Sociocultural Phenomenon, Valentina Iepuri

Russian Language Journal

It is common knowledge that advertisements reflect society. They play an important role in the formation of stereotypes and impose a certain way of life and a certain system of values. By analyzing both the foreground and the background of advertisements as texts, it is possible to reveal not only their primary sales messages but also the embedded social and cultural ones (Frith 1997, 3).

Sociocultural, anthropological, and psychological aspects of Russian advertising and various forms of its impact on public consciousness, morality, and public taste require special attention and research, especially now that advertising has become an integral part …

Kingship, Democracy, And The Message Of The Book Of Mormon, Gregory Steven Dundas

BYU Studies

Chapter 29 of the book of Mosiah, in which the people of Zarahemla transform their government from a monarchy to a rule of judges, is a crucial—indeed, pivotal—chapter in the Book of Mormon. Modern readers of the book, particularly those of us raised in Western nations, are prone to react very positively to this story, viewing it as the creation of a free, democratic system, and we are inclined to read this account with something of the same thrill with which we observed the freedom-loving, democratic urges of peoples worldwide, most notably in Eastern Europe in 1989 and in more …

An Analysis Of Benjaminite And Markan Christology, Julie M. Smith

Journal of Book of Mormon Studies

The term Christology refers to the presentation of the life and nature of Jesus Christ. The purpose of this essay is to explore King Benjamin's Christology (see Mosiah 3), to consider its similarities to that found in the Gospel of Mark, and to explore some implications of Benjamin's Christology.

Christology is often described as being on a continuum from low (which emphasizes the human nature of Jesus) to high (which emphasizes his divine nature). It is definitely the case that Benjamin's description of Jesus contains elements of a high Christology since he begins by describing Jesus as "the Lord Omnipotent …

How The Book Of Mormon Reads The Bible: A Theory Of Types, Michael Austin

Journal of Book of Mormon Studies

Typology is one of those words whose meaning shifts dramatically with the position of its user. For religious believers studying the scriptures, typology is a mode of history-the belief that certain events and people should be understood as both fully historical and fully allegorical at the same time. To the unbeliever (or the believer in different things), typology is a mode of rhetoric-a connecting strategy that writers use to create retroactive links between otherwise unrelated stories or that readers use to infer connections between otherwise unconnected things. Those in the first group see the repetition of key narrative elements from …

"A Very Fine Azteck Manuscript": Latter-Day Saint Readings Of Codex Boturini, Christopher James Blythe

Journal of Book of Mormon Studies

THE BooK OF MORMON presented itself as a history of previously unidentified New World civilizations with origins in the ancient Near East. To defend its claims of historicity, believers pointed to the work's correspondence with the Bible and their own spiritual witnesses. They also insisted that, independent of their supernatural access to this ancient world, archaeological discoveries had authenticated and would continue to authenticate the book's historical claims. This article documents the all-but-forgotten Latter-day Saint use of Codex Boturini-a sixteenth-century Mesoamerican codex depicting the Mexica (i.e., Aztec) migration from their mythical homeland Atzlan to Tenochtitlan, the seat of the empire's …

Buried Swords: The Shifting Interpretive Ground Of A Beloved Book Of Mormon Narrative, J. David Pulsipher

Journal of Book of Mormon Studies

In November 2014 Latter-day Saint children around the world participated in a ritual that would probably seem odd to outsiders-they buried some swords. These weren't actual weapons, of course, only sketches of swords upon which the children were instructed to "write a wrong choice... such as 'fighting with my brother' or 'telling a lie.'" They then "buried" these swords by "crumpling their papers or throwing them away." Similarly, in February 2010 a small group of teenagers stood with their own paper swords around a freshly dug hole on their church's property. "I had my class write down a behavior of …