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Articles 961 - 990 of 10983
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
First Episodic Atmospheric Deposition Of Nutrients To Utah Lake: Statistical Analysis And Characterization, Cristian Alun Dorrett
First Episodic Atmospheric Deposition Of Nutrients To Utah Lake: Statistical Analysis And Characterization, Cristian Alun Dorrett
Theses and Dissertations
Atmospheric deposition (AD) is a significant but poorly understood source of nutrients to many aquatic systems around the world. Accurate characterization of the nutrient budgets of aquatic systems is critical to good management decisions, so a better understanding of AD-related nutrient loads is essential, especially for water bodies where nutrient loads from atmospheric deposition are significant. Due to its large surface area, proximity to Great Basin dust sources, high values of atmospheric particulates due to inversions, and the high phosphorus content of local soils, Utah Lake, in the semi-arid Utah Valley, USA, experiences significant phosphorus loading from AD. The lake …
Do Monogamous Male And Female Texas Cichlid Parents Defend Their Offspring Similarly?, Jennifer L. Snekser, Layla Al-Shaer, Andrew Bloch, M. Itzkowitz
Do Monogamous Male And Female Texas Cichlid Parents Defend Their Offspring Similarly?, Jennifer L. Snekser, Layla Al-Shaer, Andrew Bloch, M. Itzkowitz
Western North American Naturalist
Biparental care involves both parents contributing to offspring, though each parent does not necessarily contribute equally or in the same manner. While offspring benefit from parental care, sexual conflict arises within parental pairs because each sex would benefit from a partner’s greater contribution to the young. Nevertheless, each parent may be better suited or have preferences for the type and intensity of care they provide. Here, we examined parental pairs of Texas Cichlids in a naturally occurring population in southwest Texas as they defended their free-swimming fry against potential conspecific and heterospecific predators. Sex differences were apparent, with females generally …
Floral Visitors Of A Colorado Endemic Chasmophyte, Telesonix Jamesii (Saxifragaceae), Andrew G. Gaier, Erin Manzitto-Tripp, Julian Resasco
Floral Visitors Of A Colorado Endemic Chasmophyte, Telesonix Jamesii (Saxifragaceae), Andrew G. Gaier, Erin Manzitto-Tripp, Julian Resasco
Western North American Naturalist
Telesonix jamesii, a rare and imperiled species of perennial saxifrage, is restricted to rocky habitats at high elevations across 21 isolated, known populations in the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico. Despite its imperiled conservation status, very little is known about the natural history of T. jamesii. We studied pollination of this species during the summers of 2019–2021 at multiple locations on Pikes Peak, Colorado. We conducted a total of 899 min of pollinator surveys, identifying all floral visitors during this time period. We then examined floral visitors for the presence of T. jamesii pollen to …
Designing Resilient Agents Using Grammatical Evolution, Behavior Trees, And Finite Linear Temporal Logic, Aadesh Neupane
Designing Resilient Agents Using Grammatical Evolution, Behavior Trees, And Finite Linear Temporal Logic, Aadesh Neupane
Theses and Dissertations
Resilience is essential for long-term autonomous agents. Swarm behaviors seen in bees, ants, birds, fish, and others are interesting because they resiliently perform complex coordinated tasks like foraging, nest-selection, flocking and escaping predators without centralized control or coordination. Conventionally, mimicking swarm behaviors with robots requires researchers to study actual behaviors, derive mathematical models, and implement these models as state machines. Since the conventional approach is time-consuming and cumbersome, this dissertation uses a grammatical evolution algorithm with Behavior Trees (BTs) to evolve behaviors that are resilient to different perturbations for foraging and nest maintenance tasks. The modular, reactive, and readable properties …
Dopamine D2 Receptors As A Peripheral Biomarker For Brain Dopamine Levels, Christina Small
Dopamine D2 Receptors As A Peripheral Biomarker For Brain Dopamine Levels, Christina Small
Theses and Dissertations
The ability to objectively index dopamine (DA) levels in the brain has the potential to revolutionize the field of neuropsychopharmacology, as having a peripheral biomarker of brain DA would enable the objective monitoring of the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other DA-dependent psychiatric states. Of particular relevance to commercialization, it would provide an objective measure of treatment efficacy. We used a DA-depletion approach to determine if peripheral D2Rs are a biomarker for brain DA; mainly, the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxin model and PD subjects, which are well-known models of DA depletion in the midbrain of rodents and humans, respectively. Dopamine …
Adolescence And Stress: A Longitudinal Examination Of The Role Of Stress On Health Outcomes And The Moderating Role Of Self-Regulation And Social Support, Joshua T. Christensen
Adolescence And Stress: A Longitudinal Examination Of The Role Of Stress On Health Outcomes And The Moderating Role Of Self-Regulation And Social Support, Joshua T. Christensen
Theses and Dissertations
Stress impacts all individuals during each developmental period of their lives. Stress has been linked to various physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. However, adolescence may prove to be a unique time to examine stress and its potential effects on various health outcomes, as well as possible mediating or moderating factors. The purpose of this study is to examine the link between stress and body mass index (BMI) percentile while incorporating the potential mediators of anxiety, depression, and externalizing behaviors as well as the moderators of social support and self-regulation. Using a sample of 500 adolescents living in …
New Perspectives On Foot Segment Forces And Joint Kinetics - Integrating Plantar Shear Stresses And Pressures With Multi-Segment Foot Modeling, Dustin A. Bruening, Spencer R. Petersen, Sarah T. Ridge
New Perspectives On Foot Segment Forces And Joint Kinetics - Integrating Plantar Shear Stresses And Pressures With Multi-Segment Foot Modeling, Dustin A. Bruening, Spencer R. Petersen, Sarah T. Ridge
Faculty Publications
The role of the foot in gait is not well understood, in part due to challenges in capturing and utilizing segmental ground reaction forces. The purposes of this study were to 1) develop methodology to integrate plantar pressure/shear stresses with a multi-segment foot model, and 2) generate and display key normative data from this combined system. Twenty-six young healthy adults walked barefoot (1.3 m/s) across a pressure/shear sensor with markers matching a published 4-segment kinetic foot model. A novel anatomical/geometric masking method was developed that successfully separated regions aligned with model segmentation. This template-based method can be automated and customized …
Body In Rebellion: The Closing Body, Romantic Mesmerism, And Gothic Doubles In Hogg's Justified Sinner, Elizabeth E. Hinds
Body In Rebellion: The Closing Body, Romantic Mesmerism, And Gothic Doubles In Hogg's Justified Sinner, Elizabeth E. Hinds
Theses and Dissertations
This study explores the western Romantic period as a transition between the medieval “open body” and the modern “closed body.” It focuses on “closing body” phenomena such as “mesmerism” (i.e. animal magnetism), somnambulism, substance abuse, and the “second-self,” including notions of the subconscious and the trope of gothic Doppelgängers. This study draws from many pieces of western Romantic literature but is most centered around James Hogg’s 1824 The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner. This new reading of Hogg’s novel suggests a core theme of body anxiety, rather than theological dispute.
A Language-Model-Based Chatbot That Considers The User's Personality Profile And Emotions To Support Caregivers Of People With Dementia, Yeganeh Nasiri
A Language-Model-Based Chatbot That Considers The User's Personality Profile And Emotions To Support Caregivers Of People With Dementia, Yeganeh Nasiri
Theses and Dissertations
Chatbots are programs that mimic human conversation using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Recent advances in natural language pro- cessing pave the way for chatbots to generate more human-like responses. Therefore, chatbots are finding more complex tasks to perform, such as emotional support which requires both understanding emotions and the ability to properly respond to them. This work presents a chatbot capable of identifying the user's personality and creating responses based on that. During this process, emotion detection is being used to detect and react to users' emotions. The chatbot uses a dynamic knowledge graph to save information as the conversation goes …
Halophilic Genes That Impact Plant Growth In Saline Soils, Mckay A. Meinzer
Halophilic Genes That Impact Plant Growth In Saline Soils, Mckay A. Meinzer
Theses and Dissertations
Many plants are highly sensitive to salt in the soil, and their growth and yield can be greatly hindered by as little as less than 1% salt concentration in the soil. Additionally, soil salinity is a growing issue globally and affects significant areas in Utah. Halophytes are plants that are adapted to grow in saline soils and have been widely studied for their physiological and molecular characteristics, but little is known about their associated microbiomes. Bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere and as root endophytes of Salicornia rubra, Sarcocornia utahensis, and Allenrolfea occidentalis, three native Utah halophytes. Several strains of …
Utilizing Isothermal Titration Calorimetry To Measure Β-Galactosidase Activity In Dairy Products, Tyler Ronald Jarrard
Utilizing Isothermal Titration Calorimetry To Measure Β-Galactosidase Activity In Dairy Products, Tyler Ronald Jarrard
Theses and Dissertations
The dairy industry uses enzymes to make cheese, alter product flavor, and eliminate lactose. The activities of these enzymes have been measured in clear buffered solutions, but because of the limitations of spectrophotometric methods, enzyme activities have not been measured in opaque or colored dairy products where they are used. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) can be used to determine reaction kinetics in opaque and colored solutions by measuring the heat rate from enzyme-catalyzed reactions as a function of time. This study used ITC to measure β-galactosidase activity in opaque solutions of milk, sweet whey, sweet whey permeate, acid whey, and …
Real-Time Imaging And Measurement Of Compartmentalized Redox Shifts Using Novel Redox-Sensitive Biosensors: Implications In Developmental Toxicology, Brandon Mitchell Davies
Real-Time Imaging And Measurement Of Compartmentalized Redox Shifts Using Novel Redox-Sensitive Biosensors: Implications In Developmental Toxicology, Brandon Mitchell Davies
Theses and Dissertations
Glutathione (GSH) is a small antioxidant in the body and exists in large quantities compared to other antioxidants. The GSH redox state (Eh) helps developmental processes, however, when the GSH Eh is disrupted, cells may undergo significantly poor developmental pathways, possibly leading to long-lasting damages. Similarly, NADPH and Thioredoxin redox states can have a major impact on cellular function, viability, and response to both endogenous and exogenous toxicants. Subcellular, compartmentalized redox environments during normal or perturbed situations, specifically in the cytosol, mitochondria, and nucleus, are not well understood. Here, using the P19 neurogenesis model of cellular differentiation, the kinetics of …
Ecological Disruption In The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Jane Allen
Ecological Disruption In The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Jane Allen
Ballard Brief
Ecological disruption is an issue that is affecting the wildlife and people that live in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). Climate change and oil drilling are two of the main causes of ecological disruption in the ANWR. The native people and wildlife are the ones being affected by the ecological disruption and deterioration. Food source decline and land degradation are some of the ways that climate change is affecting these people. Oil drilling and government involvement in the lands of Alaska is causing the degradation for many Alaskans to worsen. Oil drilling destroys ecosystems and harms the native animals, …
Data For Caveat Emptor-Scan Quality Of Elsevier’S Digital Backfile Pdf Collection, Gregory M. Nelson, Paul Kj Robbins
Data For Caveat Emptor-Scan Quality Of Elsevier’S Digital Backfile Pdf Collection, Gregory M. Nelson, Paul Kj Robbins
ScholarsArchive Data
The data set contains two Supplementary Files that contain (1) metadata for 31 of Elsevier's journal backfile packages and (2) metadata and results of a PDF scan quality study.
Developing Tools For Introducing Modifications Into The Chicken Genome, Zachary Eldon Olsen
Developing Tools For Introducing Modifications Into The Chicken Genome, Zachary Eldon Olsen
Theses and Dissertations
The chicken is a classic model organism that has provided key insights into embryonic development. Chicken embryos can be directly manipulated and observed during development while retaining the potential to reach adulthood. Despite this benefit, the utility of the chicken in studying development has been limited by the difficulty of introducing genetic changes to the genome. The recent development of cell culture conditions for chicken primordial germ cells (cPGC) has made it feasible to produce transgenic chickens, but there is still a lack of tools for introducing genetic modifications into cPGCs. Recombinase Mediated Cassette Exchange (RMCE) is a technique that …
Comparing Multiple Sclerosis Age Of Onset In American American And European Cohorts Via Polygenic Risk Scores, Amy Arabel Hernandez
Comparing Multiple Sclerosis Age Of Onset In American American And European Cohorts Via Polygenic Risk Scores, Amy Arabel Hernandez
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Health disparities have been observed in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), which show that non–Hispanic black patients with MS die at an earlier age and have an increasing mortality trend compared to white MS patients.3 New genetic information shows promising results to treat genetic diseases. For example, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are being used to calculate polygenic risk scores (PRS) which are a method used to understand disease risk. However, current PRS have been developed using GWAS that overrepresent individuals of European ancestry,4 showing that they do not equally apply to all individuals. We set out …
Creating Habitat Suitability Models For Restoration Of Sesbania Tomentosa And Chenopodium Oahuense On Molokai, Hawaii, Bronwyn Meldrum
Creating Habitat Suitability Models For Restoration Of Sesbania Tomentosa And Chenopodium Oahuense On Molokai, Hawaii, Bronwyn Meldrum
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Hawaii is home to incredible diversity in both plant and animal life. Nearly 90% of Hawaii’s 1,400 plant taxa are found nowhere else in the world, and in an ecosystem threatened by invasive species and terrain alteration, this puts them at risk of extinction. As pressures on global biodiversity intensify, conservation efforts and restoration of endangered species are of the utmost importance. The Molokai Land Trust is actively working to eradicate invasive kiawe (Prosopis pallida) forests and to restore endemic species and other native vegetation on the Mokio Preserve. These vital efforts are made more difficult because the …
Cognitive Effects Of Grammatical Gender In L2 Spanish Acquisition: A Study Among Latter-Day Saint Returned Missionaries, Hannah Cagle
Cognitive Effects Of Grammatical Gender In L2 Spanish Acquisition: A Study Among Latter-Day Saint Returned Missionaries, Hannah Cagle
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The current study aims to explore the cognitive effects of L2 Spanish acquisition and the role that spending time in the target language country has on L2 learners’ categorization of inanimate objects. Three groups of participants were analyzed: monolingual English speakers, L2 Spanish speakers that learned their Spanish while serving missions for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) abroad, and L2 Spanish speakers that learned their Spanish while serving LDS missions in the United States. Using a Qualtrics survey, participants were tasked with pairing a list of adjectives stereotypically associated with males or females (Williams & Bennett, …
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Hakimas And “Enlightened” British Men: Female Medical Professionals In Midcentury Great Britain And Egypt, Izzy Maire
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson’s pursuit of a medical education and career in Great Britain in the 1860s sharply contrasts with the rise of a class of female medical practitioners or “hakimas,” in Egypt in the 1830s. The two stories are especially noteworthy when examined together since Great Britain colonized Egypt in the 1880s, severely limiting opportunities for women in medicine in the now-occupied nation. Elizabeth and women in Egypt, were both negatively impacted by British attitudes toward women, despite Great Britain’s image of itself as a modern, enlightened nation. Drawing on a range of primary sources, including the personal correspondence of …
Identifying And Knocking Out Deep Brain Photoreceptors In The Larval Zebrafish Optic Tectum, Allison Pickens
Identifying And Knocking Out Deep Brain Photoreceptors In The Larval Zebrafish Optic Tectum, Allison Pickens
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Deep brain photoreceptors (DBPs) are light sensing neurons present in mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates. In non-mammalian vertebrates, studies have shown DBP involvement in various time and light dependent behaviors including circadian rhythm, phototaxis, and seasonal reproduction. In adult teleosts, DBPs are present throughout the brain, including the optic tectum (OT), a multilaminated midbrain structure responsible for multisensory integration. While their approximate location in teleosts is known, little is known about DBP’s functionality. In this study, we focused on DBPs present in the larval zebrafish OT. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the larval zebrafish OT showed the presence of several opsins. We …
Effects Of The Ketogenic Diet On Spatial Memory And Long-Term Potentiation In The Ca1 Region Of The Hippocampus In Young Rodents, Jed Christensen
Effects Of The Ketogenic Diet On Spatial Memory And Long-Term Potentiation In The Ca1 Region Of The Hippocampus In Young Rodents, Jed Christensen
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The ketogenic diet (KD) originated as a treatment for epilepsy nearly a century ago, though its neurological effects are not completely understood. In recent years the diet has resurged as a weight loss aid, reinvigorating research investigating its effects on the nervous system. Notably, the KD alters the concentration of glucose and ketones in the brain, and recent research suggests that the elevated ketone concentration, in the form of beta-hydroxybutyrate, induced by the diet enhances recognition memory and mitochondrial efficiency in the hippocampus. To further explore the effects of the KD, we examined its cognitive effects on spatial memory and …
Trapped By The Past: A History And Translation Of An Equatoguinean Poet, Paul A. Guajardo
Trapped By The Past: A History And Translation Of An Equatoguinean Poet, Paul A. Guajardo
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Atrapado por el pasado (Trapped by the Past in English) is a collection of Spanish-language poetry and prose by the Equatoguinean poet Zankús Mázé Menemádjimol. Menemádjimol’s work has never received an English translation, and this thesis provides a poetic rendition of three of his poems. It also offers a brief historical introduction, literary overview, and commentary on the poems. While the main goal of this project is artistic and creative, it also aims to introduce readers to an oft-overlooked culture. Equatorial Guinea and the poet’s home island of Annobón are frequently ignored in the fields of both literature and history. …
Simulations Of Morphology Control Of Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Surfactants, Qinyu Zhu, Douglas R. Tree
Simulations Of Morphology Control Of Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Surfactants, Qinyu Zhu, Douglas R. Tree
Faculty Publications
One of the grand challenges of amphiphilic self-assembly is the design of ordered structures whose morphology or shape can be explicitly and dynamically controlled by adjusting the properties of the amphiphiles or their surroundings. Such a capacity would enable researchers to create synthetic systems with functionality that meets or exceeds biological cells, and provide a robust platform for a broad range of engineering applications such as artificial tissues, drug delivery, and separation membranes. Despite significant progress, important fundamental questions remain unanswered, due in part to the limited resolution and the restricted parameter spaces that are readily accessible in experiments. Computational …
Control Education For Societal-Scale Challenges: A Community Roadmap, John Anthony Rossiter, Christos G. Cassandras, João Hespanha, Sebastian Dormido, Luis De La Torre, Gireeja Ranade, Antonio Visioli, John Hedengren, Richard M. Murray, Panos Antsaklis, Francoise Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue, Thomas Parisini
Control Education For Societal-Scale Challenges: A Community Roadmap, John Anthony Rossiter, Christos G. Cassandras, João Hespanha, Sebastian Dormido, Luis De La Torre, Gireeja Ranade, Antonio Visioli, John Hedengren, Richard M. Murray, Panos Antsaklis, Francoise Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue, Thomas Parisini
Faculty Publications
This article focuses on extending, disseminating and interpreting the findings of an IEEE Control Systems Society working group looking at the role of control theory and engineering in solving some of the many current and future societal challenges. The findings are interpreted in a manner designed to give focus and direction to both future education and research work in the general control theory and engineering arena, interpreted in the broadest sense. The paper is intended to promote discussion in the community and also provide a useful starting point for colleagues wishing to re-imagine the design and delivery of control-related topics …
Simulations Of Morphology Control Of Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Surfactants, Qinyu Zhu, Douglas R. Tree
Simulations Of Morphology Control Of Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Surfactants, Qinyu Zhu, Douglas R. Tree
Faculty Publications
One of the grand challenges of amphiphilic self-assembly is the design of ordered structures whose morphology or shape can be explicitly and dynamically controlled by adjusting the properties of the amphiphiles or their surroundings. Such a capacity would enable researchers to create synthetic systems with functionality that meets or exceeds biological cells, and provide a robust platform for a broad range of engineering applications such as artificial tissues, drug delivery, and separation membranes. Despite significant progress, important fundamental questions remain unanswered, due in part to the limited resolution and the restricted parameter spaces that are readily accessible in experiments. Computational …
Concentrating E. Coli At Initial Low Concentrations By Centrifugation With Phosphate Buffered Saline, Plasma, And Simulated Blood Suspensions, Sarah Williams
Concentrating E. Coli At Initial Low Concentrations By Centrifugation With Phosphate Buffered Saline, Plasma, And Simulated Blood Suspensions, Sarah Williams
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The rapid diagnosis of blood stream infections (BSIs) is limited by the low concentration of bacteria in the blood. Currently, culturing of blood samples is used to increase the concentration of bacteria before the type of bacteria and the best antibiotic to treat the infection can be identified. However, the culturing of blood samples takes tens of hours, and therefore concentrating the bacteria from blood without growth will allow for quicker analysis and is crucial to saving lives. This thesis explored the means of concentrating E. coli suspensions in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), plasma, and simulated blood by centrifuging the …
Creating The Listener Language: A Constructed Language With Semantic Rhythms And Tones, Dallyn H. Mccracken
Creating The Listener Language: A Constructed Language With Semantic Rhythms And Tones, Dallyn H. Mccracken
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Through creating a language that uses semantic rhythms to convey information in ways that typical intonation does not, I was able to see the benefits and drawbacks of strict semantic intonation. The Listener language replaces intonation with rhythms, and it uses rhythms in place of intonation in cases where intonation would generally be used in other languages, though it also uses rhythms in all other speech. Rhythms in the Listener language are grammatical, and speaking the language without the rhythms is considered to be ungrammatical. During the language construction process, there were several setbacks, both expected and unexpected. The Listener …
Gyno-Gerontological Discourse And The Dearth Of Old Women Narrators In British Fiction 1790-1860, Lavender Elisabeth Earnest
Gyno-Gerontological Discourse And The Dearth Of Old Women Narrators In British Fiction 1790-1860, Lavender Elisabeth Earnest
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis explores the remarkable dearth of old woman narrators in British fiction between 1790 and 1860, both documenting their under-representation and explaining it as, in part, a product of a wave of medical discourse disparaging the physical and mental vitality of post-menopausal women. Regarding methodology, I perform a random sample upon a corpus of first-person novels published in the period and categorize each according to the gender and age of the narrator. This analysis exhibits, unsurprisingly, that most narrators in the dataset are either in the first half of their life, male, or both. Old women represent only a …
Made In His Image: How Christian God Image Influences Interpersonal Judgments Of Severe Mental Illness, Austin Davis
Made In His Image: How Christian God Image Influences Interpersonal Judgments Of Severe Mental Illness, Austin Davis
Undergraduate Honors Theses
After a review of the relevant literature on God image and interpersonal judgment theories and research, a priming study was used to analyze the relationship between God image and judgment of people with severe mental illness. Participants made judgments of a video presentation of a man with schizophrenia either before or after being given a questionnaire about their God image. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analysis showed no statistically significant differences between those who were primed to reflect on their God image before making the judgment and those who were not, although the small effect size (d = -0.30) indicated …
Sources Of Atmospheric Dust Deposition On Utah Lake, Justin Telfer
Sources Of Atmospheric Dust Deposition On Utah Lake, Justin Telfer
Theses and Dissertations
Atmospheric deposition (AD) is a significant source of nutrient loading to waterbodies around the world. However, the sources and loading rates are poorly understood for major waterbodies and even less understood for local waterbodies. Utah Lake is a eutrophic lake located in central Utah, USA, and has high nutrient levels. Recent research has identified AD as significant sources for nutrient loading to the lake to better understand the dust AD sources, we sampled suspected source locations and collected deposition samples around the lake. We analyzed these samples using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) for 25 metals to characterize their elemental fingerprints. …