Digital Commons Network^™

Historic Expansion Of Juniperus Occidentalis (Western Juniper) In Southeastern Oregon, Richard F. Miller, Jeffery A. Rose

Great Basin Naturalist

The chronology of Juniperus occidentalis (western juniper) expansion in eastern Oregon, the effect of plant canopy and interspace on J. occidentalis seedling establishment and growth rates, and the age of J. occidentalis maximum reproductive potential were determined. Measurements were recorded in twenty-two 0.4-ha plots established in sagebrush-grassland communities and six 0.1-ha plots in Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) communities. J. occidentalis began increasing during the 1880s in stands containing > 130 yr old. Relatively steady establishment ensued into the 1950s and then began to progress at a geometric rate in the 19602. J. occidentalis encroachment into aspen stands began between 1910 and …

Life Histories Of Stoneflies (Plecoptera) In The Rio Conejos Of Southern Colorado, R. Edward Dewalt, Kenneth W. Stewart

Great Basin Naturalist

Thirty-one stonefly species representing eight families were collected during the March 1987 to May 1990 study period. Genera represented by more than one species included Capnia, Utacapnia, Taenionema, Suwallia, Triznaka, Isogenoides, and Isoperla. Peak species richness was recorded on or near the summer solstice in 1988 and 1989. Climatic differences between years were reflected in nymphal development and emergence phenology of most species. New or important corroborative life history data are presented for 11 stonefly species of this assemblage. The hyporheic nymphal development of most cholroperlid species limited the number of early instars sampled and our capacity to interpret …

Effects Of Salinity On Establishment Of Populus Fremontii (Cottonwood) And Tamarix Ramosissima (Saltcedar) In Southwestern United States, Patrick B. Shafroth, Jonathan M. Friedman, Lee S. Ischinger

Great Basin Naturalist

The exotic shrub Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) has replaced the native Populus fremontii (cottonwood) along many streams in southwestern United States. We used a controlled outdoor experiment to examine the influence of river salinity on germination and first year survival of P. fremontii var. wislizenii (Rio Grande cottonwood) and T. ramosissima on freshly deposited alluvial bars. We grew both species from seed in planters of sand subjected to a declining water table and solutions containing 0, 1, 3, and 5 times the concentrations of major ions in the Rio Grande at San Marcia, NM (1.2, 10.0, 25.7 and 37.4 meq 1 …

Full Issue, Vol. 55 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Reproductive Behavior In Merriam's Chipmunk (Tamias Merriami), Stephen B. Compton, J. R. Callahan

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Local Distribution And Foraging Behavior Of The Spotted Bat (Euderma Maculatum) In Worthwestern Colorado And Adjacent Utah, Jay F. Storz

Great Basin Naturalist

This study investigated local distribution and foraging behavior of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado-Utah, by monitoring audible echolocation calls. The occurrence of this species was verified in a variety of habitat types in canyon bottoms and other relatively low elevation sites, indicating that the animals were widely distributed and locally common in the area. Foraging spotted bats concentrated flight activity in the open-air space above meadows occasionally exploited near-canopy habitat (within 8 m of foliage). Bats began to forage shortly after dark, and activity levels were relatively constant throughout the night. Foraging spotted …

Snakes Of Utah, Douglas C. Cox, Wilmer W. Tanner

Books by Faculty of the Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum

Snakes of Utah is a complete, up-to-date, authoritative description of the snakes that occur in the state of Utah. It includes 33 species in 4 families: Leptotyphlopidae, Erycidae, Colubridae, and Crotalidae. Each description includes field marks, photographs, habitats, and distribution maps.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Classification

Leptotyphlopidae

Erycidae

Colubridae

Crotalidae

Glossary

Index

Acknowledgments

Leonardo's Virtuvian Man: A Renaissance Microcosm, Charles Carman

Quidditas

Human nature is that nature which...elevated above all the works of God...enfolds intellectual and sensible nature...so that the ancients were right in calling it a microcosm, or a small world. Hence, human nature is that nature which, if it were elevated unto a union with Maximality, would be the fullness of all the perfections of each and every thing.

–Nicholas of Cusa

Review Essay: Schoefield, John, And Alan Vince. Medieval Towns: The Archaeology Of Medieval Britain, Vol. 4, Kay Slocum

Quidditas

Schofield, John, and Alan Vince. Medieval Towns: The Archaeology of Medieval Britain, vol. 4. Leicester University Press, London, 1994. xii + 243 pp. $45.00.

Edwards V. Aguillard: Court History And Implications For Legislation, Wendy Call

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

An affirmative chorus rose in the 1981 Louisiana Legislature to enact the "Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science and Evolution-Science in Public School Instruction" Act. This statute, which required public school teachers to give equal time to creation- and evolution-science, set in motion a chain of litigation with the momentum to reach the Supreme Court of the United States as Edwards v. Aguillard. Rooted in more than a century of religious controversy surrounding Darwin's The Origin of Species, the threat of religious-educational enmeshment brought Edwards to the threshold of First Amendment interpretation. Although Louisiana's Balanced Treatment Act was not upheld as constitutional …

Behind The Iron Curtain: Recollections Of Latter-Day Saints In East Germany, 1945-1989, Garold N. Davis, Norma S. Davis

BYU Studies

Personal interviews with East German Saints, who survived World War II and rebuilt Zion under Communism, document moving stories of faith and dedication.

New Optical Cell Design For Laser Flash Photolysis Studies In Supercritical Fluids, Steven R. Goates, Milton L. Lee, Qin Ji, Edward M. Eyring, Rudi Van Eldik, Kedika Bal Reddy

Faculty Publications

A high-pressure optical cell has been designed that achieves an effective separation between the chemical sample and the pressurizing medium and system. This design limits possible sample contamination and catalytic effects under supercritical fluid sample conditions. Laser flash photolysis experiments were carried out on molybdenum hexacarbonyl dissolved in supercritical CO2. The thermal ring closure reaction of the species Mo(CO)5L, where L is 2,2- bipyridine was found to proceed at rates comparable to those measured previously in liquid benzene or toluene. Much larger activation volumes were found for the reaction in supercritical CO2 than in liquid toluene.

Adso And Omen Iii: The Antichrist In The Tenth And Twentieth Centuries, Boyd H. Hill Jr.

Quidditas

The Seventies are said to have shattered when Johnny Rotten screamed "I am the antichrist!" (Pond 53)

Full Issue

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

No abstract provided.

Em Interaction Of Handset Antennas And A Human In Personal Communications, Michael A. Jensen, Yahya Rahmat-Samii

Faculty Publications

In personal communications, the electromagnetic interaction between handset-mounted antennas and the nearby biological tissue is a key consideration. This paper presents a thorough investigation of this antenna-tissue interaction using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) electromagnetic simulation approach with detailed models of real-life antennas on a transceiver handset. The monopole, side-mounted planar inverted F, top-mounted bent inverted F, and back-mounted planar inverted F antennas are selected as representative examples of external and internal configurations. Detailed models of the human head and hand are implemented to investigate the effects of the tissue location and physical model on the antenna performance. Experimental results are …

Semiclassical Quantization Of A Nonintegrable System: Pushing The Fourier Method Into The Chaotic Regime, Karl Sohlberg, Randall B. Shirts

Faculty Publications

Semiclassical Einstein–Brillouin–Keller (EBK) quantization of the nonintegrable Hénon–Heiles Hamiltonian succeeds using the Fourier transform method of Martens and Ezra. Two innovations are required for this success: (1) the use of tunneling corrected quantizing actions obtained from an approximate, one-dimensional Hamiltonian and (2) exploitation of intermediate-time approximate quasiperiodicity or "vague tori'' wherein the Fourier transform of chaotic motion over 10–100 vibrational periods allows the determination of frequencies and amplitudes which approximate motion during the time interval. Approximate tori, actions, and EBK energy levels are then straightforward. We use an interpolation method to smooth over small resonance zones that are not expected …

Ultrasonic Enhancement Of Antibiotic Action On Gram-Negative Bacteria, William G. Pitt, Michael O. Mcbride, Jared K. Lunceford, Randall J. Roper, Richard D. Sagers

Faculty Publications

The effect of gentamicin upon planktonic cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus was measured with and without application of 67-kHz ultrasonic stimulation. The ultrasound was applied at levels that had no inhibitory or bactericidal activity against the bacteria. Measurements of the MIC and bactericidal activity of gentamicin against planktonic cultures of P. aeruginosa and E. coli demonstrated that simultaneous application of 67-kHz ultrasound enhanced the effectiveness of the antibiotic. A synergistic effect was observed and bacterial viability was reduced several orders of magnitude when gentamicin concentrations and ultrasonic levels which by themselves did not reduce …

Soil And Vegetation Development In An Abandoned Sheep Corral On Degraded Subalpine Rangeland, James O. Klemmedson, Arthur R. Tiedemann

Great Basin Naturalist

Vegetation and soils inside and outside an abandoned sheep corral on degraded subalpine range of the Wasatch Plateau were studied to determine the influence of approximately 37 years' use of the corral on soil and plant development. Vegetal and surface cover were estimated. Herbage, litter, and soils were sampled inside and outside the corral and analyzed for C_org, N, P, and S. Soil pH, bulk density, and CO₃–C also were measured. Storage (mass/unit area) of C_org, N, P, and S was determined for each component. Yield and vegetal composition were significantly affected inside the …

Selenium Geochemical Relationships Of Some Northern Nevada Soils, Stephen Poole, Glenn Gross, Robert Potts

Great Basin Naturalist

Soil samples, one from each of 10 locations in northern Nevada, were evaluated for redox potential, total and extractable selenium, phosphate, free iron oxide, total and ferrous iron. Mole fractions for extractable selenium species were calculated from redox potentials. Data were used to extrapolate general geochemical relationships for soil selenium at the sample sites. Results obtained from one sample per location allowed only the most general conclusions to be drawn. Soil phosphate levels, which affect the adsorption of selenite species on iron oxide by competing for adsorption sites, were not correlated with levels of extractable selenium in this study. This …

Seed Production In Gentiana Newberryi (Gentianaceae), Myra E. Barnes, Richard W. Rust

Great Basin Naturalist

Experimental manipulations and observations in one population of Gentiana newberryi Gray flowers over 2 years showed significant variation in seed production relative to pollinator and soil water availability. When pollinators were rare, there was a significant relationship between number of bees present and number of mature seeds produced, and supplemental hand cross-pollination (xenogamy) did improve seed set in Gentiana newberryi Gray. When pollinators were abundant, supplemental hand cross-pollination did not increase seed set. Self-fertilized seeds (autogamy) germinated at the same rate as cross-pollinated seeds. Seed production in unvisited flowers is probably limited anatomically and is not influenced by the type …

Use Of A Secondary Nest In Great Basin Desert Thatch Ants (Formica Obscuripes Forel), James D. Mciver, Trygve Steen

Great Basin Naturalist

Workers of Great Basin Desert thatch ants (Formica obscuripes Forel) dig simple secondary nests at the base of plants upon which they tend aphids and scales. These secondary nests house only foragers, with the number of foragers occupying each nest positively correlated with the number of worker-tended Homoptera feeding on plant foliage above. Thatch ant secondary nests are cooler than 25 cm below the dome top of the primary nest and maintain a significantly more constant temperature than is observed on the ground surface or in the plant canopy. Thatch ant foragers use secondary nests for at least two …

Full Issue, Vol. 54 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Mycorrhizal Colonization, Hyphal Lengths, And Soil Moisture Associated With Two Artemisia Tridentata Subspecies, James D. Trent, Tony J. Svejcar, Robert R. Blank

Great Basin Naturalist

Mycorrhizal fungi are thought to benefit associated plant species via enhanced nutrient uptake and/or improved water relations. However, detailed descriptions of the components of mycorrhizal colonization and mycorrhizal hyphal growth are not available for Artemisia tridentata. This species occupies sites characterized by relatively low levels of both soil nutrients and moisture. We studied patterns of vesicular, arbuscular, and hyphal mycorrhizal colonization, mycorrhizal hyphal lengths, and soil moisture associated with two subspecies of A. tridentata over a 2-year period. A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana (ATV) is generally associated with more mesic and slightly higher elevation sites compared to A. tridentata ssp. …

Opportunistic Breeding After Summer Rains By Arizona Tiger Salamanders, Linda J. Allison, Paul E. Brunkow, James P. Collins

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Reproductive Timing To Snow Conditions In Wild Onions And White-Crowned Sparrows At High Altitude, Martin L. Morton

Great Basin Naturalist

Timing of reproduction was assessed for wild onions and White-crowned Sparrows in relation to snow conditions on the same subalpine meadow in the Sierra Nevada for 21 years. Flowering date and clutch initiation date were both highly correlated with snow conditions, being later as snowpack was deeper. Interannual variation in schedule was 46 days for onions and 33 days for sparrows. There was nearly a fivefold difference in snowpack depth, and date of snow disappearance varied interannually by 72 days. Compensation for late-lying snows occurred in both species but was greater in sparrows than in onions because the nest-building behavior …

Front Matter, Vol. 54 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 54 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Geostatistical Analysis Of Resource Islands Under Artemisia Tridentata In The Shrub-Steppe, Jonathan J. Halvorson, Harvey Bolton Jr., Jeffrey L. Smith, Richard E. Rossi

Great Basin Naturalist

Desert plants can influence the pattern of resources in soil resulting in small-scale enriched zones. Although conceptually simple, the shape, size, and orientation of these "resource islands" are difficult to study in detail using conventional sampling regimes. To demonstrate and alternative approach, we sampled soil under and around individual Artemisia tridentata (sagebrush), a dominant shrub of cool desert environments, and analyzed the samples with univariate statistics and geostatistics. Univariate statistics revealed that soil variables like total inorganic-N, soluble-C, and microbial biomass-C were distributed with highest mean values within about 25 cm of the plant axis and significantly lower mean values …

Some Problems With Supersessionism In Mormon Thought, Steven Epperson

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

L. Stavrianos. The World Since 1500: A Global History; A. M. Craig, Graham, Kagan, Ozment, Turner. The Heritage Of World Civilization; W. Mcneill. A History Of The Human Community; J. H. Upshur, Terry, Holoka, Goff, Lowr. World History; J. P. Mckay, Hill, Buckler. A History Of World Societies; R. L. Greaves, Zaller, Canistraro, Murphey. World Civilizations; P. N. Stearns, Adas And Schwartz. World Civilizations. The Global Experience; A. Esler. The Human Venture, A World History From Prehistory To The Present; F. R. Willis, World Civilizations; T. W. Wallbank, Taylor, Bailkey, Jewsbury, Lewis, Hackett. Civilizations Past And Present., Gloria T. Emeagwali

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.