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Viste Nieve By Melbourne R. Carriker, Clayton M. White

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Diet Of The Leatherside Chub, Snyderichthys Copei, In The Fall, Adrian Bell, Mark C. Belk

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Passerine Response To Roads Associated With Natural Gas Extraction In A Sagebrush Steppe Habitat, Franz Ingelfinger, Stanley Anderson

Western North American Naturalist

Natural gas extraction and field development are pervasive throughout the sagebrush steppe of Wyoming. We conducted this study to determine how roads associated with natural gas extraction affect the distribution of breeding songbirds in sagebrush steppe habitat. The study encompassed dirt and paved roads in the Jonah Field II and Pinedale Anticline Project Area in Sublette County, Wyoming. Sites are dominated by Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), and common passerines include sagebrush obligates: Brewer's Sparrows (Spizella breweri), Sage Sparrows (Amphispiza belli), and Sage Thrashers (Oreoscoptes montanus); and non-obligates: Horned Larks (Eremophila …

Comparative Habitat Use In A Juniper Woodland Bird Community, David C. Pavlacky Jr., Stanley H. Anderson

Western North American Naturalist

We compared vegetation structure used by 14 bird species during the 1998 and 1999 breeding seasons to determine what habitat features best accounted for habitat division and community organization in Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma) woodlands of southwestern Wyoming. Habitat use was quantified by measuring 24 habitat variables in 461 bird-centered quadrats, each 0.04 ha in size. Using discriminant function analysis, we differentiated between habitat used by 14 bird species along 3 habitat dimensions: (1) variation in shrub cover, overstory juniper cover, mature tree density, understory height, and decadent tree density; (2) a gradient composed of elevation and forb …

Vegetation Response To Fire And Postburn Seeding Treatments In Juniper Woodlands Of The Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, Utah, Paul Evangelista, Thomas J. Stohlgren, Debra Guenther, Sean Stewart

Western North American Naturalist

We compared 3 naturally ignited burns with unburned sites in the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument. Each burn site was restored with native and nonnative seed mixes, restored with native seeds only, or regenerated naturally. In general, burned sites had significantly lower native species richness (1.8 vs. 2.9 species), native species cover (11% vs. 22.5%), and soil crust cover (4.1% vs. 15%) than unburned sites. Most burned plots, seeded or not, had significantly higher average nonnative species richness and cover and lower average native species richness and cover than unburned sites. Regression tree analyses suggest site variation was equally important to …

Using Sampling And Inverse Distance Weighted Modeling For Mapping Invasive Plants, Elizabeth A. Roberts, Roger L. Sheley, Rick L. Lawrence

Western North American Naturalist

Accurate time- and cost-efficient mapping is central to successful rangeland invasive plant management. In this study sampling together with Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation modeling was tested as a mapping alternative to expensive full-coverage delineation survey mapping methods. Our objective was to examine accuracies of presence/absence maps generated from 18 sampling strategies (3 sampling methods × 6 sample densities) using IDW. Invasive plant field survey maps with known accuracies were used to generate samples and to test interpolation results at 2 sites. Site 1 was approximately 6.0 km², dominated by Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.). Site 2, …

Survival Rates Of Translocated And Native Mountain Quail In Oregon, Michael D. Pope, John A. Crawford

Western North American Naturalist

We estimated survival rates for 232 radio-tagged native (n = 157) and translocated (n = 75) Mountain Quail (Oreortyx pictus) from 1997 to 1999 in Hells Canyon National Recreation Area (HCNRA) in northeastern Oregon and in the Cascade Mountain Range (CMR) of southwestern Oregon. For the combined areas the estimated survival rate during 150-day intervals was 0.42 ± 0.04. Estimated survival was 0.41 ± 0.04 for Mountain Quail in HCNRA and 0.34 ± 0.34 for quail in CMR. There were no differences in survival functions for native quail in HCNRA and CMR (P = 0.91), …

Seasonal Habitat Use And Selection Of Chukars In West Central Idaho, Andrew J. Lindbloom, Kerry P. Reese, Peter Zager

Western North American Naturalist

We examined radio-marked Chukar (Alectoris chukar) habitat use and selection in west central Idaho during spring and summer of 1995 and 1996. Use of habitats also was compared with abundance and distribution of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis), an exotic species that is increasingly abundant in Chukar habitats. During summer Chukars used areas of southeast aspect 12% less (P = 0.002) and areas of northwest aspect 11% more (P = 0.008) than in spring. Chukars also used areas that averaged 9% steeper slopes (P < 0.001) and 83 m lower elevations (P = 0.054) in summer than in spring. Shrub cover …

Full Issue, Vol. 64 No. 3

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Selenium On Estrogen-Regulated Gene Expression In Lncap Prostate Cancer Cells, Tory L. Parker

Theses and Dissertations

Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in American men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Supplementation with Se has reduced the incidence of prostate cancer and Se status is inversely correlated with prostate cancer risk. One molecular mechanism by which high Se concentrations may affect cancer risk is by catalyzing disulfide bond formation or otherwise complexing with reactive sulfhydryl groups in cellular proteins. The estrogen receptor (ER) contains cysteines in zinc (Zn) fingers that are susceptible to oxidation and internal disulfide formation, which can prevent DNA binding. We examined ER binding to its DNA response element …

The Holarctic Winter Stonefly Genus Isocapnia, With An Emphasis On The North American Fauna (Plecoptera: Capniidae), J. T. Zenger, R. W. Baumann

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

This paper presents descriptions, diagnoses, figures, and keys for 12 western North American species of the Holoarctic genus Isocapnia Banks. Complete known distributional records and a cladistic analysis are included for the Nearctic species. Isocapnia fraseri and I. missourii are synonymized with I. integra, and 3 new species are described: I. eichlini n. sp., I. palousa n. sp., and I. rickeri n. sp. Representatives of 5 of the 7 known Palearctic species of Isocapnia were examined and are compared with the Nearctic species. Type localities and distributional data are listed for all 7 Palearctic species.

End Matter, Vol. 2

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Anacroneuria From Mexico And Upper Mesoamerica (Plecoptera: Perlidae), Bill P. Stark, Boris C. Kondratieff

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

This paper reviews the status of 39 Anacroneuria species reported for Mexico, the adjacent areas of Mesoamerica (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua), and the United States. Sixteen species are described as new (A. baumanni, A. brailovskyi, A. buenoi, A. contrerasi, A. izapa, A. mixteca, A. olmec, A. pareja, A. quetzalcoatl, A. ratcliffei, A. senahu, A. shepardi, A. sonora, A. wellsi, A. zaculeu, and A. zaga). Anacroneuria sulana Needham and Broughton is removed from synonymy with A. annulicauda (Pictet) and classified as a synonym of A. lineata (Navas). Anacroneuria proxima Klapálek, A. crenulata Jewett, and A. comanche Stark and Baumann …

Front Matter, Vol. 2

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Intermountain Freshwater Mollusks, Usa (Margaritifera, Anodonta, Gonidea, Valvata, Ferrissia): Geography, Conservation, And Fish Management Implications, Peter Hovingh

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

Field collections at more than 2900 sites and the examination of many museum collections and literature allowed me to map the historical and current distribution of several freshwater molluscan faunal groups in the Intermountain region of the United States (Great Basin, Colorado River drainage basin, and upper Snake River subbasin). Historical and current records show that Margaritifera falcata, Anodonta californiensis, and Ferrissia rivularis have drainage-specific distributions, while Valvata utahensis has a specific drainage pattern, and V. californica (new combination) has a dispersed pattern. Shell morphometric data of Valvata and Ferrissia show extensive shell variation between and within populations. Current surveys …

The Winter Stonefly Genus Paracapnia (Plecoptera: Capniidae), B. P. Stark, R. W. Baumann

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

This article reviews the capniid genus Paracapnia Hanson and describes a new species, P. boris, from males and females collected in northern California, provisionally assigned to the genus. Paracapnia oswegaptera (Jewett) is placed in synonymy with P. ensicala (Jewett), and the first description is provided for the male of P. disala (Jewett). Keys are presented for recognized Palearctic and Nearctic members of the genus. Distribution data are given for specimens examined and for those in the published literature.

Variance In Percent Body Fat Between And Within Families As Measured By Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Laurel Anne Kelsey

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To determine the variance in percent body fat between and within families as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: Percent body fat (%BF) assessed in 95 females, 120 males (included 54 sets of biological siblings) using DXA. Physical activity questionnaire used to assess current physical activity habits in each participant. Results: Variance in %BF between and within families is similar. Amount of television viewing and levels of physical activity can affect %BF. Discussion: A model such as the one derived in this study can be a useful tool in intervention programs implemented to decrease obesity.

Marriage Moments: An Evaluation Of An Approach To Strengthen Couples' Relationships During The Transition To Parenthood, In The Context Of A Home Visitation Program, Kimberly Ann Rose Lovejoy

Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluates the efficacy of a self-guided, low-intensity curriculum, Marriage Moments, based on Fowers' (2000) virtues model of marital quality that emphasizes friendship, generosity, justice and loyalty. The Marriage Moments program consists of a guidebook and a video that were designed to strengthen marriages during the transition to parenthood and is used in the context of a home visitation program for first-time parents. Participants in the study included 119 married couples who had recently given birth to their first child. They were assigned to either a treatment, comparison or control group. The treatment group received the Marriage Moments curriculum …

Noncontact Scanning Impedance Imaging In An Aqueous Solution, Aaron R. Hawkins, Hongze Liu, Travis E. Oliphant, Stephen M. Schultz

Faculty Publications

We present a method for imaging based on noncontact electrical impedance measurements and mechanical scanning. Measurement results are shown for an initial system based on this concept. An impedance probe design is presented, applicable to the test system. Line-scan data plots of high impedance contrast structures show a good fit to a theoretical physical model. Image resolutions on the order of 100 m are indicated for the initial system. Two-dimensional impedance images of biological tissue generated by this technique are shown.

Prevalence Of Teleological And Lamarckian Misconceptions Of Natural Selection Among College Students, Bryce T. Battisti

Theses and Dissertations

Science teachers and researchers note that students must correctly understand the role of natural selection in evolution to make sense of biology. The level of understanding of natural selection can be assessed using the Conceptual Inventory of Natural Selection (CINS) which is a 20-item multiple-choice test that incorporates student misconceptions as distractors. In the present study, Item Response Theory (IRT) was used to analyze the occurance of misconceptions on the CINS among 1192 students in an introductory non-majors biology course. The four most difficult topics in the CINS are: (a) how change occurs in a population; (b) origin of variation; …

Capillary Liquid Chromatography Using Micro Size Particles, Yanqiao Xiang

Theses and Dissertations

High speed and/or high efficiency separations can be realized using small particles (~ 1 µm) in liquid chromatography (LC). However, due to the large pressure drop caused by small particles, conventional LC pumping systems cannot satisfy the pressure requirements needed to drive the mobile phase through the column. Use of ultrahigh pressure, elevated temperature, or both can overcome these pressure limitations and allow the use of very small particles for high speed and/or high efficiency separations.

In this dissertation, the use of ultrahigh pressures with and without elevated temperatures in capillary LC is described. Very fast separations of various samples …

Casuistical Connections From Dunton To Defoe, John E. Fossum

Theses and Dissertations

This master's thesis is primarily concerned with the philosophical conditions of late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century England that encouraged the emergence of periodical literature and perpetuated the birth of the novel. While most connections between periodical literature and the novel are made on how the former created the readership that ensured the latter's success, I focus on how the epistemology unique to the advent of empirical science together with the growing prominence of casuistic thought created a space in which periodical literature could emerge and the early novel could flourish. I investigate the underlying assertion of a particular philosophical amalgam …

Hermine Cloeter, Feuilletons, And Vienna: A Flaneuse And Urban Cultural Archaeologist Wandering Through Opaque Spaces, Bridging Past And Present To Reclaim What Could Be Lost, Kelli D. Barbour

Theses and Dissertations

Despite the authority that time holds in the discipline of studying events of the past, not all historians or writers analyzing the past use time to study history—some use space, including writers who write about and interact with an urban topography. The space used by these writers is built space, as well as inhabited and practiced "lived" space. Whereas time provides a transparent overview of history, the urban spaces tend to be opaque. Clarifying history through urban space is additionally troublesome, because built space and its attached memories are visibly forgotten and ignored as time advances. Despite the difficulties of …

Pressurized Hot Water: An Alternative Method Of Nutrient Extraction And Subsequent Analysis For Use In Small-Scale Agriculture, Kristy Susanne Crane

Theses and Dissertations

Soil analysis for small acreage farms in developing countries is often inconvenient and prohibitively expensive using current procedures, yet the information gained from these soil tests could have economical and environmental benefits. The pressurized hot-water (PHW) extraction coupled with colorimetric or turbidimetric analyses shows promise as an alternative to current procedures. Accepted methods of colorimetric analysis for NO3-N and P exist but an alternative method to atomic absorption spectrometry for K analysis is needed. Of the many possible methods to quantify K, tests performed in the Brigham Young University (BYU) laboratory found sodium tetraphenylborate to be unsatisfactory and sodium cobaltinitrite …

The Application Of Pedology, Stable Carbon Isotope Analyses And Geographic Information Systems To Ancient Soil Resource Investigations At Piedras Negras, Guatemala, Kristofer Dee Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

The ancient inhabitants of the Maya Lowlands enjoyed a long and fruitful period of growth which climaxed at around AD 800. At that time, millions of people successfully subsisted in a challenging environment that today only supports a population a fraction of that size. These facts, and the subsequent "Maya Collapse", are the impetus of many recent studies that utilize environmental data, in addition to conventional archaeology, to investigate this Maya mystery. Pedological studies and stable carbon isotope analysis of soil organic matter, combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are three tools that can be used to answer crucial questions …

Zapus Princeps, E. Blake Hart, Mark C. Belk, Eralee Jordan, Malinda W. Gonzalez

Faculty Publications

Zapus princeps Allen, 1893:71. Type locality “Florida, La Plata Co., Colorado.”
Zapus pacificus Merriam, 1897:104. Type locality “Prospect, Rogue River Valley, Jackson Co., Oregon.”
Zapus saltator Allen, 1899:3. Type locality “Telegraph Creek, British Columbia.”

Learning To Create: A Collection Of Personal Essays, Naomi Lund Christiansen

Theses and Dissertations

This is a creative thesis that focuses on the infertility experiences of the author. The introduction examines the author's justification for choosing personal essay as a genre and French feminism as the guiding theory in writing the essays. Six personal essays center on the author's attempts to have a child and the discoveries and failures along the way. Throughout literary history, women's bodies have traditionally been viewed from the outside looking in, as objects to be reified and preserved or exploited and used. Using the writing the body critics as a theoretical framework, the essays discuss the comforts and discomforts …

A Hydrothermal After-Ripening Time Model Of Seed Dormancy Loss In Bromus Tectorum, Necia Beck Bair

Theses and Dissertations

After-ripening, the process of seed dormancy loss in dry storage is associated with a decrease in the mean base water potential, one of the parameters of hydrothermal time. The rate of change of the mean base water potential is assumed to be a linear function of temperature above a specific base temperature and as a result can be described by a thermal after-ripening (TAR) time model, an extension of hydrothermal modelling. The thermal requirement for after-ripening is the thermal time necessary for the modelling base water potential of the seed to shift from its original value to its final value. …

The Effect Of Religiosity And Spirituality On Work Practices And Trust Levels In Managers And Their Subordinates In Food And Nutrition Care Departments, Jennifer S. Oler

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which religiosity and spirituality affected daily work practices and leader/follower trust levels in foodservice and nutrition directors and their subordinates. A similar 72-item survey questionnaire was developed for both the directors and employees, which was completed by 129 directors and 530 employees. Both questionnaires contained questions on demographics, religious influences on work practices, trust characteristics, and three validated measures of religiosity: 1) worship service attendance (1=Religiosity Score), 2) influence of spiritual beliefs on daily life, and 3) frequency of prayer (2 + 3=Spirituality Score). Frequency data was gathered for …

Body Mass Index And Soft Drink Consumption Among Adolescents, Olivia Love Mccord

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and soft drink consumption among adolescents. It is hypothesized that soft drink consumption contributes to overweight and obesity among adolescents.

Background: Research examining the relationship between body mass index and soft drink consumption is inconsistent. Several studies have found a negative association between total sugar intake and BMI; however, others have found a link between sugar-sweetened drinks and obesity. There are no known studies that have controlled for physical activity.

Data and Methods: Data on approximately 225 adolescents were used. Frequency of soft drink consumption, type of milk, and calcium …