Digital Commons Network^™

Emergence Of The Leaf Beetle Triarius Trivittatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) From Sacahuista Nolina Microcarpa (Asparagaceae), William D. Wiesenborn

Western North American Naturalist

Nolina microcarpa S. Watson (Asparagaceae) shrubs in northwest Arizona were covered with insect-emergence traps to determine whether Triarius trivittatus Horn (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a beetle species that carries pollen from male to female flowers, undergoes larval development on the plant. The 3 traps covered different clumps of leaf rosettes and caught 39 beetles, 15 males and 24 females, during 27 May–24 June 2019. Larvae of T. trivittatus likely develop on roots, similar to other beetles in the same tribe, or on underground stems that connect leaf rosettes. Development of larvae on the plant, as well as pollen transport to female flowers …

Winter Use Of A Rock Crevice By Northern Long-Eared Myotis (Myotis Septentrionalis) In Nebraska, Jeremy A. White, Patricia W. Freeman, Hans W. Otto, Cliff A. Lemen

Western North American Naturalist

We used a combination of acoustic detectors, thermal imaging cameras, and mist netting to confirm the use of a rock crevice by northern long-eared myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) in winter in northeastern Nebraska. Bats roosted in a large crevice in a rock face along the Missouri River, and 5 individuals were captured emerging from the opening of the crevice in March 2017. Our study is the first to confirm the use of a rock-crevice hibernaculum by M. septentrionalis and adds to the growing literature on the winter use of rock crevices by hibernating bats in North America. As white-nose …

The Manifestation Of Neighborhood Effects: A Pattern For Community Growth?, Michael R. Cope, Jorden E. Jackson, Scott R. Sanders, Lance D. Erickson, Tippe Morlan, Ralph B. Brown

Faculty Publications

Neighborhood effects, or the development of community by neighborhoods, are often studied in an urban context. Previous research has neglected to examine the influence of neighborhoods in nonurban settings. Our case study, however, contributes to the existing literature as it takes place in a small, rural-to-urban town at an important point in time where the town was urbanizing. We find that neighborhood effects also influence community satisfaction and attachment in Creekdale, an urbanizing town. Using survey data (N = 1006) drawn from the Creekdale Community Citizens Viewpoint Survey (CCVS), we find that, contrary to conventional wisdom, population size and density …

What’S In The Hump Of The Humpback Chub?, David L. Ward, Michael B. Ward

Western North American Naturalist

The function of the nuchal hump on adult humpback chub (Gila cypha) has been the subject of longtime conjecture. Hypotheses about the purpose of the hump range from it being a feature that confers hydrodynamic advantages in swift water to speculation about how the hump may have reduced predation vulnerability to Colorado pikeminnows (Ptychocheilus lucius). We used comparative histology of the head region of captive-reared and wild specimens of humpback chub to evaluate whether histological examination could give insight into the function of the hump. Tissues were sectioned, stained, and photographed under a microscope at 2×, …

Notes On The Fall-Winter Diet Of Northern Saw-Whet Owls In Northern California, Julie M. Woodruff, Bethany A. Prince, Raymond J. Bogiatto, Colleen A. Hatfield

Western North American Naturalist

Forests of northern California provide important breeding and wintering habitat for the Northern Saw-whet Owl (Aegolius acadicus) (Zeiner et al. 1990). This study examined 77 pellets collected over 2 fall-winter seasons in order to better understand the dietary needs of this species.


Los bosques del norte de California brindan un importante hábitat de reproducción e hibernación para el tecolote afilador (Aegolius acadicus) (Zeiner et al. 1990). En el presente estudio se examinaron 77 egagrópilas recolectadas durante 2 temporadas de otoño-invierno para conocer mejor las necesidades dietéticas de esta especie.

A Comparison Of Running Shoe Optimal Stiffness And Speed, Aubree Remund Mcleod

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Increasing the longitudinal bending stiffness of a running shoe decreases metabolic energy cost. Optimal stiffness occurs at the stiffness with the lowest metabolic cost. However, it is still unclear how optimal stiffness varies among individuals. The primary purpose of this study was to understand how optimal shoe stiffness is affected by running speed. A secondary purpose examined the anatomical and biomechanical characteristics associated with optimal stiffness variation. Methods: Six shoe stiffness conditions were manufactured by inserting carbon fiber plates between the midsole and outsole of a standard running shoe (shoe stiffness range: 9.26–23.83 N/mm). Twenty-one experienced male runners (mass …

Greater Sage-Grouse Chick Killed By Great Basin Gopher Snake, Sarah E. Mcintire, Jordan C. Rabon, Peter S. Coates, Mark A. Ricca, Tracey N. Johnson

Western North American Naturalist

Despite extensive range overlap between Great Basin gopher snakes (Pituophis catenifer deserticola) and Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) within sagebrush ecosystems, there are few documented predator–prey interactions between these species. Although gopher snakes have been observed preying on nests of other prairie grouse, studies that used video-monitoring at sage-grouse nests found gopher snakes unable to consume sage-grouse eggs and reported just a single instance of a snake consuming a <1-day-old chick in a nest bowl. On the morning of 4 June 2018 at 04:55, we observed a Great Basin gopher snake killing, constricting, and attempting to consume a 19-day-old sage-grouse chick in the foothills of the Owyhee Mountains, southwestern Idaho. This observation is the first record of a gopher snake killing a sage-grouse chick during the late brood-rearing period and highlights the likelihood that large gopher snakes are a cause of chick mortality from hatch day to at least 19 days post-hatch.


A pesar del extenso rango de sobrelapamiento entre la distribución de la serpiente de gopher (Pituophis catenifer deserticola) y el urogallo de las artemisas (Centrocercus …

Small Mammal Activity In South-Central Idaho During The 2017 Solar Eclipse, Eric A. Rickart, Obedh E. Ornelas, Douglas J. Merkler, Lois F. Alexander

Western North American Naturalist

We collected quantitative data on small mammal activity during the 2017 solar eclipse at a locality in south-central Idaho, at the center of the path of totality where the eclipse reached totality near midday. The day before the eclipse, temperature and light intensity approached daily maximum values during the 3-h period that would encompass the solar eclipse, and only diurnal squirrels were active during this interval. During the eclipse, changes in temperature and light were similar to those that normally occur before dusk and following dawn. Results suggest that diurnal species may have curtailed their activity during the eclipse, and …

Functional And Transcriptomic Characterization Of Cisplatin-Resistant Ags And Mkn-28 Gastric Cancer Cell Lines, Barbara Mora-Lagos, Irene Cartas-Espinel, Ismael Riquelme, Alyssa C. Parker, Stephen R. Piccolo, Tamara Viscarra, Maria Elena Reyes, Louise Zanella, Kurt Buchegger, Carmen Ili, Priscilla Brebi

Faculty Publications

Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant cancer-related cause of death worldwide. The most used chemotherapeutic regimen in GC is based on platinum drugs such as cisplatin (CDDP). However, CDDP resistance reduces advanced GC survival. In vitro drug-resistant cell model would help in the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying this drug-resistance phenomenon. The aim of this study was to characterize new models of CDDP-resistant GC cell lines (AGS R-CDDP and MKN-28 R-CDDP) obtained through a stepwise increasing drug doses method, in order to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance as well as identify new therapeutic targets for the treatment of GC. …

Diverse Approaches To Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using Gene-Expression Profiles, G. Rex Sumsion, Michael S. Bradshaw Iii, Jeremy T. Beales, Emi Ford, Griffin R. G. Caryotakis, Daniel J. Garrett, Emily D. Lebaron, Ifeanyichukwu O. Nwosu, Stephen R. Piccolo

Faculty Publications

Background

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a serious concern during drug development and the treatment of human disease. The ability to accurately predict DILI risk could yield significant improvements in drug attrition rates during drug development, in drug withdrawal rates, and in treatment outcomes. In this paper, we outline our approach to predicting DILI risk using gene-expression data from Build 02 of the Connectivity Map (CMap) as part of the 2018 Critical Assessment of Massive Data Analysis CMap Drug Safety Challenge.

Results

First, we used seven classification algorithms independently to predict DILI based on gene-expression values for two cell lines. …

Diverse Approaches To Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using Gene-Expression Profiles, G. Rex Sumsion, Michael S. Bradshaw Iii, Jeremy T. Beales, Emi Ford, Griffin R. G. Caryotakis, Daniel J. Garrett, Emily D. Lebaron, Ifeanyichukwu O. Nwosu, Stephen R. Piccolo

Faculty Publications

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a serious concern during drug development and the treatment of human disease. The ability to accurately predict DILI risk could yield significant improvements in drug attrition rates during drug development, in drug withdrawal rates, and in treatment outcomes. In this paper, we outline our approach to predicting DILI risk using gene-expression data from Build 02 of the Connectivity Map (CMap) as part of the 2018 Critical Assessment of Massive Data Analysis CMap Drug Safety Challenge.

The Sparrow Hawk Castle - A Mostly Ignored Literary Motif Across The Cultures And The Centuries, Albrecht Classen

Quidditas

Johann Schiltberger included a curious episode about the ‘Sparrow Hawk Mountain’ in his famous travelogue Reisebericht from 1427. This episode can be traced back to John Mandeville’s Travels in the German translation by Michel Velser. This study examines the similarities between Mandeville’s text and Schiltberger’s account, but then also the use of this motif in the tradition of the Melusine novel (Jean d’Arras and Thüring von Ringoltingen). Further attempts are made to identify sources for this episode Mandeville might have drawn from, including an Armenian chronicle and even the love treatise De amore by Andreas Capellanus.

We, Anelise Leishman

Inscape

So, who's older?

People love to ask this question. The script is one we've memorized well: My sister was born first, but there's just one minute between us, so it doesn't count. It was a C-section, my mother explains, and they were side by side. Really, it just came down to whose foot the doctor grabbed first.

Vindicating The Feminism Of Mary Wollstonecraft, Olivia Moskot

AWE (A Woman’s Experience)

No abstract provided.

A Million Kinds Of Happiness, Karina Andrew

Inscape

Monday. Sunny. Low of 68. High of 94. Nineteen percent chance of rain.

The scent of dirt follows me into the house. People say “dirty” like it’s a bad thing, but I like dirt. It clings to me, to the knees of my jeans, to the undersides of my nails, to all the tiny lines and crevices in my skin.

Full Issue

Inscape

No abstract provided.

Placing Peer Response At The Center Of The Response Construct, Dan Melzer

Journal of Response to Writing

This article reports on a large-scale study of peer and instructor response and student reflection on response. The corpus of instructor and peer response to 864 drafts of student writing was collected via ePortfolios from first-year writing courses and courses across disciplines at 70 U.S. institutions of higher education. The following questions guided a qualitative analysis of the data: (a) What are the similarities and differences in the ways instructors and peers respond to college writing? (b) What perspectives do college students have on the feedback they receive on their writing from instructors and peers? Three themes emerged from a …

The End From The Beginning, Daniel C. Peterson

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

We are often at the dubious mercy of people, forces, and events that are beyond our control. But a trust in Providence — a word that is used relatively seldom these days for power that transcends even those people, forces, and events and that can, in the end, overrule them for our good — can nonetheless give us serene confidence. That such providential power exists, that it is personal and caring, is one of the fundamental messages of the scriptures and the prophets.

Declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done, …

Visions, Mushrooms, Fungi, Cacti, And Toads: Joseph Smith’S Reported Use Of Entheogens, Brian C. Hales

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

An article recently published in an online journal entitled “The Entheogenic Origins of Mormonism: A Working Hypothesis” posits that Joseph Smith used naturally occurring chemicals, called “entheogens,” to facilitate visionary experiences among his early followers. The entheogenic substances were reportedly derived from two mushrooms, a fungus, three plants (including one cactus), and the secretions from the parotid glands of the Sonoran Desert toad. Although it is an intriguing theory, the authors consistently fail to connect important dots regarding chemical and historical cause-and-effect issues. Documentation of entheogen acquisition and consumption by the early Saints is not provided, but consistently speculated. Equally, …

Temporal Mercies And Eternal Being: Using The Science Of Time To Understand God’S Nature And Our Own, Jared R. Stenson

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

How does God relate to time? How do we? Modern science and revelation offer distinctive and fascinating perspectives to these questions. Specifically, the physical mechanisms underlying time have doctrinal parallels, they appear to be operative at the Fall, and they correlate with several phenomena that make God’s mercy possible.

Full Issue

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Review: Gregory Prince. Gay Rights And The Mormon Church: Intended Actions, Unintended Consequences. Salt Lake City: University Of Utah Press, 2019., Elizabeth Alice Clement

Mormon Studies Review

With an accessible writing style and startlingly short chapters, Gregory Prince analyzes three aspects of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saint’s engagement with homosexuality in the postwar US.1 First, he carefully traces the evolution of the church’s understanding of the causes of homosexuality and the policies the church developed to address same sex attraction among the faithful. Second, he analyzes the church’s participation in both state and national debates around public policy towards homosexuality, with a particular focus on the campaigns against gay marriage. Finally, he explores the harm the church’s analysis, policy, and public involvement have done …

A Democratic Salvation, Daniel C. Peterson

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

Over the centuries, many religious thinkers — precisely because they are religious thinkers — have put a premium on intellectual attainment as a prerequisite for salvation. This has sometimes yielded an elitism or snobbishness that is utterly foreign to the teachings of the Savior. The Gospel as taught in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints values education and knowledge, certainly. But not unduly. Intellectuals, while heartily welcome among the Saints and, when faithful, much appreciated for their potential contributions to the Church, have no claim on any special status in the Kingdom simply because of their (real or …

The Character And Knowledge Of Mary, The Mother Of Christ, A. Keith Thompson

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

The Virgin Mary is arguably the archetype of the virtuous woman and even the divine feminine on earth, but we know very little about her. She is remembered in Christianity in a variety of ways including with cathedrals built in her honor. Though many seek her intercession when they pray, that does not seem to accord with Luke’s account of her self- effacing and private character. This article considers what Latter-day Saints know about Mary from the scriptures, distinct from others of Christian faith who seek to honor her in different ways. That discussion also includes surmise as to what …

Full Issue

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Reading Academic Citations: How Professors And Graduate Students Read For Different Purposes, Grant Eckstein, Sarah Miner, Katie Watkins, Judy James, Mornie Sims, Allison Wallace Baker, Larissa Grahl

Faculty Publications

Citations provide truncated yet socially complex information about sources in academic texts which students are obliged to read, comprehend, and then ultimately produce as part of an academic discourse community. While researchers have observed a developmental process whereby students produce citations during source-based writing, little work has investigated the reading stage when students visually encounter citations. In this study, we explored academic reading behaviors by examining eye movements of 27 graduate students and 18 professors as they read 6 authentic research texts for various purposes (summary, analysis, synthesis). Results of factorial ANOVAs showed no differences between students and professors but …

Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback Among Graduate Students: The Effects Of Feedback Timing, Grant Eckstein, Maureen Estelle Sims, Lisa Rohm

Faculty Publications

Dynamic written corrective feedback (DWCF) is a pedagogical approach that offers meaningful, manageable, constant, and timely corrective feedback on student writing (Hartshorn et al., 2010). It emphasizes indirect and comprehensive written error correction on short, daily writing assignments. Numerous studies have demonstrated that its use can lead to fewer language errors among undergraduate and pre-matriculated college writers (see Kurzer, 2018). However, the benefits of DWCF among second language (L2) graduate writers and the role of feedback timing have not been well examined. We analyzed timed writing samples over a 12-week intervention from 22 L2 graduate students who either received biweekly …

The Picrat Model For Technology Integration In Teacher Preparation, Royce Kimmons, Charles R. Graham, Richard E. West

Faculty Publications

Technology integration models are theoretical constructs that guide researchers, educators, and other stakeholders in conceptualizing the messy, complex, and unstructured phenomenon of technology integration. Building on critiques and theoretical work in this area, the authors report on their analysis of the needs, benefits, and limitations of technology integration models in teacher preparation and propose a new model: PICRAT. PIC (passive, interactive, creative) refers to the student’s relationship to a technology in a particular educational scenario. RAT (replacement, amplification, transformation) describes the impact of the technology on a teacher’s previous practice. PICRAT can be a useful model for teaching technology integration, …

Art In Medicine: A Powerful Aid To Modern Medical Education, Fenyu Wang

Student Works

Advances in modern technologies reform medical education in various aspects, and physicians undergo progressively more rigorous and specialized technical training to meet the needs of a modern society that demands cure and longer life-expectancy. However, as we celebrate these advances in modern medicine and medical education, we should not neglect the human aspect of this doctoring profession. Physicians and prevalent medical pedagogies are not impeccable. Many studies discovered mitigated physical exam and observational ability in contemporary physicians. Since 2001, medical schools and residency programs experimented with using art to teach physical examination and observational skills. Participants embraced such programs enthusiastically. …

Reckoning With The Mortally Inevitable, Daniel C. Peterson

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

Every human enterprise — even the best, including science and scholarship — is marred by human weakness, by our inescapable biases, incapacities, limitations, preconceptions, and sometimes, yes, sins. It is a legacy of the Fall. With this in mind, we should approach even the greatest scientific, cultural, and academic achievements with both grateful appreciation and humility. J. B. Phillips’s rendition of Paul’s words at 1 Corinthians 13:12 captures the thought nicely: “At present we are men looking at puzzling reflections in a mirror. The time will come when we shall see reality whole and face to face! At present all …