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Qualitative Observations Of Successful Spawning By Two Species Of Small-Bodied Minnows Following Pit Tagging, Casey A. Pennock, Lindsey A. Bruckerhoff Apr 2020

Qualitative Observations Of Successful Spawning By Two Species Of Small-Bodied Minnows Following Pit Tagging, Casey A. Pennock, Lindsey A. Bruckerhoff

Western North American Naturalist

PIT tags are a common tool used to identify and track movements of fishes. Although technological advances facilitated the use of PIT tags across a wide range of fish body sizes, we do not yet fully understand the effects of PIT tagging on basic aspects of many species’ life histories (e.g., survival, spawning success, or reproductive output). We observed 2 small-bodied fishes, Red Shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus), achieve successful spawns after PIT tagging. Age-0 fish of both species were observed in multiple experimental stream units during an outdoor mesocosm study in which …

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Full Issue Apr 2020

Full Issue

Studia Antiqua

No abstract provided.

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Comparing Greco-Roman Uterus Votives And Byzantine Uterus Amulets, Heta Björklund Apr 2020

Comparing Greco-Roman Uterus Votives And Byzantine Uterus Amulets, Heta Björklund

Studia Antiqua

No abstract provided.

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Thin Film Deposition On Powder Substrates Using Ald And Its Characterization Using Xps, Tem, And Se, Dhruv Shah Apr 2020

Thin Film Deposition On Powder Substrates Using Ald And Its Characterization Using Xps, Tem, And Se, Dhruv Shah

Theses and Dissertations

The major part of my dissertation consists of thin films deposited using atomic layer deposition on flat and powder substrates. It details the various optimization experiments for process parameters like dose time, purge time, temperature, and pressure on silicon shards and powder substrates. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) was used to characterize these films over a wide wavelength range (191-1688 nm). An optical model with a BEMA (Bruggeman effective medium approximation) layer was used to fit the ellipsometric data to investigate the optical properties of the alumina surface. The optimized process parameters on the flat surfaces were used for coating powder substrates. …

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Electrical Characterization And Annealing Of Dna Origami Templated Gold Nanowires, Tyler Richard Westover Apr 2020

Electrical Characterization And Annealing Of Dna Origami Templated Gold Nanowires, Tyler Richard Westover

Theses and Dissertations

DNA origami templates have been studied due the versatility of shapes that can be designed and their compatibility with various materials. This has potential for future electronic applications. This work presents studies performed on the electrical properties of DNA origami templated gold nanowires. Using a DNA origami tile, gold nanowires are site specifically attached in a “C” shape, and with the use of electron beam induced deposition of metal, electrically characterized. These wires are electrically conductive with resistivities as low as 4.24 x 10-5 Ω-m. During moderate temperature processing nanowires formed on DNA origami templates are shown to be affected …

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Sclerocactus Wrightiae (Cactaceace): An Evaluation Of The Impacts Associated With Cattle Grazing And The Use Of Remote Sensing To Assess Cactus Detectability, Thomas Hathaway Bates Apr 2020

Sclerocactus Wrightiae (Cactaceace): An Evaluation Of The Impacts Associated With Cattle Grazing And The Use Of Remote Sensing To Assess Cactus Detectability, Thomas Hathaway Bates

Theses and Dissertations

The Wright fishhook cactus (Sclerocactus wrightiae L.D. Benson) is an endangered cactus species endemic to south-central Utah. Since its listing in 1979 by the U.S. Fish and Wildife Service, the potential impacts of soil disturbance by cattle have become a central focus of management policies and monitoring efforts. However, little to no empirical data has been collected to substantiate the hypothesis that soil disturbance by cattle has direct or indirect negative effects on Wright fishhook cactus growth or reproduction. Over the years, the Bureau of Land Mangement (BLM) and Capitol Reef National Park (CRNP) have invested significant resources documenting cactus …

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What Motives Drive Pornography Consumption, Charlotte R. Esplin Apr 2020

What Motives Drive Pornography Consumption, Charlotte R. Esplin

Theses and Dissertations

Pornography use has become widespread and mainstream in American society, with estimates that 60% of men and 35% of women have viewed pornography at some time in the last year. Pornography use has been associated with both positive and negative outcomes depending on the user, and some of these conflicting results may stem from problematic measurement. Using a newly validated measure that assesses frequency, duration, arousal, and deliberate or accidental exposure to seven common types of pornography, we sought to understand if the motivations to view pornography differed depending on biological sex of the user and the type of use …

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The Role Of Tributaries In Structuring Mussel Assemblages, Cassie M. Vaughan, Marsha G. Williams, Neil B. Ford, Lance R. Williams Apr 2020

The Role Of Tributaries In Structuring Mussel Assemblages, Cassie M. Vaughan, Marsha G. Williams, Neil B. Ford, Lance R. Williams

Open Water Journal

The influence of tributaries on mussel assemblages of the river mainstem are poorly understood. This paper aims to understand differences in mussel habitat associations between tributaries and the Neches River mainstem and if the mussel assemblages are nested in tributaries. During the months June through October in 2016, 28 tributaries and 22 mainstem sites were surveyed in the Neches River using tactile time search. A total of 3,620 individuals were collected, of which 44.5% were collected from tributaries. However, only eight of the 28 tributaries contained mussels, while every mainstem site sampled had mussels. Entrenchment ratio and sinuosity appear to …

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Stemors: A Stochastic Eco-Hydrological Model For Optimal Reservoir Sizing, Aristotelis Koskinas, Tegos Aristoteles Dr. Apr 2020

Stemors: A Stochastic Eco-Hydrological Model For Optimal Reservoir Sizing, Aristotelis Koskinas, Tegos Aristoteles Dr.

Open Water Journal

Dams design and their operation cause strong environmental alteration and therefore a long-term debate is ongoing for the scale of these projects. At the same time, the concept of Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) is a crucial element of modified ecosystems featuring large infrastructure such as dams and reservoirs for mitigating potential environmental degradation while they operate. Nowadays, integrated scientific frameworks are required to quantify the risks caused by large infrastructure. Through the use of stochastic analysis, it is possible to quantify these uncertainties, and present a solution that incorporates long-term persistence and environmental sustainability into a balanced reservoir simulation model. …

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Comparative Genomics Using The Colored De Bruijn Graph, Cole Andrew Lyman Apr 2020

Comparative Genomics Using The Colored De Bruijn Graph, Cole Andrew Lyman

Theses and Dissertations

Comparing genomes in a computationally efficient manner is a difficult problem. Methods that provide the highest resolution are too inefficient and methods that are efficient are too low resolution. In this thesis, we show that the Colored de Bruijn Graph (CdBG) is a suitable method for comparing genomes because it is efficient while maintaining a useful amount of resolution. To illustrate the usefulness of the CdBG, the phylogenetic tree for 12 species in the Drosophila genus is reconstructed using pseudo-homologous regions of the genome contained in the CdBG.

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Implementing Decision-Based Learning In A Peruvian University, Christopher Cardenas Apr 2020

Implementing Decision-Based Learning In A Peruvian University, Christopher Cardenas

Theses and Dissertations

Decision-based learning (DBL; Plummer, Swan, & Lush, 2017) addresses the difficulty that professors may have when teaching their expertise to their students. The purpose of this study was to understand the perspectives of professors and students implementing DBL in a Peruvian university. Professors at a Peruvian university implemented the DBL pedagogy in their classes. The research questions were (a) how effectively can professors in a Peruvian university implement DBL, (b) what benefits and challenges do professors perceive from implementing DBL, and (c) how did using DBL as a homework strategy affect student learning? We collected 74 implementation videos, 42 professor …

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Spared Perception Of The Structure Of Scenes After Hippocampal Damage, Zhisen J. Urgolites, Ramona O. Hopkins, Larry R. Squire Apr 2020

Spared Perception Of The Structure Of Scenes After Hippocampal Damage, Zhisen J. Urgolites, Ramona O. Hopkins, Larry R. Squire

Faculty Publications

To explore whether the hippocampus might be important for certain spatial operations in addition to its well-known role in memory, we administered two tasks in which participants judged whether objects embedded in scenes or whether scenes themselves could exist in 3-D space. Patients with damage limited to the hippocampus performed as well as controls in both tasks. A patient with large medial-temporal lobe lesions had a bias to judge objects in scenes and scenes themselves as possible, performing well with possible stimuli but poorly with impossible stimuli in both tasks. All patients were markedly impaired at remembering the tasks. The …

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Characterization Of Hemicellulose Biosynthesis Genes In Avena, Melissa Coon Fogarty Apr 2020

Characterization Of Hemicellulose Biosynthesis Genes In Avena, Melissa Coon Fogarty

Theses and Dissertations

Avena sativa L. (2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD genome composition) or common oat is the cereal grain possessing the highest levels of water-soluble seed (1-3,1-4)-β-D-glucan (β-glucan), a hemicellulose important to human health due to its ability to lower serum LDL cholesterol levels. Understanding the mechanisms of β-glucan accumulation in oat endosperm is, consequently, of great interest. We report a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling β-glucan production in oat, identifying 58 significantly associated markers. Synteny with the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genome identified four major regions of interest, the CslF and CslH gene families …

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Capillary Morphogenesis Gene Protein 2 (Cmg2) Mediates Matrix Protein Uptake And Is Required For Endothelial Cell Chemotaxis In Response To Multiple Vascular Growth Factors, Tsz Ming Jeremy Tsang Apr 2020

Capillary Morphogenesis Gene Protein 2 (Cmg2) Mediates Matrix Protein Uptake And Is Required For Endothelial Cell Chemotaxis In Response To Multiple Vascular Growth Factors, Tsz Ming Jeremy Tsang

Theses and Dissertations

Pathological angiogenesis, or new blood vessel formation, is involved in many pathologies, including cancer and serious eye diseases. While traditional anti-angiogenic therapies target vascular endothelial growth factor receptors to reduce or inhibit new vessel formation, this approach has several downsides, including unpleasant side effects and low efficacy over time. Therefore, identifying new targets to treat pathological angiogenesis is still needed. CMG2, one of the two identified anthrax toxin receptors, has been proposed as an alternative target to treat pathological angiogenesis. CMG2’s role as a cell surface receptor that mediates anthrax toxin internalization is very well documented. One physiological function for …

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Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of New Non-Centrosymmetric Organic Crystals For Terahertz Generation, Gabriel Alejandro Valdivia-Berroeta Apr 2020

Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of New Non-Centrosymmetric Organic Crystals For Terahertz Generation, Gabriel Alejandro Valdivia-Berroeta

Theses and Dissertations

Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is an emerging technology with promising applications in imaging, homeland security, and material detection and quantification. Frequencies in the THz region can be generated by optical rectification of ultrafast near-infrared laser pulses in the presence of a nonlinear optical (NLO) materials such as organic crystals. Non-centrosymmetric organic THz generating crystals such as DAST, HMQ-TMS, and OH1 have received special attention due to the strong generated fields on the order of MV/cm. The cation of these organic salts is designed by connecting electron-donating with electron-accepting groups via a highly planar aromatic system. To improve the performance of organic …

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Woman Seeking Mother: The Heroine’S Journey In Waslala By Gioconda Belli, Karisa Saori Shiraki Apr 2020

Woman Seeking Mother: The Heroine’S Journey In Waslala By Gioconda Belli, Karisa Saori Shiraki

Theses and Dissertations

Motherhood and maternity are common themes in Nicaraguan author Gioconda Belli’s (1948–) writings, but in Waslala (2006) her exploration of the mother figure dives further into what a relationship with such a figure provides. Through a development narrative, parallel to that of female Bildungsroman and quest-romance, the protagonist, Melisandra, grows in maternal history and culture in her search for mother. This thesis uses the theories of Carol Christ, Dana Heller, Joseph Campbell and others to see Melisandra’s odyssey through the lens of a quest narrative. Along this journey, two maternal figures play an important role in preparing her for her …

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Long-Term Opiate-Induced Adaptations In Lateral Paracapsular Neurons Of The Basolateral Amygdala, Sara Jane Werner Apr 2020

Long-Term Opiate-Induced Adaptations In Lateral Paracapsular Neurons Of The Basolateral Amygdala, Sara Jane Werner

Theses and Dissertations

Increases in basolateral amygdala (BLA) activity drive avoidance-seeking behavior that may be associated with stress induced drug seeking. Activity of BLA pyramidal neurons is regulated by local and paracapsular gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneurons. The lateral paracapsular interneurons (LPCs) border the external capsule, receive dense cortical/thalamic input and provide feed-forward inhibition onto BLA principle neurons. The GABAergic LPCs also express high concentrations of g-protein coupled µ-opioid receptors (MORs). Therefore, the effects of opiates on LPC activity and local GABA release were examined. Fluorescently double labeled LPCs were observed in glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) 65-mcherry/GAD67-green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice. Whole-cell electrophysiology …

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Development Of A Parameterized Model Of Transverse Maize (Zea Maysl.) Stalk Morphology, Ryan A. Larson Apr 2020

Development Of A Parameterized Model Of Transverse Maize (Zea Maysl.) Stalk Morphology, Ryan A. Larson

Theses and Dissertations

Stalk lodging, or failure of the stalk structure, presents a serious problem in the production of maize (Zea mays L.). Lodged stalks negatively impact crop yields by inhibiting further grain growth and often prevent the harvest of the grain. Addressing this problem requires the development of new maize hybrids that exhibit enhanced lodging resistance, which in turn requires an understanding of the parameters that influence lodging resistance. Current methods make use of specimen-specific geometry and material properties, but these methods have limited ability to examine geometric effects and can require excessive time. A parameterized model of the maize stalk has …

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Teacher Recruitment: Predictive Factors Of Stem University Students Entering The Teaching Profession, Scott Harris Apr 2020

Teacher Recruitment: Predictive Factors Of Stem University Students Entering The Teaching Profession, Scott Harris

Student Works

This study examines factors that influence science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) university students’ willingness to consider teaching as a career. Although very few of these students initially consider this profession, we identified four factors using predictive modeling that are strongly associated with these students’ willingness to consider teaching and their belief that teaching might be their best career option. Results indicated that STEM university students were more likely to consider teaching when they believed teaching is something they would be good at, others encouraged them to be a teacher, when family encourages them to teach, and when teachers they …

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Cognitive Demands Of Mothers Of Young Children In The Presence Of Emotional Distraction, Michelle Duersch Apr 2020

Cognitive Demands Of Mothers Of Young Children In The Presence Of Emotional Distraction, Michelle Duersch

Theses and Dissertations

Stress and parenting often go hand in hand, with high physical and emotional demands from children often coupled with pressures and responsibilities adults bear from work, school, and other involvements outside the home. Parents often prioritize their children's needs above their own physical, emotional, and social needs. While current literature addresses stress in mothers, it has yet to understand under what circumstances her children may modify her stress levels and whether her stress response, in turn, affects cognition. This study seeks to investigate the impact of such a taxing environment on mothers' stress and cognition using a challenging mnemonic discrimination …

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Rewriting "Plumb Crazy Indian Women": Reframing Mental Illness As Cultural Power In Linda Hogan's Solar Storms, Hannah Dian Detavis Apr 2020

Rewriting "Plumb Crazy Indian Women": Reframing Mental Illness As Cultural Power In Linda Hogan's Solar Storms, Hannah Dian Detavis

Theses and Dissertations

Since the earliest published American narratives, writers and subsequent Western clinicians alike have often mislabeled Indigenous behaviors, especially the behaviors of Indigenous women, as insanity. And yet, as Pemina Yellow Bird (Three Affiliated Tribes) explains, "Native peoples generally do not have a notion of "insane" or "mentally ill." (4). Instead, Indigenous peoples often discuss mental health in their communities through storytelling. As but one example of the ways that cultural narratives work to reclaim Indigenous understandings of mental health, this paper analyzes how the writings of Chickasaw author Linda Hogan challenge non-Indigenous understandings of mental health as a gendered phenomenon …

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Aerodynamic Measurement Stability During Rabbit Versus Pig Benchtop Phonation, Megan Caroline Hoggan Apr 2020

Aerodynamic Measurement Stability During Rabbit Versus Pig Benchtop Phonation, Megan Caroline Hoggan

Theses and Dissertations

Combination corticosteroid inhalers are the primary treatment option for long-term pulmonary disorders including asthma, persistent bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Common side effects of these medications are xerostomia in the mouth and throat, hoarseness, and soreness in the oropharynx. Research indicates that a large percentage of the inhaler particles are deposited onto laryngeal tissue, leaving an alteration of laryngeal mucosal properties. As the first stage in a long-term project, this thesis addresses the need for baseline phonatory data that will lay groundwork for quantifying inhaler-induced phonatory changes. Excised larynx research is a powerful tool for assessing aerodynamic alterations that …

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End Matter, Vol. 80 No. 1 Apr 2020

End Matter, Vol. 80 No. 1

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Activity Patterns And Foraging Behavior Of American Pikas (Ochotona Princeps) Differ Between Craters Of The Moon And Alpine Talus In Idaho, Meghan J. Camp, Lisa A. Shipley, Johanna Varner, Brooklyn D. Waterhouse Apr 2020

Activity Patterns And Foraging Behavior Of American Pikas (Ochotona Princeps) Differ Between Craters Of The Moon And Alpine Talus In Idaho, Meghan J. Camp, Lisa A. Shipley, Johanna Varner, Brooklyn D. Waterhouse

Western North American Naturalist

Range contractions in the Great Basin over the last century suggest that American pikas (Ochotona princeps) might be highly sensitive to climate change. However, documentation of pikas residing at relatively warm, low-elevation sites has recently shed new light on the possible resilience of pika populations to warmer ambient conditions when they have access to cooler microhabitats for thermoregulation. To provide insight into the possible behavioral mechanisms of adaptation to warmer habitats, we investigated activity patterns, foraging behavior, and space use of a population of pikas living in an atypical, warmer habitat at Craters of the Moon National Monument …

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Speech Perception Of Global Acoustic Structure In Children With Speech Delay, With And Without Dyslexia, Mikayla Nicole Madsen Apr 2020

Speech Perception Of Global Acoustic Structure In Children With Speech Delay, With And Without Dyslexia, Mikayla Nicole Madsen

Theses and Dissertations

Children with speech delay (SD) have underlying deficits in speech perception that may be related to reading skill. Children with SD and children with dyslexia have previously shown deficits for distinct perceptual characteristics, including segmental acoustic structure and global acoustic structure. In this study, 35 children (ages 7-9 years) with SD, SD + dyslexia, and/or typically developing were presented with a vocoded speech recognition task to investigate their perception of global acoustic speech structure. Findings revealed no differences in vocoded speech recognition between groups, regardless of SD or dyslexia status. These findings suggest that in children with SD, co-occurring dyslexia …

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A Comparison Of Chikungunya Virus Infection, Dissemination, And Cytokine Induction In Human And Murine Macrophages And Characterization Of Rag2-/-Γc-/- Mice As An Animal Model To Study Neurotropic Chikungunya Disease, Israel Guerrero Apr 2020

A Comparison Of Chikungunya Virus Infection, Dissemination, And Cytokine Induction In Human And Murine Macrophages And Characterization Of Rag2-/-Γc-/- Mice As An Animal Model To Study Neurotropic Chikungunya Disease, Israel Guerrero

Theses and Dissertations

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is classified as an alphavirus in the Togaviridae family. This virus is known to rely on Aedes arthropod vectors for its dissemination. Human infection is characterized by rash, high fever, and severe chronic polyarthritis that can last for years. Recently, efforts in developing animal models have been made in an attempt to better understand CHIKV pathogenesis. CHIKV infection starts with a 7 to 10 day long febrile acute phase, in which most of the symptoms occur (rash, fever, and incapacitating pain in joints and muscle). Once the immune system clears most of the viral infection, a chronic …

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Front Matter, Vol. 80 No. 1 Apr 2020

Front Matter, Vol. 80 No. 1

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Shinylearner: A Containerized Benchmarking Tool For Machine-Learning Classification Of Tabular Data, Stephen Piccolo, Terry J. Lee, Erica Suh, Kimball Hill Apr 2020

Shinylearner: A Containerized Benchmarking Tool For Machine-Learning Classification Of Tabular Data, Stephen Piccolo, Terry J. Lee, Erica Suh, Kimball Hill

Faculty Publications

Background: Classification algorithms assign observations to groups based on patterns in data. The machine-learning community have developed myriad classification algorithms, which are used in diverse life science research domains. Algorithm choice can affect classification accuracy dramatically, so it is crucial that researchers optimize the choice of which algorithm(s) to apply in a given research domain on the basis of empirical evidence. In benchmark studies, multiple algorithms are applied to multiple datasets, and the researcher examines overall trends. In addition, the researcher may evaluate multiple hyperparameter combinations for each algorithm and use feature selection to reduce data dimensionality. Although software implementations …

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The Role Of Beta-Hydroxybutyrate In Altering Adipose Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Chase Mitchell Walton Apr 2020

The Role Of Beta-Hydroxybutyrate In Altering Adipose Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Chase Mitchell Walton

Theses and Dissertations

The rampant growth of obesity worldwide has stimulated explosive research into human metabolism. Metabolic rate has been shown to be altered by diets differing in macronutrient composition, with low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diets eliciting a significant increase over other interventions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the ketone β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) on mitochondrial respiration and coupling status in adipose tissue. To explore this, we employed three distinct systems, namely cell, rodent, and human models. In every model, βHB robustly increased mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, in cultured adipocytes and rodent adipose, we quantified the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial …

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Benchmark Temperature Microcontroller For Process Dynamics And Control, Junho Park, Ronald Abraham Martin, Jeffrey Kelly, John Hedengren Apr 2020

Benchmark Temperature Microcontroller For Process Dynamics And Control, Junho Park, Ronald Abraham Martin, Jeffrey Kelly, John Hedengren

Faculty Publications

Standard benchmarks are important repositories to establish comparisons between competing model and control methods, especially when a new method is proposed. This paper presents details of an Arduino micro-controller temperature control lab as a benchmark for modeling and control methods. As opposed to simulation studies, a physical benchmark considers real process characteristics such as the requirement to meet a cycle time, discrete sampling intervals, communication overhead with the process, and model mismatch. An example case study of the benchmark is quantifying an optimization approach for a PID controller with 5.4% improved performance. A multivariate example shows the quantified performance improvement …

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