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Microwave-Promoted Iminyl Radical Fragmentations And The Total Synthesis Of Yaku'amide A And Its Simplified Analogues, Concordia Lo Dec 2021

Microwave-Promoted Iminyl Radical Fragmentations And The Total Synthesis Of Yaku'amide A And Its Simplified Analogues, Concordia Lo

Theses and Dissertations

The first project in this dissertation describes the use of microwave-promoted iminyl radical fragmentations to form functionalized nitriles. Nitrogen-centered radical chemistry is a useful tool to construct valuable C-N bonds commonly found in pharmaceuticals and biologically active molecules. Classically, these reactions require the use of toxic initiators and propagators. Iminyl radical chemistry has been gaining momentum as a means of avoiding these harsh conditions. This project utilizes the fragmentation of cyclic iminyl radicals via irradiation of O-phenyl oxime ethers to produce a synthetically useful nitrile tethered to an alkyl radical in the absence of metal catalysts and redox chemistry. The …

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Cyanobacteria And Phytoplankton Responses To Nutrients In Deep-Water Montane Reservoirs, Madeleine Paige Malmfeldt Dec 2021

Cyanobacteria And Phytoplankton Responses To Nutrients In Deep-Water Montane Reservoirs, Madeleine Paige Malmfeldt

Theses and Dissertations

Mountains play an important role in providing water resources from snow and ice to downstream urban population centers. In Utah, USA, nearly 86% of the state's population resides in the rapidly growing urban corridor along the Wasatch Front. Water along the Wasatch Front is stored in several deep reservoirs in the Provo River Watershed. Additions of nutrients, into these reservoirs, may stimulate the growth of primary producers (e.g., total phytoplankton and cyanobacteria) potentially attenuating water quality. To determine the influence of nutrients on primary producers in the Provo River's reservoirs, identify whether cyanobacteria are transported downstream, and quantify nutrient thresholds …

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Understanding Factors Influencing Seed Germination Of Seven Wildflowers In Sub-Alpine Ecosystems, Alyssa Joy Brown Dec 2021

Understanding Factors Influencing Seed Germination Of Seven Wildflowers In Sub-Alpine Ecosystems, Alyssa Joy Brown

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the seed germination of seven wildflowers native to sub-alpine ecosystems. Wildflowers are an essential functional group in native plant ecosystems. Also known as forbs, these plants offer a myriad of benefits in addition to being aesthetically pleasing. They provide habitats for anthropods and small mammals, support native pollinator populations, and grow well with other plant functional groups (especially perennial grasses and shrubs). Healthy plant communities make use of the limited resources in our native ecosystems, competing with invasive species that can otherwise dominate the landscape. Germination involves the transition from seed to an actively growing plant. Following …

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Investigating The Influence Of Available Drinking Water On Wildlife In Utah's West Desert, Danielle K. Finlayson Dec 2021

Investigating The Influence Of Available Drinking Water On Wildlife In Utah's West Desert, Danielle K. Finlayson

Theses and Dissertations

The availability of water is a limiting resource for many wildlife species in arid and semi- arid environments. Free water is essential for critical life stages for numerous species, including migration, reproduction, survival, and habitat selection. Riparian areas in the desert occur relatively infrequently, but support a disproportionally large percentage of plant and wildlife species found in arid environments. Our study covered two aspects of water use in the west desert of Utah. The first was assessing the impacts of nonnative ungulates (specifically feral horses and cattle) on natural springs, and how they influenced water quality, vegetation, and wildlife diversity …

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Identifying Sinorhizobium Meliloti Genes That Determine Fitness Outcomes, Alexander B. Benedict Dec 2021

Identifying Sinorhizobium Meliloti Genes That Determine Fitness Outcomes, Alexander B. Benedict

Theses and Dissertations

The remarkable metabolic capacity of the soil-dwelling bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti is encoded on its three circular replicons: the chromosome and two large megaplasmids, pSymA and pSymB. Despite making up 45% of the genome, the pSymA and pSymB megaplasmids can be cured from S. meliloti. This unique attribute provides an opportunity to study the essentiality of chromosomal genes in the presence or absence of nearly half the genome. By interrogating chromosomal genes via massively parallel transposon insertion sequencing (Tn-seq) in the presence and absence of pSymA and pSymB, we identified 307 genes as being essential for viability regardless of the genomic …

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Saprotrophy Among Endophytic Fungi, Emily Marissa Weatherhead Dec 2021

Saprotrophy Among Endophytic Fungi, Emily Marissa Weatherhead

Theses and Dissertations

Endophytic fungi have been found in every terrestrial plant investigated thus far. They can receive nutritional benefits from their host tissues. Two major modes of nutrition for endophytic fungi include biotrophy and saprotrophy. In chapter 1, I set out to determine whether endophytic fungi isolated from Quercus gambelii in Utah, USA were capable of saprotrophy and, if some were, how much variation in saprotrophic ability exists among them. Because saprotrophy requires moisture and, in Utah, moisture is largely unavailable outside winter and early spring, in chapter 2 I set out to determine if any of our isolated endophytic fungi were …

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Fabrication Of Advanced Materials For Chromatography, Sample Preparation, And Separations, And Accompanying Material Characterization, Dhananjay I. Patel Dec 2021

Fabrication Of Advanced Materials For Chromatography, Sample Preparation, And Separations, And Accompanying Material Characterization, Dhananjay I. Patel

Theses and Dissertations

My dissertation primarily focuses on the fabrication of materials for solid phase microextraction (SPME) and separation devices. In my first project, I used direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) to prepare sputtered silicon coatings on fused silica fibers. These fibers were then subjected to the chemical vapor deposition of 6-phenyhexylsilane (6-PH) as a stationary phase. Six different types of fibers were made using two different throw distances (4 cm and 20 cm) and three different silicon thicknesses (0.5, 1.8, and 2.8 µm). These coatings were characterized by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), …

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Quantification Of Eccentricity In Stems Of Two Species Of Purshia, Lance S. Evans Dec 2021

Quantification Of Eccentricity In Stems Of Two Species Of Purshia, Lance S. Evans

Western North American Naturalist

Plants of Purshia tridentata and Purshia stansburyana, 2 shrub species from the western United States, naturally display eccentric stem growth. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively document stem eccentricity for these 2 species. Stem segments were obtained from 3 different plants of each species at locations in central Utah. Each stem was sawed into 8-mm sections and photographed for analysis. Every stem section was then marked at a 36° interval to produce 10 wedge-shaped sectors. The areas of each sector were determined and analyzed. Stem segment areas were about 40, 60, and 100 mm2 for stem …

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Resiliency Of Utah's Road Network: A Logit-Based Approach, Max Evan Barnes Dec 2021

Resiliency Of Utah's Road Network: A Logit-Based Approach, Max Evan Barnes

Theses and Dissertations

The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) manages and maintains a complex state-wide network of highways. Recent incidents such as the collapse of the I-35W bridge in Min- neapolis, Minnesota, and the I-85/Piedmont Road fire and subsequent bridge collapse in Atlanta, Georgia, have brought identification of transportation network vulnerabilities to the forefront of UDOT’s planning efforts. Traditional estimates of transportation network impacts have focused on increases to user travel time or the volume of affected traffic, but studies of these disasters have revealed that when facing a degraded transportation network, people adjust their trip making in terms of destination, mode, and …

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Noteworthy Records Of Mammals From West-Central Mexico, Diego F. García-Mendoza, Celia López-González, Teresa Salas-H Nov 2021

Noteworthy Records Of Mammals From West-Central Mexico, Diego F. García-Mendoza, Celia López-González, Teresa Salas-H

Western North American Naturalist

We report for the first time the presence of 2 shrew species (Sorex altoensis and S. emarginatus) and 4 rodent species (Peromyscus merriami, P. schmidlyi, Reithrodontomys zacatecae, and Sigmodon leucotis) in the state of Nayarit, Mexico, as well as the occurrence of P. carletoni and P. schmidlyi in Jalisco and Zacatecas. We extend the known distribution range of the squirrel Sciurus aureogaster to northern Nayarit and report the presence of 2 subspecies of P. eremicus and 3 of Neotoma mexicana in near sympatry. We also confirm the presence of Tlacuatzin sinaloae and P. …

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Teach And Question Data, Rachel Tomco Novak Nov 2021

Teach And Question Data, Rachel Tomco Novak

ScholarsArchive Data

Data collected from a Teach-and-Question assignment in 11 sections of an introductory science course, during Winter semester 2021.

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Intersex: Specificity Or Sensitivity, Joseph Bradley Nov 2021

Intersex: Specificity Or Sensitivity, Joseph Bradley

Student Works

This synthesized paper highlights how medical and social circles perceive and treat intersex individuals. The main topic of how to define an intersex individual is brought to question. The implications of how intersex individuals are defined are also discussed.

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Evaluation Of Deep Neural Network Prospr For Accurate Protein Distance Predictions On Casp14 Targets, Jacob A. Stern, Bryce Eric Hedelius, Olivia Fisher, Wendy M. Billings, Dennis Della Corte Nov 2021

Evaluation Of Deep Neural Network Prospr For Accurate Protein Distance Predictions On Casp14 Targets, Jacob A. Stern, Bryce Eric Hedelius, Olivia Fisher, Wendy M. Billings, Dennis Della Corte

Faculty Publications

The field of protein structure prediction has recently been revolutionized through the introduction of deep learning. The current state-of-the-art tool AlphaFold2 can predict highly accurate structures; however, it has a prohibitively long inference time for applications that require the folding of hundreds of sequences. The prediction of protein structure annotations, such as amino acid distances, can be achieved at a higher speed with existing tools, such as the ProSPr network. Here, we report on important updates to the ProSPr network, its performance in the recent Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP14) competition, and an evaluation of its …

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Phylogenetic Relationships Of Genera In The Caddisfly Family Limnephilidae Using Anchored Hybrid Enrichment-Based Phylogenomic Analysis (Insecta:Trichoptera), Kyle Charles Rawlinson Nov 2021

Phylogenetic Relationships Of Genera In The Caddisfly Family Limnephilidae Using Anchored Hybrid Enrichment-Based Phylogenomic Analysis (Insecta:Trichoptera), Kyle Charles Rawlinson

Theses and Dissertations

Limnephilidae is a large family within Trichoptera, consisting of 4 subfamilies (Dicosmoecinae, Ecclisomyiinae, Limnephilinae, and Philocascinae), 98 genera, and 1178 species. It is among the most diverse families within Trichoptera. It is also ecologically diverse, occupying more habitats than any other family in the order. There are currently no published generic phylogenies of Limnephilidae based on molecular data. Here we used anchored hybrid enrichment to capture and sequence 922 loci for 57 species taken from what have been considered the full range of genera in the family. We expanded the taxon sampling by adding supplementary species with DNA barcodes, 28S …

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Triophaser: Using Mendelian Inheritance Logic To Improve Genomic Phasing Of Trios, Dustin B. Miller, Stephen R. Piccolo Nov 2021

Triophaser: Using Mendelian Inheritance Logic To Improve Genomic Phasing Of Trios, Dustin B. Miller, Stephen R. Piccolo

Faculty Publications

Background: When analyzing DNA sequence data of an individual, knowing which nucleotide was inherited from each parent can be benefcial when trying to identify certain types of DNA variants. Mendelian inheritance logic can be used to accurately phase (haplotype) the majority (67–83%) of an individual’s heterozygous nucleotide positions when genotypes are available for both parents (trio). However, when all members of a trio are heterozygous at a position, Mendelian inheritance logic cannot be used to phase. For such positions, a computational phasing algorithm can be used. Existing phasing algorithms use a haplotype reference panel, sequencing reads, and/or parental genotypes …

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A Study In Soft Robotics: Metrics, Models, Control, And Estimation, Levi Thomas Rupert Nov 2021

A Study In Soft Robotics: Metrics, Models, Control, And Estimation, Levi Thomas Rupert

Theses and Dissertations

Traditional robots, while capable of being efficient and effective for the task they were designed, are dangerous when operating in unmodeled environments or around humans. The field of soft robotics attempts to increase the safety of robots thus enabling them to operate in environments where traditional robots should not operate. Because of this, soft robots were developed with different goals in mind than traditional robots and as such the traditional metrics used to evaluate standard robots are not effective for evaluating soft robots. New metrics need to be developed for soft robots so that effective comparison and evaluations can be …

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Shrinkage Of Rio Grande Silvery Minnow After Preservation In Formalin And Storage In Ethanol, Joshua D. Grant, Thomas P. Archdeacon Nov 2021

Shrinkage Of Rio Grande Silvery Minnow After Preservation In Formalin And Storage In Ethanol, Joshua D. Grant, Thomas P. Archdeacon

Western North American Naturalist

Understanding how the preservation process affects fish morphology is important for studies that use museum collections as voucher specimens. Sixty-nine Rio Grande silvery minnows (standard length [SL] 32.14–81.65 mm) were observed over 545 days during a formalin-to-water-to-ethanol preservation procedure. Median standard length decreased by the end of each preservation step; specimens shrank 1.06 mm in formalin solution, 1.97 mm in 35% ethanol, 2.17 mm in 50% ethanol, and 2.48 mm in 70% ethanol. Peak shrinkage occurred at 365 d, with a median decrease of 3.86 mm (SL 29.57–75.98 mm). After 545 days, Rio Grande silvery minnows began to increase in …

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Molecular Identification Of Sceloporus Lizards In The Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, Kiara W. Milcoff, Wendy A. Estes-Zumpf, Adam D. Leaché Nov 2021

Molecular Identification Of Sceloporus Lizards In The Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, Kiara W. Milcoff, Wendy A. Estes-Zumpf, Adam D. Leaché

Western North American Naturalist

Accurate information on species identities and distributions is critical for informing state land use and conservation policies. However, it can often be difficult to determine species identity using morphological data alone. Using phylogenetic methods, we determined the identity of Sceloporus lizards occupying the Laramie Mountains of Wyoming, between known ranges for Sceloporus tristichus and Sceloporus consobrinus. The ND1 mitochondrial gene was sequenced for 10 individuals from the Laramie Mountains and analyzed using maximum likelihood with 23 other samples of S. tristichus and S. consobrinus from throughout their ranges. The mtDNA gene tree places the Laramie Mountains populations within a …

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Prevalence And Intensity Of Infection Of The Parasitic Copepod Salmincola Californiensis On Rainbow Trout In Birch Creek, Idaho, Andrew D. Suchomel, Eric J. Billman Nov 2021

Prevalence And Intensity Of Infection Of The Parasitic Copepod Salmincola Californiensis On Rainbow Trout In Birch Creek, Idaho, Andrew D. Suchomel, Eric J. Billman

Western North American Naturalist

Salmincola californiensis is a parasitic copepod that infects salmonid fishes in the genus Oncorhynchus. Our objective was to determine the level of infection of S. californiensis in Rainbow Trout in Birch Creek, Idaho. We sampled Rainbow Trout at 5 sites on Birch Creek during October 2015 and May 2016. Mean intensity of infection was greater in May 2016 (x̄ = 1.7) than it was in October 2015 (x̄ = 2.9; F1, 69 = 5.535, P = 0.021). Intensity of infection ranged from 1 to 10 copepods in October 2015 and 1 to 12 copepods in May …

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Best Friends Forever And Family Ties: Continuity And Change In Closeness With Parents And Friends Among Australian Adolescents, Mckell A. Jorgensen-Wells Nov 2021

Best Friends Forever And Family Ties: Continuity And Change In Closeness With Parents And Friends Among Australian Adolescents, Mckell A. Jorgensen-Wells

Theses and Dissertations

During adolescence, the need for social connection increases. Yet, fostering emotional closeness in relationships becomes more complex, as the need for autonomy also increases and social environments must adapt to become conducive to these seemingly competing needs. This complexity necessitates more research on what happens to close relationships during adolescence, so parents, scholars, and practitioners are better equipped to help individuals navigate the unique social atmosphere of adolescence. The current study draws upon multi-level modeling techniques to estimate growth models of Australian adolescents' closeness to parents and closeness to friends from ages 12-17 and examine predictors of these trajectories. Findings …

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Declines Of Juvenile Coastal Cutthroat Trout And Coho Salmon Over Fifteen Years In A Salmon-Bearing Stream In The Salish Sea, Anne-Marie Flores, Morgan M. Davies, Katrina Kushneryk, Pippi T.E.S. Lawn, Sibylla Helms, Hanna M. Thomson, Kyle R. Nelson, Christopher W. Burns, Steven Roias, Travis G. Gerwing Nov 2021

Declines Of Juvenile Coastal Cutthroat Trout And Coho Salmon Over Fifteen Years In A Salmon-Bearing Stream In The Salish Sea, Anne-Marie Flores, Morgan M. Davies, Katrina Kushneryk, Pippi T.E.S. Lawn, Sibylla Helms, Hanna M. Thomson, Kyle R. Nelson, Christopher W. Burns, Steven Roias, Travis G. Gerwing

Western North American Naturalist

Pacific salmon are ecologically, economically, and culturally important species indigenous to British Columbia, Canada. Unfortunately, some populations of Pacific salmon have been declining due to climate change, habitat loss, overfishing, and anthropogenic development. As such, considerable resources have been invested to study, restore, protect, and monitor Pacific salmon and their habitat. Since 2004, Lyall Creek, a salmon-bearing stream in the Salish Sea in British Columbia, Canada, has been monitored. Using 2-pass electrofishing, we investigated changes in observed densities over 15 years (2004–2019) for juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and juvenile coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) …

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Trichloroethylene Remediation By Engineered Soil Bacteria, Madeline Hannah Mclaughlin Armond Nov 2021

Trichloroethylene Remediation By Engineered Soil Bacteria, Madeline Hannah Mclaughlin Armond

Theses and Dissertations

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a toxic pollutant that has become a widespread problem by seeping into groundwater across the developed world. Clean-up of sites contaminated with TCE is extremely difficult due to the absence of an efficient and cost-effective method for clean-up. Bioremediation efforts include a variety of potential microbial candidates with various metabolic capabilities as clean up options of contaminated sites. Cupriavidus necator, a soil bacterium was found to possess the ability to degrade TCE via a phenol-dependent pathway. Previous research by Ayoubi and Harker (1998) created a strain (MM02) capable of constitutive TCE degradation but the underlying genetic alteration …

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Lichens And Allied Fungi Of The North Fork Nooksack River Valley Bottom, Whatcom County, Washington: Important Biodiversity In A High-Use Area, Jessica L. Allen, R. Troy Mcmullin Nov 2021

Lichens And Allied Fungi Of The North Fork Nooksack River Valley Bottom, Whatcom County, Washington: Important Biodiversity In A High-Use Area, Jessica L. Allen, R. Troy Mcmullin

Western North American Naturalist

The North Fork of the Nooksack River is the northernmost river in Washington State. It is located on the western slope of the North Cascade Mountains and runs east to west near the Canadian border. Here we report the findings of a lichen and allied fungi survey of the valley bottom conducted in 2019. One hundred and forty-five species were documented from 69 genera, increasing the number of species known from this area to 153 in 71 genera. Six species are reported for the first time from Washington State: Abrothallus santessonii (D. Hawksw.) Suija, D. Hawksw. & Pérez-Ort.; Gyalectaria diluta …

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Distribution, Habitat Affinities, And Conservation Of Prairie Moonwort (Botrychium Campestre) On Its Northern Range Limit, Vladimir Kricsfalusy Nov 2021

Distribution, Habitat Affinities, And Conservation Of Prairie Moonwort (Botrychium Campestre) On Its Northern Range Limit, Vladimir Kricsfalusy

Western North American Naturalist

Prairie moonwort (Botrychium campestre W.H. Wagner & D.R. Farrar) from the adder’s tongue family (Ophioglossaceae) is a rare plant species in North America with a NatureServe designation of G3N2 (Globally Vulnerable, Nationally Imperiled). The species reaches its northern distribution limit in Saskatchewan, Canada. The range of B. campestre is described here from literature, herbarium data, and field studies. Two newly discovered peripheral populations are reported, and their habitats are characterized in detail. One of the new occurrences was monitored over a multiyear period, and changes in population and vegetation cover are described. Possible threats to the newest occurrences are …

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Record Of Nesting And Fledgling Depredation On Crested Caracara (Caracara Cheriway) In Its Peri-Urban Habitat In The Guadalajara Metropolitan Area, West-Central Mexico, Perla Sugey González-Ruelas, Zayra Arery Guadalupe Muñoz-González, Ana Luisa Santiago-Pérez, Luis Fernando Ramírez-López, Claudia Aurora Uribe-Mú, Verónica Carolina Rosas-Espinoza Nov 2021

Record Of Nesting And Fledgling Depredation On Crested Caracara (Caracara Cheriway) In Its Peri-Urban Habitat In The Guadalajara Metropolitan Area, West-Central Mexico, Perla Sugey González-Ruelas, Zayra Arery Guadalupe Muñoz-González, Ana Luisa Santiago-Pérez, Luis Fernando Ramírez-López, Claudia Aurora Uribe-Mú, Verónica Carolina Rosas-Espinoza

Western North American Naturalist

Urban settings represent a challenge to most bird species, although some raptors seem to adjust to new urban environments. The Crested Caracara (Caracara cheriway) is known as an urban-tolerant species. Though caracaras are resident in west-central Mexico, there is no information about the species’ distribution, reproduction, and nesting within a metropolis such as Guadalajara. This species was using the peri-urban setting of the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area (GMA) to hunt, breed, construct its nests, and care for juveniles. To our knowledge, this is the first reported record of it breeding in a peri-urban setting in Mexico. On 15 February …

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Biology Of Alniphagus Aspericollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) In Alnus Tenuifolia In Northern Idaho And Notes On Alniphagus Hirsutus, Malcolm M. Furniss, Sandra J. Kegley Nov 2021

Biology Of Alniphagus Aspericollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) In Alnus Tenuifolia In Northern Idaho And Notes On Alniphagus Hirsutus, Malcolm M. Furniss, Sandra J. Kegley

Western North American Naturalist

The biology of Alniphagus aspericollis (LeConte) was studied in thinleaf alder (Alnus tenuifolia Nutt.) in northern Idaho. Infested alders were mature and dying from infection by a white rot fungus, Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél. The beetle is monogamous and has one generation per year, with broods overlapping in developmental stages throughout summer. Alniphagus aspercollis individuals passed winter as larvae and sexually immature brood adults, some of which overwintered in short hibernation galleries. Beetles emerged in May to create a new generation. Egg galleries were short, with closely spaced, elongate larval mines. Larvae passed through 4 instars before pupating. New …

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Sexual Dimorphism In Titi Monkeys’ Digit (2d:4d) Ratio Is Associated With Maternal Urinary Sex Hormones During Pregnancy, Alexander Baxter, Elizabeth K. Wood, Lynea R. Witczak, Karen L. Bales, James Dee Higley Nov 2021

Sexual Dimorphism In Titi Monkeys’ Digit (2d:4d) Ratio Is Associated With Maternal Urinary Sex Hormones During Pregnancy, Alexander Baxter, Elizabeth K. Wood, Lynea R. Witczak, Karen L. Bales, James Dee Higley

Faculty Publications

The second-to-fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio is a sexually-dimorphic biomarker for prenatal sex hormone exposure. We investigated whether titi monkeys (Plecturocebus cupreus) exhibit sexually-dimorphic 2D:4D ratio, and whether variation in 2D:4D ratio correlates with maternal testosterone and estrogen levels during early pregnancy. Subjects were 61 adult titi monkeys (32 males, 29 females). For 26 subjects, maternal urine samples were collected approximately 15–20 weeks before birth and assayed for testosterone and estrone conjugate (E1C). Titi monkeys exhibited a human-like pattern of sexual dimorphism in right-hand 2D:4D ratio, with females exhibiting higher 2D:4D ratio than males (β = −0.29, p = .023). For …

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Very Young Child Survivors’ Perceptions Of Their Father’S Suicide: Exploring Bibliotherapy As Postvention Support, Cortland L. Watson, Elizabeth Cutrer, Melissa A. Heath, Erica E. Miller, Terrell A. Young, Suzanne Wilson Oct 2021

Very Young Child Survivors’ Perceptions Of Their Father’S Suicide: Exploring Bibliotherapy As Postvention Support, Cortland L. Watson, Elizabeth Cutrer, Melissa A. Heath, Erica E. Miller, Terrell A. Young, Suzanne Wilson

Faculty Publications

Each year in the United States, 7000 to 30,000 children experience their parent’s suicide. Due to the stigma associated with suicide, feelings of guilt, and intense grief, surviving family members avoid talking about suicide. Over time, children struggle with confusion and intense emotions associated with their parent’s suicide. In this study, seven adults, who reported being younger than six years old at the time of their father’s suicide, participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Participants’ responses highlight the challenges that young children face due to limited memories of their deceased parent. Interviews concluded with an opportunity for participants to review and …

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Front Matter, Vol. 81 No. 3 Oct 2021

Front Matter, Vol. 81 No. 3

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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End Matter, Vol. 81 No. 3 Oct 2021

End Matter, Vol. 81 No. 3

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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