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Predicting Dyadic Congruence In Retirement Plans Among Middle Aged Couples: Examining The Roles Of Marital Quality, Education, And Expected Reliance On Social Security, Benjamin Malczyk, Dr. Jeremy Yorgason Aug 2013

Predicting Dyadic Congruence In Retirement Plans Among Middle Aged Couples: Examining The Roles Of Marital Quality, Education, And Expected Reliance On Social Security, Benjamin Malczyk, Dr. Jeremy Yorgason

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Although there are many studies examining couple’s financial preparation for retirement, there are relatively few examining how couples expect to use their time in retirement. This does not undermine the importance of how coupes plan to use their time. Research has shown that leisure time usage was a bigger challenge than finances for retired couples (Henry, Milller, & Giarrusso, 2005). Our research examined how middle-aged couples planned to spend their time in retirement and to answer three specific questions: 1. What do midlife couples plan to do when they retire? 2. Do wives and husbands have the same plans about …

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Analyzing The Gap Between Actual And Perceived Body Size And Its Association With Weight Control Among High School Aged Girls, Erin Moore, Dr. Renata Forste Aug 2013

Analyzing The Gap Between Actual And Perceived Body Size And Its Association With Weight Control Among High School Aged Girls, Erin Moore, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My ORCA grant was used in a statistical examination using data from the 2001-2002 Health Behaviors in School-age Children, a nationally representative survey measuring children and adolescents on a variety of health-related behaviors and attitudes. With these data, I explored the effects of a discrepancy between actual and perceived body size on various types of weight control behaviors. I also took into account the influences of the sociocultural pressures of family, peers, and media, and also the influence of pubertal development. This examination focused on adolescent girls in 9th and 10th grade in the United States; it yielded a number …

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Aboriginal Cultural Resilience: A Community Ethnography In Utopia, Jaren Meldrum, Dr. Todd L. Goodsell Aug 2013

Aboriginal Cultural Resilience: A Community Ethnography In Utopia, Jaren Meldrum, Dr. Todd L. Goodsell

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Most rural indigenous communities in Australia have an abnormally high frequency of tobacco and alcohol use, domestic violence, and gambling, the prevalence of which can be seen as a result of an anomic loss of cultural identity in the postcolonial era (O’Connor 1984; Johnston and Thomas 2008). Decades of national-level statistics describe a shorter life expectancy, less education, and an overall decreased quality of life for indigenous Australians compared to their non-indigenous peers. Recently, the issue of Australian Commonwealth policy to close the “Aboriginal achievement gap” has gained increased attention, particularly due to Prime Minister Kevin Rudd’s 2008 landmark “Sorry …

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Community Development In Rural Mexico: Observations On Leadership And Community, Matthew Cox, Dr. Ralph Brown Aug 2013

Community Development In Rural Mexico: Observations On Leadership And Community, Matthew Cox, Dr. Ralph Brown

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Within the field of community development, there are various opinions of what qualities or characteristics define a developed community. Each of these definitions varies depending on the academic or professional sector in which it is found. This research began based on the hypothesis inherent in Flora and Flora’s Community Capitals Framework (CCF), which posits that a community’s connections to resources such as people, organizations, and physical resources within seven capital areas endows it with greater potential for development. Therefore, this research attempted to outline the connections present in a handful of rural communities in central Mexico, in order to determine …

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The Growth Of Women’S Clinics And Hospital Based Women’S Services 1980-2000, Jessica Callahan, Dr. Marie Cornwall Aug 2013

The Growth Of Women’S Clinics And Hospital Based Women’S Services 1980-2000, Jessica Callahan, Dr. Marie Cornwall

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The 1960s showed marked improvements in the realm of decreasing the inequality gap between men and women. However, in the area of healthcare, women felt that there was a disconnect between themselves and the way that their bodies were being treated. Doctors spent little time with their patients and did not believe in sharing vital health information with their patients; doctors often thought that if they did so, their patients would fantasize health problems that they did not actually have as side effects of treatment (Morgen 2002).

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Financial Declines, Financial Behaviors, And Relationship Satisfaction During The Recession, Jeffrey P. Dew, Jing Jian Xiao Aug 2013

Financial Declines, Financial Behaviors, And Relationship Satisfaction During The Recession, Jeffrey P. Dew, Jing Jian Xiao

Faculty Publications

Using nationally-representative data collected during the summer of 2009 (N = 575), this study examines how reports of financial declines are associated with financial behaviors and how financial behaviors are associated with relationship satisfaction among cohabiting and married participants. Findings suggested that financial declines were only negatively associated with sound financial management behavior if participants also experienced feelings of economic pressure. Sound financial management behavior was found to be positively associated with marital satisfaction. Finally, sound financial management behavior also moderated the association between financial declines, economic pressure, and relationship satisfaction.

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I Tie Flies In My Sleep: An Autoethnographic Examination Of Recreation And Reintegration For A Veteran With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Warren D. Price Jul 2013

I Tie Flies In My Sleep: An Autoethnographic Examination Of Recreation And Reintegration For A Veteran With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Warren D. Price

Theses and Dissertations

This autoethnographic account details the author's ongoing struggle with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and how leisure was integral to his journey toward recovery. By showing the mental and emotional struggles of life with the disorder, this paper offers an alternative viewpoint from the traditional scientific studies of PTSD which bury soldier's voices under layers of analysis. The purpose of this paper is to deepen and expand an understanding of both combat-related PTSD and the power of leisure in an individual's recovery from combat trauma

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Marital Satisfaction And Depressive Symptoms In China, Richard B. Miller, Tiffany M. Mason, Jerevie M. Canlas, Dahua Wang, David A. Nelson, Craig H. Hart Jul 2013

Marital Satisfaction And Depressive Symptoms In China, Richard B. Miller, Tiffany M. Mason, Jerevie M. Canlas, Dahua Wang, David A. Nelson, Craig H. Hart

Faculty Publications

Although there is substantial evidence that low marital satisfaction is a significant risk factor for depression, little research has examined this relationship in cultures outside of the U.S. and Europe. The validity of the marital discord model of depression in Chinese culture was tested by studying 391 couples living in Beijing and Hangzhou, China. Results of structural equation modeling using an actor–partner interdependence model strategy indicated that husbands’ and wives’ marital satisfaction was significantly predictive of their own depressive symptoms. In addition, wives’ marital satisfaction significantly predicted husbands’ depressive symptoms. These results provide evidence that the marital discord model of …

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Zofia Stryjeńska: Women In The Warsaw Town Square. Our Lady, Peasant Mother, Pagan Goddess, Katelyn Mckenzie Sheffield Jul 2013

Zofia Stryjeńska: Women In The Warsaw Town Square. Our Lady, Peasant Mother, Pagan Goddess, Katelyn Mckenzie Sheffield

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis I consider the unique position that Polish artist Zofia Stryjeńska (1891-1974) occupied during the interwar period. Lauded during her time as the most popular artist in Poland, the acceptance of Stryjeńska's female voice in representing a national vocabulary was unprecedented and deserves closer examination. I assert that Poland's history of oppression created a unique environment where women as archetypal figures often took on masculine roles. These 'transgressive types' were visible in the literature and art of the 19th and 20th centuries. Stryjeńska's art, as well as her behavior, capitalized on these transgressive traditions. Women played an important …

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The Paradox Of Social Capital And The Rural Poor's Relationship With Their Communities, Brady A. Currit Jul 2013

The Paradox Of Social Capital And The Rural Poor's Relationship With Their Communities, Brady A. Currit

Theses and Dissertations

Is increased access to social capital associated with a lower likelihood of poverty? Using data from a survey of nearly 10,000 residents of Iowa taken in 1994 and again in 2004, this study seeks to understand what types of social capital are associated with higher or lower likelihood of poverty at both the community and individual levels. Results suggest that higher bonding social capital at both levels is associated with a higher likelihood of poverty. The inverse of this relationship is found between bridging social capital and poverty. Although high bonding is generally an asset, when combined with low levels …

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Adult Second Language Learners' Social Network Development And Perceived Fluency Gain In An Immersion Environment, Marie Naomi Bejarano Jul 2013

Adult Second Language Learners' Social Network Development And Perceived Fluency Gain In An Immersion Environment, Marie Naomi Bejarano

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the social networks developed by language learners and their relationship with perceived changes in the learners' fluency in the context of an intensive English as a second language (ESL) program. Using data from the Study Abroad Social Interaction Questionnaire (SASIQ) to determine SN development and native speaker ratings to determine perceived fluency, a simple linear regression to test the relationship between social network variables and fluency gain, as well as a hierarchical regression measuring (a) the combined effect of variables previously found to be significant in fluency gain, and (b) the additional joint effect of the remaining …

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Should I Stay Or Should I Go?: Race, Education And Statusattainment Before The Nba, Christian Evers Yost Jul 2013

Should I Stay Or Should I Go?: Race, Education And Statusattainment Before The Nba, Christian Evers Yost

Theses and Dissertations

Extracurricular activities have long been recognized as a socializing agent fostering subsequent life achievements and success orientations in the status attainment process. In particular, minorities and disadvantaged high school students who may not succeed in traditional academic classes benefit greatly from extracurricular activities, especially sports. In the case of basketball, young Black males are more likely to both participate in basketball as an extracurricular activity and pursue a career as a professional basketball player than their White peers, even to the detriment of their formal education. This thesis uses the Wisconsin Status-Attainment model as a framework for examining the extent …

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A Longitudinal View Of The Association Between Therapist Behaviors And Couples' In-Session Process: An Observational Pilot Study Of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy, Lori Kay Schade Jul 2013

A Longitudinal View Of The Association Between Therapist Behaviors And Couples' In-Session Process: An Observational Pilot Study Of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy, Lori Kay Schade

Theses and Dissertations

This is a longitudinal couples therapy process study using coded data from eleven couples to identify which therapist behaviors (warmth, listener responsiveness, communication, dominance) influenced positive couples exchanges (warmth and listener responsiveness) over time in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFT). A mixed effects model was used to examine within- and between-individual variability. Men and women were modeled separately. A series of two-level multilevel models of change were examined, where Time is Level 1 and Individual is Level 2. Results indicated no significant relationship between variables of therapist warmth, listener responsiveness, communication, and dominance with couple listener responsiveness. Where client warmth …

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Conflict Resolution Styles As Mediators Of Female Childhood Sexual Abuse Experience And Couple Relationship Satisfaction And Stability In Adulthood, Ashlee Elizabeth Sloan Jul 2013

Conflict Resolution Styles As Mediators Of Female Childhood Sexual Abuse Experience And Couple Relationship Satisfaction And Stability In Adulthood, Ashlee Elizabeth Sloan

Theses and Dissertations

Post-traumatic stress theory applied to the experience of female incestuous childhood sexual abuse survivors (ICSA) suggests that the trauma may result in negative psychological consequences affecting relationships in adulthood. This study sought to explore the relational consequences of ICSA, specifically focusing on conflict resolution styles (CRS), relationship satisfaction, and relationship stability. This research used data from the RELATionship Evaluation questionnaire. Participants included 487 heterosexual couples in which only the female partner experienced ICSA compared to a comparison group of 1827 couples in which neither partner experienced ICSA. Analyses tested for differences in the frequencies of reported CRS (Gottman 1994) for …

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Attachment And Covert Relational Aggression In Marriagewith Shame As A Potential Moderating Variable: A Two Wave Panel Study, Charity Elaine Clifford Jun 2013

Attachment And Covert Relational Aggression In Marriagewith Shame As A Potential Moderating Variable: A Two Wave Panel Study, Charity Elaine Clifford

Theses and Dissertations

Using a two-wave APIM Structural Equation Model, this study investigated how husband and wife attachment styles predict husband and wife covert relational aggression one year later with husband and wife shame as potential moderating variables. Data was taken from 308 married couples in waves three and four of the Flourishing Families project using self-report and partner report of spouse questionnaires. Findings showed that an individual's attachment insecurity predicts their use of relational aggression. Wives' relational aggression is predicted by an increase in husbands' relational aggression. An increase in wives' insecure attachment had less of an impact on husbands' relationally aggressive …

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Hovering Parents: Is Helicopter Parenting A Unique Form Of Parental Control?, Gregory Nichols, Dr. Laura Walker Jun 2013

Hovering Parents: Is Helicopter Parenting A Unique Form Of Parental Control?, Gregory Nichols, Dr. Laura Walker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Emerging adulthood is a stage of development encompassing the years between 18 and 25 during which individuals strive for self-reliance despite the instability in their education, employment, and housing status (Arnett, 2007).

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Sociology As Theodicy, Robert Meldau, Dr. Stan Knapp Jun 2013

Sociology As Theodicy, Robert Meldau, Dr. Stan Knapp

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project was to use the works of Freidrich Nietzsche, Max Weber, and Charles Taylor to construct a critique of Sociology. Our intention was to argue that Sociology (and all of social science) is a secularized theodicy; an attempt to explain why humans experience suffering. Using the works and ideas of these theorists, we believed we could formulate an argument that questions the legitimacy or correctness of social science’s desire to understand itself as a disinterested, objective endeavor. Our goal was to co-author a paper for publication in a major Sociological journal.

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Concepts Of Divine Action For A Theistic Approach To Psychology, Brent S. Melling Jun 2013

Concepts Of Divine Action For A Theistic Approach To Psychology, Brent S. Melling

Theses and Dissertations

Recent years have seen increased interest in using theism (the perspective that assumes that God is currently actively in the world) as a conceptual framework for scientific inquiry. This interest has built particular momentum in psychology where several scholars have expressed that traditional naturalistic approaches limit understanding and investigation of psychology's subject matter and thus are insufficient to fully account for human phenomena. Others have previously made the case for the consideration of theism as a legitimate alternative basis for psychological theory, research, and practice. This dissertation begins with that consideration and examines what would be required to move a …

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Stability And Change In Women's Personality Across The Life Course, Carly D. Lebaron Jun 2013

Stability And Change In Women's Personality Across The Life Course, Carly D. Lebaron

Theses and Dissertations

The current study sought to examine change and stability of personality in a sample of women over the course of 35 years. Existing research is mixed regarding whether or not personality changes over time or whether it remains stable. Using a sample of 187 women tracked over four time points (approximately 10 years between each time point), change and stability in openness to experience, extraversion, and neuroticism was tested using a stacked multilevel growth curve analysis. Four life course events (transition to parenthood, change in marital status, wife entering or leaving the workforce, and husband retiring) were added as predictors …

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Family Matters: Operationalization Of Intergenerational Educational Background, Elizabeth Warnick Jun 2013

Family Matters: Operationalization Of Intergenerational Educational Background, Elizabeth Warnick

Theses and Dissertations

This study seeks to replicate and extend Roksa and Potter's (2011) analysis of the association between intergenerational family background and academic outcomes by utilizing the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 to examine alternative methods for operationalizing maternal educational background. Results indicate a positive association between maternal upward mobility and adolescent academic achievement. Measures of mobility affect adolescent achievement even when controlling for both mother's and maternal grandmother's educational attainment. Future research should examine the differential impact of extreme mobility, specifically downward mobility, on adolescent academic outcomes.

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Links Between High Economic Distress And School Engagement As Mediated Through Negative Marital Interaction And Parental Involvement, Lauren Alyssa Bone Barnes Jun 2013

Links Between High Economic Distress And School Engagement As Mediated Through Negative Marital Interaction And Parental Involvement, Lauren Alyssa Bone Barnes

Theses and Dissertations

A review of research on family economic distress and its association with teen well-being shows a clear need to expand our knowledge about the connections between economic distress and key teen outcomes. Economic distress can act as an unexpected negative shock to the family system and can influence parent relationship quality, functioning, and involvement in children's lives. In turn, changes in systemic quality, functioning, and involvement can impact adolescents positively or negatively. Using observational coding and questionnaire self-report, this study examined the relationship between economic distress and negative marital interaction and the impact this has on parental involvement as a …

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Reconceiving A Necessary Evil: Teaching A Transferable Fyc Research Paper, Samuel James Dunn Jun 2013

Reconceiving A Necessary Evil: Teaching A Transferable Fyc Research Paper, Samuel James Dunn

Theses and Dissertations

The place of the research paper in first-year composition (FYC) courses is often debated in composition forums. Many argue that the a-disciplinary nature of FYC doesn't allow instructors to teach the research paper in a way that will be transferable to disciplinary writing tasks, while others say that it is possible, as long as we have a thorough understanding of the kinds of writing tasks students will face in the disciplines and specifically teach writing skills that will be transferable. To identify these more generalizable writing skills to be emphasized, I interviewed 14 professors at Brigham Young University from different …

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Kierkegaard And A Pedagogy Of Liminality, Sylvia Mcmillan Jun 2013

Kierkegaard And A Pedagogy Of Liminality, Sylvia Mcmillan

Theses and Dissertations

There is a strain of curriculum theory especially since the reconceptionalist movement that applies existential philosophy to educational issues and questions. There is also a related branch of curriculum theory that looks especially at existentialist theology to cast light on curriculum issues from a more religious slant. Both of these strains of analysis are rooted in Kierkegaard, the father of existentialism and existential theology (Huebner, 1999; Tillich, 1948). The educational implications of the works of Kierkegaard are a subject that has been virtually unexamined in either educational or Kierkegaardian scholarship except by two scholars whose works are already 40 years …

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Personality And Performance: An Examination Of Relationships Between Personality,Character Traits, And Performance Among Wilderness Field Guides, John David Bishoff Jun 2013

Personality And Performance: An Examination Of Relationships Between Personality,Character Traits, And Performance Among Wilderness Field Guides, John David Bishoff

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between job performance of wilderness and adventure therapy (WAT) field guides and personality traits. Specifically, this study utilized the NEO-PI-R to assess personality and the Field Guide Performance Evaluation (FGPE) to assess job performance. Job performance was measured by managers, peers, and WAT participants. The sample consisted of 89 personality assessments, gathered from both the U.S. and Canada. Ordinary least squares regression analysis indicated there was a non-significant relationship between field guide job performance and personality. Findings provide implications for WAT practitioners seeking the most qualified field guides possible.

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Emotional Involvement With Grandparents As A Key Component Of Prosocial Development: Testing Empathic Concern As A Mediator, Kathryn Leigh Bunnell Gustafson Jun 2013

Emotional Involvement With Grandparents As A Key Component Of Prosocial Development: Testing Empathic Concern As A Mediator, Kathryn Leigh Bunnell Gustafson

Theses and Dissertations

Current research shows that grandparents have made significant contributions to at-risk families. However, few studies have examined the benefits of grandparenting in non-at-risk populations. This study considered whether emotional involvement with a grandparent is associated with prosocial behavior in adolescent grandchildren and examines the mediating role of empathy and perspective taking. A longitudinal sample of 500 participants were taken from waves two thru five of the Flourishing Families Project (FFP) and used to construct a latent growth curve model. Results indicate that emotional involvement with a grandparent was positively linked with initial levels of prosocial behavior in grandchildren. Furthermore, results …

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Judeo-Spanish In Thessaloniki: A Survey Of The Speakers Of The Dialect Today, Randall Craig Meister, Dr. David Eddington Jun 2013

Judeo-Spanish In Thessaloniki: A Survey Of The Speakers Of The Dialect Today, Randall Craig Meister, Dr. David Eddington

Journal of Undergraduate Research

“Pero Salonik no kanta mas1,” said an elderly speaker of Judeo-­‐Spanish in Thessaloniki, as she reflected with me during a discussion concerning her life as a Sephardic Jew after World War II. This expression embodies the historical and cultural awareness of the dwindling Judeo-­‐Spanish speaking Sephardic community in Thessaloniki, Greece2. After 500 years of prevalence in Thessaloniki, Greece, the Spanish-­‐ peaking Sephardic Jews have endured centuries of Muslim rule, Greek cultural assimilation, a horrific Holocaust, and starkly diversified linguistic exposure. This plethora of diversity and circumstances has created a dwindling community of speakers, but a community, …

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Rugby: A Mechanism For Global Diversification Through Player Migration And The Displacement Of Resources, Heather Williams, Dr. Mikaela Dufur Jun 2013

Rugby: A Mechanism For Global Diversification Through Player Migration And The Displacement Of Resources, Heather Williams, Dr. Mikaela Dufur

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of our research was to discover the ethnic and racial patterns of migration in the professional levels of rugby.

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Division Of Labor And Marital Satisfaction In China And Taiwan, Bryan C. Kubricht Jun 2013

Division Of Labor And Marital Satisfaction In China And Taiwan, Bryan C. Kubricht

Theses and Dissertations

There is evidence that household division of labor is associated with marital satisfaction among Chinese populations. However, little research has compared different Chinese societies, as well as non-rural and rural regions. This study compared the division of household labor, and its association with marital satisfaction, between China and Taiwan, between non-rural and rural regions, and between males and females using data from a large, multinational study of countries in East Asia. The moderating effect of gender role ideology was examined as a potential moderating variable, as well. Overall, division of household labor was significantly associated with marital satisfaction. However, gender …

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The Effect Of Prenatal And Postnatal Care On Childhood Obesity, Michael M. O. Seipel, Kevin Shafer Jun 2013

The Effect Of Prenatal And Postnatal Care On Childhood Obesity, Michael M. O. Seipel, Kevin Shafer

Faculty Publications

Childhood obesity continues to be a major public health problem in the United States. If this problem is unresolved, some children will be at risk for disorders such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cancer and will become a high economic and social burden for society. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, Child and Young Adult sample (N = 6,643), this study examined the relationship between the effect of pre- and postnatal characteristics and obesity. The findings of this study show that the probability of childhood obesity can be lessened if pregnant women do not smoke and …

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The Relationship Between Video Game Use And Couple Attachment Behaviors In Committed Romantic Relationships, Jamie Mcclellan Smith Jun 2013

The Relationship Between Video Game Use And Couple Attachment Behaviors In Committed Romantic Relationships, Jamie Mcclellan Smith

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines whether the single or shared leisure activity of video gaming or a report of it as a problem is negatively related to couple attachment behaviors (accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement). The model suggests that individual frequency of violent video game use, individual frequency of nonviolent video game use, and couple video game use frequency predict negative couple attachment behaviors. In addition, video game playing that is perceived as a problem in the relationship serves as a mediator variable in the model. Data were collected using the Relationship Evaluation questionnaire (RELATE). The sample includes 2,112 couples who reported seriously …

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