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Do Grandparents Matter? The Relationship Between Emotional Closeness And Adolescent Prosocial Behavior, Jami Jackson, Dr. Jeremy Yorgason Aug 2013

Do Grandparents Matter? The Relationship Between Emotional Closeness And Adolescent Prosocial Behavior, Jami Jackson, Dr. Jeremy Yorgason

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Grandparental emotional closeness is important for both grandparents and grandchildren (e.g. Bowers & Myers, 1999; Drew & Silverstein, 2007; Crosnoe & Elder, 2002). However, in many of the studies given, the measure of intergenerational closeness has come from the grandparent (e.g. Fingerman, 2004; Drew & Silverstein, 2007). In cases where the measure has come from the perspective of the grandchild, much of the data have been collected from college‐aged young adults (Dubas, 2001; Harwood, 2001). The purpose of this study is to measure adolescents’ reports of emotional closeness to a grandparent, and to study the relationship between grandparental closeness and …

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Pornography Use In Non-Clinical Couples: Basic Frequencies From The Flourishing Families Project, Stephanie Blickfeldt, Dr. Randal D. Day Aug 2013

Pornography Use In Non-Clinical Couples: Basic Frequencies From The Flourishing Families Project, Stephanie Blickfeldt, Dr. Randal D. Day

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Purpose Pundits, popular press, political groups, and religious organizations make the claim that the current rate of pornography use is a determinant to society and individuals in family life (Kretchmer & Carveth, 2001). Due to the concerns expressed by such figures and my own personal concerns with the seemingly increasing rates of pornography use through the internet, my professor and I found it important to explore its actual presence. Through this venture, I was personally responsible for completing an extensive review of literature to discover what past social science research has contributed to this subject.

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Over The Individualism Wall: Creating An Ubuntu Community At Immaculate Conception Catholic Parish, Jordan Layton, Dr. Jeremy Grimshaw Aug 2013

Over The Individualism Wall: Creating An Ubuntu Community At Immaculate Conception Catholic Parish, Jordan Layton, Dr. Jeremy Grimshaw

Journal of Undergraduate Research

As I near my host family’s neighborhood, the streets become constraining tunnels. Lining the curbs are wall after wall of concrete above my head, topped with razor wires, electric lines, or metal spikes. The only breaks to the walled monotony are tall, jail-like gates. Shutting the automatic gate behind me instills the intentional impression of exclusion from the outside. Privacy and security of walled homes is increasingly sought after, even in townships where resistance to apartheid once forged strong communal unity. Here, such walls are also signs of community rejection. Both anthropologists and politicians have noted a decline in sense …

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The Wired Generation: Academic And Social Outcomes, Wade Jacobsen, Dr. Renata Forste Aug 2013

The Wired Generation: Academic And Social Outcomes, Wade Jacobsen, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Electronic media (EM) include social networking sites (SNS), instant messaging (IM), text messaging, email, television and movies, and video and online games. Though the use of these devices has recently exploded among college students, little research has been conducted to explore the influence they have on academic performance and face to face social interaction. We addressed this gap in the literature using survey research methods. First, we constructed an internet survey using Qualtrics online survey software. We distributed the survey, including a short questionnaire and three day time log, to all entry level and transfer students in their first year …

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Are We Making A Difference? The Effects Of Club Membership On Youth Attitudes And Behavior, Collin Flake, Dr. Renata Forste Aug 2013

Are We Making A Difference? The Effects Of Club Membership On Youth Attitudes And Behavior, Collin Flake, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

After several discussions with my faculty mentor and a thorough review of the existing research, I set out to examine the effectiveness of after school programs in Utah, specifically the Boys and Girls Clubs of the Greater Salt Lake area. The purpose of my research is twofold. The first is to identify the complex behavioral, academic, and mental and physical health issues that challenge youth from disadvantaged backgrounds. The second is to evaluate the effectiveness of current community programs in addressing these issues.

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Ambivalent Sexism And The Law: The Myth Of Gender Equality, Jennifer Edgley, Dr. Niwako Yamawaki Aug 2013

Ambivalent Sexism And The Law: The Myth Of Gender Equality, Jennifer Edgley, Dr. Niwako Yamawaki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The women’s liberation movement of the sixties and seventies has ushered in several important social and political changes in the United States. Gender inequality, however, remains an enduring problem in various institutions (Lips, 2007). The theory of Ambivalent Sexism conceptualizes and may be the key to understanding the residual occurrences of gender inequality within social institutions. Theorists Glick and Fiske (1996) believe that prejudice, though traditionally considered to be antipathy towards a certain group (Allport, 1954), can contain both positive and negative features. They contend that sexism is not simply hostility towards women, but also subjectively positive behavior toward women. …

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Images Of The Modern Day Family, Leslie Duke, Richard Hull Aug 2013

Images Of The Modern Day Family, Leslie Duke, Richard Hull

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This project was an exciting exploration into the realms of both art and society. Originally, as was stated in my grant proposal, the goal of this project was to create a series of narrative illustrations depicting the dynamics of the modern day family, particularly focusing on the urban families of New York City. These illustrations were to be completed using visual research, such as sketches, on-site paintings and photographs, taken in New York City.

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Teaching Kindness To Parents Of School Children In Paraguay, Mark L. Elliott, Wesley R. Burr Aug 2013

Teaching Kindness To Parents Of School Children In Paraguay, Mark L. Elliott, Wesley R. Burr

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In May of 1996, I traveled to South America to teach a family life education course to parents in Paraguay. In the months preceding the trip, I sent packets of information to various public secondary schools in the area around the capital of Asuncion, offering a family enrichment course at no cost. After selecting a school, arrangements were made for school administrators to provide a classroom and needed materials for instruction.

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Longitudinal Effects Of Family Structure Changes On The Academic Performance Of High School Students, Varden E. Hadfield, Dr. Joseph A. Olsen Aug 2013

Longitudinal Effects Of Family Structure Changes On The Academic Performance Of High School Students, Varden E. Hadfield, Dr. Joseph A. Olsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Extensive cross-sectional research has examined marital status and family composition and their effects on academic performance. Many cross-sectional studies have found moderate correlations between family structure and both grades and test scores. A few studies have found when race and socioeconomic status are controlled, correlations remain for only certain family types. However, after a thorough library computer index search and Internet National Educational Longitudinal Study index search, ill studies located were cross-sectional and focused on specific aspects of family structure, without time order data to provide evidence for causation.

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Siblings Of Children With Special Needs: Uplifts, Coping, And Stressors, Jesse A. Bingham, Melinda Buchanan, Dr. Susanne F. Olsen, Elaine S. Sorensen Aug 2013

Siblings Of Children With Special Needs: Uplifts, Coping, And Stressors, Jesse A. Bingham, Melinda Buchanan, Dr. Susanne F. Olsen, Elaine S. Sorensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

When a family includes one or more children with special needs every family member is affected by the challenges related to that chronic disability. In the past, research has focused on the child and his or her disability as pathological, whereas today it is acknowledged that many families are able to function positively and adapt well to daily life with a child with special needs. 1

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Understanding Student Ethnic Identity In Schools, Carol Ann Litster, Dr. Erin Feinauer Whiting Aug 2013

Understanding Student Ethnic Identity In Schools, Carol Ann Litster, Dr. Erin Feinauer Whiting

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study was to understand the tensions Latino students feel in understanding their ethnic and academic identity and what motivates these students to do well in school. Using Latinos in Action as a case study, we uncover tensions for high school students’ identity development in the context as a minority ethnic group in a white community. Programs that foster both academic and ethnic identity exploration such as Latinos in Action permit students the opportunity to have a safe place to explore their student identity. Through comprehending their situation, in their own words, we uncover their motivations, perceptions, …

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The Effects Of Race And Gender In The Hiring Practicies Of Elite Management Consulting Firms, Christopher L. Pitzak, Lynn England Aug 2013

The Effects Of Race And Gender In The Hiring Practicies Of Elite Management Consulting Firms, Christopher L. Pitzak, Lynn England

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of my research was essentially to evaluate the effects that race and gender have in the hiring practices of elite management consulting firms. I chose this industry because of the effect it has in today’s business world. Given the fact that management consuting is predominantly white male, I thought that an analysis of their hiring practices would offer an explanation as to its composition. Having studied race and gender related issues in the classroom, I was anxious to evaluate a real world industry and see how what I had learned in the classroom related to the real world.

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Folk Medicine In Communist Cuba, Eric Peterson, Lynn England Aug 2013

Folk Medicine In Communist Cuba, Eric Peterson, Lynn England

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I went to Cuba to do an ethnographic study of common folk medicine. My original intent was to focus on the traditional, home-remedies used by Cubans and the possible discovery of new homeopathic treatments for use in our society. What I discovered, along with a short list of herbal medicines, was a unique integration of folk medicine into the socialist health care system due to the existing political and economic situation.

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Do Perceptive People Have More Satisfied Spouses?, Kurt L. Olsson, Dr. James M. Harper Aug 2013

Do Perceptive People Have More Satisfied Spouses?, Kurt L. Olsson, Dr. James M. Harper

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The main objective of this research was to determine if there is a relationship between the level of satisfaction in a marriage and the accuracy with which the individuals could predict their spouses= perceptions. Attributional styles, or patterns, are those perceptual sets that tell us how to interpret events, especially their causes.1 For example, if a husband attributes the cause of a car accident to poor road conditions instead of feeling that his wife was driving recklessly, he has made an external attribution, assigning the cause to an external influence rather than an internal one. Many comparisons have been made …

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Factors That Influence A Woman’S Choice To Breast-Feed, Emily Lippincott, Dr. Renata Forste Aug 2013

Factors That Influence A Woman’S Choice To Breast-Feed, Emily Lippincott, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Breast-feeding is the healthiest way for a mother to ensure that her newborn child gets the best nutrition possible; in addition, breast milk provides maternal antibodies to the child that are highly effective in preventing disease (2). Hence the slogan “Breast is Best” was created to encourage mothers to breastfeed their children; unfortunately, there are still a larger number of women who have resisted this message and continue to choose other methods of feeding. For instance, white women are two times more likely to breast-feed than their black counterparts, and college educated women are three times more likely to breast-feed …

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Considering Covenants, Kelly Erickson, Dr. Alan J. Hawkins Aug 2013

Considering Covenants, Kelly Erickson, Dr. Alan J. Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In an effort to combat the no-fault divorce era and it=s social repercussions, two states, Louisiana and Arizona, have already passed a Covenant Marriage Law (CM). This law is meant to strengthen the marriage commitment from it=s inception by requiring the following conditions of couples who choose to participate in a Covenant Marriage: 1) that they have carefully chosen to marry and have disclosed any information that could adversely affect the relationship, 2) that they understand that the legal grounds for separation or divorce include adultery by the other spouse, felony and imprisonment, abandonment for one year, physical or sexual …

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Power Of Shame: The Moderating Effects Of Parental And Peer Connection On The Relationship Between Adolescent Shame And Depression, Self-Esteem, And Hope, Alexander L. Hsieh Aug 2013

Power Of Shame: The Moderating Effects Of Parental And Peer Connection On The Relationship Between Adolescent Shame And Depression, Self-Esteem, And Hope, Alexander L. Hsieh

Theses and Dissertations

Past research and views on shame have indicated that shame has detrimental effects for adolescent development. Little research has focused on the pathways in which shame may affect adolescent traits. Even less studies examine what variables may moderate the effects of shame. Using adolescent self-report questionnaires, this study examined the relationship between adolescent shame and depression, self-esteem, and hope. In addition, this study examined the moderating effect maternal, paternal, and best friend relationships have between shame and adolescent outcome variables. A structural equation moderation model analysis was fit to data from 307 two-parent families. The average age of adolescents for …

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A Speculative Approach To Parallelization In Particle Swarm Optimization, Matthew Gardner, Dr. Kevin Seppi Aug 2013

A Speculative Approach To Parallelization In Particle Swarm Optimization, Matthew Gardner, Dr. Kevin Seppi

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Optimization problems are ubiquitous in our modern world. Businesses such as Google need to decide where to place ads, scientists need to t models to data, and airlines need to schedule their flights. All of these problems are optimization problems, and optimization techniques can be used to find solutions. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a relatively new optimization technique that draws on ideas from the sociology of flocking birds. It was originally developed for use on a single machine, and attempts at modifying the algorithm to run in parallel are still quite preliminary. However, the problems people want to solve …

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Dar Al-Wefaq Women’S Shelter Needs Assessment, Annie Samhouri, Dr. Ralph Brown Aug 2013

Dar Al-Wefaq Women’S Shelter Needs Assessment, Annie Samhouri, Dr. Ralph Brown

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Jordan is considered one of the most progressive Arab states, yet only a handful of Jordan-specific research has been performed that address pertinent topics related to government programs that assist female victims of domestic violence. My original research project sought to identify the demographics of women that seek assistance at Dar Al-Wefaq battered women’s shelter. Identifying the demographics of beneficiaries would enable the Jordanian Ministry of Social Development to strengthen existing programs and better meet the needs of those that seek assistance at Dar Al-Wefaq. Using Dar Al-Wefaq as a case study, I initially planned to statistically analyze demographics such …

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What Works In Substance Abuse Treatment Programs For Offenders?, Amber Masters, Dr. Stephen Bahr Aug 2013

What Works In Substance Abuse Treatment Programs For Offenders?, Amber Masters, Dr. Stephen Bahr

Journal of Undergraduate Research

One of the major social problems in the United States is the prevalence of substance abuse. Eight percent of Americans age 12 and over used an illicit drug during the past month—9% of youths 12-17 and 20% of those 18-25 (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2009). Substance use is particularly common among individuals involved in the criminal justice system. Among prison inmates in the United States, 73% used drugs regularly prior to their incarceration (Petersilia, 2005). At the time inmates committed their latest offense, 50% were under the influence of alcohol or drugs (Karberg & James, 2005). From …

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Sustainable Development And Good Cheese: An Evaluation Of Choice Humanitarian And Hispanics In Philanthropy’S Goat Cheese Project In Tamaula And Huaricho, Mexico, Jeffrey Swindle, Dr. Tim Heaton Aug 2013

Sustainable Development And Good Cheese: An Evaluation Of Choice Humanitarian And Hispanics In Philanthropy’S Goat Cheese Project In Tamaula And Huaricho, Mexico, Jeffrey Swindle, Dr. Tim Heaton

Journal of Undergraduate Research

CHOICE Humanitarian and Hispanics in Philanthropy (HIP) partnered to support a local project proposal by villagers in Tamaula and Huaricho, Mexico to create small goat cheese factories in each of the villages. The goal of the project was to create jobs for villagers so that their communities develop despite their structural poverty and reliance on remittances.

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The Relationship Between Women’S Clinics And Hospitals Offering Women’S Services 1960-2000, Hayley Darchuck Aug 2013

The Relationship Between Women’S Clinics And Hospitals Offering Women’S Services 1960-2000, Hayley Darchuck

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The 1960s showed marked improvements in the realm of decreasing the inequality gap between men and women. For example, government acts called for equal pay and protected women against discrimination. However, in the area of healthcare, women felt that there was a disconnect between themselves and the way that their bodies were being treated. For instance, doctors were mainly male at this time, and in 1970, women only made up 7.6% of doctors in the United States (Weisman 1998). These doctors spent little time with their patients and did not believe in sharing vital health information with their patients; doctors …

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Maternal Education And Child Nutritional Status In Africa: Mediating Mechanisms, Kiira Fox, Dr. Renata Forste Aug 2013

Maternal Education And Child Nutritional Status In Africa: Mediating Mechanisms, Kiira Fox, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

While previous research indicates child stunting rates have decreased in the aggregate over the last few decades, malnutrition continues to account for over half of annual child deaths and the stunting of 226 million (Neumann et al.). As national inequality persists, even increasing in certain areas, higher rates of stunting have become concentrated within already disadvantaged populations (Minujin and Delamonica, 2004). Africa, for instance, has particularly low educational attainment, high rates of poverty, a lack of infrastructure and experiences stunting rates as high as 60% in certain areas (Neumann et al.). Although earlier studies have identified many dimensions of disadvantage …

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What’S Moral About Moral Reasoning: Dealing With Personal Versus Contrived Dilemmas, Lacey Nielson, Dr. Terry Olson Aug 2013

What’S Moral About Moral Reasoning: Dealing With Personal Versus Contrived Dilemmas, Lacey Nielson, Dr. Terry Olson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Moral reasoning is commonly assessed using the Defining Issues Test (DIT) by James Rest which correlates with Lawrence Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. The DIT presents contrived moral dilemmas with issue statements. In our study, we wanted to see if moral reasoning in real life situations, or lived experience, was qualitatively different in content from moral reasoning regarding DIT dilemmas.

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Transformative Processes In Marriage: Effects On Father-Adolescent Relationships, Brandon Mcdaniel, Dr. Erin Holmes Aug 2013

Transformative Processes In Marriage: Effects On Father-Adolescent Relationships, Brandon Mcdaniel, Dr. Erin Holmes

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Researchers suggest that marital processes and the father-child relationship are linked (Holmes, Duncan, Bair, & White, 2007). Unfortunately, much of this work focuses on negative marital processes. For example, low marital satisfaction, emotional distance between spouses, and high marital conflict undermine father involvement by increasing risk for divorce (Clements, Stanley, & Markman, 2004), lowering parenting quality (Erel & Burman, 1995), and decreasing child adjustment (Grych & Fincham, 2001).

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Parental Stress As A Mediator For Relationship Satisfaction And Child Well-Being Between Two Adult Developmental Groups, Heather Perkins, Dr. Brian Willoughby Aug 2013

Parental Stress As A Mediator For Relationship Satisfaction And Child Well-Being Between Two Adult Developmental Groups, Heather Perkins, Dr. Brian Willoughby

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the last 15 years, a new body of research has emerged looking specifically at the development of individuals between the ages of 18 to 25. Historically, this developmental period has been marked by the emergence of new responsibilities such as marriage and parenthood that are much less likely to occur for individuals of that age group today. Recent trends have shown that people are getting married and having children at later and later ages; using this time period instead as a time to gain an education, and form a self-identity (Arnett, 2010; Arnett, 2000; Arnett, 2007; Tanner book). Although …

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Two And A Half Men In A World Of Warcraft: Sexual And Violent Media’S Influence On Relationship Outcomes, Kaylee Dunn, Dr. Dean Busby Aug 2013

Two And A Half Men In A World Of Warcraft: Sexual And Violent Media’S Influence On Relationship Outcomes, Kaylee Dunn, Dr. Dean Busby

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study was to discover whether viewing higher levels of sexual and violent television and video games, negatively influences relationship quality with a significant romantic partner. Additionally we addressed the mediating effects of pornography behaviors and attitudes and individual characteristics to this association.

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The Use Of Antimicrobial Textiles In Heath Care, Mary Kent, Dr. Catherine Burnham Aug 2013

The Use Of Antimicrobial Textiles In Heath Care, Mary Kent, Dr. Catherine Burnham

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Antimicrobial textiles are on the cutting edge of fiber nanotechnology and are a new concept in the textile industry. Antimicrobial textiles are fabrics covered in a unique silver finish that helps to prevent infection. Research has repeatedly shown their effectiveness to prohibit growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and algae. This particular effect makes them applicable and very useful in the healthcare industry, and several different products such as dressings, masks, and gowns have been developed for healthcare use. Despite their shown effectiveness, before I started my own research, there was a dearth of information showing whether health care …

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Implications Of The Ratification Of The Convention On The Rights Of The Child, Alyssa Brown, Dr. Jenet Erickson Aug 2013

Implications Of The Ratification Of The Convention On The Rights Of The Child, Alyssa Brown, Dr. Jenet Erickson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Convention on the Rights of the Child is a United Nations treaty declaring the government’s duty to protect children and to provide for their material and immaterial needs, essentially seeking to protect children’s rights. On a worldwide scale this treaty has been greeted with open arms as it has been ratified by 193 UN States Parties. Surprisingly, only two countries, the United States and Somalia,1 have not ratified the CRC so there is considerable international pressure for the United States to increase its involvements in human rights through ratification.

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Experiences Of Work/School/Family Conflict: A Qualitative Exploration, Sarah June Carroll, Dr. E. Jeffrey Hill Aug 2013

Experiences Of Work/School/Family Conflict: A Qualitative Exploration, Sarah June Carroll, Dr. E. Jeffrey Hill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Most college students take on responsibilities and roles beyond full-time school work. Nearly three quarters of undergraduates work an average of 25.5 hours a week while attending school (NPSAS, as cited by Dundes & Marx, 2006). Between work and school, the working hours of a student may be longer than working professionals. The relationship between paid work and personal life has been addressed as it relates to working professionals (see Byron, 2005). Few researchers, however, have examined the work-family interface among the unique population of students.

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