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Electric Field Gradient Focusing-Uv Detection For Protein Analysis, Shu-Ling Lin Jul 2006

Electric Field Gradient Focusing-Uv Detection For Protein Analysis, Shu-Ling Lin

Theses and Dissertations

Electric field gradient focusing (EFGF) utilizes a hydrodynamic flow and an electric field gradient to focus and concentrate charged analytes and order them in a separation channel according to electrophoretic mobility. Elution can be achieved by decreasing the applied voltage or increasing the hydrodynamic flow. EFGF has the advantages of concentrating a large volume (100 micro-L) of target proteins without significant band broadening and simultaneously removing unwanted components from the sample. Two types of EFGF devices have been investigated to concentrate and separate proteins: a fiber-based EFGF device and a hydrogel-based EFGF device. Using fiber-based EFGF with UV detection, a …

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Determining High School Geometry Students' Geometric Understanding Using Van Hiele Levels: Is There A Difference Between Standards-Based Curriculum Students And Nonstandards-Based Curriculum Students?, Rebekah Loraine Genz Jul 2006

Determining High School Geometry Students' Geometric Understanding Using Van Hiele Levels: Is There A Difference Between Standards-Based Curriculum Students And Nonstandards-Based Curriculum Students?, Rebekah Loraine Genz

Theses and Dissertations

Research has found that students are not adequately prepared to understand the concepts of geometry, as they are presented in a high school geometry course (e.g. Burger and Shaughnessy (1986), Usiskin (1982), van Hiele (1986)). Curricula based on the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) Standards (1989, 2000) have been developed and introduced into the middle grades to improve learning and concept development in mathematics. Research done by Rey, Reys, Lappan and Holliday (2003) showed that Standards-based curricula improve students' mathematical understanding and performance on standardized math exams. Using van Hiele levels, this study examines 20 ninth-grade students' levels …

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Intertextuality In The Fiction Of Cormac Mccarthy, Benjamin J. Burr Jul 2006

Intertextuality In The Fiction Of Cormac Mccarthy, Benjamin J. Burr

Theses and Dissertations

The moral and aesthetic complexity of Cormac McCarthy's fiction demands sophisticated theoretical reading paradigms. Intertextuality informed by poststructuralism is a theoretical approach that enables one to read the moral and aesthetic elements of McCarthy's work in productive ways. McCarthy's work is augmented by its connection to the works of other great artists and writers. As a result, McCarthy's work forces us to read his precedents from a different framework. An examination of the conversation between Martin Heidegger, Meyer Schapiro, Jacques Derrida, and Frederic Jameson about Van Gogh's A Pair of Boots creates an intertextual framework for examining the connection between …

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Markov Approximations: The Characterization Of Undermodeling Errors, Lei Lei Jul 2006

Markov Approximations: The Characterization Of Undermodeling Errors, Lei Lei

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is concerned with characterizing the quality of Hidden Markov modeling when learning from limited data. It introduces a new perspective on different sources of errors to describe the impact of undermodeling. Our view is that modeling errors can be decomposed into two primary sources of errors: the approximation error and the estimation error. This thesis takes a first step towards exploring the approximation error of low order HMMs that best approximate the true system of a HMM. We introduce the notion minimality and show that best approximations of the true system with complexity greater or equal to the …

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Reinforcement Programming: A New Technique In Automatic Algorithm Development, Spencer Kesson White Jul 2006

Reinforcement Programming: A New Technique In Automatic Algorithm Development, Spencer Kesson White

Theses and Dissertations

Reinforcement programming is a new technique for using computers to automatically create algorithms. By using the principles of reinforcement learning and Q-learning, reinforcement programming learns programs based on example inputs and outputs. State representations and actions are provided. A transition function and rewards are defined. The system is trained until the system converges on a policy that can be directly implemented as a computer program. The efficiency of reinforcement programming is demonstrated by comparing a generalized in-place iterative sort learned through genetic programming to a sorting algorithm of the same type created using reinforcement programming. The sort learned by reinforcement …

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Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee Jul 2006

Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A screening level model was developed for simulation of pollutant migration through the vadose-zone and subsequent mixing within the saturated-zone. This one-dimensional finite difference model simulates the transport processes of liquid-phase advection, liquid- and vapor-phase dispersion, sorption, and decay of the contaminant. Using a simple mass-balance technique, the saturated-zone module estimates mixing of the vadose-zone leachate with groundwater. The model can be a useful tool in making preliminary assessments of the potential impacts of contaminants in the subsurface. The model can handle vertical heterogeneity of the soil columns and non-uniform initial contaminant concentration. The model was verified by comparing to …

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The Use Of Information And Communication Technology In Company Environmental Awareness Amplification, J. Fiala, Jiří Hřebíček, J. Ministr, J. Ráček Jul 2006

The Use Of Information And Communication Technology In Company Environmental Awareness Amplification, J. Fiala, Jiří Hřebíček, J. Ministr, J. Ráček

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Our investigation of over one hundred Czech companies with a certified Environmental Management System (EMS) has identified ten main barriers to EMS implementation. They obstruct the adoption of EMS principles and decrease environmental awareness of internal interested parties. We have developed a modified holistic model of creating and overcoming barriers in EMS implementation and in its continuous improvement through being based on five basic pillars and five interconnected business processes. Related to this is the development of a prototype for a web-based information system that supports overcoming barriers in the process of EMS implementation. The prototype, using mainly Java technologies, …

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Water Balance Modelling In Bowen, Queensland, And The Ten Iterative Steps In Model Development And Evaluation, Wendy D. Welsh Jul 2006

Water Balance Modelling In Bowen, Queensland, And The Ten Iterative Steps In Model Development And Evaluation, Wendy D. Welsh

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The viability of irrigated horticulture in a coastal catchment near Bowen in Queensland, Australia, is dependent on groundwater. The summer-dominant rainfall is extremely variable, ranging from 255 to 2358 mm/year and there are no large surface water storages. A model was sought to improve understanding of the local hydrology and assist with management of the groundwater. The 220 km2 area is data-rich with 260 observation bores plus stream gauging, metering of irrigation bores and detailed land use mapping. A water balance model based on Darcy s Law, which describes laminar water flow through soils, and using only the historical data …

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Integrated Modeling: Examining The Fate And Transport Of Contaminants In Canadian Lakes And Rivers., William Booty, David Lam, Craig Mccrimmon Jul 2006

Integrated Modeling: Examining The Fate And Transport Of Contaminants In Canadian Lakes And Rivers., William Booty, David Lam, Craig Mccrimmon

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

With the ever increasing introduction of chemicals to the environment (approx. 4000 new chemicals are registered each day), scientists and program managers are faced with an apparently endless and overwhelming task of examining the possible ecological risks of these new chemicals as well as the existing chemicals in aquatic ecosystems. It is also well recognized that no single model will be capable of dealing with all of the different types of chemicals and the environments that these chemicals are released into. It is therefore necessary to be able to integrate a spectrum of best practice models into a system that …

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Integrated Assessments Of Climate Variability And Change For Australian Agriculture – Connecting The Islands Of Knowledge, Holger Meinke, Mark Howden, Rohan Nelson Jul 2006

Integrated Assessments Of Climate Variability And Change For Australian Agriculture – Connecting The Islands Of Knowledge, Holger Meinke, Mark Howden, Rohan Nelson

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Key clients for regional or national assessment capabilities are government and industry policymakers, who must deal with constantly changing policy questions. For instance, adaptation to climate change has relatively recently come onto the policy agenda, as has the interaction between adaptation and greenhouse gas mitigation. ’Integrated assessment’ has therefore become a common approach that attempts to demonstrate the policy relevance of science. It is intended to inform policies that ultimately lead to better risk management of agro-ecosystems (amongst other objectives). Increasingly policy stakeholders also demand realistic assessments of uncertainties that are associated with the scenarios underpinning such integrated assessments. This …

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Creating Advanced Fire-Spreading Models Using The Cd++ Toolkit, Gabriel Wainer Jul 2006

Creating Advanced Fire-Spreading Models Using The Cd++ Toolkit, Gabriel Wainer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recent research efforts focused on the creation of fire spreading models using Cellular models. The Cell-DEVS formalism and the CD++ toolkit allow the user to construct their applications using simple and more intuitive model specification, which can execute with high efficiency using a discrete event approach. It was shown that different environmental applications can be easily faced, allowing the study of complex problems through simulation. The use of formal base improves the development, checking and maintaining phases, facilitating the testing and reuse of their components. The utilization of a discrete event formalism such as these ones can provide better precision …

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Free And Open Source Geospatial Tools For Environmental Modeling And Management, Ari Jolma, Daniel P. Ames, N. Horning, M. Neteler, Aaron Racicot, T. Sutton Jul 2006

Free And Open Source Geospatial Tools For Environmental Modeling And Management, Ari Jolma, Daniel P. Ames, N. Horning, M. Neteler, Aaron Racicot, T. Sutton

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Geospatial software tools (GIS) are used for creating, viewing, managing, analyzing, and utilizing geospatial data. Geospatial data can include socio-economic, environmental, geophysical, and technical data about the Earth and societal infrastructure and it is pivotal in environmental modeling and management (EMM). Desktop, web-based, and embedded geospatial tools and systems have become an essential part of EMM. Environmental simulation models often require pre- or post-processing of geospatial data, or they can be tightly linked to a GIS, using it as a graphical user interface (GUI). Many local, regional, national, and international efforts are underway to create geospatial data infrastructures and tools …

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Integrated Modeling: Examining The Fate And Transport Of Contaminants In Canadian Lakes And Rivers., William Booty, David Lam, Craig Mccrimmon Jul 2006

Integrated Modeling: Examining The Fate And Transport Of Contaminants In Canadian Lakes And Rivers., William Booty, David Lam, Craig Mccrimmon

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

With the ever increasing introduction of chemicals to the environment (approx. 4000 new chemicals are registered each day), scientists and program managers are faced with an apparently endless and overwhelming task of examining the possible ecological risks of these new chemicals as well as the existing chemicals in aquatic ecosystems. It is also well recognized that no single model will be capable of dealing with all of the different types of chemicals and the environments that these chemicals are released into. It is therefore necessary to be able to integrate a spectrum of best practice models into a system that …

Go to article

Integrated Assessments Of Climate Variability And Change For Australian Agriculture – Connecting The Islands Of Knowledge, Holger Meinke, Mark Howden, Rohan Nelson Jul 2006

Integrated Assessments Of Climate Variability And Change For Australian Agriculture – Connecting The Islands Of Knowledge, Holger Meinke, Mark Howden, Rohan Nelson

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Key clients for regional or national assessment capabilities are government and industry policymakers, who must deal with constantly changing policy questions. For instance, adaptation to climate change has relatively recently come onto the policy agenda, as has the interaction between adaptation and greenhouse gas mitigation. ’Integrated assessment’ has therefore become a common approach that attempts to demonstrate the policy relevance of science. It is intended to inform policies that ultimately lead to better risk management of agro-ecosystems (amongst other objectives). Increasingly policy stakeholders also demand realistic assessments of uncertainties that are associated with the scenarios underpinning such integrated assessments. This …

Go to article

Creating Advanced Fire-Spreading Models Using The Cd++ Toolkit, Gabriel Wainer Jul 2006

Creating Advanced Fire-Spreading Models Using The Cd++ Toolkit, Gabriel Wainer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recent research efforts focused on the creation of fire spreading models using Cellular models. The Cell-DEVS formalism and the CD++ toolkit allow the user to construct their applications using simple and more intuitive model specification, which can execute with high efficiency using a discrete event approach. It was shown that different environmental applications can be easily faced, allowing the study of complex problems through simulation. The use of formal base improves the development, checking and maintaining phases, facilitating the testing and reuse of their components. The utilization of a discrete event formalism such as these ones can provide better precision …

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Utilizing Artificial Neural Networks To Backtrack Source Location, Zhiqiang Li, Donna M. Rizzo, Nancy Hayden Jul 2006

Utilizing Artificial Neural Networks To Backtrack Source Location, Zhiqiang Li, Donna M. Rizzo, Nancy Hayden

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Determining the location of the contaminant source is important for improving remediation and site management decisions at many contaminated groundwater sites. At large sites, numerical flow and transport models have been developed that use historical measurement data for calibration. A well-calibrated model is useful for predicting plume migration and other management purposes; however, it is difficult to back out the source with these forward flow and transport models. We present a novel technique utilizing Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to backtrack source location and earlier plume concentrations from recent plume information. For proof-of-concept, two tracer tests (a non-point-source and a point-source) …

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The Use Of Information And Communication Technology In Company Environmental Awareness Amplification, J. Fiala, Jiří Hřebíček, J. Ministr, J. Ráček Jul 2006

The Use Of Information And Communication Technology In Company Environmental Awareness Amplification, J. Fiala, Jiří Hřebíček, J. Ministr, J. Ráček

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Our investigation of over one hundred Czech companies with a certified Environmental Management System (EMS) has identified ten main barriers to EMS implementation. They obstruct the adoption of EMS principles and decrease environmental awareness of internal interested parties. We have developed a modified holistic model of creating and overcoming barriers in EMS implementation and in its continuous improvement through being based on five basic pillars and five interconnected business processes. Related to this is the development of a prototype for a web-based information system that supports overcoming barriers in the process of EMS implementation. The prototype, using mainly Java technologies, …

Go to article

Free And Open Source Geospatial Tools For Environmental Modeling And Management, Ari Jolma, Daniel P. Ames, N. Horning, M. Neteler, Aaron Racicot, T. Sutton Jul 2006

Free And Open Source Geospatial Tools For Environmental Modeling And Management, Ari Jolma, Daniel P. Ames, N. Horning, M. Neteler, Aaron Racicot, T. Sutton

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Geospatial software tools (GIS) are used for creating, viewing, managing, analyzing, and utilizing geospatial data. Geospatial data can include socio-economic, environmental, geophysical, and technical data about the Earth and societal infrastructure and it is pivotal in environmental modeling and management (EMM). Desktop, web-based, and embedded geospatial tools and systems have become an essential part of EMM. Environmental simulation models often require pre- or post-processing of geospatial data, or they can be tightly linked to a GIS, using it as a graphical user interface (GUI). Many local, regional, national, and international efforts are underway to create geospatial data infrastructures and tools …

Go to article

Cell-Devs Modeling Of Environmental Applications, Gabriel Wainer Jul 2006

Cell-Devs Modeling Of Environmental Applications, Gabriel Wainer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recently, different research teams used Cellular models for the analysis of environmental systemsusing Cellular models. Some of these techniques are based on Cellular Automata, which have some problemsconstraining its power, usability and feasibility for studying large complex systems. In other cases, the CellularAutomata have been combined with the DEVS (Discrete-Event Systems Specifications) formalism, which requiresexpertise in advanced programming techniques, visualization, distributed computing, etc. Instead, theCell-DEVS formalism and the CD++ toolkit Cell-DEVS simplify the construction of complex cellular modelsby allowing simple and more intuitive model specification. We present the definition of different models, focusingon how to define such applications using Cell-DEVS …

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Confronting Edss-Maintenance Validation, Clàudia Turon, Joaquim Comas, Ulises Cortés, Manel Poch Jul 2006

Confronting Edss-Maintenance Validation, Clàudia Turon, Joaquim Comas, Ulises Cortés, Manel Poch

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Daily operation and maintenance tasks are needed to guarantee the correct performance of Constructed Wetlands (CWs). The definition of these activities is a complex task since these actions vary according to the technology, the configuration and the design of the wastewater treatment plant, the community characteristics and the features of the receiving media. To support the definition of these actions an Environmental Decision Support System (EDSS) has been constructed (EDSS-maintenance). The methodology used to develop EDSS-maintenance is based on the following 5 steps: environmental problem analysis, data and knowledge acquisition, model selection, model implementation and validation. The first 4 steps …

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Prorank A Software Tool Used For The Evaluation Of Environmental Databases, S. Pudenz, Rainer Brüggemann, K. Voigt Jul 2006

Prorank A Software Tool Used For The Evaluation Of Environmental Databases, S. Pudenz, Rainer Brüggemann, K. Voigt

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

On one hand a lot of research has been performed and an enormous amount of data generated concerning protection of human health and the environment with respect to chemical substances. On the other hand great data gaps for environmental chemicals have been detected in the run-up to a new chemicals policy in the EU, known under the name of REACH. In our approach we elucidate the data availability on chemicals applying the Hasse Diagram Technique (HDT) which originates in discrete mathematics as an environmetrical and chemometrical method. The software package used is ProRank software for multi-criteria evaluation and decision support …

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Future Solutions: Integrated Models For Sea And Other Land-Use Decision-Making., Ruth Waldick, David Brunckhorst, Ian Campbelld, Jeff Carmichael Jul 2006

Future Solutions: Integrated Models For Sea And Other Land-Use Decision-Making., Ruth Waldick, David Brunckhorst, Ian Campbelld, Jeff Carmichael

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Since policies should reflect societal values and aspirations, decision-making would benefit from tools that allow consideration of all entities that contribute to, or are affected by decisions. At a minimum, policy should include those key economic, social, and environmental activities taking place within a geophysically relevant area. The barriers that impede the development of integrated modeling programs that try to include many of the processes and outcomes of interest in studying a problem represent a series of common challenges associated with most integrative and cross-jurisdictional projects. Although computer-based modeling and scenario tools can inform the decision-making process, the scope of …

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Confronting Edss-Maintenance Validation, Clàudia Turon, Joaquim Comas, Ulises Cortés, Manel Poch Jul 2006

Confronting Edss-Maintenance Validation, Clàudia Turon, Joaquim Comas, Ulises Cortés, Manel Poch

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Daily operation and maintenance tasks are needed to guarantee the correct performance of Constructed Wetlands (CWs). The definition of these activities is a complex task since these actions vary according to the technology, the configuration and the design of the wastewater treatment plant, the community characteristics and the features of the receiving media. To support the definition of these actions an Environmental Decision Support System (EDSS) has been constructed (EDSS-maintenance). The methodology used to develop EDSS-maintenance is based on the following 5 steps: environmental problem analysis, data and knowledge acquisition, model selection, model implementation and validation. The first 4 steps …

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Use Of Space Technology For Natural Disaster Detection And Prevention, M. Rukieh, Geol Marwan Koudmani Jul 2006

Use Of Space Technology For Natural Disaster Detection And Prevention, M. Rukieh, Geol Marwan Koudmani

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Space technologies can play important roles in the reduction of disasters. The use of such technologies can be particularly useful in the risk assessment, mitigation and preparedness phases of disaster management. Space technologies are also vital to the early warning and management of the effects of the disaster. In order for the developing countries to be able to incorporate the routine use of space technology-based solutions there is a need to increase awareness, build national capacity and also develop solutions that are customized and appropriate to the needs of the developing world.

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Water Balance Modelling In Bowen, Queensland, And The Ten Iterative Steps In Model Development And Evaluation, Wendy D. Welsh Jul 2006

Water Balance Modelling In Bowen, Queensland, And The Ten Iterative Steps In Model Development And Evaluation, Wendy D. Welsh

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The viability of irrigated horticulture in a coastal catchment near Bowen in Queensland, Australia, is dependent on groundwater. The summer-dominant rainfall is extremely variable, ranging from 255 to 2358 mm/year and there are no large surface water storages. A model was sought to improve understanding of the local hydrology and assist with management of the groundwater. The 220 km2 area is data-rich with 260 observation bores plus stream gauging, metering of irrigation bores and detailed land use mapping. A water balance model based on Darcy s Law, which describes laminar water flow through soils, and using only the historical data …

Go to article

Use Of Space Technology For Natural Disaster Detection And Prevention, M. Rukieh, Geol Marwan Koudmani Jul 2006

Use Of Space Technology For Natural Disaster Detection And Prevention, M. Rukieh, Geol Marwan Koudmani

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Space technologies can play important roles in the reduction of disasters. The use of such technologies can be particularly useful in the risk assessment, mitigation and preparedness phases of disaster management. Space technologies are also vital to the early warning and management of the effects of the disaster. In order for the developing countries to be able to incorporate the routine use of space technology-based solutions there is a need to increase awareness, build national capacity and also develop solutions that are customized and appropriate to the needs of the developing world.

Go to article

Prorank A Software Tool Used For The Evaluation Of Environmental Databases, S. Pudenz, Rainer Brüggemann, K. Voigt Jul 2006

Prorank A Software Tool Used For The Evaluation Of Environmental Databases, S. Pudenz, Rainer Brüggemann, K. Voigt

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

On one hand a lot of research has been performed and an enormous amount of data generated concerning protection of human health and the environment with respect to chemical substances. On the other hand great data gaps for environmental chemicals have been detected in the run-up to a new chemicals policy in the EU, known under the name of REACH. In our approach we elucidate the data availability on chemicals applying the Hasse Diagram Technique (HDT) which originates in discrete mathematics as an environmetrical and chemometrical method. The software package used is ProRank software for multi-criteria evaluation and decision support …

Go to article

Uncertainty Management, Spatial And Temporal Reasoning, And Validation Of Intelligent Environmental Decision Support Systems, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè, Karina Gibert, Rick Sojda, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Peter Struss, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda Jul 2006

Uncertainty Management, Spatial And Temporal Reasoning, And Validation Of Intelligent Environmental Decision Support Systems, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè, Karina Gibert, Rick Sojda, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Peter Struss, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

There are inherent open problems arising when developing and running Intelligent Environmental Decision Support Systems (IEDSS). During daily operation of IEDSS several open challenge problems appear. The uncertainty of data being processed is intrinsic to the environmental system, which is being monitored by several on-line sensors and off-line data. Thus, anomalous data values at data gathering level or even uncertain reasoning process at later levels such as in diagnosis or decision support or planning can lead the environmental process to unsafe critical operation states. At diagnosis level or even at decision support level or planning level, spatial reasoning or temporal …

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Cell-Devs Modeling Of Environmental Applications, Gabriel Wainer Jul 2006

Cell-Devs Modeling Of Environmental Applications, Gabriel Wainer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recently, different research teams used Cellular models for the analysis of environmental systemsusing Cellular models. Some of these techniques are based on Cellular Automata, which have some problemsconstraining its power, usability and feasibility for studying large complex systems. In other cases, the CellularAutomata have been combined with the DEVS (Discrete-Event Systems Specifications) formalism, which requiresexpertise in advanced programming techniques, visualization, distributed computing, etc. Instead, theCell-DEVS formalism and the CD++ toolkit Cell-DEVS simplify the construction of complex cellular modelsby allowing simple and more intuitive model specification. We present the definition of different models, focusingon how to define such applications using Cell-DEVS …

Go to article

Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee Jul 2006

Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A screening level model was developed for simulation of pollutant migration through the vadose-zone and subsequent mixing within the saturated-zone. This one-dimensional finite difference model simulates the transport processes of liquid-phase advection, liquid- and vapor-phase dispersion, sorption, and decay of the contaminant. Using a simple mass-balance technique, the saturated-zone module estimates mixing of the vadose-zone leachate with groundwater. The model can be a useful tool in making preliminary assessments of the potential impacts of contaminants in the subsurface. The model can handle vertical heterogeneity of the soil columns and non-uniform initial contaminant concentration. The model was verified by comparing to …

Go to article

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