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Spatial Modelling Of Air Pollution In Urban Areas With Gis: A Case Study On Integrated Database Development, L. Matejicek Jul 2004

Spatial Modelling Of Air Pollution In Urban Areas With Gis: A Case Study On Integrated Database Development, L. Matejicek

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A wide range of data collected by monitoring systems and by mathematical and physical modellingcan be managed in the frame of spatial models developed in the GIS. In addition to data management andstandard environmental analysis of air pollution, data from remote sensing (aerial and satellite images) canextend all the data sets. In spite of that simulation of air pollutant distribution is carried out by standalonecomputer systems, the spatial database in the frame of the GIS is used to support decision-making processesin a more efficient way. Mostly, data are included in the map layers as attributes. Other map layers are carriedout …

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How To Compare Different Conceptual Approaches To Metapopulation Modelling, Frank M. Hilker, Martin Hinsch, Hans Joachim Poethke Jul 2004

How To Compare Different Conceptual Approaches To Metapopulation Modelling, Frank M. Hilker, Martin Hinsch, Hans Joachim Poethke

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Models are essential tools in understanding population dynamics and deriving management measuresin the context of population viability analysis. However, very often the question arises which type ofmodel architecture is appropriate for a given situation. Mostly this situation is characterized by a shortage ofdata for model parameterization. In this study, an approach is presented to overcome this lack of real-worlddata by using the output of long-term simulation runs of specific individual-based models. Thus, it is possibleto evaluate the quality of macroscopic model predictions. Furthermore, this setting allows to compare totallydifferent types of metapopulation models. As an exemplary case study, this approach …

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The Role Of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis In A Decision Support System For Rehabilitation Of Contaminated Sites (The Desyre Software), C. Carlon, S. Giove, Paola Agostini, A. Critto, Antonio Marcomini Jul 2004

The Role Of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis In A Decision Support System For Rehabilitation Of Contaminated Sites (The Desyre Software), C. Carlon, S. Giove, Paola Agostini, A. Critto, Antonio Marcomini

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The rehabilitation of contaminated sites involves several considerations in terms of environmental, technological and socio-economic aspects. A decision support system becomes therefore necessary in order to manage problem complexity and to define effective rehabilitation interventions. DESYRE (Decision Support sYstem for Rehabilitation of contaminated sites) is a software system which integrates risk assessment with socio-economic analysis and technological assessment in order to provide decision-makers with different remediation scenarios to be evaluated. The structure of the system allows a subsequent analysis, from socioeconomic analysis and site characterization, to risk assessment before and after remediation technologies selection, until the definition of remediation scenarios. …

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Ecosystems As Evolutionary Complex Systems: A Synthesis Of Two System-Theoretic Approaches Based On Boolean Networks, Brian D. Fath, W. E. Grant Jul 2004

Ecosystems As Evolutionary Complex Systems: A Synthesis Of Two System-Theoretic Approaches Based On Boolean Networks, Brian D. Fath, W. E. Grant

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Understanding and managing ecosystems as biocomplex wholes is the compelling scientific challenge of our times. Several different system-theoretic approaches have been proposed to study biocomplexity and two in particular, Kauffman’s NK networks and Patten’s ecological network analysis, have shown promising results. This research investigates the similarities between these two approaches, which to date have developed separately and independently. Kauffman (1993) has demonstrated that networks of non-equilibrium, open thermodynamic systems can exhibit profound order (subcritical complexity) or profound chaos (fundamental complexity). He uses Boolean NK networks to describe system behavior, where N is the number of nodes in the network and …

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Stability Analyses Of The 50/50 Sex Ratio Using Lattice Simulation, Y. Itoh, K. Tainaka, J. Yoshimura Jul 2004

Stability Analyses Of The 50/50 Sex Ratio Using Lattice Simulation, Y. Itoh, K. Tainaka, J. Yoshimura

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The observed sex ratio is nearly one half in many animals including humans. Fisher explained thatthe 50/50 sex ratio is optimal. However, the 50/50 sex ratio seems highly unstable because a slight deviationfrom 50/50 changes the optimal ratio to the opposite extremes; zero or unity. Thus sex ratio should befluctuating wildly around 50/50. In contrast, the observed 50/50 sex ratios in wild populations seem to bevery stable. There should be some unknown mechanisms to stabilize the sex ratio 50/50. We build the latticemodel of mating populations. Each cell represents a male, a female, or an empty site. We perform latticesimulation …

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Rolling Conditional Correlations Of Foreign Patents In The Usa, Felix Chan, Dora Marinova, Michael Mcaleer Jul 2004

Rolling Conditional Correlations Of Foreign Patents In The Usa, Felix Chan, Dora Marinova, Michael Mcaleer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Patent registrations have often been used as a proxy of innovation as they reflect a country’s technological capability. Recently, some studies have found that the Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model and an asymmetric extension, namely Glosten, Jagannathan and Runkle's (GJR) model, are useful to model the time-varying volatility of the patent ratio, namely the ratio of foreign patents registered in the USA to total patents in the USA. However, this approach assumes that the conditional variance is independent across countries. Furthermore, the time series properties of the patent growth rate, namely the rate of change of foreign patents registered …

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Structured Modeling Technology: A Modeling Environment For Integrated Environmental Assessment, W. Purwasih, Y. Nakamori Jul 2004

Structured Modeling Technology: A Modeling Environment For Integrated Environmental Assessment, W. Purwasih, Y. Nakamori

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Sound environmental decision-making and assessment require integration of modelingresources such as models and complex tools, large volumes of often disparate and multi-format data fromnumerous sources and effective methods of disseminating and presenting results that allow broad,interactive participation in the assessment and decision-making process. This paper discusses how data sets,models and modeling tools are incorporated into the design of a structured modeling environment. In thispaper, we describe the background and implementation of structured modeling environment, which wasdeveloped to facilitate and integrate many aspects of the modeling process. The conceptual frameworkunderpinning the structured modeling technology identifies the major aspects of integration betweendatabase …

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An Integrated Tool For Water Policy In Agriculture, G. M. Bazzani Jul 2004

An Integrated Tool For Water Policy In Agriculture, G. M. Bazzani

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The definition of proper tools to support the implementation of Water Framework Directive(WFD) is an urgent task in the European Union (EU). Agriculture deserves special attention since in mostcountries water consumption is higher than in other sectors and pollution due to irrigated agricultural activityis often a serious problem, while social and cultural issues are relevant. The paper presents a program calledDSIRR designed to conduct an integrated analysis of water use in agriculture considering agronomic,hydraulic, economic and environmental aspects as well as complexity and uncertainty for decision making.The tool permits to analyze in great detail the relevant production systems existing in …

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Parameters Estimation Using Some Analytical Solutions Of The Anisotropic Advection-Dispersion Model, Federico Catania, Marco Massabò, Ombretta Paladino Jul 2004

Parameters Estimation Using Some Analytical Solutions Of The Anisotropic Advection-Dispersion Model, Federico Catania, Marco Massabò, Ombretta Paladino

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In this paper some analytical solutions of the advection-dispersion equation are proposed andadopted to solve a non-linear parameter estimation problem. To test the robustness of the analyticalsolutions if adopted in inverse problems, the anisotropic dispersion coefficients are estimated using sets ofexperimental data simulated by Monte Carlo techniques. Cylindrical geometry is considered since largecolumns are the most common devices adopted to study both dispersion and kinetics mechanisms and, evenif the solutions are expressed in terms of Bessel function expansion and equations solved only for particularinitial and boundary conditions, they give very good results in terms of reliability and precision of ourestimates. …

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Modelling Biocomplexity In The Tisza River Basin Within A Participatory Adaptive Framework, J. Sendzimir, P. Balogh, A. Vári Jul 2004

Modelling Biocomplexity In The Tisza River Basin Within A Participatory Adaptive Framework, J. Sendzimir, P. Balogh, A. Vári

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The erosion of biocomplexity in the Tisza River Basin developed slowly and incrementally over the past 130 years since implementation of the original Vásárhelyi river engineering plan. The Hungarian public view, blinded by flood and toxic spill catastrophes, missed the slow and subtle changes to natural, social and human capital precipitated by the reshaping of the TRB landscape and its agriculture for flood defence and grain production. While conversion of the TRB from a fruit/nut/ fishery polyculture to a wheat monoculture produced a great deal of financial capital for an aristocratic minority, the gradual drain of alternatives forms of capital …

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Knowledge Discovery In Environmental Data Bases Using Gesconda, Karina Gibert, Xavier Flores, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè Jul 2004

Knowledge Discovery In Environmental Data Bases Using Gesconda, Karina Gibert, Xavier Flores, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In this work, last results of the research project “Development of an Intelligent Data Analysis System for Knowledge Management in Environmental Data Bases (DB)” are presented. The project is focussed on the design and development of a prototype for Knowledge Discovery (KD) and intelligent data analysis, and specially oriented to environmental DB. It is remarkable the high quantity of information and knowledge patterns that are implicit in large DB coming from environmental domains. In this project, several environmental DB such as meteorological phenomena, wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), or environmental emergencies were used for testing. KD is a prior and mandatory …

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Operational And Forecasting Real-Time Air Quality Tool For Industrial Plants, R. San José, J. L. Pérez, R. M. González Jul 2004

Operational And Forecasting Real-Time Air Quality Tool For Industrial Plants, R. San José, J. L. Pérez, R. M. González

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A tool (TEAP) to evaluate in real-time and operational mode the air quality produced by industrial plants (power plants also) has been developed based on the third generation of air quality modelling systems. The system uses the non-hydrostatic mesoscale meteorological model MM5 (PSU/NCAR, USA) and the air quality modelling system (transport and chemistry) CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality Modelling System) (EPA, USA) by using the so-called ON/OFF scenario which allows the user to have in advance (48 - 72 hours) a detailed information in time and space on what is the relative impact of the industrial emissions in an area …

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An Evolutionary-Based Real-Time Updating Technique For An Operational Rainfall-Runoff Forecasting Model, Soon-Thiam Khu, Edward Keedwell, Oliver Pollard Jul 2004

An Evolutionary-Based Real-Time Updating Technique For An Operational Rainfall-Runoff Forecasting Model, Soon-Thiam Khu, Edward Keedwell, Oliver Pollard

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Error-correction is widely known to be one of the effective methods of real-time updating and tends to be the easiest method to implement and couple with existing simulation models. Methods such as autoregressive (AR) or autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) have been widely used but the main disadvantage of such approaches is the prior assumption of the form of error correlation. Genetic programming (GP), a relatively new evolutionary-based technique, can be used to generate a suitable expression linking the observations, simulation model results and the error in the simulation for the purpose of error correction. In this study, GP functions …

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A Generalised Conceptual Framework For Integrated Assessment Modelling Of Water Resource Management Issues, R. A. Letcher, A. J. Jakeman, B. F. W. Croke Jul 2004

A Generalised Conceptual Framework For Integrated Assessment Modelling Of Water Resource Management Issues, R. A. Letcher, A. J. Jakeman, B. F. W. Croke

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Nodal network approaches are a common framework for considering water allocation problems. In this type of model framework, a river basin is represented as a series of nodes, where nodes generally represent key points of extraction along the stream. Agricultural production and other water use decisions generally interact with the stream system in two ways: they can affect the generation of runoff and thus the volume of water reaching the stream; or, they may involve direct extraction or use of streamflow once it has reached the stream. This paper provides a generalised conceptual framework for considering these types of interactions …

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A Multi-Model Approach To Analysis Of Environmental Phenomena, O. Giustolisi, A. Doglioni, Dragan Savic, B. W. Webb Jul 2004

A Multi-Model Approach To Analysis Of Environmental Phenomena, O. Giustolisi, A. Doglioni, Dragan Savic, B. W. Webb

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper introduces a novel data-driven methodology named Evolutionary Polynomial Regression (EPR), which permits the multi-purpose modelling of physical phenomena, through the simultaneous solution of a number of models. Multipurpose modelling or “multi-modelling”, enables the user to make a more robust choice of those models aimed at (a) the knowledge based on data modelling, (b) on-line and offline forecasting, and (c) data augmentation (i.e. infilling of missing data in time series). This methodology is particularly useful in modelling environmental phenomena, for which it is usually impossible to obtain physical data at a laboratory scale. In particular, the non-linearity of phenomena …

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Reliable And Valid Identification Of A Small Number Of Global Emission Scenarios, Olaf Tietje Jul 2004

Reliable And Valid Identification Of A Small Number Of Global Emission Scenarios, Olaf Tietje

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Numerous scenarios of global greenhouse gas emissions have been created, that aredifficult to communicate to decision makers. To identify few significantly different and consistent scenariosis time consuming, requires deep understanding of the underlying driving forces, and may depend on theindividual perspective of the scenario analyst. Developed from an expert based scenario technique a newmethod was developed, which in step 1 analyzes each given scenario with respect to the relations between itscharacteristics (e.g. parameters, state variables). This analysis may include a very large number of qualitative('nominal'), logical, ordinal and metric characteristics. In step 2, a few consistent and significantly differentscenarios are …

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Assessing The Effects Of Agricultural Change On Nitrogen Fluxes Using The Integrated Nitrogen Catchment (Inca) Model, Katri Rankinen, Heikki Lehtonen, Kirsti Granlund, Ilona Bärlund Jul 2004

Assessing The Effects Of Agricultural Change On Nitrogen Fluxes Using The Integrated Nitrogen Catchment (Inca) Model, Katri Rankinen, Heikki Lehtonen, Kirsti Granlund, Ilona Bärlund

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The INCA (Integrated Nitrogen CAtchment) model is a semi-distributed, dynamic nitrogen modelwhich simulates nitrogen fluxes in catchments. Sources of nitrogen can be atmospheric deposition, the terrestrialenvironment or direct discharges. The model can simulate nitrogen processes in six land use classes.There are three components included; the hydrological model, the catchment nitrogen process model and theriver nitrogen process model. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of three different agriculturalpolicy scenarios on inorganic nitrogen flux to the sea from Finnish catchments. Target years of these scenariosare 2010 and 2020. The changes in agricultural production in different scenarios of agricultural …

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The Method Of Self-Organisation Of Mathematical Models And Its Application To The Population Analysis And Environmental Monitoring, L. Tymoshevska, A. N. Timoshevski, V. Yeremin, S. A. Kalkuta Jul 2004

The Method Of Self-Organisation Of Mathematical Models And Its Application To The Population Analysis And Environmental Monitoring, L. Tymoshevska, A. N. Timoshevski, V. Yeremin, S. A. Kalkuta

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

We propose new methodology for the treatment of highly noised statistical data that are measured and defined on a strongly irregular grid of observations. Using this methodology, we have processed and analyzed statistical data on congenital heart diseases and oncological diseases over three Ukrainian regions which were influenced by the Chernobyl disaster. The data appeared to be strongly inhomogeneous. We have built the maps of the people morbidity spatial distribution and the maps of the man caused contaminations in these regions. We have used Cs-137 and Sr-90 radioactive isotopes’ and pesticide pollutions as the factors that characterize the rate of …

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Coupled Human And Natural Systems: A Multi-Agent Based Approach, M. G. Monticino, M. F. Acevedo, B. Callicott, T. Cogdil, M. Ji, C. Lindquist Jul 2004

Coupled Human And Natural Systems: A Multi-Agent Based Approach, M. G. Monticino, M. F. Acevedo, B. Callicott, T. Cogdil, M. Ji, C. Lindquist

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A major force affecting many forest ecosystems is the encroachment of residential, commercial and industrial development. Analysis of the complex interactions between development decisions and ecosystems, and how the environmental consequences of these decisions influence human values and subsequent decisions will lead to a better understanding of the environmental consequences of private choices and public policies. Determining conditions on the interactions between human decisions and natural systems that lead to long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems is one goal of this work. Interactions between human stakeholders are represented using multi-agent models that act on forest landscape models in the form of …

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The Evaluation Of Uncertainty Propagation Into River Water Quality Predictions To Guide Future Monitoring Campaigns, V. Vandenberghe, Willy Bauwens, Peter A. Vanrolleghem Jul 2004

The Evaluation Of Uncertainty Propagation Into River Water Quality Predictions To Guide Future Monitoring Campaigns, V. Vandenberghe, Willy Bauwens, Peter A. Vanrolleghem

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

To evaluate the future state of river water in view of actual loading or different management options, water quality models are a useful tool. However, the uncertainty on the model predictions is sometimes too high to draw proper conclusions. It is of high importance to modellers to minimise the uncertainty of the model predictions. Therefore different research is needed according to the origin of the uncertainty. If the uncertainty stems from input data uncertainty or from parameter uncertainty, more reliable results can be obtained by performing specific measurement campaigns. To guide these measurement campaigns, an uncertainty analysis can give important …

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Soil Hydraulics Properties Estimation By Using Pedotransfer Functions In A Northeastern Semiarid Zone Catchment, Brazil, Lúcio Flávio Ferreira Moreira, A. M. Righetto, V. M. De A. Medeiros Jul 2004

Soil Hydraulics Properties Estimation By Using Pedotransfer Functions In A Northeastern Semiarid Zone Catchment, Brazil, Lúcio Flávio Ferreira Moreira, A. M. Righetto, V. M. De A. Medeiros

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Hydrological modeling of the unsaturated soil zone fluxes allows the transfer processes simulation through the hydrological active soil zone. The pedotransfer functions (FTP) are useful tools in the modeling process. They contain analytical functions derived through statistic optimization process using a large amount of soil information data. This paper aims to analyze the level of reliability of two different pedotransfer functions [Wösten et al. (2001); Hodnett and Tomasella (2000)] by using field measurement of soil properties and experimental infiltration data through a disc infiltrometer in an experimental catchment at northeastern semi arid zone of Brazil. FTP’s used in this study …

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Water Management, Public Participation And Decision Support Systems: The Mulino Approach, J. Feás, Carlo Giupponi, P. Rosato Jul 2004

Water Management, Public Participation And Decision Support Systems: The Mulino Approach, J. Feás, Carlo Giupponi, P. Rosato

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

One of the main issues in the environmental decision making field is the necessity, sometimes obligation imposed by the legislation, to communicate the decision process and make it more comprehensible. In other words, the objective is to increase the transparency of the decision making available all the relevant information related to the decision process for all interested actors. For this reason, many tools have been developed over the last decades: indicators, conceptual frameworks, and impact assessment studies are examples. However, many of these tools try to represent the environmental situation or hypothetical future states without any explicit reference to how …

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Moira Dss – Architecture, Model Integration And User Interface Design, D. Hofman Jul 2004

Moira Dss – Architecture, Model Integration And User Interface Design, D. Hofman

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The acronym MOIRA stands for “A Model-Based Computerised System For Management Support To Identify Optimal Remedial Strategies For Restoring Radionuclide Contaminated Aquatic Ecosystems And Drainage Areas” (EC projects MOIRA, COMETES, EVANET-HYDRA). MOIRA system is an integrated friendly tool for the users with different level of responsibility in decision-making and different experience in computers, environmental modelling and radioecology. With MOIRA GUI the decision-maker works with the custom things – maps, tables, graphs, reports. User can be guided through all the steps of the decision-making or can start from the direct request of the data of interest (it could be for example …

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Source Parameter Estimation Of Atmospheric Pollution From Accidental Gas Releases, P. Kathirgamanathan Jul 2004

Source Parameter Estimation Of Atmospheric Pollution From Accidental Gas Releases, P. Kathirgamanathan

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper presents the development of an inverse model that may be used to estimatethe source term parameters for a polluting gas released into the atmosphere from a point above theground. The model uses measured pollution concentrations at observation sites on the ground aswell as meteorological data such as wind speed and cloud cover. The inverse model is formulated asa least- squares minimisation problem coupled with the solution of an advection-dispersion equation.The minimisation problem where the pollutants are released instantaneously is well-posed andthe source term is calculated with reasonable accuracy. However, the problem with a non-steadyextended release source is ill-posed; …

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Modelling The Dynamics Of Public Attention Towards Environmental Issues, Jens Newig, Julia Hesselmann Jul 2004

Modelling The Dynamics Of Public Attention Towards Environmental Issues, Jens Newig, Julia Hesselmann

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Public attention, traced over time, often displays seemingly paradox behaviour: Contrary towhat one might expect, public concern is seldom highest when the environmental conditions are the worst.Rather, concern most often rises when conditions have already become better. Furthermore, public attentiondynamics frequently shows self-reinforcing behaviour resulting in distinct cycles, e.g. due to sometrigger event. In this paper, public attention is viewed as a social macro-level phenomenon that is soughtto be explained by the interaction of a multitude of single actors, namely individual citizens, the press, andpoliticians. First, a causal model based on rational choice theory is constructed in order to elucidate …

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Land Use Change For Salinity Management: A Participatory Model, Nigel Hall, Mark Oliver, Tony Jakeman, Allan Nicholson, Bill Watson Jul 2004

Land Use Change For Salinity Management: A Participatory Model, Nigel Hall, Mark Oliver, Tony Jakeman, Allan Nicholson, Bill Watson

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper describes the use of spreadsheet models to help farmers and their advisors to makedecisions on land and water use to manage dryland salinity. Salinity management requires an understandingof catchment data and processes. Modelling forms part of the process of understanding the catchment and theturning of data into useable information for salt management. The TARGET project is a NSW governmentpilot program to support integrated catchment management in selected catchments in New South Wales. Amajor feature of the program is the simultaneous progress of research and implementation of salinitymanagement measures in a context of adaptive learning. The research described here …

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Modelling Sediment Delivery Ratio Based On Physical Principles, Hua Lu, Christopher Moran, Ian Prosser, Murugesu Sivapalan Jul 2004

Modelling Sediment Delivery Ratio Based On Physical Principles, Hua Lu, Christopher Moran, Ian Prosser, Murugesu Sivapalan

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Sediment delivery ratio (SDR) is traditionally defined as the fraction of upland gross erosion thatis transported out of a defined area, e.g., a plot or catchment. It is, effectively, an index of sediment transportefficiency. Previously, it is treated as an empirically-lumped parameter used as a mechanism forcompensating for sediment deposition within a catchment area. In this paper, we propose a simple sedimenttransport model based on the concept of linear reservoir cascades. It links SDR to catchment hydrologicalresponse and the dominant sediment deposition processes. The new SDR formulas thus derived are used toexplain the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of sediment transport processes and …

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Collaborative Decision-Making Processes For Maintaining Biodiversity: Two Australian Case Studies, C. Pettit, D. Pullar Jul 2004

Collaborative Decision-Making Processes For Maintaining Biodiversity: Two Australian Case Studies, C. Pettit, D. Pullar

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

There have been many models developed by scientists to assist decision-makers in making socio-economic and environmental decisions. It is now recognised that there is a shift in the dominant paradigm to making decisions with stakeholders, rather than making decisions for stakeholders. Our paper investigates two case studies where group model building has been undertaken for maintaining biodiversity in Australia. The first case study focuses on preservation and management of green spaces and biodiversity in metropolitan Melbourne under the umbrella of the Melbourne 2030 planning strategy. A geographical information system is used to collate a number of spatial datasets encompassing a …

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Possible Courses: Multi-Objective Modelling And Decision Support Using A Bayesian Network Approximation To A Nonpoint Source Pollution Model, David Swayne, Jie Shi Jul 2004

Possible Courses: Multi-Objective Modelling And Decision Support Using A Bayesian Network Approximation To A Nonpoint Source Pollution Model, David Swayne, Jie Shi

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Modelling systems frequently work in a single domain, such as physical or chemical process modelling, hydrology or combinations, to simulate process in nature such as pollution transport or the production of food or manufactured goods. Side-effects of agro-industrial processes, or gains / losses from production enterprises are separately modelled without the ability to examine trade-offs or alternatives. Multi-objective modeling attempts to combine "apples and oranges" through decision theoretical principles. Such treatments can couple production and waste systems to quantify the economic cost of remediation. We demonstrate such an application, from the data acquisition, model calibration through to the hypothesis testing, …

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Implications Of Processing Spatial Data From A Forested Catchment For A Hillslope Hydrological Model, Teemu Kokkonen, Harri Koivusalo, A. Laurén, S. Penttinen, S. Piirainen, M. Starrd, L. Finér Jul 2004

Implications Of Processing Spatial Data From A Forested Catchment For A Hillslope Hydrological Model, Teemu Kokkonen, Harri Koivusalo, A. Laurén, S. Penttinen, S. Piirainen, M. Starrd, L. Finér

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Finland has committed to both increasing timber production and decreasing the nutrient loading caused by forestry, which calls for development of methods to assess environmental impacts of forest management. A simulation model based on the concept of a typical hillslope is applied to describe water and nitrogen processes in a forested catchment. Application of the model requires that spatially distributed catchment data are processed to create parameterisation for a vertical two-dimensional profile. In such a two dimensional catchment description, behaviour of the system at different distances to a stream can be considered. This study explores 1) how changing the location …

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