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External Laryngeal Oscillation And Aerodynamic Measures Of Voice Onset: A Translational Study, Erik Mcleod Christensen Aug 2022

External Laryngeal Oscillation And Aerodynamic Measures Of Voice Onset: A Translational Study, Erik Mcleod Christensen

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine external laryngeal oscillation and its potential effects on phonation threshold pressure (PTP; cm H2O) and phonation threshold flow (PTF; L/sec). Measures of PTP and PTF have inherent limitations due to the nonlinear nature of phonation, influencing their clinical and experimental utility. This is true particularly for tracking relatively small changes in voice function because variability in the measure itself can be larger than that resulting from voice change. Elevated PTP and PTF are associated with a variety of voice disorders and correlate with self-reported vocal effort and fatigue. Prior studies involving silicone …

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Interference Between Speaking And Computer Tasks And Their Effects On Physiologic Arousal, Tiana Walker Bateman Aug 2022

Interference Between Speaking And Computer Tasks And Their Effects On Physiologic Arousal, Tiana Walker Bateman

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effects of concurrent speech and computer tasks on each other and on measures of physiologic arousal in 30 young adults. Physiologic measures included galvanic skin response, heart rate, and heart rate variability. Participants completed a speech-only task, two computer-based tasks, and combined speech and computer-based tasks. Participants spoke for 60 seconds on a procedural discourse prompt. Acoustic measures included the mean and standard deviation of intensity and fundamental frequency as indices of prosody, speaking time ratio to reflect pausing, and speech rate. The primary computer task (with two levels of difficulty) involved making formatting changes to …

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The Role Of Social Response To Disclosure In Relgious And Spiritual Coping And Recovery From Sexual Assault, Megan Wolfe Aug 2022

The Role Of Social Response To Disclosure In Relgious And Spiritual Coping And Recovery From Sexual Assault, Megan Wolfe

Theses and Dissertations

Many factors can discourage survivors of sexual assault from reporting their assaults. Even those survivors who disclose, their reporting experiences may not leave them feeling empowered or that they have received adequate support to begin the healing process after disclosure. Using a mixed methods approach, we examined the relationship between religious and spiritual coping strategies, the experience of social disclosure, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). We further used qualitative data examining the ways that participants used religious/spiritual coping strategies in response to the trauma of sexual …

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The Association Of Psychotherapist Cultural Humility And Client Experiences And Outcomes In Psychotherapy: A Meta-Analysis, Lisa Michelle Scott Aug 2022

The Association Of Psychotherapist Cultural Humility And Client Experiences And Outcomes In Psychotherapy: A Meta-Analysis, Lisa Michelle Scott

Theses and Dissertations

Psychotherapist multicultural competence has been given increasing attention in the field of psychology since the 1970s. However, individuals and communities who are Black, Indigenous, or People of Color are still less likely to attend psychotherapy and often drop out earlier than White clients. These trends highlight the importance of the ongoing research on therapist multicultural competence. There are many multicultural competencies, however, the current study focuses on therapist cultural humility. Specifically, we systematically searched all the current research on the association between cultural humility and client experiences and outcomes in therapy. Our literature search yielded eight studies that met our …

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Effects Of A High School Yoga Program On Student-Reported Stress, Resilience, And Academic Outcomes, Stephanie Martha Vance Aug 2022

Effects Of A High School Yoga Program On Student-Reported Stress, Resilience, And Academic Outcomes, Stephanie Martha Vance

Theses and Dissertations

High school yoga programs are gaining popularity throughout the United States. The many perceived benefits of such programs among adolescent groups have shown promising outcomes. This mixed-method evaluation of a high school yoga program aims to evaluate the effects of the program on student-reported stress, resilience, and academic outcomes. Program participants include high school students in yoga classes (n = 61) and comparison classes (n = 37), who completed pre- and post-measure surveys along with social validity measures. Overall findings showed a decrease in stress levels among yoga students compared to comparison students, which approached statistical significance, no significant differences …

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To What Degree Does Martial Quality Predict Longevity? A Meta-Analysis Of Prospective Studies, Rachel E. Jensen Aug 2022

To What Degree Does Martial Quality Predict Longevity? A Meta-Analysis Of Prospective Studies, Rachel E. Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

Strong social relationships consistently predict the quality of both physical and mental health. Society commonly recognizes the marriage relationship as one of the most committed, enduring relationships. While marital status alone can strongly predict health, it appears that moderating factors exist in this association. The quality of one's marriage can have a greater effect on health than marital status alone. We conducted a meta-analysis examining the strength of the influence that marital quality has on physical health, specifically indicated by mortality rates. To identify relevant articles, we searched multiple online databases (Embase, Psycinfo, Family and Society Studies Worldwide, and Academic …

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Long-Term Soil Fungal Community Recovery After Fire Is Impacted By Climate Change, Spencer Mcgee, Alyssa Tidwell, Erin Riggs, Hannah Veltkamp, Geoffrey Zahn Aug 2022

Long-Term Soil Fungal Community Recovery After Fire Is Impacted By Climate Change, Spencer Mcgee, Alyssa Tidwell, Erin Riggs, Hannah Veltkamp, Geoffrey Zahn

Western North American Naturalist

Though much is known about fungal importance to forest health, there is very little information about factors that impact recovery times of soil fungal communities after a fire. Soil samples were taken from burn sites within one ecotype of temperate coniferous forest in Utah over a 20-year chronosequence. Sites were selected from available historic burns and were similar in plant community structure, elevation, slope, and aspect. Fungal DNA from these samples was compared to soil from paired unburned sites nearby to measure community similarity and estimate soil fungal recovery rates. Differences between paired burned and unburned sites remained fairly stable …

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Genomics-Informed Nursing Care: A Survey Of Nicu Nurses' Experience And Perspectives Related To Genomic Sequencing, Rachel I. Anderson Aug 2022

Genomics-Informed Nursing Care: A Survey Of Nicu Nurses' Experience And Perspectives Related To Genomic Sequencing, Rachel I. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Genomic sequencing is used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) to diagnose babies with genetic disorders. Purpose: To explore the experiences and knowledge of nurses working in NICUs related to genomic sequencing. Methods: This was a mixed-methods, cross-sectional descriptive survey of NICU nurses attending a national conference. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were coded into categories and themes. Results: Of 188 NICU nurses, nearly half reported experience with genomic sequencing. Among nurses with experience, 62.7% rated the amount of discussion they had with families about genomic sequencing as "0". Additionally, 72.7% of participants reported …

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Catharanthine Modulates Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission: A Potential Treatment For Alcohol Use Disorder, Benjamin M. Williams Aug 2022

Catharanthine Modulates Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission: A Potential Treatment For Alcohol Use Disorder, Benjamin M. Williams

Theses and Dissertations

Catharanthine is derived from the Catharanthus roseus plant and is an analog to ibogaine, a drug that reduces opioid and alcohol withdrawal symptoms and decreases drug self-administration in both animals and humans. Catharanthine has promise to be an alternative pharmacological treatment for addiction without the adverse side effects associated with ibogaine. The objective of this study was to evaluate catharanthine’s effects on dopamine (DA) transmission in the mesolimbic DA system as well as determine its effects on both ethanol withdrawal induced anxiety and drug-seeking behaviors in mice. We hypothesized that catharanthine would inhibit evoked DA release in the nucleus accumbens …

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Elucidating The Relationship Between Self-Reported Disability And Functional Movement In Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Kelsey Ampudia Clark Aug 2022

Elucidating The Relationship Between Self-Reported Disability And Functional Movement In Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Kelsey Ampudia Clark

Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Low back pain (LBP) is often exacerbated by movement and, during functional movements, people with LBP tend to inherently modify their posture and movement patterns to avoid aggravating their pain further. Therefore, analysis of spinal movement in people with LBP is necessary and may lead to the identification of movement-based clusters for optimal treatment. PURPOSE: The overall purpose of this study was to investigate how movement patterns in people with chronic LBP relate to their subjective level of pain-related disability. First, we determined which spinal movements best discriminate between people with chronic LBP and asymptomatic controls; second, we ascertained …

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The Discovery Of Novel 14-3-3 Binding Proteins Atg9a And Ptov1 And Their Role In Regulating Cancer Mechanisms, Colten Mitchell Mcewan Aug 2022

The Discovery Of Novel 14-3-3 Binding Proteins Atg9a And Ptov1 And Their Role In Regulating Cancer Mechanisms, Colten Mitchell Mcewan

Theses and Dissertations

14-3-3 proteins are among a family of phospho-binding proteins that are known to regulate many essential cellular mechanisms. By binding to sites of phosphorylation, 14-3-3s are integrated into multiple signaling pathways that govern critical processes, such as apoptosis, cell cycle progression, autophagy, glucose metabolism, and cell motility. These processes are crucial for tumorigenesis and 14-3-3 proteins are known to play a central role in facilitating cancer progression. In this study, my colleagues and I discover two novel 14-3-3 interacting proteins, ATG9A and PTOV1, that are both vital to essential cellular functions and describe various mechanisms that these two proteins regulate. …

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Investigations Into Pressure Profile And Pressure Control In Wrist-Worn Health Monitoring Devices, Roger Mcallister Black Aug 2022

Investigations Into Pressure Profile And Pressure Control In Wrist-Worn Health Monitoring Devices, Roger Mcallister Black

Theses and Dissertations

To aid in the design of future wearable health devices (WHDs), contact pressure between the distal forearm (wrist) and two different wrist-worn devices was investigated in this work. The first device included eight force sensors arranged in series along the length of a wristband to measure the pressure profile. The band also included a tensioner device for manually tightening the band while on a wrist. Testing was done on dummy wrists and the results were statistically significant supporting the hypothesis that areas of the wrist with lower radius of curvature will experience higher contact pressures generally and a faster rate …

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Gendered Differences In The Effects Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Adolescent Substance Use, Emley A. Holcombe Aug 2022

Gendered Differences In The Effects Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Adolescent Substance Use, Emley A. Holcombe

Theses and Dissertations

Adolescence is a high-risk period for substance use, and the prevalence of adolescent substance use is a public health concern. Contributing factors for adolescent substance use are adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). ACEs are potentially traumatic childhood events that have negative associations with health and risk behaviors. The purpose of this study is to examine how the accumulation, timing, and duration of early ACEs (by age 5) impacts adolescent substance use. In addition, this study examines differences in these relationships by gender. Data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCW) were used for the logistic regression analyses. The results …

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Acceptance Finds A Way: How To Teach And Use Evolution's Explanatory Power, Daniel George Ferguson Aug 2022

Acceptance Finds A Way: How To Teach And Use Evolution's Explanatory Power, Daniel George Ferguson

Theses and Dissertations

The theory of evolution is the central combing theory that brings together all the tenets of biology that bring about a solid understanding of life. It is also one of the most controversial scientific theories of all time and is widely rejected by about 40% of the general public in the United States. One of the biggest reasons for low evolution acceptance is the perceived conflict between evolution and religious beliefs. Educators and researchers have been working hard to improve how we teach evolution in the classroom; some methods, such as focusing on evolution knowledge, have shown to be mixed. …

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Help-Seeking Experiences As An Individual With Suicide Ideation: A Qualitative Study About Seeking Help For Suicide Ideation, Makaela H. Caldwell Aug 2022

Help-Seeking Experiences As An Individual With Suicide Ideation: A Qualitative Study About Seeking Help For Suicide Ideation, Makaela H. Caldwell

Theses and Dissertations

Suicide ideation and suicide impact a rapidly rising number of individuals each year, however our society has not envisioned a way to increase help-seeking behaviors to decrease these numbers. The literature discusses many barriers and hurdles to help-seeking, but the focus of SI within the context of help-seeking has not been studied in depth. The purpose of this qualitative study was to increase knowledge on the process through which individuals determine how and whom to ask for help when experiencing SI. Two sections of themes were found: things that encourage individuals to seek or continue to seek help, and things …

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Getting Back On Track After Challenges: A Qualitative Analysis Of Repair Efforts In Intimate Relationships, Tiffany Reid Lotulelei Aug 2022

Getting Back On Track After Challenges: A Qualitative Analysis Of Repair Efforts In Intimate Relationships, Tiffany Reid Lotulelei

Theses and Dissertations

All couples confront conflict in their marriage. Finding ways to navigate couple conflict is a topic that has been explored for several decades among marriage researchers (Rollin & Dowd, 1979). Repair, a strategy to help reconcile a situation or conversation that has gone awry, is important in helping couples overcome conflict. When couples are not able to repair and move forward, resentment arises. Unfortunately, the research on repair and resentment is limited, and the complexity of these variables can make it difficult to conceptualize. The present study utilized a qualitative lens (grounded constructivist theory) to explore relational repair and resentment …

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Civil & Construction Engineering, Darrell Sonntag Aug 2022

Civil & Construction Engineering, Darrell Sonntag

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Air quality, Sustainable transportation, Vehicle emissions measurements, Modeling emissions and pollutant formation, Greenhouse gas emissions, Indoor air quality and wildfire smoke

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Poverty-Related Household Air Pollution: Effects Of Open-Fire Vs. Lpg Cookstoves On Markers Of Copd, Jim Johnston Aug 2022

Poverty-Related Household Air Pollution: Effects Of Open-Fire Vs. Lpg Cookstoves On Markers Of Copd, Jim Johnston

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Indoor Environmental Quality, Indoor Air Pollution and Bioaerosols, Occupational Health & Safety

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Nursing History And Philosophy, Sheri Tesseyman Aug 2022

Nursing History And Philosophy, Sheri Tesseyman

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

The nature and history of nursing and its relationship with medicine; comparative study of nursing in the US and the UK; the history of hospital nursing

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Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses, Brinley Zabriskie Aug 2022

Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses, Brinley Zabriskie

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Meta-analysis, Binary data, Public health & medicine

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Effects Of Vascular Risk Factors On Risk For Dementia And Stroke After Late-Onset Epilepsy, Evan Thacker Aug 2022

Effects Of Vascular Risk Factors On Risk For Dementia And Stroke After Late-Onset Epilepsy, Evan Thacker

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Brain health, Neuroepidemiology, Cardiovascular epidemiology

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Disease Landscape, Erik J. Nelson Aug 2022

Disease Landscape, Erik J. Nelson

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Sexual and reproductive health, Environmental lead exposure, Substance abuse disorders, Spatial statistics, Multi-level modeling

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Long-Term Impact Of Mental Wellness Courses On College Student Mental Health, Neil E. Peterson Aug 2022

Long-Term Impact Of Mental Wellness Courses On College Student Mental Health, Neil E. Peterson

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, healthy lifestyles including the use of technology in health promotion

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Intrapersonal And Interpersonal Predictors Of Hope In Adolescents, Megan M. B. Wilson Aug 2022

Intrapersonal And Interpersonal Predictors Of Hope In Adolescents, Megan M. B. Wilson

Theses and Dissertations

Hope is a variable that is defined in research as a positive outlook on one's future and a plan to achieve that future. Hope has been found to be positively correlated with self-esteem, optimism, and life satisfaction, and negatively correlated with suicide ideation and suicidality. However, there is a lack of research on predictors of hope in adolescents. Adolescents compose the age group that could arguably use the goal-oriented and positive outlook that hope provides the most. This study identified predictors of hope (i.e., depression, maternal and paternal support) in adolescents so as to know how society can give adolescents …

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Variational And Covariational Reasoning Of Students With Disabilities, Lauren Rigby Aug 2022

Variational And Covariational Reasoning Of Students With Disabilities, Lauren Rigby

Theses and Dissertations

Mathematics education reform has led to more conceptually focused instruction in the classroom. Yet, students with disabilities are receiving fewer chances than other students to engage in meaningful mathematics. Furthermore, a research divide between mathematics education and special education in mathematics has led to significant gaps in research on the individual and conceptual understanding of students with disabilities. Through task-based interviews and classroom observations, this study begins the process of closing this research gap through an examination of students' understanding of variational and covariational reasoning. Data suggest that the participants, two students with disabilities, increased their conceptual understanding in a …

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How A Racial Minority Status Impacts The Feeling Of Safety In Therapy, Bayleigh Serage Aug 2022

How A Racial Minority Status Impacts The Feeling Of Safety In Therapy, Bayleigh Serage

Theses and Dissertations

With the lack of adequate mental health care in racial minority communities (NAMI, 2021), more research is needed for clinicians to understand the racial minority client experience. This study aimed to explore the racial minority client's perception of safety during therapy. The MFT- PRN was utilized in order to assess safety for racial minority clients at the start of therapy and later on as the alliance changes. The study hypothesized that racial minority clients would initially report a lower feeling of safety in therapy and would show lower feelings of safety after four sessions of therapy when compared to demographic …

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Mental Health Services And Implementation Science, Cole Hooley Aug 2022

Mental Health Services And Implementation Science, Cole Hooley

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Scaling up mental health services, Dissemination and implementation science, Systems science

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Student Retention And Persistence In University Certificate-First Programs, Troy Martin, Randall Davies Aug 2022

Student Retention And Persistence In University Certificate-First Programs, Troy Martin, Randall Davies

Faculty Publications

While access to higher education has grown over the past few years, significant barriers exist for nontraditional students attempting to prepare for and complete postsecondary education. For these students, the traditional methods for acknowledging student achievement do not always work. This research explored the impact of earning professional certificates on nontraditional students’ confidence, motivation, and persistence. Specifically, this study evaluated the matriculation rates between two cohorts of students who participated in the online PathwayConnect program. The mixed-method study found that matriculation rates for students who were encouraged to earn a certificate increased compared to those who followed a traditional path. …

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In-Situ Chlorine Gas Generation For Chlorination And Purification Of Rare Earth And Actinide Metals, Mark H. Schvaneveldt Aug 2022

In-Situ Chlorine Gas Generation For Chlorination And Purification Of Rare Earth And Actinide Metals, Mark H. Schvaneveldt

Theses and Dissertations

Rare earth and actinide metals, critical to security, medicine, and the economy, have been processed through methods such as solvent extraction and electrorefining. To minimize radiological waste and improve yield, a 'chloride volatility' process--also known as the chlorination and volatilization process (CVP)--has been proposed and demonstrated for processing rare earths. The process takes advantage of the low vapor pressure of rare earth chlorides (<700 >°C), CaCl2 was added to LaCl3 to lower the melting temperature. LaCl3 electrochemical behavior has not previously been studied in CaCl2. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were applied to LaCl3 salts in CaCl2-LiCl …

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Using Narrative Cycles To Advance Teacher Educators’ Emotional Work And Practice In An Era Of Affective Polarization, Ramona Maile Cutri, Eric Ruiz Bybee, Erin Feinauer Whiting Jul 2022

Using Narrative Cycles To Advance Teacher Educators’ Emotional Work And Practice In An Era Of Affective Polarization, Ramona Maile Cutri, Eric Ruiz Bybee, Erin Feinauer Whiting

Faculty Publications

‘Affective polarization’ refers to the amount of negativity that people feel for those who belong to a political party other than their own. This self-study reports on our particular use of a narrative cycle model and documents its validity as a tool for doing the emotional work of exploring contradictions in one’s practice without the pressure of engaging in public emotional discourses. We focused on the contra- diction between our intention to teach anti-oppressive teacher edu- cation and inadvertently silencing students who exhibited affective polarization. Our narrative inquiry analysis documented patterns of our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that we assert …

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