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Ecological And Community Relationships Of Eriogonum Corymbosum (Polygonaceae) In The Uinta Basin, Utah, Jack D. Brotherson, Karen J. Brotherson

Great Basin Naturalist

Ecological and community relationships of 10 different plant communities in the Uinta Basin, Utah, where Eriogonum corymbosum was found to grow were studied and described. Each community was sampled to determine the amount of ground cover, percent composition, frequency, and density of participating species. Physical site factors, viz., soil texture, total soluble salts, pH, cation exchange capacity, and amounts of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium were determined. The 10 communities were compared to determine the degree of similarity between them. Correlations between individual plant species and measurable characteristics of the community were attempted. Evidence is presented that the distributional patterns …

Review Of Tularemia In Utah And The Great Basin, Harold E. Stark

Great Basin Naturalist

This is a compilation of tularemia research conducted in Utah, particularly at U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground (DPG), Utah, and an evaluation of this information in relation to the current status of tularemia studies. A brief history of tularemia in Utah and a review of field and laboratory studies are included.

Human cases of tularemia occur throughout Utah during all seasons of the year. An analysis of recent human disease reveals a concentration of cases in rural areas, with a greater seasonal occurrence in late summer and early fall.

Annual Energy Budgets For Three Common Rodent Species In The Northern Great Basin, R. Kent Schreiber

Great Basin Naturalist

Annual energy budgets were calculated for three species of small mammals (Peromyscus maniculatus, Onychomys leucogaster, Reithrodontomys megalotis) from the northern Great Basin, Benton County, Washington. Individual ingestion rates were based on species activity, microclimate regime, coefficient of digestibility, caloric diet, and the cost for reproduction. For males and females, the estimated energy expenditures were: P. maniculatus, 6080, 5891; O. leucogaster, 5714, 6587; and R. megalotis, 4057, 3791 kcal/yr. By comparison, each species on an individual basis processes more energy annually than the more abundant species in the community, Perognathus parvus, but their total contribution to community energy flow …

Phytoseiid Predators Of Mite Pests In Utah Apple Orchards, Clive D. Jorgensen, Vichitra Mongkolprasith

Great Basin Naturalist

Recent efforts to integrate phytoseiid predators in pest (mite) management programs for apples have been somewhat successful and economical in several fruit growing areas of North America. Convenient descriptions and reviews of the literature for species which have been collected from Utah are provided to stimulate further local work. Seven species of Amblyseius and five Typhlodromus are described (none new), with notes provided concerning their respective geographic distributions and biologies.

Ants From Northern Arizona And Southern Utah, Dorald M. Allred, Arthur C. Cole

Great Basin Naturalist

Ants of 22 species were collected in can pit-traps from 16 different vegetative associations to determine distribution, seasonal and annual occurrence, and population as bases for monitoring environmental impact. Thirteen species were sufficiently abundant and distributed to qualify as indicator species. Myrmecocystus mexicanus was the most widespread ecologically. Pogonomyrmex occidentalis was the most abundant species, but second in ecological distribution. The greatest number of species was found in the juniper-Ephedra-grass association, and the fewest species in Ephredra-Coleogyne-Grayia.

Beetles From The Environs Of Lake Powell In Southern Utah And Northern Arizona, Dorald M. Allred, Vasco M. Tanner

Great Basin Naturalist

Sixty-eight species of beetles of 14 families were collected in pit traps in 12 major vegetative communities during environmental monitoring studies in the summers of 1971 to 1973 in southern Utah and northern Arizona. Seasonal and plant community differences and correlations in population and composition were noted for the 16 sites studied. Highest populations and the most species were found in a grass community, but occurred in different months in each of the three years. Lowest populations were found in a Coleogyne community, and fewest species in an Artemisia-grass community.

Diatom Floristics And Succession In A Peat Bog Near Lily Lake, Summit County, Utah, Shobha A. Jatkar, Samuel R. Rushforth, Jack D. Brotherson

Great Basin Naturalist

Diatoms from core samples obtained from the edge of Lily Lake, Summit County, Utah, were studied. Populations from each 15 cm of the core and niche metrics of the important species were analyzed. This study demonstrates four periods of history in the lake as mirrored by the diatom populations. The first period was mesotrophic and alkaline. This graded into an acidic, dystrophic period which in turn yielded again to a mesotrophic alkaline period. The most recent period can be characterized by a return to dystrophy.

Vertical Distribution Of Adult Fish In Pyramid Lake, Nevada, Steven Vigg

Great Basin Naturalist

Inshore and limnetic vertical distribution of adult fish in Pyramid Lake, Nevada was determined from late spring to early fall 1977. The benthic (23 m) inshore area exhibited a relatively diverse composition of five species, while the inshore surface and offshore limnetic zones were composed of over 98 percent tui chubs (Gila bicolor). Vertical fish distribution was associated with temperature and zooplankton distribution.

Correction: Rhamnus Cathartica L. Is Not Prunus Nigra Ait. From Alberta, R Keith Shaw

Great Basin Naturalist

The plant previously reported from Alberta as Canada Plum (Prunus nigra Ait.) flowered and is now recognized European Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L.).

The Algal Flora Of The Campus Of Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, Cheng Mou-Sheng, Samuel R. Rushforth

Great Basin Naturalist

The algal flora of the Brigham Young University campus is more diverse than previously thought. Sixty-eight genera containing 160 species of Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Chrysophyta, and Cyanophyta were collected and identified. The greatest number of species was obtained from a small pond in the arboretum, with progressively fewer species obtained in the irrigation canal partly surrounding the campus and in specialized habitats in the greenhouses.

The Mammals Of Zion National Park With Emphasis On Ecology And Distribution Of Twelve Species Of Rodents, Paul A. Gardner

Theses and Dissertations

Information concerning the mammals of Zion National Park was needed for management purposes and general information. During the summers of 1975 and 1976, mammals observed throughout the park were recorded and habitat structure was measured for each animal at the immediate observation site. Ordinations based on stepwise discriminant analyses of the data on 12 rodent species were constructed and substantiated by Bray-Curtis analyses. The results showed that amounts of cover and boulders contrasted the habitats of Peromyscus eremicus, P. maniculatus, P. crinitus, P. boylii and P. truei. A second group of species--Eutamias minimus, E. umbrinus, Spermophilus variegatus, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, Dipodomys …

An Annotated List Of The Aquatic Insects Of Southeastern Idaho, Part Ii: Trichoptera, Robert L. Newell, G. Wayne Minshall

Great Basin Naturalist

Distribution records for the Trichoptera occurring in the southeastern one-third of Idaho are summarized based on published records and collections by the authors and their colleagues. The study revealed representatives of 13 families, 37 genera, and 84 species. Several species were collected for the first time in Idaho, including: Hesperophylax magnus, Limnephilus frijole and L. thorus, Psychoglypha ormiae, Ceraclea annulicornis and C. copha, Polycentropus crassicornis, Tinodes provo, and Agrypania dextra.

The Life Cycle Of Hydroperla Crosbyi (Plecoptera: Perlodidae), Reed Y. Oberndorfer, Kenneth W. Stewart

Great Basin Naturalist

Hydroperla crosbyi in Texas exhibited a univoltine, fast life cycle over the three-year study period. Adults emerged in February–March when mean daily stream temperature reached ca. 15 C. Reared females in the lab deposited up to three egg masses. Mean fecundity of dissected females was 787 eggs/female. Oviposition in the field was observed and described.

Eggs were triangular in cross section, brown, and measured 400 µm × 535 µm. They underwent an ca. seven-month diapause until mean daily stream temperature decreased to 18 C. Eyespots appeared, and hatching followed in two to three weeks. First instar nymphs were measured and …

Index [And Table Of Contents] To Volume 36

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 36 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Vol. 36 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

A Taxonomic And Ecologic Study Of The Riverbottom Forest On St. Mary River, Lee Creek, And Belly River In Southwestern Alberta, Canada, Robert K. Shaw

Great Basin Naturalist

The riverbottom forest community of St. Mary River, Lee Creek, and Belly River in southwestern Alberta, Canada, is a unique ecological entity characterized by poplar species having their major Alberta distribution along these streams. Stands in the community are dominated by three tree species, six shrub species, and nine herb species. Establishment of the community is dependent on climate and substrate; destruction is the result of progressive lateral stream-flow erosion. Soils are sandy loams above gravel, with pH values of 7.7 to 8.0 and soluble salt concentrations of 176 to 458 parts per million. Trees in mature stands averaged 23.0 …

The Cryptogamic Flora Of Desert Soil Crusts In Southern Utah, Davic C. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

The cryptogamic flora of several soil crusts of arid regions in southern Utah was determined. Twenty-two lichens, Six mosses and fifty-four algal species were identified and their relative abundance estimated.

Arachnids As Ecological Indicators, Dorald M. Allred

Great Basin Naturalist

In three ecological studies in the southern parts of Nevada, Idaho, and Utah, spiders of 138 species, scorpions of 10, solpugids of 29, and phalangids of 2 species were obtained by pitfall capture. Significant differences in species occurrence were noted between the three geographic and ecologically distinct areas. Within each geographic area, arachnids differed in species occurrence and abundance in different plant communities. Only three species of spiders and four species of scorpions were common to all three geographic areas.

Timpanogos Flora, Kelly W. Allred

Theses and Dissertations

A comprehensive floristic study of Mt. Timpanogos, Utah County, Utah, was undertaken. The Mt. Timpanogos area is a much used facility in recreation, biology, watershed development, livestock management, and education. It is also representative of a major segment of the overall flora of Utah. This study adds to the ever-increading knowledge of the flora of Utah, and provides a means of identifying the flora of this region, which is basic to any future management.

Diatom Phytoplankton And Periphyton Studies Of The Headwaters Of Henrys Fork Of The Snake River, Island Park, Idaho, Richard L. Clark

Theses and Dissertations

An ecological baseline study of the diatom flora was conducted on the headwaters of Henrys Fork of the Snake River, Idaho. The diatom flora of this spring fed drainage basin consisted of both phytoplankton and periphyton. Thirty-nine genera, two hundred forty-four species, eighty-two additional varieties, and seven additional forms were identified from these waters. Species of Melosira, Stephanodiscus, Fragilaria, Synedra, and Asterionella were found in the plankton of Henrys Lake and Island Park Reservoir. Diatoma, Fragilaria, Synedra, Eunotia, Achnanthes, Navicula, Pinnularia, Gomphonema, Cymbella, Nitzschia, and Surirella were the important genera present in the periphyton.

The Spatial Distribution Of The Nests Of The Black-Crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax Nycticorax) And The Snowy Egret (Leucophoyx Thula) In Central Utah, Randall S. Isham

Theses and Dissertations

Nests of the Black-crowned Night Heron and the Snowy Egret were examined in five central Utah colonies in 1973 to determine the spatial distribution within the colony. Nest locations of the 1085 nests of the two species were plotted to the nearest foot with an alidade and plane table. Tests of randomness, clump size, association, segregation, and T distribution were utilized. No differences between species were noted for the distance to the nearest and the next nearest nest. The Night Heron nested closer to other Night Herons and more often than did the Snowy Egret which non-significantly selected either species …

Some Aspects Of Vegetation Response To A Moisture Gradient On An Ephemeral Stream In Central Arizona, Deborah Ann Bloss

Theses and Dissertations

Ecological aspects of desert vegetation in relation to a moisture gradient of an ephemeral stream in central Arizona were investigated. The stream channel, flood plain and north, west, south, east facing slopes represent a moisture gradient going from most mesic to most xeric conditions. In parts of the system, vegetation from the stream channel intergraded into flood plain vegetation which in turn intergraded into slope vegetation types. In other areas there are sharp delineations between stream channel and flood plain, and between flood plain and slope. Trees and legumes preferred medium moisture habitats, while forbs, shrubs and succulents preferred the …

The Algae Of Huntington Canyon, Utah, Carol Jean Endsley

Theses and Dissertations

A taxonomic study of the algae of Huntington canyon, Emery County, Utah, was conducted from March 1971 to April 1972. The algal flora of this cold, fast-flowing, hard-water mountain creek consisted of ninety-five genera, one hundred ninety-six species, twenty-nine varieties, and two forms. This diverse flora was dominated by many different species with usually rather few individuals of Achnanthes, Cymbella, Diatoma, Gomphonema, Lyngbya, Navicula, Nitzschia, Oscillatoria, Synedra, and Ulothrix.

A Taxonomic And Ecologic Study Of The Riverbottom Forest On St. Mary River, Lee Creek And Belly River In Southwest Alberta, Canada, Robert Keith Shaw

Theses and Dissertations

The riverbottom forest community of St. Mary River, Lee Creek and Belly River in southwest Alberta, Canada is a unique ecological entity characterized by poplar species having their major Alberta distribution along these streams. Stands in the community are dominated by three tree species, six shrub species and nine herb species. Establishment of the community is dependent on climate and substrate; destruction is the result of progressive lateral stream-flow erosion. Soils are sandy loams above gravel, with pH values of 7.7 to 8.0 and soluble salt concentration of 176 to 458 parts per million. Trees in mature stands averaged 23.0 …

Growth And Development Of The Western Harvest Mouse, Reithrodontomys Megalotis Megalotis, Gary H. Richins, H. Duane Smith, Clive D. Jorgensen

Great Basin Naturalist

Growth rates, gestation period, litter size, reproductive age, sex ratios, and development were studied on 198 litters of Reithrodontomys megalotis megalotis (Baird). Growth was characterized by several standard skull and body measurements and was partitioned into four phases of 1–3, 4–12, 13–22, and 23–70 days. Growth was best described by measurements of tail length, ear length, and dried eye-lens weight. Reproductive activity began as early as 38 days for females and 59 days for males. The gestation period was 22 days, and the mean litter size was 3.83 (range 1–7). Sex ratio was 53.49 percent males to 46.51 percent females. …

Ecological Aspects Of Cercocarpus Montanus Raf. Communities In Central Utah, David Lee Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Ecological and environmental aspects relating to Cercocarpus montanus Raf. Communities were investigated. Twenty study sites were sampled and described. All factors were then analyzed utilizing statistical methods. Signigicantly correlated factors to C. montanus parameters (i.e., frequency, density, cover, height) were: positive correlation--percent clay, percent clay-silt, percent litter cover, and total soluble salts in soil; negative correlation--percent silt-sand, percent sand, soil pH; exposed surface rock, Amelanchier alnifolia cover, Gotierrezia sarothrae cover and altitude. Several individual factors were singled out as being of importance in C. montanus communities; howerver, it was shown that a combination of factors was most important in determining …

A Taxonomic Study Of The Western Collared Lizards, Crotaphytus Collaris And Crotaphytus Insularis, Nathan M. Smith, Wilmer W. Tanner

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

The heterogeneous nature of the collared lizards west of the Colorado River prompted this study. Samples from known populations of C. c. auriceps, C. c. baileyi, and C. c. fruscus were used as a base for defining the western populations. External morphology and cranial morphology were compared by cluster, canonical, and discriminant analyses.

Results of these analyses show a western complex of four populations which are distinct from the three base populations of the collaris complex. Members within the western complex are distinguishable with at least 90 percent reliability by discriminant analysis. Because of intergradation patterns seen in western Sonora, …

Pathological Changes In Tissues Collected From Kangaroo Rats At The Nevada Test Site, Michael Scott Fisher

Theses and Dissertations

Structural aberrations induced in chromosomes by irradiation have been described and classified in great detail (Bender, 1969; Arena, 1971). According to Bender (1969), these aberrations appear after exposure to ionizing irradiation following cell division, or persist unmodified and unrecognizable in interphase cells for many years. In either case, these aberrations persist and can be seen years after radiation exposure.

Studies On The Tolerance Of Aquatic Insects To Low Oxygen Concentrations, Arden R. Gaufin, Robert Clubb, Robert Newell

Great Basin Naturalist

Acute, short-term (96-hour) tests were conducted to determine the relative sensitivity of low oxygen concentrations to 20 species of aquatic insects. In addition, the longer-term effects of low oxygen levels on the survival, molting, growth, and emergence of 21 species were studied. This paper encompasses work conducted at the University of Montana Biological Station from 1968 to 1970 and at the University of Utah from 1966 to 1972.

An evaluation of the average minimum dissolved-oxygen requirements of the different groups of aquatic insects tested indicates that the mayflies are the most sensitive, that the stoneflies are next, and that the …