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Articles 271 - 300 of 422
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Aculeata Hymenoptera Of Sand Mountain And Blow Sand Mountains, Nevada, R. W. Rust, L. M. Hanks, R. C. Bechtel
Aculeata Hymenoptera Of Sand Mountain And Blow Sand Mountains, Nevada, R. W. Rust, L. M. Hanks, R. C. Bechtel
Great Basin Naturalist
There were 198 species of aculeata Hymenoptera in 15 families collected from Sand Mountain and Blow Sand Mountains, Nevada. Four species are considered new to science and none are considered endemic to either dune area.
A Bibliography Of Colorado Vegetation Description, William L. Baker
A Bibliography Of Colorado Vegetation Description, William L. Baker
Great Basin Naturalist
A list of 658 references to Colorado vegetation description is presented, along with county and subject indexes to the list.
Ants Of Utah, Dorald M. Allred
Ants Of Utah, Dorald M. Allred
Great Basin Naturalist
Distribution records, including 26 maps of specific collection localities and counties are given for 169 species in 29 genera of ants known to occur in Utah. In some cases intraspecific and interspecific morphological variations and behavior are noted. Taxonomic keys are included for the identification of subfamilies, genera, and species.
Nest Site Selection In Raptor Communities Of The Eastern Great Basin Desert, Dwight G. Smith, Joseph R. Murphy
Nest Site Selection In Raptor Communities Of The Eastern Great Basin Desert, Dwight G. Smith, Joseph R. Murphy
Great Basin Naturalist
Measures of niche breadth and overlap were used to compare nest site selection in a community of 10 raptor species and the Raven nesting in the eastern Great Basin Desert. Three variables were examined: nest site type, elevation, and exposure. Results suggest a division of component raptor species into relatively abundant core species that show wide niche breadths and uncommon fringe species with narrow niche breadths. Differences in use of each resource are most pronounced along elevation gradient in which three guilds are evident that correspond to raptor species groupings that nest at higher, middle, and lower elevations. Each guild …
Herpetological Notes From The Nevada Test Site, Wilmer W. Tanner
Herpetological Notes From The Nevada Test Site, Wilmer W. Tanner
Great Basin Naturalist
During the years 1965–1971, considerable data were gathered that included information concerning species not previously reported. These included Chionactis occipatalis talpina, Coleonyx variegatus utahensis, Crotaphytus collaris bicinctores, Cnemidophorus tigris tigris, and Sauromalus obesus obesus. Although complete information concerning their life histories is not reported, some information concerning growth and reproduction is included.
Vegetation And Soil Factors In The Relation To Slope Position On Foothill Knolls In The Uinta Basin Of Utah, Miles O. Moretti, Jack D. Brotherson
Vegetation And Soil Factors In The Relation To Slope Position On Foothill Knolls In The Uinta Basin Of Utah, Miles O. Moretti, Jack D. Brotherson
Great Basin Naturalist
Vegetation and soil differences with respect to slope position were studied on foothill knolls in the Uinta Basin of Utah. Plant communities on windswept ridges (top of slope) exhibited several unique characteristics when compared to the other slope communities. These communities at the top and base of slopes were sufficiently different in respect to plant life form composition, plant cover, wind-adapted growth forms, and percent exposed rock that they should be considered separate community types. Mineral concentrations in plant tissue and soil samples declined downslope in some cases and increased in others. Diversity decreased downslope as shrubs became dominant over …
Local Floras Of The Southwest, 1920–1980: An Annotated Bibliography, Janice E. Bowers
Local Floras Of The Southwest, 1920–1980: An Annotated Bibliography, Janice E. Bowers
Great Basin Naturalist
Local floras, that is, plant lists for relatively small areas, are widely scattered, often unpublished, and difficult to locate. Over 100 local floras from the southwestern United States (Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah) are listed and briefly annotated.
Observations On The Reproduction And Embryology Of The Lahontan Tui Chub, Gila Bicolor, In Walker Lake, Nevada, James J. Cooper
Observations On The Reproduction And Embryology Of The Lahontan Tui Chub, Gila Bicolor, In Walker Lake, Nevada, James J. Cooper
Great Basin Naturalist
Various aspects of the reproduction and embryology of Walker Lake Lahontan tui chub, Gila bicolor, were investigated during the spring–summer period of 1976, 1977, and 1981. Tui chub were found to spawn in littoral regions of the lake beginning in late May or early June. Early in the season male chub substantially outnumbered females over the spawning grounds, with a normal 1:1 sex ratio gradually approached as the season progressed. The developmental period between fertilization to hatch-out was shortened by increases in water temperature. Selected stages of embryonic development are described from egg fertilization through post-hatch.
Summer Food Habits Of Coyotes In Central Wyoming, Joseph Tucker Springer, J. Steven Smith
Summer Food Habits Of Coyotes In Central Wyoming, Joseph Tucker Springer, J. Steven Smith
Great Basin Naturalist
Summer food habits of coyotes (Canis latrans) were investigated on a 3100-km2 area in central Wyoming, divided into one deer-use area and five non-deer areas. Analysis of 404 scats (fecal samples) revealed an overall average of 63 percent occurrence of native ungulates, 63 percent leporids, 46 percent rodents, 14 percent livestock, and 11 percent birds. Pronghorn (Antilocapra Americana) was the ungulate most frequently consumed, occurring in about 87 percent of the scats. Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) occurred in only 8 percent, and in 5 percent the native ungulate remains were not identifiable beyond …
Feeding Interrelations Of Native Fishes In A Sonoran Desert Stream, Donald C. Schreiber, W. L. Minckley
Feeding Interrelations Of Native Fishes In A Sonoran Desert Stream, Donald C. Schreiber, W. L. Minckley
Great Basin Naturalist
Native fishes in Aravaipa Creek, Arizona, cropped foods proportional to abundance of those foods within the system. Ephemeropteran nymphs and adults comprised the major prey of 5 of 7 fishes (Gila robusta, Meda fulgida, Rhinichthys osculus, Tiaroga cobitis, and Catostomus insignis). The omnivorous Agosia chrysogaster ate almost as many nymphal mayflies as did the carnivores. Pantosteus clarki was herbivorous, taking animals only when they were abundant. When ephemeropterans decreased in abundance, a shift by some fish species occurred to other locally or seasonally abundant items. Other fishes continued to feed upon the same foods throughout the year. Abundance …
Contributions To The Life History Of Sacramento Perch, Archoplites Interruptus, In Pyramid Lake, Nevada, Steven Vigg, Paul A. Kucera
Contributions To The Life History Of Sacramento Perch, Archoplites Interruptus, In Pyramid Lake, Nevada, Steven Vigg, Paul A. Kucera
Great Basin Naturalist
During a two-year period (1976–1977), 180 Sacramento perch (Archoplites interruptus) were sampled from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, on a monthly basis using several capture methods in all lake areas. Age and growth determinations of these fish were inconsistent with previous research on this species. Sacramento perch are entirely carnivorous, adults feeding primarily on tui chub (Gila bicolor). Fish accounted for 6 percent of the diet (by volume) of Sacramento perch less than 300 mm fork length, and 98 percent for those exceeding 300 mm. Amphipods, Odonata, and Chironomidae composed 6.3, 5.7, and 1.8 percent, respectively, of the …
Bird Community Composition In Relation To Habitat And Season In Betatakin Canyon, Navajo National Monument, Arizona, Jack D. Brotherson, Lee A. Szyska, William E. Evenson
Bird Community Composition In Relation To Habitat And Season In Betatakin Canyon, Navajo National Monument, Arizona, Jack D. Brotherson, Lee A. Szyska, William E. Evenson
Great Basin Naturalist
Bird species density, diversity, and species richness in relation to habitat and seasonal variations were studied in the Betatakin Canyon area of Navajo National Monument, Arizona. The two most prominent habitat types are a riparian forest deep in the canyon bottom and a mature pinyon-juniper woodland on the mesas and slopes above the canyon. One hundred thirty-five species of birds were encountered during the study and recorded by season and habitat. The avifauna assemblages demonstrate definite habitat selection into groups associated with the riparian and pinyon-juniper woodland communities. Diversity, density, and species richness were greatest in the riparian habitat during …
The Invertebrate Fauna Of The Caves Of The Uinta Mountains, Northeastern Utah, Stewart B. Peck
The Invertebrate Fauna Of The Caves Of The Uinta Mountains, Northeastern Utah, Stewart B. Peck
Great Basin Naturalist
Seven large caves in the Uinta Mountains, Utah, were surveyed for their invertebrate faunas. Thirty-eight species were found, and 30 of these are typical cave inhabitants. Diptera are the predominant group. Cave-restricted species are an amphipod, two diplurans, and possibly a Rhagidia mite. The caves were probablv uninhabitable in the past glacial because of severe periglacial environmental conditions, and the faunas have moved into the present cave sites since deglaciation of the Uintas.
A Checklist Of The Alpine Vascular Flora Of The Teton Range, Wyoming, With Notes On Biology And Habitat Preferences, John R. Spence, Richard J. Shaw
A Checklist Of The Alpine Vascular Flora Of The Teton Range, Wyoming, With Notes On Biology And Habitat Preferences, John R. Spence, Richard J. Shaw
Great Basin Naturalist
A checklist of the vascular flora of the alpine zone (treeless vegetation above 9500 feet or 2900 m) of the Teton Range is presented. For each of the 216 species, six attributes are listed: flower color and shape, pollination mode, life form, habitat preference, and whether each species is found in the Arctic. White and yellow flowered species are most common, and zoophilous species greatly predominate over anemophilous and apomictic species. Perennial/biennial herbs are the most common life form. Common habitats in the alpine zone include dry and wet meadows, bogs, debris accumulations, and cliffs and rock faces. Arctic species …
Some Spatial And Behavioral Features Of The Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel, Tim W. Clark
Some Spatial And Behavioral Features Of The Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel, Tim W. Clark
Great Basin Naturalist
Some relationships between home range, agonistic behavior, and reproductive patterns in thirteen-lined ground squirrels were investigated in Laramie Plains, Wyoming (August 1966–April 1969). Population size and densities fluctuated seasonally and annually. Adult male (N = 7) home ranges averaged 0.24 ha and were smaller than those of the female (N = 9), which averaged 0.35 ha. Agonistic interactions were more frequent during the natal period (late May–June) than during the breeding-gestation period (mid April–May). Most squirrels (86 percent) shared capture sites and had overlapping home ranges. However, a certain degree of spacing existed because of agonistic behavior.
Compositional Similarity Within The Oakbrush Type In Central And Northern Utah, L. M. Kunzler, K. T. Harper, D. B. Kunzler
Compositional Similarity Within The Oakbrush Type In Central And Northern Utah, L. M. Kunzler, K. T. Harper, D. B. Kunzler
Great Basin Naturalist
Indices of similarity were used to evaluate the similarity of oakbrush stands throughout the Uinta National Forest and to compare oak communities in central and northern Utah. Results show that Gambel oak stands in central Utah differ significantly among themselves in respect to quantitative aspects of the vegetation. Those differences can be correlated with elevation, slope exposure, and fire history. Nevertheless, there is currently inadequate justification for recognizing more than one habitat type for the species in the study area. There is a need to develop a model capable of predicting growth rate of oak on specific sites.
Aquatic And Semiaquatic Vegetation Of Utah Lake And Its Bays, Jack D. Brotherson
Aquatic And Semiaquatic Vegetation Of Utah Lake And Its Bays, Jack D. Brotherson
Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs
Seven aquatic and semiaquatic communities surrounding Utah Lake and its bays are described. Similarities and differences in the community types are discussed. Prevalent species in each type are given. The flora contained 483 species, 150 of which were prevalent enough to be included in the quantitative data analysis. Distichlis stricta was the most important and widespread species. Total cover varied in the communities from 10 to 77 percent. Asexual reproduction was shown to increase in importance as moisture in the soil increased. Introduced exotic species were shown to invade most successfully those habitats that show the greatest variability in moisture …
Fishes Of Utah Lake, Richard A. Heckmann, Charles W. Thompson, David A. White
Fishes Of Utah Lake, Richard A. Heckmann, Charles W. Thompson, David A. White
Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs
There has been a drastic change in fish populations inhabiting Utah Lake during the last 100 years. When the pioneers first entered Utah Valley they found a well-established cutthroat trout population in Utah Lake and in the tributaries flowing into the lake. After intensive agricultural and industrial development this salmonid disappeared, and carp, white bass, and black bullhead are the common species today. The known history of the Utah Lake fisheries is summarized. Through proper management it is possible to establish a sport fishery of the common fish species currently in the Lake, including walleye, channel catfish, and largemouth bass. …
Plants Of Angel Island, Marin County, California, J. D. Ripley
Plants Of Angel Island, Marin County, California, J. D. Ripley
Great Basin Naturalist
The floristic composition of Angel Island, Marin County, California, is presented. The vascular flora consists of 416 native and naturalized plants, representing 252 genera and 73 families. Eighty species of ornamental plants persisting from cultivation, representing 64 genera and 39 families, are also identified. The nonvascular flora consists of 42 species of fungi, 7 species of green algae, 8 species of brown algae, and 41 species of red algae. The vascular flora occurs in seven plant communities and is composed mainly of the following plant types: forbs (69 percent), grasses (13 percent), shrubs (8 percent), and trees (4 percent). Approximately …
Socioecological And Soil-Plant Studies Of The Natural Vegetation In The Northern Mojave Desert-Great Basin Desert Interface, A. A. El-Ghonemy, A. Wallace, E. M. Romney
Socioecological And Soil-Plant Studies Of The Natural Vegetation In The Northern Mojave Desert-Great Basin Desert Interface, A. A. El-Ghonemy, A. Wallace, E. M. Romney
Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs
The purpose of this study is to further describe the distribution, habitats, and ecological characteristics of the natural vegetation in the northern sector of the northern Mojave Desert. Sixty-six stands were classified on the basis of shared leading dominant species. Each of these groupings is well defined and represents a sociologically distinct entity quite recognizable in the field. The relationships between each vegetational grouping and several environmental variables were statistically analyzed. Significant differences were found among plant groupings with respect to soil moisture tension, absolute and relative amounts of exchangeable Na, exchangeable K, cation exchange capacity, and elevation.
The analysis …
Preface, Arthur Wallace
Observations On Seasonal Variation In Desert Arthropods In Central Nevada, Robert D. Pietruszka
Observations On Seasonal Variation In Desert Arthropods In Central Nevada, Robert D. Pietruszka
Great Basin Naturalist
Pitfall and Malaise trap collections from terrestrial arthropod populations in central Nevada were analyzed for four trapping periods during the 1978 growing season. Mites (Acarina) and ants (Formicidae) were the taxa represented by the largest numbers of individuals in pitfall trap collections throughout the season; Malaise collections were composed mainly of aerial taxa (largely Diptera and Hymenoptera). Peak arthropod abundance was recorded during mid-June. Collection diversities for both trapping methods were generally low due to the abundance of a few taxa. Evidence for spatial heterogeneity in arthropod populations was meager; temporal heterogeneity in these populations, however, was more apparent.
Relationships Among Total Dissolved Solids, Conductivity, And Osmosity For Five Artemia Habitats (Anostraca: Artemiidae), Nicholas C. Collins, Gray Stirling
Relationships Among Total Dissolved Solids, Conductivity, And Osmosity For Five Artemia Habitats (Anostraca: Artemiidae), Nicholas C. Collins, Gray Stirling
Great Basin Naturalist
Graphs allowing interconversion between various physical chemical parameters are presented for five Artemia habitats in the western USA. Both the mean osmosity and its typical yearly range differ greatly among habitats. Consequently, Artemia populations provide an interesting opportunity to study physiological and life history adaptations to differing degrees of habitat stability.
Habitat And Plant Distributions In Hanging Gardens Of The Narrows, Zion National Park, Utah, George P. Malanson
Habitat And Plant Distributions In Hanging Gardens Of The Narrows, Zion National Park, Utah, George P. Malanson
Great Basin Naturalist
Hanging gardens are insular plant communities of the Colorado Plateau. This study examines hanging gardens in the Narrows, Zion National Park, Utah. The floristic similarity of gardens and the presence of species in classes of variables which characterize the habitat are disclosed. Although the gardens are isolated and dissimilar, the individual species are not restricted in the range of habitat found. Floristic dissimilarity cannot be attributed to differences in habitat. These results are compared to studies of hanging gardens in eastern Utah.
Short-Term Effects Of Logging On Red-Backed Voles And Deer Mice, Thomas M. Campbell Iii, Tim W. Clark
Short-Term Effects Of Logging On Red-Backed Voles And Deer Mice, Thomas M. Campbell Iii, Tim W. Clark
Great Basin Naturalist
Clearcutting and selective logging effects on red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were studied (September–November, 1975; June–October, 1976) in Bridger–Teton National Forest, Wyoming. Five selective cuts (total 137 ha) removed 57 percent (range 34–74 percent) of the trees. One clearcut (9.6 ha) eliminate 84 percent of the trees. Soils remained mesic in selective cuts, but became xeric in the clearcut. Snap-trapping indicated that voles were most abundant on the unlogged and selectively cut mesic sites (76 percent of 408 captures), whereas deer mice were more common on the xeric clearcut (80 percent of …
Some Aspects Of Succession In The Spruce-Fir Forest Zone Of Northern Utah, David J. Schimpf, Jan A. Henderson, James A. Macmahon
Some Aspects Of Succession In The Spruce-Fir Forest Zone Of Northern Utah, David J. Schimpf, Jan A. Henderson, James A. Macmahon
Great Basin Naturalist
A site in the Rocky Mountain subalpine forest zone with which a series of hypotheses concerning ecosystem succession was tested is characterized. Succession from herb-dominated meadows to climax forests of Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir can follow at least four identified pathways. After fire, spruce and fir may reinvade a site directly, follow invasion by aspen, or follow invasion by lodgepole pine, the pathway depending on a combination of physical and biotic factors. In other cases, succession begins with long-established meadows which do not owe their existence to fire. In this latter pathway, aspen invades meadows by suckering and changes …
Decreases Of Juniper Woodland In The Utah And Salt Lake Valleys Since Settlement, E. M. Christensen, J. D. Brotherson
Decreases Of Juniper Woodland In The Utah And Salt Lake Valleys Since Settlement, E. M. Christensen, J. D. Brotherson
Great Basin Naturalist
Although pinyon-juniper woodland is common throughout most of Utah, it is less so in Utah and Salt Lake valleys. Even so, stands do occur in the valleys and are known to have been there since presettlement times. Three such stands occurring along the eastern sections of the valleys have shown major decreases in area since settlement times, and one has all but disappeared. Their disappearance is attributed to early use for fuel, agricultural, and urbanization purposes.
Competitive Displacement As A Factor Influencing Phytoplankton Distribution In Utah Lake, Utah, Lorin E. Squires, Mark C. Whiting, Jack D. Brotherson, Jack D. Rushforth
Competitive Displacement As A Factor Influencing Phytoplankton Distribution In Utah Lake, Utah, Lorin E. Squires, Mark C. Whiting, Jack D. Brotherson, Jack D. Rushforth
Great Basin Naturalist
Phytoplankton studies during the summer of 1974 in Utah Lake, Utah, demonstrated the development of disjunct distributions of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Ceratium hirundinella. Differential response to environmental factors and competitive displacement are proposed as probable explanations for this phenomenon.
Flora Of The Lee Creek Valley, Alberta, Keith R. Shaw
Flora Of The Lee Creek Valley, Alberta, Keith R. Shaw
Great Basin Naturalist
The floristic composition of the Lee Creek valley in southwestern Alberta, Canada, is presented. The valley flora consists of 299 species of vascular plants representing 173 genera and 46 families. The flora is dominated by forbs (73 percent), followed by grasses (24 percent), shrubs (12 percent), and trees (11 percent). The valley of Lee Creek is divided into upper and lower sections on the basis of elevational, climatic, and biotic differences. Floristic richness of the Lee Creek valley is quite evenly divided between the upper and lower valleys: 105 species limited to the upper valley, 95 to the lower valley, …
Competition Between Harvester Ants And Rodents In The Cold Desert, Dan S. Landeen, Clive D. Jorgensen, H. Duane Smith
Competition Between Harvester Ants And Rodents In The Cold Desert, Dan S. Landeen, Clive D. Jorgensen, H. Duane Smith
Great Basin Naturalist
Local distribution patterns of three rodent species (Perognathus parvus, Peromyscus maniculatus, Reithrodontomys megalotis) were studied in areas of high and low densities of harvester ants (Pogonomyrmex owyheei) in Raft River Valley, Idaho. Numbers of rodents were greatest in areas of high ant-density during May, but partially reduced in August; whereas, the trend was reversed in areas of low ant-density. Seed abundance was probably not the factor limiting changes in rodent populations, because seed densities of annual plants were always greater in areas of high ant-density. Differences in seasonal population distributions of rodents between areas of high …