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An Adaptive Framework For Ecological Assessment And Management, David A. Mauriello, Richard A. Park Jul 2002

An Adaptive Framework For Ecological Assessment And Management, David A. Mauriello, Richard A. Park

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In this paper, we present a conceptual framework for integrating ecological models into a process for management of complex ecological systems. This conceptual framework, that we call Adaptive Ecological Risk Analysis, is an iterative process based upon ecological modeling, the development and implementation of management alternatives, and the evaluation of their effectiveness. Adaptive Ecological Risk Analysis depends heavily on the use of ecological models to perform both prospective and retrospective risk assessments and to analyze the outcomes of alternative management strategies. In order to illustrate the use of Adaptive Ecological Risk Analysis, we use the AQUATOX simulation model to examine …

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Environmental Foresight And Structural Change, M. B. Beck Jul 2002

Environmental Foresight And Structural Change, M. B. Beck

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Policy-makers and the public, it has famously been said [Brooks, 1986], are more interested in the possibility of non-linear dislocations and surprises in the behavior of the environment than in smooth extrapolations of current trends. How indeed should we design our models to generate environmental foresight, to detect, in particular, threats to our environment lying “just beyond the horizon”? In facing this prospect of potentially profound dislocations in behavior, the problem is that the number of state variables in the model, whether they interact, how they interact, and the form of their interactions, may be evolving over time. What may …

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Contaminated Industrial Sites, Real-Time Monitoring, Knowledge-Based Systems, Modelling, Knowledge Acquisition, Alexander Komarov, Oleg Chertov, G. Andrienko, N. Andrienko, Alexey Mikhailov, P. Gatalsky Jul 2002

Contaminated Industrial Sites, Real-Time Monitoring, Knowledge-Based Systems, Modelling, Knowledge Acquisition, Alexander Komarov, Oleg Chertov, G. Andrienko, N. Andrienko, Alexey Mikhailov, P. Gatalsky

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Decision support in sustainable forest management (SFM) has some specific features: a) it can perform quantitative prediction of forest ecosystem dynamics under different scenarios of SFM; b) it can spatially combine the predictions of different scenarios on the territory of a forest unit to support decisionmaking. We represent the integration of simulation modelling with the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA). The EFIMOD 2 is a spatially explicit individual-based ecosystem model, which was run for simulation of forest ecosystem dynamics at stand level on the territory of a state forest in Central European Russia. The DESCARTES software system designed to support …

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Immersive, Interactive Exploration Of Changing Landscapes, Christian Stock, I. D. Bishop Jul 2002

Immersive, Interactive Exploration Of Changing Landscapes, Christian Stock, I. D. Bishop

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

It is expected that the structure of rural communities and the visual landscape of the Cudgewa Valley in northeastern Victoria, Australia, will change markedly within the next 20 years. We are creating a portable environment for landscape simulation, using geographic information systems and virtual reality technology. This will allow the community and stakeholders of this valley to propose alternative land cover configurations, move through realistic renderings of the consequent landscape, and review outcomes on a variety of environmental, economic and social scales. A detailed three dimensional visual model of the region will be rendered using OpenGL Performer. People will also …

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Planit : A Multiuser 4d Decision Support Tool For Land And Water Resource Planning., P. W. Holyland Jul 2002

Planit : A Multiuser 4d Decision Support Tool For Land And Water Resource Planning., P. W. Holyland

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

PlanIT is a PC based decision support system (DSS) designed for end users from farmers to government agencies. It is designed to be a generic multi-user platform to integrate biophysical, economic, and social data and models in a user friendly format. The user interface is a 4D world, showing photos of the farm or catchment draped over terrain, that can vary through time. The software allows for mapping, and editing both natural and man-made objects within the landscape. The user can visualise, analyse, simulate, and cost land management options including building dams, digging drains, fencing, choosing crops, revegetating, and applying …

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A Conceptual Model For Integrated Assessment, Markus Knoflacher Jul 2002

A Conceptual Model For Integrated Assessment, Markus Knoflacher

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The challenge of integrated assessment is the integration of scientific and social aspects for the preparation of decisions. On one hand it is necessary to find scientific and technologically sound solutions, on the other hand the results should meet the interests of social groups affected by the particular project. In large projects it is also necessary to consider the effects on sustainable development. The bandwidth of the different aspects is in practise confronted with problems in acquisition of data, inhomogeneity and incompleteness of information about the actual conditions and the effects of the project. To solve the task in a …

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Egpe: A Computer Decision-Support Tool For The Ecomanagement Of Animal Manure As Agricultural Fertiliser, M. M. Vega, G. Carbonell, Mv Pablos, C. Ramos, C. Fernández, J. A. Ortíz, J. V. Tarazona Jul 2002

Egpe: A Computer Decision-Support Tool For The Ecomanagement Of Animal Manure As Agricultural Fertiliser, M. M. Vega, G. Carbonell, Mv Pablos, C. Ramos, C. Fernández, J. A. Ortíz, J. V. Tarazona

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

EGPE is an object-oriented model, which estimates the environmental distribution ofcontaminants within different environmental compartments and the specific risk associated with thesesdistributions and final concentrations. This model evaluates environmental impacts related to: a) the use ofsludge/manure as fertiliser, and b) direct discharges of slurry or effluents from treatment plants to waterstreams. The program takes into account the physico-chemical interaction processes occurring after thedischarge, estimating the downstream evolution of the following parameters: dissolved oxygen, organicnitrogen, ammonia, nitrites and nitrates. Within the estimations it is also included the environmental risk forthe aquatic communities related to quantified pollutants and the overall toxicity of …

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The Socioeconomic Importance Of Eco-Resort Management Practices, Christine Lim Jul 2002

The Socioeconomic Importance Of Eco-Resort Management Practices, Christine Lim

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In recent years, ecotourism has become an increasingly important alternative form of sustainable tourism. Couran Cove Island Resort, which is located on South Stradbroke Island off the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia, is an eco-resort on one of the world's few naturally occurring sand islands. As an ecotourism-based resort, Couran Cove is active in implementing a range of initiatives for sustainable management of its environment, which is particularly important as it is home to a wide variety of plant communities. Consequently, the resort has a niche market of ecotourists. This paper examines how Couran Cove Island Resort applies the principles …

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Multi-Model Integration In Decision Support System: A Technical User Interface Approach For Watershed And Lake Management Scenarios, David Lam, Luis F. León, Stuart Hamilton, Norm Crookshank, Derek Bonin, David Swayne Jul 2002

Multi-Model Integration In Decision Support System: A Technical User Interface Approach For Watershed And Lake Management Scenarios, David Lam, Luis F. León, Stuart Hamilton, Norm Crookshank, Derek Bonin, David Swayne

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Computer simulations using mathematical models provide useful tools to investigate different scenarios based on watershed management strategies and environmental conditions. To study the impact of these strategies and conditions, different models must be linked or coupled following hydrological pathways in air, soil and water. To connect one model to another successfully, we need to resolve a number of computational issues such as the compatibility of software tools and the consistency of the temporal and spatial scales and model assumptions used. To keep track of these issues and to provide efficient algorithms to resolve them, we propose to use a technical …

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Modelling Contrasted Management Behaviours Of Stakeholders Facing A Pine Encroachment Process: An Agent-Based Simulation Approach, Michel Etienne, Christophe Le Page Jul 2002

Modelling Contrasted Management Behaviours Of Stakeholders Facing A Pine Encroachment Process: An Agent-Based Simulation Approach, Michel Etienne, Christophe Le Page

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In Southern France, the Causse Méjan is a natural ecosystem of high biological diversity. Sheep farmers, foresters, and a National Park are interacting in this land subject to pine encroachment by Pinus sylvestris and P. nigra at different temporal and spatial scales. The stakeholders are concerned by this global biological process although it affects their management goals (sheep production, timber production, nature conservation) in very different ways. An agent-based model has been built with the Cormas platform. Vegetation changes in terms of structure, composition and productivity were simulated by a cellular automata that was initialised as a spatial grid of …

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Hoofs - A Multi-Scale, Agent-Based Simulation Framework For Studying The Impact Of Grazing Animals On The Environment, J. A. Beecham, S. P. Oom, C. P. D. Birch Jul 2002

Hoofs - A Multi-Scale, Agent-Based Simulation Framework For Studying The Impact Of Grazing Animals On The Environment, J. A. Beecham, S. P. Oom, C. P. D. Birch

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

An agent based system (HOOFS) has been developed in order to examine the interactions between foraging animals and a spatially explicit description of the environment, including vegetation growth processes. HOOFS makes use of the agent-based approach to develop a model of foraging in which animal decision making processes are explicitly modelled. The model has evolved from one where foraging decisions are based on a simple biased random walk model with an information weighting parameter, through one in which animals decide between direct walking towards an object as against continuous foraging, ending with a model where memory is used. The model …

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Framework Of A Regional Impacts Assessment Model And Its Application On Arid/Semi-Arid Region, Yinpeng Li, Jinjun Ji Jul 2002

Framework Of A Regional Impacts Assessment Model And Its Application On Arid/Semi-Arid Region, Yinpeng Li, Jinjun Ji

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Regional impacts assessment model is an indispensable tool for the study on environmental and economical change and the impacts on ecosystems. In this paper a regional impact assessment model AVIMia, which is an extended version of AVIM is designed. AVIMia is consists of two components: original AVIM (Atmosphere- Vegetation Interaction Model) and an impact assessment model. Over past 50 year the arid/semi-arid grassland of North China degraded severely due to the change in Climate and social economy. AVIMia is applied to assess the impacts of climatic changes and human activities on grassland in North China, based on historical data, and …

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Some Novel Information Systems For The Empowerment Of A Decision-Making Process On A Territory: Outcomes From A Four Years Participatory Modeling In Senegal, Patrick D’Aquino Jul 2002

Some Novel Information Systems For The Empowerment Of A Decision-Making Process On A Territory: Outcomes From A Four Years Participatory Modeling In Senegal, Patrick D’Aquino

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The Maps, the Geographical Information Systems (GIS), the Role-Playing Games (RPG) and the other participatory supports, the Multi-agent Systems (MAS): all are modeling supports designed through their conceivers' perception. Even in participatory approaches, these designing and modeling can take off towards technocratic, but often unconscious, drifts. Yet, a true empowerment of local governance means to let stakeholders and their principals totally handle their information and modeling systems. The mere access to information is certainly a first step but it is far from a true power over it, so long as this local people are not able to select, process and …

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Graphic Model-Based Software For Supporting The Search For Efficient Environmental Strategies: Method, Real-Life Applications And Future Developments, Alexander V. Lotov Jul 2002

Graphic Model-Based Software For Supporting The Search For Efficient Environmental Strategies: Method, Real-Life Applications And Future Developments, Alexander V. Lotov

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Application of a new graphic multi-criterion model-based approach to integrated assessment and screening of environmental strategies is described. The approach is based on integration of mathematical models and visualization of the Pareto-efficient (non-dominated) frontier. In the case of linear integrated models, the visualization is based on application of the Interactive Decision Maps (IDM) technique that visualizes the frontier in the form of multiple animated decision maps provided on-line. Interactive visualization of the Pareto-efficient frontier helps the user to understand potentialities of choice and criterion tradeoffs for 3 to 7 criteria. Moreover, the IDM technique supports identification of a preferred non-dominated …

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Using Models To Predict Methane Reduction In Pasture- Fed Dairy Cows, C. C. Palliser, S. L. Woodward Jul 2002

Using Models To Predict Methane Reduction In Pasture- Fed Dairy Cows, C. C. Palliser, S. L. Woodward

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Because New Zealand is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol Framework Convention on ClimateChange (1997), it is required to report national greenhouse gas emissions and maintain them at 1990 levelsby 2008-2012. New Zealand has one of the highest per capita levels of the greenhouse gas methane[Woodward et al., 2001] and most of this arises from gut fermentation from ruminants. Not only does thisruminant-produced methane contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, but it is also wasteful in terms ofenergy loss for the animal. This paper investigates the ability of four methane models within MOLLY[Baldwin, 1995] to model the methane production from a …

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M3 Project - Actor Based Simulation In Virtualworlds, Helge Rose, Torsten Asselmayer-Maluga, Peter Frank, Andreas Hoheisel, Walter Bertram Jul 2002

M3 Project - Actor Based Simulation In Virtualworlds, Helge Rose, Torsten Asselmayer-Maluga, Peter Frank, Andreas Hoheisel, Walter Bertram

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

M3 Simulation is a simulation approach that actively involves real human actors in a virtual reality environment based on multidisciplinary simulation models. This actor based concept aims at integrated simulation of complex processes belonging to heterogeneous levels of reality, paying specific attention to real human behavior. The entities of the real system under consideration are represented in a consistent object-oriented way by agents simulated by environmental models. This distributed network-capable implementation of the M3 system combines environmental modeling with the intuitive graphic representation, complex communication and interaction structures of virtual worlds in order to support the process of investigation of …

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Evaluating Management Strategies In Paraguacu River Basin By Analytic Hierarchy Process, B. Srdjevic, Y. Medeiros, Z. Srdjevic, M. Schaer Jul 2002

Evaluating Management Strategies In Paraguacu River Basin By Analytic Hierarchy Process, B. Srdjevic, Y. Medeiros, Z. Srdjevic, M. Schaer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

An approach is proposed for evaluating water management strategies in river basins. Reasonably large sets of criterions and objectives are manipulated during a three-phase process by appropriate shrinking and enlarging related decision hierarchies. In the first phase an unrestricted set of management interests are grouped into (1) long-term, and (2) middle- and short-term decision context by creating decision hierarchies and evaluating them by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). After refining the hierarchies by deleting dominated elements, management plans are introduced at their fingertips and so enlarged hierarchies are repeatedly evaluated by AHP in the second phase. Only two bottom levels …

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A Conceptual Approach To Multiple-Model Integration In Whole Site Risk Assessments, E. P. Albers, K. R. Dixon Jul 2002

A Conceptual Approach To Multiple-Model Integration In Whole Site Risk Assessments, E. P. Albers, K. R. Dixon

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In the past, models have focused on one environmental compartment, a single organism, or specific process. All of these topics are limited in scope and often fail to take into account the more complex interactions of the real world. We have endeavored to change this practice by combining environmental transport models with an animal movement model and a physiologically based toxicokinetics (PBTK) model that has an embedded effects model. The example we will depict consists of a hypothetical contaminant plume within a lake and the impacts on the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). We compared the PBTK output for the multiple-model …

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The Facilitator - An Open Source Effort To Support Multiobjective Decision Making, P. Heilman, Greg Davis, Paul Lawrence, Jerry L. Hatfield, John Huddleston Jul 2002

The Facilitator - An Open Source Effort To Support Multiobjective Decision Making, P. Heilman, Greg Davis, Paul Lawrence, Jerry L. Hatfield, John Huddleston

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Multiobjective Decision Support technology has matured to the point where new efforts should incorporate components of existing systems, rather than build everything from scratch. To help such efforts, the Java source code to a multiobjective decision support system called “The Facilitator” has been revised and released under the Mozilla Public License. This open source effort will be of interest to three groups. First, anyone needing a tool for multiobjective decision support can use the Facilitator. Users familiar with Java can now see how actions in the Facilitator are implemented or modify the user interface. Second, the open source approach might …

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Full Issue, Byu Studies Jul 2002

Full Issue, Byu Studies

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

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Full Issue Jun 2002

Full Issue

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

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Corporeal Resurrection: The Pure Doctrine Restored Through The Prophet Joseph Smith, J. Peter Hansen Jun 2002

Corporeal Resurrection: The Pure Doctrine Restored Through The Prophet Joseph Smith, J. Peter Hansen

Theses and Dissertations

During Jesus' earthly ministry He taught the pure doctrine of corporeal resurrection to His disciples. Some of them became special witnesses to the literal bodily resurrection of Jesus after His death. Over time, men's philosophies perverted the true doctrine of the resurrection. Those teachings became the orthodoxy of the early Christian church and were handed down to modern Christianity. The pure doctrine of corporeal resurrection was weakened, and in some sects, was lost.

The Lord restored the gospel through Joseph Smith. Part of the Restoration qualified him as a special witness of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. Through him pure …

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Theology His Profession, Botany His Passion: Thomas A. Bruhin, 1835-1895, Herbert Bruhin Jun 2002

Theology His Profession, Botany His Passion: Thomas A. Bruhin, 1835-1895, Herbert Bruhin

Swiss American Historical Society Review

In the little town of Schwyz, in the heart of the Swiss Confederation, on April 20, 1642, the joyous strains of Easter Mass had scarcely died away when a cry of "Fire!" was raised. Less than two hours later, the greater part of the town, which lies at the foot of the twin Mythen peaks about an hour's journey from Lake Lucerne, was a smoking ruin. Among the 47 houses destroyed were the presbytery, dating from 1594, the school, two inns, the mill with the mint, and the church with its tower and bells. Fortunately, it had been possible to …

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Movements And Home Ranges Of San Joaquin Kit Foxes (Vulpes Macrotis Mutica) Relative To Oil-Field Development, Bruce W. Zoellick, Charles E. Harris, Brian T. Kelly, Thomas P. O'Farrell, Thomas T. Kato, Marni E. Koopman May 2002

Movements And Home Ranges Of San Joaquin Kit Foxes (Vulpes Macrotis Mutica) Relative To Oil-Field Development, Bruce W. Zoellick, Charles E. Harris, Brian T. Kelly, Thomas P. O'Farrell, Thomas T. Kato, Marni E. Koopman

Western North American Naturalist

We examined the effect of oil-field development on movements and patterns of spatial use of San Joaquin kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis mutica) on the Naval Petroleum Reserves in California (NPRC) in the San Joaquin Valley. To do this, we compared movements and home ranges of kit foxes from June 1984 to September 1985 in areas developed for petroleum production (30% of native habitat lost to production facilities) and areas with little development (3%). Distances traveled nightly by kit foxes did not differ between levels of petroleum development or between sexes (P > 0.2). Mean length of nightly movements …

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Movements Of A Bullsnake (Pituophis Catenifer) Following Predation Of A Radio-Collared Northern Pocket Gopher (Thomomys Talpoides), Ray T. Sterner, Brett E. Petersen, Stephen A. Shumake, Stanley E. Gaddis, Jean B. Bourassa, Todd A. Felix, Geraldine R. Mccann, Kenneth A. Crane, Abbe D. Ames May 2002

Movements Of A Bullsnake (Pituophis Catenifer) Following Predation Of A Radio-Collared Northern Pocket Gopher (Thomomys Talpoides), Ray T. Sterner, Brett E. Petersen, Stephen A. Shumake, Stanley E. Gaddis, Jean B. Bourassa, Todd A. Felix, Geraldine R. Mccann, Kenneth A. Crane, Abbe D. Ames

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Late Pleistocene Mollusks From The Southern Black Hills, South Dakota, Christopher N. Jass, Jim I. Mead, Amy D. Morrison, Larry D. Agenbroad May 2002

Late Pleistocene Mollusks From The Southern Black Hills, South Dakota, Christopher N. Jass, Jim I. Mead, Amy D. Morrison, Larry D. Agenbroad

Western North American Naturalist

Pleistocene-age mollusks recovered from the Nelson-Wittenberg Site and Mammoth Site provide information on paleoenvironments of the southern Black Hills, South Dakota. New mollusk records for the Mammoth Site include Vertigo modesta, Catinella sp., and Gyraulus parvus. The presence of V. modesta, Columella columella alticola, and Pupilla muscorum at the Nelson-Wittenberg Site suggests cooler than modern conditions in the Black Hills during the Pleistocene. Although the majority of identified taxa are consistent with previous interpretations of an arid, shrubsteppe environment for the Black Hills during the Wisconsin Glaciation, V. modesta and C. c. alticola suggest the presence of at least …

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Patterns Of Energy Allocation Within Foragers Of Formica Planipilis And Pogonomyrmex Salinus, Peter Nonacs May 2002

Patterns Of Energy Allocation Within Foragers Of Formica Planipilis And Pogonomyrmex Salinus, Peter Nonacs

Western North American Naturalist

Foraging workers of Formica planipilis and Pogonomyrmex salinus were collected at various distances from their colony by pitfall traps in the former species and by catching workers recruited to food at known locations in the latter. In F. planipilis the number of larger workers increased in proportional representation to distance from the nest. Larger workers also weighed relatively less with distance from the nest, indicating that energy or water allocated for maintaining all foragers is patterned such that resource loss with forager mortality is minimized. However, the smallest size class involved in foraging shows the opposite pattern, with heavier individuals …

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Do Jaguars (Panthera Onca) Depend On Large Prey?, Carlos A. López González, Brian J. Miller May 2002

Do Jaguars (Panthera Onca) Depend On Large Prey?, Carlos A. López González, Brian J. Miller

Western North American Naturalist

The jaguar (Panthera onca) has been classified as an opportunistic hunter that takes as many as 85 prey species, according to availability. In this study we analyzed jaguar food habits throughout its range to quantify the importance of small, medium, and large prey in the diet. Because peccaries (Tayassu) are present in most studies, we also tested their importance in relation to other prey items. We conclude that jaguars are equally using medium- and large-size prey, with a trend toward use of larger prey as distance increases from the equator. There was no significant difference between …

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The Effect Of Flooding On Northern Bobwhites, Roger D. Applegate, Christopher K. Williams, R. Scott Lutz May 2002

The Effect Of Flooding On Northern Bobwhites, Roger D. Applegate, Christopher K. Williams, R. Scott Lutz

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Herpetofauna Of The Southern Snake Range Of Nevada And Surrounding Valleys, Kirk Setser, Jesse M. Meik, Daniel G. Mulcahy May 2002

Herpetofauna Of The Southern Snake Range Of Nevada And Surrounding Valleys, Kirk Setser, Jesse M. Meik, Daniel G. Mulcahy

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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