Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Brigham Young University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 6211 - 6240 of 10256

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Eliza R. Snow's Poetry, Jill Mulvay Derr, Karen L. Davidson Jul 2009

Eliza R. Snow's Poetry, Jill Mulvay Derr, Karen L. Davidson

BYU Studies

As plural wife of two prophets and sister of a third, as an admired leader of women, and as an acknowledged voice of the Saints to the outside world, Eliza R. Snow was as close to the center of formative events and ideas as any woman of early Mormondom. More than her let- ters, discourses, or journals, her poems are comprehensive in their scope and as immediate as snapshots in their depiction of Mormon culture. The more than five hundred poems written by Snow capture the lived Mormonism of the nineteenth century, where revelation and history intersected and Latter-day Saints …

Go to article

The Effects Of Intensive Lower Limb Training On The Speech Of Patients With Parkinson's Disease, Lauren Fjeldsted Allen Jun 2009

The Effects Of Intensive Lower Limb Training On The Speech Of Patients With Parkinson's Disease, Lauren Fjeldsted Allen

Theses and Dissertations

Research has documented the positive effects of physical therapy as a treatment for limb motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies have shown that speech and voice measures can be reflective of overall cardiovascular health and fitness in young, middle-aged, and older adults. In healthy individuals, increased respiratory drive has been found to influence vocal function and speech articulation. The rationale for the present study was that improved lower limb function might lead to improvements in overall fitness, which then may influence speech in individuals with Parkinson's disease. To investigate this premise, 10 participants diagnosed with mild to …

Go to article

Finish-A-Rhyme-Story: A Rhyme Cloze Assessment For Preschool Children, Kimberly Jeanne Condie Jun 2009

Finish-A-Rhyme-Story: A Rhyme Cloze Assessment For Preschool Children, Kimberly Jeanne Condie

Theses and Dissertations

Educators need measurement tools to determine phonological awareness in young children. This study investigated the appropriateness of rhyme cloze tasks, referred to as Finish-a-Rhyme-Story items, which were designed to measure preschool and kindergarten children's early rhyme development. The rhyme cloze tasks required children to verbally complete a sentence by filling in a final rhyming word that matched a rhyme pattern highlighted in a short story that was read aloud to them. The task required rhyme awareness as well as comprehension of the language in the story. Twenty-four items were individually administered to preschool (n = 207) and kindergarten (n = …

Go to article

Shootin Up The Past: Terministic Frontiers In Angle Of Repose And High Noon, James C. Dalrymple Jun 2009

Shootin Up The Past: Terministic Frontiers In Angle Of Repose And High Noon, James C. Dalrymple

Theses and Dissertations

The West has long been an important geographic and symbolic space for the United States. In the 19th and 20th centuries that space became the subject of numerous popular works of fiction, first in print and later in the cinema. These texts eventually formed a specialized genre, the Western, which had its own conventions, styles, and themes. Wallace Stegner's Angle of Repose and Fred Zinnemann's High Noon, both seminal western texts from the mid-twentieth century, seek to reinterpret those conventions. While the Western is often characterized as a genre of violent masculinity and rugged individualism, these two texts employ conventional …

Go to article

Student And Teacher Perceptions Of Motivational Strategies In The Foreign Language Classroom, Ashley Ruesch Jun 2009

Student And Teacher Perceptions Of Motivational Strategies In The Foreign Language Classroom, Ashley Ruesch

Theses and Dissertations

Motivational research has recently shifted focus to include what role teachers, and the motivational strategies they use, play in the language learning classroom (Cheng & Dörnyei, 2007; Dörnyei & Csizer, 1998). Motivational research has traditionally gathered data from either teachers or students. However, researchers have recently been calling for a shift in focus from this individualistic perspective to evaluating motivation more holistically (Dörnyei, 2001a; Oxford, 2003; Ushioda, 2006). Nevertheless, few studies have included the opinions of both the students and teachers. This study has elicited the opinions of both students and teachers to find out which teaching practices both groups …

Go to article

An Irresistible Invitation: Enhancing Academic Publication In Rhetoric And Composition By Inviting Online Peer Commentary, Sarah L. Cutler Jun 2009

An Irresistible Invitation: Enhancing Academic Publication In Rhetoric And Composition By Inviting Online Peer Commentary, Sarah L. Cutler

Theses and Dissertations

In many ways the current publishing system in rhetoric and composition, which centers on the peer-reviewed journal, undermines core values we hold for ideal scholarly communication. These values include collaboration, dialogue, participation, and public engagement. Though the current system's methods of preserving, distributing, and maintaining quality control of scholarly work contradict our values, technological developments have made possible alternative publishing models that could better uphold our values. Developing a preprint archive where scholars develop and share ideas before submitting them for publication in traditional peer-reviewed journals would bring our publishing process closer to our ideals.

Go to article

Text And Tapestry: "The Lady And The Unicorn," Christine De Pizan And The Le Vistes, Shelley Williams May 2009

Text And Tapestry: "The Lady And The Unicorn," Christine De Pizan And The Le Vistes, Shelley Williams

Theses and Dissertations

The luminous, famous and enigmatic The Lady and the Unicorn tapestries are timelss objects at the center of heated scholarly discussion. There are six tapestries, created circa 1480-1500 (figures 1 – 6), and were commissioned by the le Viste family of Lyon, whose heraldic arms appear in each tapestry. This paper seeks to connect the tapestries conceptually to contemporary courtly, feminine ideals, the image of woman in late fifteenth-century Paris, and most importantly to Christine de Pizan's writings, particularly City of Ladies and The Treasury of the City of Ladies, both written in 1405. Through her texts, Christine de Pizan …

Go to article

Lactate Threshold: The Comparison Of Running On A Land Treadmill Versus Head-Out Water Immersion Treadmill Running, Stephanie Alyce Jones May 2009

Lactate Threshold: The Comparison Of Running On A Land Treadmill Versus Head-Out Water Immersion Treadmill Running, Stephanie Alyce Jones

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction. Exercise and head-out water immersion (HOI) have consistently reported an increase in central blood volume associated with the cephalad shift in blood volume. This causes an increase in left ventricular end diastolic volume and greater stroke volume during exercise compared to exercise in air at similar metabolic costs. In contrast, the metabolic response, specifically, blood lactate accumulation during exercise combined with HOI has yielded varying results depending on the mode of exercise. At present it appears that during exercise at similar metabolic costs, cycle ergometry exercise augments plasma lactate over treadmill running while HOI reduces the plasma lactate response …

Go to article

Exploring Calvin And Hobbes: Comic Strip Illuminates Issues Surrounding Family Recreation, Christijan D. Draper May 2009

Exploring Calvin And Hobbes: Comic Strip Illuminates Issues Surrounding Family Recreation, Christijan D. Draper

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to inductively examine the content of the popular comic strip Calvin and Hobbes by analyzing its latent and subjective meaning to discover basic social psychological issues associated with family recreation. The entire collection of 1,360 Calvin and Hobbes strips was evaluated using Grounded Theory techniques influenced by the art scholarship evaluation tool iconography. Review of the strip suggests one way to assess the meaning associated with time use is through preemptive retrospection by which a person looks at current experiences through the lens of an anticipated future to estimate how meaningful that time will …

Go to article

Transcriptomic Analysis Of The Entomopathogenic Nematode Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Tto1, Byron J. Adams, Xiaodong Bai, Todd A. Ciche, Sandra Clifton, Randy Gaugler, Parwinder S. Grewal, Saskia A. Hogenhout, John Spieth, Paul W. Sternberg, Richard K. Wilson Apr 2009

Transcriptomic Analysis Of The Entomopathogenic Nematode Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Tto1, Byron J. Adams, Xiaodong Bai, Todd A. Ciche, Sandra Clifton, Randy Gaugler, Parwinder S. Grewal, Saskia A. Hogenhout, John Spieth, Paul W. Sternberg, Richard K. Wilson

Faculty Publications

Background: The entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and its symbiotic bacterium, Photorhabdus luminescens, are important biological control agents of insect pests. This nematode-bacterium-insect association represents an emerging tripartite model for research on mutualistic and parasitic symbioses. Elucidation of mechanisms underlying these biological processes may serve as a foundation for improving the biological control potential of the nematode-bacterium complex. This large-scale expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis effort enables gene discovery and development of microsatellite markers. These ESTs will also aid in the annotation of the upcoming complete genome sequence of H. bacteriophora. Results: A total of 31,485 high quality ESTs were generated …

Go to article

Ionic Selectivity In L-Type Calcium Channels By Electrostatics And Hard-Core Repulsion, Dezso Boda, Douglas Henderson, Monika Valisko, Bob Eisenberg, Dirk Gillespie Apr 2009

Ionic Selectivity In L-Type Calcium Channels By Electrostatics And Hard-Core Repulsion, Dezso Boda, Douglas Henderson, Monika Valisko, Bob Eisenberg, Dirk Gillespie

Faculty Publications

A physical model of selective "ion binding" in the L-type calcium channel is constructed, and consequences of the model are compared with experimental data. This reduced model treats only ions and the carboxylate oxygens of the EEEE locus explicitly and restricts interactions to hard-core repulsion and ion–ion and ion–dielectric electrostatic forces. The structural atoms provide a flexible environment for passing cations, thus resulting in a self-organized induced-fit model of the selectivity filter. Experimental conditions involving binary mixtures of alkali and/or alkaline earth metal ions are computed using equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble. The model pore rejects …

Go to article

Regional And Seasonal Diet Of The Western Burrowing Owl In South Central Nevada, Derek B. Hall, Paul D. Greger, Jeffrey R. Rosier Apr 2009

Regional And Seasonal Diet Of The Western Burrowing Owl In South Central Nevada, Derek B. Hall, Paul D. Greger, Jeffrey R. Rosier

Western North American Naturalist

We examined diets of Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) based on contents of pellets and large prey remains collected year-round at burrows in each of the 3 regions in south central Nevada (Mojave Desert, Great Basin Desert, and Transition region). The most common prey items, based on percent frequency of occurrence, were crickets and grasshoppers, beetles, rodents, sun spiders, and scorpions. The most common vertebrate prey was kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spp.). True bugs (Hemiptera), scorpions, and western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis) occurred most frequently in pellets from the Great Basin Desert region. Kangaroo rats …

Go to article

Multiple-Scale Roost Habitat Comparisons Of Female Merriam's Wild Turkeys In The Southern Black Hills, South Dakota, Daniel J. Thompson, Mark A. Rumble, Lester D. Flake, Chad P. Lehman Apr 2009

Multiple-Scale Roost Habitat Comparisons Of Female Merriam's Wild Turkeys In The Southern Black Hills, South Dakota, Daniel J. Thompson, Mark A. Rumble, Lester D. Flake, Chad P. Lehman

Western North American Naturalist

Because quantity and quality of roosting habitat can affect Merriam's Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo merriami) distribution, we described habitat characteristics of Merriam's turkey roost sites in the southern Black Hills of South Dakota. Varying proportions of Merriam's turkeys in the southern Black Hills depended on supplemental feed from livestock operations during the 2 winters of our study, whereas the remainder wintered in forested habitat away from supplemental feed. We compared characteristics of roost habitat occupied by female turkeys from both groups. We located turkeys with radio-transmitters in the early morning and late evening to find roost sites. Female …

Go to article

Dynamic Responses Of A British Columbian Forest-Grassland Interface To Prescribed Burning, Kim Ducherer, Yuguang Bai, Don Thompson, Klaas Broersma Apr 2009

Dynamic Responses Of A British Columbian Forest-Grassland Interface To Prescribed Burning, Kim Ducherer, Yuguang Bai, Don Thompson, Klaas Broersma

Western North American Naturalist

Ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa and Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii forests in the Interior of British Columbia, Canada, are adjacent to grasslands. Forest ingrowth and tree encroachment, mainly due to fire suppression, represent threats to both forest and ranching industries in the region. The use of prescribed burning for ecological restoration is being practiced, but the associated ecosystem effects of restoration treatments have been little studied in the region. We used a randomized complete block design in a prescribed burning experiment. Tree survival and the responses of understory vegetation to burning were monitored for 3 years. The transect method along with crown …

Go to article

Relationship Between Cheatgrass Coverage And The Relative Abundance Of Snakes On Antelope Island, Utah, Lucas K. Hall, John F. Mull, John F. Cavitt Apr 2009

Relationship Between Cheatgrass Coverage And The Relative Abundance Of Snakes On Antelope Island, Utah, Lucas K. Hall, John F. Mull, John F. Cavitt

Western North American Naturalist

Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is an invasive annual known to negatively impact many shrub-dependent organisms; however, relatively little research has examined how it affects snake communities. Bromus tectorum is abundant at Antelope Island State Park, Davis County, Utah, and could be a possible threat to snake populations. Study sites representing different B. tectorum coverage percentages were established to measure relative abundance of snakes. Snakes were captured from June to September 2005 primarily by using funnel traps attached to drift-fence arrays. Linear regression revealed a negative relationship between B. tectorum coverage (%) and the relative abundance of the Great Basin …

Go to article

Sperm Viability In The Reproductive Tract Of Females In A Population Of Sceloporus Mucronatus Exhibiting Asynchronous Reproduction, Angela M. Ortega-León, Maricela Villagrán–Santa Cruz, J. Jamie Zúñiga-Vega, Raúl Cueva–Del Castillo, Fausto R. Méndez–De La Cruz Apr 2009

Sperm Viability In The Reproductive Tract Of Females In A Population Of Sceloporus Mucronatus Exhibiting Asynchronous Reproduction, Angela M. Ortega-León, Maricela Villagrán–Santa Cruz, J. Jamie Zúñiga-Vega, Raúl Cueva–Del Castillo, Fausto R. Méndez–De La Cruz

Western North American Naturalist

Asynchronous reproduction is a common phenomenon in high-elevation populations of lizards from Central México. Sperm storage in the reproductive tract of females is the mechanism for making oocyte fertilization possible. Our study addresses questions related to functional oviductal sperm storage of females mating on different dates throughout the reproductive season. A population of Sceloporus mucronatus with copulation in the summer and ovulation in the fall was chosen for this experiment. Eleven females that copulated in the field during June and 13 females that copulated in captivity during August were maintained in the laboratory until parturition. The number of pregnant females …

Go to article

Grass Rhizosheaths: Associated Bacterial Communities And Potential For Nitrogen Fixation, David Bergmann, Mike Zehfus, Linda Zierer, Brian Smith, Mark Gable Apr 2009

Grass Rhizosheaths: Associated Bacterial Communities And Potential For Nitrogen Fixation, David Bergmann, Mike Zehfus, Linda Zierer, Brian Smith, Mark Gable

Western North American Naturalist

Rhizosheaths are structures composed of mucilage secreted from plants and adherent soil particles that form a cylinder around the root. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we observed bacteria associated with rhizosheaths of the grasses Achnatherum hymenoides, Calamovilfa longifolia, Hesperostipa comata, and Pascopyrum smithii from a sand dune area in Harding County in northwestern South Dakota. The greatest numbers of bacteria, observed with SEM (529 mm−2), and the greatest number of culturable bacteria (9.9 × 107 CFU · g−1 or 5178 CFU · mm−2) were on rhizosheaths of C. longifolia. Rhizosheaths of all the grasses …

Go to article

Maternal Defensive Behavior Of Mountain Goats Against Predation By Golden Eagles, Sandra Hamel, Steeve D. Côté Apr 2009

Maternal Defensive Behavior Of Mountain Goats Against Predation By Golden Eagles, Sandra Hamel, Steeve D. Côté

Western North American Naturalist

Maternal defensive behavior against predators may appear risky but is common in many species. Herein we describe maternal defensive behavior of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) against Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) predatory attempts. We found that Golden Eagles attacked goats in 1.9% of sightings (n = 311 sightings of active Golden Eagles over 12 years) but were never successful. Mothers always defended their young against Golden Eagle attacks. Predation by Golden Eagles on young-of-the-year appears low for most ungulate species, including mountain goats. The benefits of defending offspring against eagles are likely high in ungulates, and …

Go to article

Home-Range Size And Overlap Of Sympatric Male Mule And White-Tailed Deer In Texas, Kristina J. Brunjes, Warren B. Ballard, Mary H. Humphrey, Fielding Harwell, Nancy E. Mcintyre, Paul R. Krausman, Mark C. Wallace Apr 2009

Home-Range Size And Overlap Of Sympatric Male Mule And White-Tailed Deer In Texas, Kristina J. Brunjes, Warren B. Ballard, Mary H. Humphrey, Fielding Harwell, Nancy E. Mcintyre, Paul R. Krausman, Mark C. Wallace

Western North American Naturalist

Information about the ecology of sympatric male deer is limited, which may influence management strategies for these species. We estimated home-range and core-area sizes and overlap, and survival of sympatric male desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus eremicus) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in west central Texas. We captured 18 males of each species, fitted them with radio-collars, and monitored them for mortality from 2000 through 2003. We calculated home ranges for 7 males of each species in 2001 and 2002. Home-range sizes of mule deer (8.8 km2) and white-tailed deer (7.4 km2) …

Go to article

Bats Associated With Inactive Mines In The Western Great Basin, Michael L. Morrison, Sue Fox Apr 2009

Bats Associated With Inactive Mines In The Western Great Basin, Michael L. Morrison, Sue Fox

Western North American Naturalist

We surveyed bats using echolocation calls near inactive mines in the western Great Basin from 2003 to 2007. We identified 14 species of bats during our surveys, with Myotis lucifugus and Lasionycteris noctivagans found at 9 sites and Myotis evotis and Tadarida brasiliensis at 7 sites; all other species were found at less than one-half of the sites. Euderma maculatum, a state-protected species in Nevada, was recorded at 2 sites. Our work provides information that will be useful in managing bat habitat, especially with regard to mining activities.

Go to article

Distribution, Function, And Value Of Parowan Valley Projectile Points, Aaron R. Woods Apr 2009

Distribution, Function, And Value Of Parowan Valley Projectile Points, Aaron R. Woods

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis primarily addresses the quantities and distributions of Fremont projectile points in the Parowan Valley. First, I review previous research performed in Parowan Valley and outline currently accepted projectile point analysis and typology methods. I also review ethnographic data surrounding the function and value of projectile points. Then, I provide the results of an analysis of all projectile points in the Parowan Valley Archaeological Project collection. I note the large amount of projectile points in this collection and compare it to projectile point counts from other large Fremont sites.I also note chronological patterns in Parowan Valley using projectile points …

Go to article

Perceptions Of Spirituality And Perceptions Of God Image: A Qualitative Study, Christopher Elson Peck Apr 2009

Perceptions Of Spirituality And Perceptions Of God Image: A Qualitative Study, Christopher Elson Peck

Theses and Dissertations

The vast majority of people living in the U.S. report that spirituality is an important part of their life. Ironically, the field of psychology has largely ignored the spiritual beliefs and experiences that so many people see as central to their well-being. Empirical study of spirituality, along with people's differing perceptions of their relationship to God, is a viable area of study for psychologists. This dissertation examines both spirituality and God image and the relationship between these two constructs using qualitative hermeneutic analysis. Findings showed a difficulty defining spirituality among other themes. Findings also showed that individuals' experiences with God …

Go to article

Paleoindian Lifeways Of Paleoarchaic Peoples: A Faunal Analysis Of Early Occupations At North Creek Shelter, Utah, Bradley A. Newbold Apr 2009

Paleoindian Lifeways Of Paleoarchaic Peoples: A Faunal Analysis Of Early Occupations At North Creek Shelter, Utah, Bradley A. Newbold

Theses and Dissertations

Recent archaeological research within the American west, especially the Great Basin (e.g., Graf and Schmitt 2007), has perpetuated the notion of decreased residential mobility accompanied by increased diet breadth of hunter-gatherer groups during the Early Holocene. The earliest occupations at North Creek Shelter (NCS), a multicomponent site in south-central Utah, date to this time, specifically the Paleoarchaic (~10,000-9000 BP) and Early Archaic (~9000-7500 BP) periods. The zooarchaeological data from these levels were analyzed to determine whether Paleoarchaic occupations on the Colorado Plateau possessed greater residential mobility and narrower diet breadth than those of the Early Archaic, as they do in …

Go to article

The Role Of Connexin-36 Gap Junctions In Alcohol Intoxication And Reward, Kathryn Diane Bradley Apr 2009

The Role Of Connexin-36 Gap Junctions In Alcohol Intoxication And Reward, Kathryn Diane Bradley

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis project was to examine the function of connexin-36 (Cx36) gap junctions (GJs) in producing alcohol's intoxicating and rewarding effects. GABA neurons are thought to inhibit dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the mesocorticolimbic system, which originates in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projects to limbic structures such as the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). The mesolimbic DA system is believed to be the neural substrate of alcohol intoxication and addiction (Tepper, Paladini, & Celada, 1998). Alcohol suppresses the firing rate of GABA neurons in the VTA (Gallegos, Criado, Lee, Henriksen, & Steffensen, 1999) and presumably disinhibits DA …

Go to article

Molecular Systematics Of Spiny Pocket Mice (Subfamily Heteromyinae) Inferred From Mitochondrial And Nuclear Sequence Data, Melina Crystal Williamson Apr 2009

Molecular Systematics Of Spiny Pocket Mice (Subfamily Heteromyinae) Inferred From Mitochondrial And Nuclear Sequence Data, Melina Crystal Williamson

Theses and Dissertations

This study aims to determine species-level relationships within the genus Heteromys, as well as generic-level relationships among members of the subfamily Heteromyinae using a phylogenetic framework. Molecular sequence data were generated from two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I) and three nuclear gene segments (β-fibrinogen, engrailed protein II, and myosin heavy chain II), and analyzed under maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian optimality criteria to infer relationships. Chapter 1 focuses on the phylogenetic and taxonomic implications for Heteromys from the analyses of sequence data. Phylogenies also provided a framework for delimiting species boundaries within the wide-ranging Heteromys desmarestianus …

Go to article

The Roberta Jones Junior Theatre: A Model Children's Theatre, Chareen Hardy Lauritzen Apr 2009

The Roberta Jones Junior Theatre: A Model Children's Theatre, Chareen Hardy Lauritzen

Theses and Dissertations

Since its beginning in 1968, the Roberta Jones Junior Theatre, a children's theatre, connected to the Parks and Recreation Department of Santa Clara, California, has been creating child-centered performances for young audiences. This thesis will explore the history of the Santa Clara/Roberta Jones Junior Theatre and discuss the components that have contributed to its forty-year success. For a children's theatre to be successful it needs to be first centered on the learning of the children, in tune with the need of its community, and have a staff focused on the same goals. By examining the Roberta Jones Junior Theatre, the …

Go to article

Grim Lessons From A Torrent Of Flames In California, Elder Alexander B. Morrison Apr 2009

Grim Lessons From A Torrent Of Flames In California, Elder Alexander B. Morrison

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Hybrid Rights: Court-Ordered Confusion, Bryan Gividen Apr 2009

Hybrid Rights: Court-Ordered Confusion, Bryan Gividen

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Aristocratic Military Ethos Of Indo-Europeans And The Primordial Origins Of Western Civilization, Ricardo Duchesne Apr 2009

The Aristocratic Military Ethos Of Indo-Europeans And The Primordial Origins Of Western Civilization, Ricardo Duchesne

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Towards A Composite Definition And Classification Of Civilization, Andrew Targowski Apr 2009

Towards A Composite Definition And Classification Of Civilization, Andrew Targowski

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last