Digital Commons Network^™

Risk Factors For Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Case-Control Study From Coastal Karnataka, Surabhi Mishra, Avinash Shetty, Chythra R. Rao, Sathisha Nayak

Open Access archive

Background: Identification of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk factors is pertinent, for it can be an effective intervention for its prevention. As previous information regarding GDM risk factors from India were mostly descriptive and scarce from coastal Karnataka, a current prospective case-control study was designed to identify GDM risk factors among pregnant women seeking antenatal care. Methods: A hospital-based prospective matched case–control study was carried among antenatal subjects seeking routine antenatal care at two secondary-level care private hospitals, affiliated to a University Medical College in coastal Karnataka. It comprised of 100 incident GDM cases and 273 frequency-matched controls. Data was …

Factors Influencing Adherence To Anti-Diabetes Medications Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospitals In Mangaluru, Rekha Thapar, Ramesh Holla, Nithin Kumar, Shodhan Aithal

Open Access archive

Background: Poor adherence is generally associated with bad outcomes of the disease especially in Non-communicable disease like diabetes. Objectives: To study the level of adherence and factors associated with adherence to anti-diabetes medication among patients with diabetes. Method: ology: In this cross-sectional study, 124 diabetes patients attending medicine OPDs at hospitals affiliated to Kasturba medical college, Mangaluru were assessed regarding their adherence to anti-diabetes medications using the Morisky 8-Item Medication Adherence scale. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to determine the factors associated with good adherence. Results: The mean age of the patient was 59.8 ± 11.2 years. The median …

Documentation Compliance Of In-Patient Files: A Cross Sectional Study From An East India State, Mohd Aihatram Khan, Nilima Nilima, Jackline Prathibha, Bhaskar Tiwary

Open Access archive

Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of nurses regarding in-patient file documentation. Background: Documentation is a communication tool that helps in the exchange of information stored between caregivers. Quality documentation promotes structured, consistent and effective communication between healthcare providers. This is a preliminary study on the documentation in tertiary care hospitals for initial steps to be taken by the concerned health officers and decision makers. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a total of 80 respondents who were selected conveniently from a tertiary care hospital in Durgapur. Study utilized a dichotomous self-administered questionnaire. Qualitative characteristics …

Role Of Occupation In The Presentation Of Odontogenic Infection: Two Interesting Case Scenarios, Charlene D’Souza, Adarsh Kudva, Chithra Aramanadka, B. Vasantha Dhara

Open Access archive

No abstract provided.

Primary Thyroid Lymphoma Presenting In Stridor, Tulasi Kota Karanth, Ajay M. Bhandarkar, Kailesh Pujary, Vidya Monappa

Open Access archive

Primary thyroid lymphoma is an uncommon disorder of the thyroid gland. It is an aggressive yet potentially curable malignancy when diagnosed early and treated appropriately. We present three cases who presented with rapidly enlarging neck swelling of approximately one month duration and stridor. Contrast enhanced computed tomography of neck showed enlarged thyroid gland compressing trachea and displacing major vessels. All three patients underwent isthmusectomy and tracheostomy under general anaesthesia. Histopathology showed features of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. They were planned to receive chemo-radiation. Two became seriously ill and one was lost to follow-up. Therefore, early consideration should be given …

Effect Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Reinforcement On Flexural Strength Of Denture Base Resin: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Madhu Keshava Bangera, Ravindra Kotian, Ravishankar N

Open Access archive

The study was designed to assess the change in flexural strength of unmodified heat cure denture base polymer resin on reinforcement with titanium dioxide nanoparticles in different concentrations. In vitro, randomized control trials reporting flexural strength of titanium dioxide nanoparticle reinforced resin were selected. The review was formulated based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses- Protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Quality assessment was performed according to Consolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines and risk of bias Cochrane tool. Six articles in the category of 1%, 3%, 5% weight fractions of titanium dioxide nanoparticles were subjected to a meta-analysis. …

The Genetic Affinities Of Gujjar And Ladakhi Populations Of India, Mugdha Singh, Anujit Sarkar, Devinder Kumar, Madhusudan R. Nandineni

Open Access archive

The Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) and Ladakh in North India owing to their unique geographic location offer a wide variety of landscape from plains to high altitudes and is a congruence of many languages and cultural practices. Here, we present the genetic diversity studies of Gujjars from Jammu region of J&K and Ladakhi population based on a battery of autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short tandem repeats (STRs), Y-chromosomal STRs and the control region of the mitochondrial genome. These two populations were observed to be genetically distant to each other as well as to other populations …

Move For A Healthy Mind: A Program Of Peer-Led Physical Activity For Adolescents With Depression And Anxiety, Emily Edwards

Master's Projects and Capstones

The following discusses adolescent depression and anxiety and the utilization of physical activity as an intervention or coping mechanism. Adolescents have been experiencing increased rates of anxiety or depression diagnoses over the past roughly two decades. Adolescence is, physiologically, a formative period in the developmental stage from childhood to adulthood. Current barriers to achieving optimal mental health among the adolescent population include the stigmatization of mental health issues, lack of education, socioeconomic status and healthcare access. Further, physical activity has been studied and identified to be an effective treatment for individuals experiencing depression and anxiety. In an effort to treat …

Using Structural Equation Modeling To Model Compliance With Covid-19 Related Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions Amongst University Students In The United States, Spencer G. Shumway, Jonas D. Hopper, Ethan R. Tolman, Daniel G. Ferguson, Gabriella Hubble, David Patterson, Jamie Jensen

ScholarsArchive Data

There are two data files. The "General Data" comes from a nationwide poll using Qualtrics polling software. The "Utah Data" comes from undergraduate biology students at UVU and BYU. The survey gathered demographic data and attitudes toward the COVID pandemic.

Cognitivevr: Memory Training For Dementia Patients, Daniel Phill

Postgraduate

Around 50 million people suffer from dementia worldwide (World Health Organisation, 2019). One of the worst symptoms of dementia is memory loss as it affects not only the sufferer but their family as well. Recent studies have demonstrated that the immersion of virtual reality has the potential to improve memory in the general public (Krokos, Plaisant, Varshney, 2018) and that dementia patients are able to use virtual reality (Flynn, Schaik, Blackman, Femcott, Hobbs & Calderon, 2004). In this paper, I examine the literature linking virtual reality and dementia care and explain how I used this in my creative practice to …

Local Management And Landscape Structure Determine The Assemblage Patterns Of Spiders In Vegetable Fields, Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib, Junhui Chen, Wei Chen, Gabor Pozsgai, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Muhammad Furqan Ashraf, Minsheng You, Geoff M. Gurr

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Both field- and landscape-scale factors can influence the predator communities of agricultural pests, but the relative importance and interactions between these scales are poorly understood. Focusing on spiders, an important taxon for providing biological control, we tested the influence of field- and landscape-scale factors on structuring the spider communities in a highly dynamic brassica agroecosystem. We found that local factors (pesticide-use and crop type) and forested landscape significantly influenced the abundance and species richness of spiders, whilst grassland patches significantly affected the spider species richness. Correlation results demonstrated that assemblage patterns of most spider families positively responded to the interplay …

False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia Leucotreta (Meyrick) A New Threat To Horticulture Industry: Stakeholders’ Perspectives On The Status, Impact And Management In Kenya, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Nyang’Au I. Mbeche, Emmanuel Onamu, Muo J. Kasina, John H. Nderitu, Allan N. Mweke

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

False codling moth (FCM) has emerged as a major constraint to the production of horticultural crops in Kenya and is currently the leading cause of interceptions of Capsicum and cut flowers exported to European Union. Use of pesticides to control this pest is not only unsustainable, uneconomical but also contributes to interceptions of export produce due to higher levels of pesticide residues in the produce. Further, due to cryptic nature of feeding by the pest, pesticides often do not result to efficient control. Growing crops under protected areas though effective is not affordable to smallholder resource poor farmers necessitating search …

Author Correction: Pesticide Pollution In Freshwater Paves The Way For Schistosomiasis Transmission (Scientific Reports, (2020), 10, 1, (3650), 10.1038/S41598-020-60654-7), Jeremias M. Becker, Akbar A. Ganatra, Faith Kandie, Lina Mühlbauer, Jörg Ahlheim, Werner Brack, Baldwyn Torto, Eric L. Agola, Francis Mcodimba, Henner Hollert, Ulrike Fillinger, Matthias Liess

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Pesticide Pollution In Freshwater Paves The Way For Schistosomiasis Transmission, Jeremias M. Becker, Akbar A. Ganatra, Faith Kandie, Lina Mühlbauer, Jörg Ahlheim, Werner Brack, Baldwyn Torto, Eric L. Agola, Francis Mcodimba, Henner Hollert, Ulrike Fillinger, Matthias Liess

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Schistosomiasis is a severe neglected tropical disease caused by trematodes and transmitted by freshwater snails. Snails are known to be highly tolerant to agricultural pesticides. However, little attention has been paid to the ecological consequences of pesticide pollution in areas endemic for schistosomiasis, where people live in close contact with non-sanitized freshwaters. In complementary laboratory and field studies on Kenyan inland areas along Lake Victoria, we show that pesticide pollution is a major driver in increasing the occurrence of host snails and thus the risk of schistosomiasis transmission. In the laboratory, snails showed higher insecticide tolerance to commonly found pesticides …

Genome Wide Association Analysis Of A Stemborer Egg Induced “Call-For-Help” Defence Trait In Maize, Amanuel Tamiru, Rajneesh Paliwal, Samuel J. Manthi, Damaris A. Odeny, Charles A.O. Midega, Zeyaur R. Khan, John A. Pickett, Toby J.A. Bruce

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Tritrophic interactions allow plants to recruit natural enemies for protection against herbivory. Here we investigated genetic variability in induced responses to stemborer egg-laying in maize Zea mays (L.) (Poaceae). We conducted a genome wide association study (GWAS) of 146 maize genotypes comprising of landraces, inbred lines and commercial hybrids. Plants were phenotyped in bioassays measuring parasitic wasp Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) attraction to volatiles collected from plants exposed to stemborer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs. Genotyping-by-sequencing was used to generate maize germplasm SNP data for GWAS. The egg-induced parasitoid attraction trait was more common in landraces than in …

Multi-Compartment Chemical Characterization And Risk Assessment Of Chemicals Of Emerging Concern In Freshwater Systems Of Western Kenya, Faith Jebiwot Kandie, Martin Krauss, Riccardo Massei, Akbar Ganatra, Ulrike Fillinger, Jeremias Becker, Matthias Liess, Baldwyn Torto, Werner Brack

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Within the last decades, there has been increasing research on the occurrence of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in aquatic ecosystems due to their potential adverse effects on freshwater organisms and risk to human health. However, information on CECs in freshwater environments in sub-Saharan countries is very limited. Here, we investigated the occurrence of CECs in snails and sediments collected from 48 sites within the Lake Victoria South Basin, Kenya, which have been previously investigated for water contamination. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) with a target list of 429 compounds. Results: In …

A Microsporidian Impairs Plasmodium Falciparum Transmission In Anopheles Arabiensis Mosquitoes, Jeremy K. Herren, Lilian Mbaisi, Enock Mararo, Edward E. Makhulu, Victor A. Mobegi, Hellen Butungi, Maria Vittoria Mancini, Joseph W. Oundo, Evan T. Teal, Silvain Pinaud, Mara K.N. Lawniczak, Jordan Jabara, Godfrey Nattoh, Steven P. Sinkins

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

A possible malaria control approach involves the dissemination in mosquitoes of inherited symbiotic microbes to block Plasmodium transmission. However, in the Anopheles gambiae complex, the primary African vectors of malaria, there are limited reports of inherited symbionts that impair transmission. We show that a vertically transmitted microsporidian symbiont (Microsporidia MB) in the An. gambiae complex can impair Plasmodium transmission. Microsporidia MB is present at moderate prevalence in geographically dispersed populations of An. arabiensis in Kenya, localized to the mosquito midgut and ovaries, and is not associated with significant reductions in adult host fecundity or survival. Field-collected Microsporidia MB infected An. …

Diversity And Multiplicity Of P. Falciparum Infections Among Asymptomatic School Children In Mbita, Western Kenya, Abdoulie O. Touray, Victor A. Mobegi, Fred Wamunyokoli, Jeremy K. Herren

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Multiplicity of infection (MOI) and genetic diversity of P. falciparum infections are important surrogate indicators for assessing malaria transmission intensity in different regions of endemicity. Determination of MOI and diversity of P. falciparum among asymptomatic carriers will enhance our understanding of parasite biology and transmission to mosquito vectors. This study examined the MOI and genetic diversity of P. falciparum parasite populations circulating in Mbita, a region characterized as one of the malaria hotspots in Kenya. The genetic diversity and multiplicity of P. falciparum infections in 95 asymptomatic school children (age 5–15 yrs.) residing in Mbita, western Kenya were assessed using …

Three-Gene Pcr And High-Resolution Melting Analysis For Differentiating Vertebrate Species Mitochondrial Dna For Biodiversity Research And Complementing Forensic Surveillance, Daniel O. Ouso, Moses Y. Otiende, Maamun M. Jeneby, Joseph W. Oundo, Joel L. Bargul, Scott E. Miller, Lillian Wambua, Jandouwe Villinger

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Reliable molecular identification of vertebrate species from morphologically unidentifiable tissue is critical for the prosecution of illegally-traded wildlife products, conservation-based biodiversity research, and identification of blood-meal hosts of hematophagous invertebrates. However, forensic identification of vertebrate tissue relies on sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) ‘barcode’ gene, which remains costly for purposes of screening large numbers of unknown samples during routine surveillance. Here, we adapted a rapid, low-cost approach to differentiate 10 domestic and 24 wildlife species that are common in the East African illegal wildlife products trade based on their unique high-resolution melting profiles from COI, cytochrome b, …

Numerical Solution Of Fractional Volterra-Fredholm Integro-Differential Equation Using Lagrange Polynomials, Nour K. Salman, Muna M. Mustfaf

Baghdad Science Journal

In this study, a new technique is considered for solving linear fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations (LFVFIDE's) with fractional derivative qualified in the Caputo sense. The method is established in three types of Lagrange polynomials (LP’s), Original Lagrange polynomial (OLP), Barycentric Lagrange polynomial (BLP), and Modified Lagrange polynomial (MLP). General Algorithm is suggested and examples are included to get the best effectiveness, and implementation of these types. Also, as special case fractional differential equation is taken to evaluate the validity of the proposed method. Finally, a comparison between the proposed method and other methods are taken to present the effectiveness of …

2020-11-30_Michiganoverview_Covidcounts, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Confirmed Cases by Date of Onset Data

Data was downloaded as an Excel spreadsheet which appeared in the Public Use Datasets section under the Cumulative Data link of Michigan's Coronavirus webpage, under the url https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173---,00.html.

Cases are aggregated by the date of onset of COVID-19 symptoms, if known, otherwise by laboratory specimen date if known, otherwise by case referral date. Deaths are aggregated by the date of death if known, otherwise by the last date of a change to the case status.

2020-11-30_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

2020-11-30_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

The Rho-Dependent Transcription Termination Is Involved In Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Susceptibility In Escherichia Coli, Md Hafeezunnisa, Ranjan Sen

Open Access archive

One of the major ways of acquiring multidrug resistance in bacteria is via drug influx and efflux pathways. Here, we show that E. coli with compromised Rho-dependent transcription termination function has enhanced broad-spectrum antibiotic susceptibility, which arises from the inefficient TolC-efflux process and increased permeability of the membrane. The Rho mutants have altered morphology, distinct cell surface, and increased levels of lipopolysaccharide in their outer membrane, which might have rendered the TolC efflux pumps inefficient. These alterations are due to the upregulations of poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine and lipopolysaccharide synthesis operons because of inefficient Rho functions. The Rho mutants are capable of growing …

Subacute Thyroiditis With Airway Compromise In A 5-Year-Old Boy, Pardha Ramineni, Sowmini Padmanabh Kamath, Jayateertha Joshi, Sadashiva Rao

Open Access archive

A 5-year-old boy presented with intermittent fever for 1 month, painful neck swelling associated with dysphagia, hoarseness of voice for 3 weeks and dyspnoea of 1-day duration. On evaluation, he had elevated serum thyroglobulin levels and inflammatory markers. There was a diffuse glandular thyroid enlargement with hypoechoic areas on neck ultrasonography. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of subacute thyroiditis (SAT), and MRI of the neck confirmed narrowing of the tracheaby the enlarged thyroid. He received steroids to relieve airway compression. Levothyroxine was started. On follow-up, he was symptom-free and euthyroid; steroids and levothyroxine were discontinued.SAT presenting with compression of trachea …

2020-11-29_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

2020-11-28_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2020-11-28_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

2020-11-27_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2020-11-27_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …