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Table Of Contents May 2009

Table Of Contents

Macalester Civic Forum

No abstract provided.

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Magnetically Anchored "Reduced Trocar" Laparoscopy: Evolution Of Surgical Robotics, Richard Bergs May 2009

Magnetically Anchored "Reduced Trocar" Laparoscopy: Evolution Of Surgical Robotics, Richard Bergs

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

Laparoscopic surgery has become increasingly popular over the last few years due to its benefits; lower morbidity, less perceived pain, better cosmesis results, and less hospital time. For the surgeon however, there are fundamental issues that can make a laparoscopic procedure more difficult than simple open surgery; loss of tactile feel, limited working envelope, high demand for hand-eye coordination, and one trocar-port required for each tool. A revolutionary concept of using magnetics to support tooling across the abdominal wall was conceived by Dr. Jeffrey Cadeddu and his colleagues at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Collectively referred to as …

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Fortification Of Reduced Fat Cheddar Cheese With N-3 Fatty Acids: Effect On Off-Flavor Generation, Silvana Martini, J. E. Thurgood, C. Brothersen, Robert E. Ward, D. J. Mcmahon May 2009

Fortification Of Reduced Fat Cheddar Cheese With N-3 Fatty Acids: Effect On Off-Flavor Generation, Silvana Martini, J. E. Thurgood, C. Brothersen, Robert E. Ward, D. J. Mcmahon

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to fortify 50% reduced fat Cheddar cheese with n-3 fatty acids and evaluate whether this fortification generated specific off-flavors in the cheese. Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) fatty acids were added to the cheese to obtain 3 final fortification levels [18, 35, and 71mg of DHA/EPA per serving size (28g) of cheese] representing 10, 20, and 40% of the suggested daily intake level for DHA/EPA. The presence of oxidized, rancid, and fishy flavors as a function of fortification level and cheese aging (6 mo) was evaluated using a sensory descriptive panel. No differences were …

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Variability In Pheromone Communication Among Different Haplotype Populations Of Busseola Fusca, A. E. Félix, G. Genestier, C. Malosse, P. A. Calatayud, B. Le Rü, J. F. Silvain, B. Frérot May 2009

Variability In Pheromone Communication Among Different Haplotype Populations Of Busseola Fusca, A. E. Félix, G. Genestier, C. Malosse, P. A. Calatayud, B. Le Rü, J. F. Silvain, B. Frérot

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The relationship between pheromone composition and mitochondrial haplotype clades was investigated by coupling DNA analyses with pheromone identification and male mate searching behavior among different geographic populations of Busseola fusca. The within-population variations in pheromone blend were as great as those observed between geographic populations, suggesting that the female sex pheromone blend was not the basis of reproductive isolation between the geographic clades. Furthermore, while data from wind tunnel experiments demonstrated that most of the tested males were sensitive to small variations in pheromone mixture, there was considerable within-population variability in the observed response. The study identified a new pheromone …

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Mate-Odour Identification By Both Sexes Of Evarcha Culicivora, An East African Jumping Spider, Fiona R. Cross, Robert R. Jackson May 2009

Mate-Odour Identification By Both Sexes Of Evarcha Culicivora, An East African Jumping Spider, Fiona R. Cross, Robert R. Jackson

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Evarcha culicivora is an unusual salticid spider because each sex actively courts the other and both sexes make distinctive mate-choice decisions. Here we use olfactometer experiments for investigating the ability of each sex to identify potential mates on the basis of odour alone. Test spiders spent more time in the vicinity of opposite-sex conspecific source spiders, regardless of whether or not these source spiders had previously mated, when the alternatives were conspecific individuals of the same sex, juveniles or a control (no odour source). This trend held regardless of the test spider's and source spider's age after reaching maturity and, …

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Last Words, First Words, Kandace Brooks Apr 2009

Last Words, First Words, Kandace Brooks

ATS Chapel Services

No abstract provided.

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Birding Data For Costa Rica, Falk Huettmann Apr 2009

Birding Data For Costa Rica, Falk Huettmann

Faculty

These data describe 703 species with geo-referencing information (latitude longitude) for 42 locations in Costa Rica. They are taken from the species lists presented in B. Lawson (2009; A bird-finding guide to Costa Rica. Comstock Publishing Associates and Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-7584-9). This database is based on extensive fieldwork by B. Lawson and as described in his book. Here, these extensive species list data got geo-referenced via Google Maps. The resulting database described here consist of 4,829 rows and 8 columns (Page No,Site No,Site Name, latitude, longitude, SpeciesNo,SpeciestoExpect,Source) and is 969KB in size. The following locations were sampled: Arenal …

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Learning 2.0: A Tool For Staff Training At The University Of Alaska Fairbanks Rasmuson Library, Ilana Kingsley, Karen Jensen Apr 2009

Learning 2.0: A Tool For Staff Training At The University Of Alaska Fairbanks Rasmuson Library, Ilana Kingsley, Karen Jensen

Faculty

This paper describes a Learning 2.0 library staff training project completed in September, 2007 at the University of Alaska Fairbanks Rasmuson Library. The project planning process, curriculum creation, implementation, incentives, and outcomes are included, along with a summary of survey results from program participants. Recommendations for implementing this free and useful staff training tool by other academic libraries are included, as well as a link to the Library’s Learning 2.0 blog.

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Effect Of Oral Stimulation On Feeding Progression In Preterm Infants, Brenda Lessen Apr 2009

Effect Of Oral Stimulation On Feeding Progression In Preterm Infants, Brenda Lessen

Scholarship

This is a poster presentation of original research conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of a newly developed prefeeding oral stimulation intervention (Beckman Oral Motor Intervention-Premature Infant) on feeding progression and length of stay on preterm infants younger than 30 weeks PMA.

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1-(1h-Benzimidazol-1-Ylmeth-Yl)-3-[2-(Di-Isopropyl-Amino)Eth-Yl] -1h-Benzimid-Azolium Bromide 0.25-Hydrate, Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Serpil Demir, Smail Zdemir, Bekir Cetinkaya Apr 2009

1-(1h-Benzimidazol-1-Ylmeth-Yl)-3-[2-(Di-Isopropyl-Amino)Eth-Yl] -1h-Benzimid-Azolium Bromide 0.25-Hydrate, Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Serpil Demir, Smail Zdemir, Bekir Cetinkaya

College of Health, Science, and Technology

The title N-heterocyclic carbene derivative, C23H 30N5+·Br-·0.25H2O, was synthesized using microwave heating and was characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. The structure of the title compound are stabilized by a network of intra- and inter-molecular C - H?Br hydrogen-bonding inter-actions. The crystal structure is further stabilized by ?-? stacking inter-actions between benzene and imidazole fragment rings of parallel benzo[d]imidazole rings, with a separation of 3.486 (3) Å between the centroids of the benzene and imidazole rings. There is also an inter-molecular C - H?? inter-action in the crystal structure. The C - N …

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Spinal And Sacroiliac Assessment And Treatment Techniques Used By Osteopathic Physicians In The United States, Gary Fryer, Christopher M. Morse, Jane C. Johnson Apr 2009

Spinal And Sacroiliac Assessment And Treatment Techniques Used By Osteopathic Physicians In The United States, Gary Fryer, Christopher M. Morse, Jane C. Johnson

All KCOM Faculty Publications

Background: Osteopathic manipulative medicine texts and educators advocate a range of approaches for physical assessment and treatment, but little is known about their use by osteopathic physicians in the United States. Methods: A web-based survey using a 5-point Likert scale was developed and e-mailed to 777 practicing osteopathic physician members of the American Academy of Osteopathy. Responses in the "frequently" and "always" categories were combined for reporting purposes. Friedman tests were used to analyze the reported usage of each item. The effect of gender was analyzed using Mann-Whitney tests. Results: One hundred seventy-one osteopathic physicians completed the survey (22%). For …

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Trapped In The Upper Room, James Loftin Apr 2009

Trapped In The Upper Room, James Loftin

ATS Chapel Services

No abstract provided.

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The Architecture Of Solitude, Mark H. Dixon Apr 2009

The Architecture Of Solitude, Mark H. Dixon

Philosophy and Religion Faculty Scholarship

As a spiritual or meditative practice solitude implies more than mere silence or being alone. While these are perhaps indispensablecomponents, it is possible to be alone or to live in silence and nevertheless be unable to reconfigure these into genuine solitude. Solitude is also more than being in some remote or inaccessible place. Even though geographical isolation might be conducive to solitude, with rare exceptions human beings have seldom sought solitude in complete seclusion in the wilderness. The places where human beings have sought solitude have in the end been human places, human-built places. It should come as no surprise …

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Describing Tragedy: The Information Access Needs Of Blind People In Emergency-Related Circumstances, Elaine Gerber Apr 2009

Describing Tragedy: The Information Access Needs Of Blind People In Emergency-Related Circumstances, Elaine Gerber

Department of Anthropology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Audio description is a technique used for "translating" visual material to aural readers/blind people. In this article, exploratory research on audio description (AD) is presented, which raises important questions in the field of applied anthropology and emergency planning: How does one translate visual material for a non-seeing audience? From the point of view of blind consumers, what constitutes "good" description? What specific information access needs do they have in event of emergencies? Selected results are presented from three telephone focus groups on AD, conducted with 39 blind or visually impaired people nationwide in the United States during September/October 2005. This …

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Increasing Omega Fatty Acid Content In Milk Through Cow’S Diet: Effect On Milk Flavor, K. A. S. Nelson, Silvana Martini Apr 2009

Increasing Omega Fatty Acid Content In Milk Through Cow’S Diet: Effect On Milk Flavor, K. A. S. Nelson, Silvana Martini

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Milk with an increased content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was obtained by incorporating fish oil into the feed of cows. The 4 feed treatments used were a control diet of 57% forage and 43% concentrate mix with EnerGII fat supplement at 1.65% of dietary DM, or EnerGII in the basal diet was partially replaced with 1) 0.21% partially ruminally inert calcium salts of 71% fish oil given at 0.41% of DM; 2) 0.41% inert calcium salts of 71% fish oil given at 0.83% of DM; or 3) 0.83% inert calcium salts of …

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Water-Conserving Landscapes: An Evaluation Of Homeowner Preference, Tony A. Mccammon, Sandra T. Marquardt-Pyatt, Kelly L. Kopp Apr 2009

Water-Conserving Landscapes: An Evaluation Of Homeowner Preference, Tony A. Mccammon, Sandra T. Marquardt-Pyatt, Kelly L. Kopp

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Landscape preferences were assessed for three identically designed Xeriscapes™, differing only in the plant material, under both well-watered and drought conditions. The classes of plant material included traditional (high water use), intermediate (moderate water use), and native/adapted plant species of the Intermountain West (low water use). Landscapes were subjected to a 5-week dry-down period. Under drought conditions, respondents preferred drought/adapted and intermediate landscapes to traditional landscapes. A focus on Xeriscape™ education, practices, and visual exposure may result in greater adoption of Xeriscape™ practices by homeowners and may also result in significant residential water savings.

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Influence Of Temperature On Virulence Of Fungal Isolates Of Metarhizium Anisopliae And Beauveria Bassiana To The Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus Urticae, David Mugisho Bugeme, Markus Knapp, Hamadi Iddi Boga, Anthony Kibira Wanjoya, Nguya Kalemba Maniania Apr 2009

Influence Of Temperature On Virulence Of Fungal Isolates Of Metarhizium Anisopliae And Beauveria Bassiana To The Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus Urticae, David Mugisho Bugeme, Markus Knapp, Hamadi Iddi Boga, Anthony Kibira Wanjoya, Nguya Kalemba Maniania

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Twenty-three isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sokorin and three isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) were assessed for their virulence against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Based on the screening results, nine isolates of M. anisopliae and two isolates of B. bassiana were tested for their virulence against young adult (1- to 2-day-old) female T. urticae at constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35°C. At all temperatures tested, all the fungal isolates were pathogenic to T. urticae but mortality varied with isolates and temperatures. Fungal isolates were more virulent at 25, 30 …

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Functional Characterization And Protein-Protein Interactions Of Trypanosome Splicing Factors U2af35, U2af65 And Sf1, Martin P. Vazquez, David Mualem, Natalia Bercovich, Michael Zeev Stern, Benson Nyambega, Omer Barda, Dan Masiga, Sachin Kumar Gupta, Shulamit Michaeli, Mariano J. Levin Apr 2009

Functional Characterization And Protein-Protein Interactions Of Trypanosome Splicing Factors U2af35, U2af65 And Sf1, Martin P. Vazquez, David Mualem, Natalia Bercovich, Michael Zeev Stern, Benson Nyambega, Omer Barda, Dan Masiga, Sachin Kumar Gupta, Shulamit Michaeli, Mariano J. Levin

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Early in the assembly of the spliceosome of eukaryotes the branch-point binding protein (BBP, also called SF1) recognizes the branch point sequence, whereas the heterodimer U2AF consisting of a 65 and a 35 kDa subunit, contacts the polypyrimidine tract and the AG splice site, respectively. Herein, we identified, cloned and expressed the Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei U2AF35, U2AF65 and SF1. Trypanosomatid U2AF65 strongly diverged from yeast and human homologues. On the contrary, trypanosomatid SF1 was conserved but lacked the C-terminal sequence present in the mammalian protein. Yeast two hybrid approaches were used to assess their interactions. The interaction between …

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The Use Of A Semiochemical Bait To Enhance Exposure Of Amblyomma Variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae) To Metarhizium Anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), F. Nchu, N. K. Maniania, A. Touré, A. Hassanali, J. N. Eloff Mar 2009

The Use Of A Semiochemical Bait To Enhance Exposure Of Amblyomma Variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae) To Metarhizium Anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), F. Nchu, N. K. Maniania, A. Touré, A. Hassanali, J. N. Eloff

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Experiments were conducted to explore the use of a semiochemical bait to enhance exposure of Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius (Acari: Ixodidae) to different formulations of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Initially, the relative efficacies of attraction-aggregation-attachment pheromone (AAAP), made up of o-nitrophenol, methyl salicylate and nonanoic acid in the ratio 2:1:8, 1-octen-3-ol and butyric acid, were evaluated in an olfactometer. Only AAAP and 1-octen-3-ol were found to elicit attractive responses to the tick. Simultaneous release of 1-octen-3-ol and AAAP together with CO2 from a trap in semifield plots attracted up to 94.0 ± 6% of adult ticks …

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Dichlorido[1-(2-Methyl-Benz-Yl)-3-(?6-2,4, 6-Trimethyl-Benz-Yl)-1h-2,3-Dihydro-Benzimidazol-2-Yl-Idene]Ruthenium(Ii) Dichloro-Methane Solvate, Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Sedat Yaar, Ismail Zdemir, Bekir Etinkaya Mar 2009

Dichlorido[1-(2-Methyl-Benz-Yl)-3-(?6-2,4, 6-Trimethyl-Benz-Yl)-1h-2,3-Dihydro-Benzimidazol-2-Yl-Idene]Ruthenium(Ii) Dichloro-Methane Solvate, Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Sedat Yaar, Ismail Zdemir, Bekir Etinkaya

College of Health, Science, and Technology

The title complex, [RuClCl]·CHl is best thought of as containing an octa-hedrally coordinated Ru center with the arene occupying three sites. Two Ru - Cl bonds and one Ru-carbene bond complete the distorted octa-hedron. The carbene portion of the ligand is a benzimidazole ring. This ring is connected to the CCHarene group by a CHbridge. This leads to a system with very little apparent strain. A dichloro-methane solvent mol-ecule completes the crystal structure. Further stabilization is accomplished via C - H?N and C - H?Cl interactions.

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Pioneering Marketing To Hawaii With Downtown Las Vegas' California Casino, John M. Blink Mar 2009

Pioneering Marketing To Hawaii With Downtown Las Vegas' California Casino, John M. Blink

UNLV Gaming Podcasts

Dr. Schwartz does a quick interview with John Blink, who pioneered marketing to and in Hawaii with downtown Las Vegas' California casino in the 1970s and 1980s. Blink talks candidly about working for both Sam and Bill Boyd at the Eldorado, Union Plaza, and California casinos, the early days at the California, and the loyalty of the casino's Hawaiian patrons and vice versa. Plus, learn how to get a free bowl of saimin noodles at the Cal.

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Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Immature Culicines (Subfamily Culicinae) And Their Larval Habitats In Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Benjamin G. Jacob, Josephat I. Shililu, Charles M. Mbogo, John I. Githure, Robert J. Novak Mar 2009

Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Immature Culicines (Subfamily Culicinae) And Their Larval Habitats In Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Benjamin G. Jacob, Josephat I. Shililu, Charles M. Mbogo, John I. Githure, Robert J. Novak

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An ecological study was conducted at three study sites in Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya to identify the diverse aquatic habitats in which culicine mosquitoes thrived and to explore the best strategies for mosquito control in the area. During the 11-month study period, ten habitat categories and 11 culicine species mainly dominated by Culex quinquefasciatus (72.0%) and Culex annulioris (17.9%) were identified from pupae and late instars larval samples. Two of the 11 culicine species, Ficalbia (Mimomyia) plumosa and Uranotaenia spp., have not been reported previously in the study area. Rurumi had more habitat types than either of the other study …

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Evaluation Of Farmers' Field Days As A Dissemination Tool For Push-Pull Technology In Western Kenya, David M. Amudavi, Zeyaur R. Khan, Japhether M. Wanyama, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy Pittchar, Ahmed Hassanali, John A. Pickett Mar 2009

Evaluation Of Farmers' Field Days As A Dissemination Tool For Push-Pull Technology In Western Kenya, David M. Amudavi, Zeyaur R. Khan, Japhether M. Wanyama, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy Pittchar, Ahmed Hassanali, John A. Pickett

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Our earlier study on farmers' adoption of 'Push-pull' technology (PPT) for management of cereal stemborers and Striga weed showed that field days (FDs) could be effective in technology dissemination. Hence, in an effort to utilize effective and economical dissemination strategies, we undertook a detailed study in 2007 to assess their effectiveness in PPT dissemination by interviewing 1492 participants randomly selected during participation in FDs. A majority (80%) of the respondents learnt about the biology and damage caused by stemborers and Striga, how PPT works, how to implement PPT and utilize its products, among others. Consequently, over 70% of them favoured …

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Oc Register, Feb. 25: Chapman President Delivers State Of The University Speech, Chapman University Media Relations Feb 2009

Oc Register, Feb. 25: Chapman President Delivers State Of The University Speech, Chapman University Media Relations

Chapman Press Releases 2003-2011

No abstract provided.

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Oc Register, Feb. 25: Chapman Plans More Growth, Chapman University Media Relations Feb 2009

Oc Register, Feb. 25: Chapman Plans More Growth, Chapman University Media Relations

Chapman Press Releases 2003-2011

No abstract provided.

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Oc Register, Feb. 25: Chapman President Summits Antarctica's Highest Peak, Chapman University Media Relations Feb 2009

Oc Register, Feb. 25: Chapman President Summits Antarctica's Highest Peak, Chapman University Media Relations

Chapman Press Releases 2003-2011

No abstract provided.

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1,3-Bis(4-Tert-Butyl-Benz-Yl)-4,5-Dihydro-Imidazolium Chloride Monohydrate, Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Sedat Yaar, Smail Zdemir, Bekir Etinkaya Feb 2009

1,3-Bis(4-Tert-Butyl-Benz-Yl)-4,5-Dihydro-Imidazolium Chloride Monohydrate, Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Sedat Yaar, Smail Zdemir, Bekir Etinkaya

College of Health, Science, and Technology

In the title compound, C25H35N2 +·Cl -·H2O, the imidazolidine ring adopts a twisted conformation, with a pseudo-twofold axis passing through the N - C - N carbon and the opposite C - C bond. The N - C - N fragment of the imidazolidine ring shows some degree of both double- and single-bond character due to partial electron delocalization. One of the tert-butyl groups is disordered over two conformations with occupancies of 0.714 (8) and 0.286 (8). In the crystal, O - H?Cl and C - H?O hydrogen bonds help to establish the packing.

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1,3-Bis(2-Thienylmeth-Yl)-4,5-Dihydro-Imidazolium Trichlorido( 6-P-Cymene)Ruthenate(Ii), Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Smail Zdemir, Nevin Gürbüz, Yetkin Gök, Bekir Etinkaya Feb 2009

1,3-Bis(2-Thienylmeth-Yl)-4,5-Dihydro-Imidazolium Trichlorido( 6-P-Cymene)Ruthenate(Ii), Hakan Arslan, Don Vanderveer, Smail Zdemir, Nevin Gürbüz, Yetkin Gök, Bekir Etinkaya

College of Health, Science, and Technology

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, (C13H15N2S2)[RuCl3(C10H14)], contains a 1,3-(2-thienylmeth-yl)-4,5-dihydro-imidazolium cation and a trichlorido( 6-p-cymene)ruthenate(II) anion. The thio-phene rings of the cation are disordered by an 180° rotation about the thio-phene-CH2 bonds with occupancies of 0.847 (5)/0.153 (5) and 0.700 (5)/0.300 (5), respectively. The Ru atom exhibits a distorted octa-hedral coordination with the benzene ring of the p-cymene ligand formally occupying three sites and three Cl atoms occupying the other three sites. The short C - N bond lengths in the imidazoline ring indicate partial electron delocalization within the N - C - N fragment. Cation and anions are …

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Submicroscopic Gametocytes And The Transmission Of Antifolate-Resistant Plasmodium Falciparum In Western Kenya, Mayke J.A.M. Oesterholt, Michael Alifrangis, Colin J. Sutherland, Sabah A. Omar, Patrick Sawa, Christina Howitt, Louis C. Gouagna, Robert W. Sauerwein, Teun Bousema Feb 2009

Submicroscopic Gametocytes And The Transmission Of Antifolate-Resistant Plasmodium Falciparum In Western Kenya, Mayke J.A.M. Oesterholt, Michael Alifrangis, Colin J. Sutherland, Sabah A. Omar, Patrick Sawa, Christina Howitt, Louis C. Gouagna, Robert W. Sauerwein, Teun Bousema

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the dhfr and dhps genes are associated with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) treatment failure and gametocyte carriage. This may result in enhanced transmission of mutant malaria parasites, as previously shown for chloroquine resistant parasites. In the present study, we determine the association between parasite mutations, submicroscopic P. falciparum gametocytemia and malaria transmission to mosquitoes. Methodology/Principal Findings: Samples from children treated with SP alone or in combination with artesunate (AS) or amodiaquine were genotyped for SNPs in the dhfr and dhps genes. Gametocytemia was determined by microscopy and Pfs25 RNA-based quantitative nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (Pfs25 QT-NASBA). …

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Do Incretins Play A Role In The Remission Of Type 2 Diabetes After Gastric Bypass Surgery: What Are The Evidence?, Mousumi Bose, Blanca Oliván, Julio Teixeira, F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Blandine Laferrère Feb 2009

Do Incretins Play A Role In The Remission Of Type 2 Diabetes After Gastric Bypass Surgery: What Are The Evidence?, Mousumi Bose, Blanca Oliván, Julio Teixeira, F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Blandine Laferrère

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

Gastric bypass surgery (GBP), in addition to weight loss, results in dramatic remission of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The mechanisms by which this remission occurs are unclear. Besides weight loss and caloric restriction, the changes in gut hormones that occur after GBP are increasingly gaining recognition as key players in glucose control. Incretins are gut peptides that stimulate insulin secretion postprandially; the levels of these hormones, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1, increase after GBP in response to nutrient stimulation. Whether these changes are causal to changes in glucose homeostasis remain to be determined. The purpose of this review is to assess the …

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