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Railroads Out Of Pensacola, 1833-1883, Charles H. Hildreth
Railroads Out Of Pensacola, 1833-1883, Charles H. Hildreth
Florida Historical Quarterly
The opening of the three-mile Quincy [Mass.] Railroad in 1827 marked a general change of emphasis in transportation in the United States. Visionaries suffering from “canal fever” discovered “railroad fever” to be an excellent antidote for the disease and one which allowed the mind to envision schemes not limited by the natural waterways of the nation. Florida, a part of the Union for slightly more than a decade, became the setting in 1833, for one of the most ambitious of these early plans.
Newspapers Of Pensacola, 1821-1900, Horance G. Davis, Jr.
Newspapers Of Pensacola, 1821-1900, Horance G. Davis, Jr.
Florida Historical Quarterly
Brigands, camp followers, speculators, gamblers and soldiers-of-fortune made Pensacola a gay city in 1821 as the populace, swelled to some 4,000, awaited the triumphant entry of the conquering hero, General Andrew Jackson. Florida, international pawn long coveted by the United States, was to be relinquished by Spain. Andrew Jackson and his troops had invaded the area twice since 1814, but diplomacy had foiled United States territorial ambitions. Now at last Florida was to be ceded to the United States, and provisional governor Andrew Jackson was expected momentarily at Pensacola, the seat of Florida government. Only Spanish loyalists viewed the gaiety …
Ante-Bellum Pensacola: 1821-1860, Herbert J. Doherty, Jr.
Ante-Bellum Pensacola: 1821-1860, Herbert J. Doherty, Jr.
Florida Historical Quarterly
The morning sun over Pensacola on July 17, 1821, shone on a scene of historic pageantry not since repeated in Florida’s history. During the early hours of that day a full company of Spanish troops, dismounted dragoons of the regiment of Tarragona who were elegantly clad and equipped, paraded in the plaza before the Government House. A few miles away, through the flat piney woods, came elements of the Fourth United States Infantry and Fourth United States Artillery regiments with flags flying and band playing. At their heads rode the gaunt gray figure of Andrew Jackson. After almost two months …
Panton, Leslie, And Company, Indian Traders Of Pensacola And St. Augustine, J. A. Brown
Panton, Leslie, And Company, Indian Traders Of Pensacola And St. Augustine, J. A. Brown
Florida Historical Quarterly
The North American peace settlement of 1783 confirmed the Spanish in their reconquest of Pensacola and returned His Catholic Majesty’s banner to the bastions of the Castillo de San Marcos at St. Augustine; however, it did not end - but rather intensified - the struggle for the allegiance and trade of the 45,000 Indians on the Florida frontier. A new and dynamic United States, surging to the Mississippi, and from its Bahamas outpost a covetous England, intrigued with the savages to turn the Spanish out, and failing that, to divert to their own nationals and treasuries a part at least …
Pensacola During The Second Spanish Period, L. N. Mcalister
Pensacola During The Second Spanish Period, L. N. Mcalister
Florida Historical Quarterly
On the first day of January, 1777, an event in New Orleans was to have important consequences for the history of Pensacola: Bernardo de Galvez formally assumed the governorship of Louisiana. Galvez was typical of the colonial officials who were appointed during that Indian Summer of Spanish Imperial history, the reign of Charles III. A career officer in the royal armies, he had already distinguished himself in several theaters: first in Portugal, then in Mexico against the Indians on the northern frontier where, under his famous uncle Jose de Galvez, he displayed those traits of energy, initiative, and leadership which …
Pensacola In The British Period: Summary And Significance, Cecil Johnson
Pensacola In The British Period: Summary And Significance, Cecil Johnson
Florida Historical Quarterly
The documented story of Pensacola in the British period has already been written by competent historians and much of it has been published in this Quarterly. 1 The purpose of this writer is not to do again a job that has already been well done; rather, this is a brief account of British Pensacola with significant aspects of its history while it was the capital of the shortlived and ill-fated English royal province of West Florida; and this with a minimum of documentation and other scholarly impediments to the layman’s enjoyment of reading.
Spanish Pensacola, 1700-1763, William B. Griffen
Spanish Pensacola, 1700-1763, William B. Griffen
Florida Historical Quarterly
After more than a decade of explorations by Spain along the north and east shores of the Gulf of Mexico, a garrison has founded with all urgency at a bay called Pensacola* in the latter part of the year 1698 in an effort to keep other foreign powers, namely France and England, from obtaining a foothold in the region. These enemies of the Spanish dominions, so thought the Spaniards, would thus be obstructed from an area from which they could attack Spanish shipping and from which they would be able to penetrate and usurp portions of the northern Spanish colonies, …
The Founding Of Pensacola: Reasons And Reality, Albert Manucy
The Founding Of Pensacola: Reasons And Reality, Albert Manucy
Florida Historical Quarterly
October 1698 - Two rival expeditions - one French, the other Spanish - were sailing toward a pleasant harbor in the Gulf of Mexico. Neither of them knew about a third rival. But there it was, two little ships outbound from London, bringing Britons who coveted the same sunny southeastern province.
Florida Pioneer, Adelaide H. Reed
Florida Pioneer, Adelaide H. Reed
Florida Historical Quarterly
Whether the source of the Manatee River was really the “Fountain of Youth” for which Ponce de Leon searched in vain is a question for historians - or geographers - to argue about. But, in its early days, the little town of Manatee really did have a “Fountain of Youth.” At least, it was named that. It was not exactly a fountain, but a little spring of clear, cold water bubbling up out of the ground, with a gourd hung on a nearby oak tree from which to drink.
Economic Problems Of Florida Governors, 1700-1763, John J. Tepaske
Economic Problems Of Florida Governors, 1700-1763, John J. Tepaske
Florida Historical Quarterly
Many problems plagued the eighteenth-century Florida governor, but none vexed him more than the economic plight of his settlement. Florida was a poverty-stricken military outpost of the Spanish Empire on the northeastern fringe of New Spain. It was unable to sustain itself with mining or agricultural enterprises and was wholly dependent upon outside aid for its existence. Want, misery, and destitution were the lot of the soldiers and their families living in this unpopular community. Securing money and supplies for them was the governor’s greatest single responsibility; no colonial question received his more devoted attention.
What Became Of The Man Who Cut Off Jenkins' Ear?, Edward W. Lawson
What Became Of The Man Who Cut Off Jenkins' Ear?, Edward W. Lawson
Florida Historical Quarterly
Almost all histories mention the unfortunate experience of Master Robert Jenkins who achieved fame by giving his name to the War of Jenkins’ Ear. Some even tell that the man who removed Jenkins’ auricle was called Fandino, captain of a Spanish Coast Guard. What ultimately became of Fandino remains a mystery. He deserves better recognition in the history of Florida, for it was he who was largely responsible for the failure of General James Oglethorpe to capture St. Augustine’s Castillo de San Marcos, and hence the abandonment of the siege of our oldest city by the English in 1740.
Population Change As An Element In The Historical Geography Of St. Augustine, John R. Dunkle
Population Change As An Element In The Historical Geography Of St. Augustine, John R. Dunkle
Florida Historical Quarterly
The History of St Augustine, like the history of every place, is an intricate drama of personalities and events set against a backdrop of the physical and cultural environment. This paper attempts to outline the pattern of one facet of the cultural background: population. It is believed that this may be justified by the fact that population changes correlate with events and shed light on those events. Further, population changes serve as an index to changes in economy.
Life At Fort Brooke, 1824-1836, James W. Covington
Life At Fort Brooke, 1824-1836, James W. Covington
Florida Historical Quarterly
In January, 1824 the military post known as Cantonment Brooke and later as Fort Brooke * was established at the juncture of Hillsborough River and the bay bearing the same name. There were many sites more suitable or a fort which could be found along the shores and islands of Tampa Bay; but the land at the chosen location had already been cleared and a house and wharf erected by Robert Hackley, a gentleman from New York who believed that his father held title to the land. Incidently, Hackley had left the property in charge of an overseer so that …
Florida Reconstruction Impeachments, Cortez A. M. Ewing
Florida Reconstruction Impeachments, Cortez A. M. Ewing
Florida Historical Quarterly
The impeachment of Governor Harrison Reed not only contributes an interesting chapter to the history of Reconstruction but it also offers a number of novel precedents to the history of American impeachments. Throughout his gubernatorial term (1868-1872), Reed fought a consistent and courageous struggle against carpetbag politicians in Florida. I know of no other state or national civil officer against whom the impeachment remedy was so frequently attempted. On four occasions, he was threatened with legislative removal. Twice the lower house passed impeachment resolutions. Finally, in the last year of his term, his enemies voted a bona fide and legal …
The Cession Of Florida And John Quincy Adams, Secretary Of State, Lester Harris
The Cession Of Florida And John Quincy Adams, Secretary Of State, Lester Harris
Florida Historical Quarterly
The cession of the Floridas stands out as one of the greatest victories in the history of American diplomacy. Ownership of Florida insured to the United States a continuous seaboard on the Atlantic Ocean. It led to the recognition by the United States of the South American colonies, then in revolt against Spain. The treaty with Spain gave the United States its first recognized claim to the western lands bordering on the Pacific Ocean. 2 It became the basis for the acquisition of Oregon and Washington, and parts of present day Montana and Idaho. Cession led directly to the Monroe …
Autobiography Of William Marvin, Kevin E. Kearney
Autobiography Of William Marvin, Kevin E. Kearney
Florida Historical Quarterly
Sixty-five years ago, a venerable man in Skaneateles, New York, set himself to the task of recording the events of his life. What William Marvin wrote between the pages of a lined composition notebook was more than an autobiography. It was a chapter in American history. What is even more significant is that much of what Marvin recounted pertained to the history of Florida during the critical years 1835-1866, a period which found the nation challenged with the issues of union, disunion, and reunion. The story which follows, then, is the story of a man who served Florida during the …
Blockage Runner, Alice Strickland
Blockage Runner, Alice Strickland
Florida Historical Quarterly
During the Civil War Confederate blockade runners played a dangerous and exciting game of hide and seek with Union gunboats off the Florida coast. President Lincoln had proclaimed the blockade on April 19, 1861, with the intention of closing the Atlantic ports of the Confederacy to trade with other nations. The South, therefore, was faced with the problem of running the blockade in order to bring in the necessities of war.
Gavino Gutierrez And His Contributions To Tampa, Jess L. Keene
Gavino Gutierrez And His Contributions To Tampa, Jess L. Keene
Florida Historical Quarterly
Seventy three years ago the inhabitants around Hillsborough Bay never dreamed of the vast possibilities hidden in the scrub and native forest about them. They never dreamed that a large city was to be built at their own doors and by their own hands.
Birthplaces Of The Conquistadors, Karl A. Bickel
Birthplaces Of The Conquistadors, Karl A. Bickel
Florida Historical Quarterly
Ever since I started dabbling into the business of Spanish Conquistadors; particularly Balboa, Cortes, Pizzaro and our own first great tourist Hernando De Soto, I have been interested in looking more closely into the birthplaces of these men - a topic rather lightly treated by the greater historians - and trying to find after a fashion, some of the things that made them “tick.” The thing that really started me off, however, was a paragraph in a book by Ruth Matilda Anderson of the Hispanic Society of America. The book is titled Spanish Costume - Extramadura and without question it …
News And Notes, Florida Historical Society
News And Notes, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Local centennials, activities of local and regional historical societies, Tequesta,
Indian Presents: To Give Or Not To Give: Governor Whites's Quandary, Richard K. Murdoch
Indian Presents: To Give Or Not To Give: Governor Whites's Quandary, Richard K. Murdoch
Florida Historical Quarterly
At the close of the Eighteenth Century the use of presents to obtain loyalty, friendship, neutrality or allegiance was an old story to the nations of Western Europe, dating back to the days of the Greeks and Romans. Later presents were employed for the same purpose in the feudal period and in the campaigns of the Crusaders in the Holy Land. In the early years of the modern era the Portugese used presents to obtain peaceful entry into African ports as prelude to the slave trade. And finally presents were employed in the Americas by all the colonizing powers as …
The Call To Arms: Secession From A Feminine Point Of View, Samuel Proctor
The Call To Arms: Secession From A Feminine Point Of View, Samuel Proctor
Florida Historical Quarterly
Address of the Ladies of Broward’s Neck through Editors of the Papers, to the Politicians of Florida, as to their Present and Future Protection against Abolition Emmissaries of the North.
The Trials Of Captain Don Isidoro De Leon, Lucy L. Wenhold
The Trials Of Captain Don Isidoro De Leon, Lucy L. Wenhold
Florida Historical Quarterly
Few historians can tell you what Florida was like in 1745. Yet those were the days when the governor of the province spoke of “the terror men feel when they even hear the name of Florida,” and swore to defend it “to the last drop of my blood.”
The Florida Plan: An Ante-Bellum Effort To Control Cotton Sales, Weymouth T. Jordan
The Florida Plan: An Ante-Bellum Effort To Control Cotton Sales, Weymouth T. Jordan
Florida Historical Quarterly
For a number of years historians have been familiar with the work of the so-called commercial conventions which were held in the South during the pre-Civil War period. Three professional studies have been written on the subject of these conventions. These conventions had their beginnings during the troubled times of the panic of 1837; the first one met in 1839; most of them convened during the 1850’s. They were held in the leading cities of the Old South; they were attended by hundreds of men seeking to promote what has come to be known as “southern nationalism;” they did a …
Stories In Stone, Lucy Ames Edwards
Stories In Stone, Lucy Ames Edwards
Florida Historical Quarterly
If it is true, as Hawthorne tells us, that “A grave, wherever found, preaches a short and pithy sermon,” then perhaps a gravestone teaches history. That it records facts of history we know, but in the growth of towns and cities, as skyscrapers and subdivisions supplant old homes and scattered farms, some records of facts are being lost. With the thought of preserving family history the attempt was made in the summer of 1940 to compile the records on early gravemarkers in Duval County. An unexpected bonus was the information gained of Duval County families and how they had helped …
The Background Of The Greek Settlers In The New Smyrna Colony, E. P. Panagopoulos
The Background Of The Greek Settlers In The New Smyrna Colony, E. P. Panagopoulos
Florida Historical Quarterly
Andrew Turnbull, the principal founder of the New Smyrna Colony, was not the first who thought of bringing Greeks to people Florida. Immediately after the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which transferred Florida into British hands, William Knox, in a memorial to Whitehall, had already made this suggestion in a very convincing way. Knox, who later was Under-Secretary of State for American Affairs from 1770 to 1782, made, in his memorial, a detailed analysis of conditions and possibilities of the newly acquired Province of Florida. Attempting to solve the urgent problem of peopling this area, completely depopulated after the departure …
Fort Caroline, Cradle Of American Freedom, Charles E. Bennett
Fort Caroline, Cradle Of American Freedom, Charles E. Bennett
Florida Historical Quarterly
Along the southern bank of the St. Johns River in northeastern Florida stand a wooded bluff and adjoining shorelands which may well be considered the birthplace of American ideals and freedom; or, at very least, the cradle of American ideals in the distant years of 1564 and 1565, and the beginning of the first permanent settlement of our country. The United States government is now, in 1956, establishing at the site what will be called Fort Caroline National Memorial. It is expected that it will be open to visitors by the early summer of 1957. Although the history of St. …
News And Notes, Florida Historical Society
News And Notes, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Notes about Tequesta, activities of local and regional historical societies, notice of the annual meeting, gifts
St. Paul’S Church In Quincy, Florida, During The Territorial Period, Edward B. Gearhart
St. Paul’S Church In Quincy, Florida, During The Territorial Period, Edward B. Gearhart
Florida Historical Quarterly
The development and the growth of the Episcopal Church in Quincy, Florida, and in all Florida, has been best related through the stories of the church leaders whether they were the parish rectors or, in all too few cases, able laymen. For a clear understanding of the life of St. Paul’s Church in Quincy during territorial Florida, three periods must be kept in mind. First, there was the long period of development into a congregation; second, there was the founding of the church and its growth under a rector in residence; last, and most important, were the situations that affected, …
Osceola’S Coats?, William C. Sturtevant
Osceola’S Coats?, William C. Sturtevant
Florida Historical Quarterly
A surprising number of Osceola’s personal possessions have survived to the present, a circumstance no doubt attributable to his fame during life and to the fact that he died in captivity. Goggin (1955; see Bibliography following) has located and carefully described four items of Osceola’s clothing and jewelry, and has compared them with their pictorial representation in Osceola portraits. The four pieces are not only the oldest documented Seminole examples of their types, but are among the oldest dated Seminole ethnographic specimens of any kind. Hence they are important for the study of the history of Seminole material culture, as …