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Articles 1441 - 1470 of 19531
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Lincoln's Courier: John L. Worden's Mission To Fort Pickens, James P. Jones
Lincoln's Courier: John L. Worden's Mission To Fort Pickens, James P. Jones
Florida Historical Quarterly
The spring of 1861 was a time of decision-making for the newly installed Lincoln administration. First on the agenda was the reinforcement and supply of Ft. Sumter, but an equally grave problem involved Ft. Pickens in Pensacola harbor. For several months a truce arranged between two members of President Buchanan’s cabinet and Confederate military authorities had been in force. This truce was an agreement not to reinforce Pickens if the Confederates promised not to attack. By March, 1861, Lincoln, Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles, and General Winfield Scott were growing concerned over the Pensacola situation. The Pickens garrison remained …
A War Correspondent's View Of St. Augustine And Fernandina: 1863, P. J. Staudenraus
A War Correspondent's View Of St. Augustine And Fernandina: 1863, P. J. Staudenraus
Florida Historical Quarterly
Noah Brooks, born in Castine, Maine, in 1830, was an experienced newspaper man by the age of twenty-five. He worked for newspapers in Massachusetts, Illinois, and California before going to Washington, D. C., in December, 1862, as special correspondent for the Sacramento Daily Union. During the three years Brooks lived in the national capital he became a personal friend of President Lincoln whom he first met in Illinois in 1856. Before Lincoln died he asked Brooks to be his personal secretary. Brooks’s visit to Union Army stations along the coast of South Carolina and Florida in June, 1863, was one …
The English Invasion Of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706, Charles W. Arnade
The English Invasion Of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706, Charles W. Arnade
Florida Historical Quarterly
Though Florida had been discovered by Ponce de Leon in 1513, not until 1565 did it become a Spanish province in fact. In that year Pedro Menendez de Aviles was able to establish a permanent capital which he called St. Augustine. Menendez and successive executives had plans to make St. Augustine a thriving metropolis ruling over a vast Spanish colony that might possibly be elevated to a viceroyalty. Nothing of this sort happened. By 1599 Florida was in desperate straits: Indians had rebelled and butchered the Franciscan missionaries, fire and flood had made life in St. Augustine miserable, English pirates …
Two Seminole Treaties: Payne's Landing, 1832, Ft. Gibson, 1833, John K. Mahon
Two Seminole Treaties: Payne's Landing, 1832, Ft. Gibson, 1833, John K. Mahon
Florida Historical Quarterly
The treaty of Moultrie Creek or Camp Moultrie, of 1823, quickly revealed more weaknesses than strengths. Conspicuous among them was the absence of any deadline date by which the Seminoles were expected to be within the boundaries of their reservation. Very shortly it became obvious that the Indians were dissatisfied with the treaty, did not want to move, and were in no hurry to do so. Even after months had passed, still only a few had entered the reservation.
A Northerner Reports On Florida: 1866, Joe M. Richardson
A Northerner Reports On Florida: 1866, Joe M. Richardson
Florida Historical Quarterly
In the fall of 1865 Colonel Thomas W. Osborn, Assistant Commissioner of the Freedmen’s Bureau for Florida, decided to divide the State into five districts, and send agents on inspection tours of each. The inspectors were to make full reports on the general condition of the freedmen and the amount of crops being raised. Special notice was to be taken of the proportion of nonproducing members among the ex-slaves, and the number of white and colored schools, scholars, and teachers in each section. In addition, the agents were to gauge the white attitude toward the Union, and determine whether the …
The Treaty Of Moultrie Creek, 1823, John K. Mahon
The Treaty Of Moultrie Creek, 1823, John K. Mahon
Florida Historical Quarterly
A decade before the United States obtained possession of the whole of Florida the Indians had learned to fear Americans. Three times the men of the new nation to the north had invaded the peninsula; two of these invasions had brought ruin to the redmen. The first invasion-during the “Patriot War” of 1811-1813 - had initiated the disintegration of the towns and the agriculture of the Indians, east of the Suwannee River. The second - Andrew Jackson’s campaign in 1818 - had wreaked the same havoc upon those west of the Suwannee. The Florida Indians were never the same after …
The Celestial Railroad To Juno, Nathan D. Shappee
The Celestial Railroad To Juno, Nathan D. Shappee
Florida Historical Quarterly
The topic of this paper is deeply and affectionately imbedded in the early history and folklore of northern Dade County and present day Palm Beach County. Until this present undertaking no attempt at a comprehensive article about the Celestial Railroad has been made. Stray references and short descriptions are found in a wide variety of places but the best of these are in unpublished reminiscences of old-timers and in contemporary newspapers which are not readily accessible to general readers.
William Augustus Bowles And The State Of Muskogee, Lyle N. Mcalister
William Augustus Bowles And The State Of Muskogee, Lyle N. Mcalister
Florida Historical Quarterly
As the eighteenth century approached its end, the decline of the imperial power of Spain was reflected and magnified in the borderland provinces of East and West Florida. In these outposts of empire the hand of authority was weak and resources for defense were almost non-existent. The military establishment consisted of understrength garrisons in the presidios at St. Augustine, San Marcos de Apalache, Mobile, and Pensacola, and the sparsity and dispersion of the population precluded reliance on troops raised locally. Moreover, the Viceroy of Mexico and the Captain General of Cuba, who were responsible for the defense of the northern …
East Coast Florida Steamboating, 1831-1861, Edward A. Mueller
East Coast Florida Steamboating, 1831-1861, Edward A. Mueller
Florida Historical Quarterly
Transportation facilities have always played a substantial and significant role in the development and settlement of the United States. Likewise, in the early days of Florida’s development, water transportation played a most important part, sailing ships helping to bring in some of the first settlers and visitors. Because Florida is a peninsula for the most part and has water access on most of its boundaries as well as many waterways serving the interior, transportation by water has always loomed large. Sailing vessels, however, have their difficulties not the least of which is the lack of a regular schedule and the …
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Reviews of Confederate Strategy from Shiloh to Vicksburg. By Archer Jones. (Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1961. 240 pp. Maps, bibliography, and index. $5.00.); Why the North Won The Civil War. Edited by David Donald. (Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1960. xv, 128 pp. Suggested Readings and index. $2.95.); Americans at War, The Development of the American Military System. By T. Harry Williams. (Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1960. 139 pp. Illustrations. $3.50.); Marquette Legends. By Francis Borgia Steck. Edited by August Reyling. (New York, Pageant Press, 1960. xxii, 350 pp. Facsimiles, maps, notes, bibliography, and index. …
The Loyalist Migration From East Florida To The Bahama Islands, Thelma Peters
The Loyalist Migration From East Florida To The Bahama Islands, Thelma Peters
Florida Historical Quarterly
During the American Revolution many Loyalists fled from the southern states and sought refuge in British East Florida. At the close of the war, when Florida changed hands again, these refugees as well as the British residents of Florida were forced to choose between living under the flag of Spain or seeking new homes elsewhere. Most of them left Florida and many of them established their new homes in the sprawling archipelago which is Florida’s neighbor to the east, the Bahama Islands
A Naval Visitor In British West Florida, Robert R. Rea
A Naval Visitor In British West Florida, Robert R. Rea
Florida Historical Quarterly
The world-wide explansion of the British Empire in the eighteenth century was dependent upon a navy whose officers were, of necessity, the most widely travelled men of their times. No less than frontiersmen, the holders of His Majesty’s commission were empire-builders. Seldom, however, were they fully conscious of the broader significance of their work or capable of literary exploitation of their experiences. John Blankett was an exception to this generalization. His career extended from the inland waters of North America to the Indian Ocean, from Russia to South Africa, from the English Channel to the Red Sea where he last …
The Editor's Corner, Florida Historical Society
The Editor's Corner, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Mr. James Willard Milgram of 216 Columbia Heights, Brooklyn 1, New York, had an interesting cover and letter in a recent issue of the Weekly Philatelic Gossip. With the permission of that publication, a condensation of his article with the letter is reproduced for our readers.
Sectionalism In The Peace Convention Of 1861, Jesse L. Keene
Sectionalism In The Peace Convention Of 1861, Jesse L. Keene
Florida Historical Quarterly
While angry clouds gathered in the southern sky and some southern states enacted ordinances of secession providing for funds and cannons, while the people of the North went their way, declaring that only a sprinkle would come from the angry clouds in the South, the appointed state commissioners of twenty-one states assembled at the Willard Hotel in Washington, D. C., February 4, 1861, at 12 o’clock, pursuant to the resolutions adopted by the General Assembly of Virginia, January 19, 1861.
News And Notes, Florida Historical Society
News And Notes, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Notes from local historical societies, National Historic Sites Registry
Philemon Thomas And The West Florida Revolution, Henry Eugene Sterkx
Philemon Thomas And The West Florida Revolution, Henry Eugene Sterkx
Florida Historical Quarterly
During the first decade of the nineteenth century many Americans moved into the Spanish province of West Florida. Some came to establish new homes or to engage in conspiracies against the weak Spanish government. Others came to escape justice or seek asylum from slavery. The province had a strange population made up of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Americans, traders, land speculators, army deserters, fleeing debtors, fugitives from justice, filibusterers, and others of infamous background. Moving into this milieu in 1805 was Philemon Thomas. This native of Virginia and ex-Kentuckian had led an interesting and exciting life. He was born in Orange County, …
German Espionage In Florida During World War Ii, Leon O. Prior
German Espionage In Florida During World War Ii, Leon O. Prior
Florida Historical Quarterly
Only one Florida resident was arrested and convicted by the United States government for performing German inspired espionage in Florida during World War II. This one misguided individual was forty-nine year old Carl Herman Schroetter, with aliases John Charles Post and Captain Jack Post. He was arrested at his residence, 220 Northwest 33rd. Avenue, Miami, Florida, on September 2, 1941, by special agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Upon arraignment before the United States Commissioner at Miami, Schroetter was charged with gathering and mailing information concerning the national defense to another German agent, Kurt Frederick Ludwig, in New York …
Civil War Operations In And Around Pensacola Part Iii, Edwin C. Bearss
Civil War Operations In And Around Pensacola Part Iii, Edwin C. Bearss
Florida Historical Quarterly
Five days subsequent to the great artillery duel of November 22-23 Bragg endeavored to transmit mail to the Confederate prisoners held by the Yankees. Brown refused to receive the letters and even disdained to state his reasons for so doing. He was by no means as courteous and amiable as he had been after the attack on his outside confrere, Colonel Wilson. Later in the day a small yawl attempted to enter the bay from the fleet, a privilege heretofore accorded to the Federals, as until November 22 the Rebels’ vessels had been allowed to tie up at the navy …
Pensacola's Exiled Government, W. B. Skinner
Pensacola's Exiled Government, W. B. Skinner
Florida Historical Quarterly
Judah P. Benjamin, Confederate secretary of war, ordered General Braxton Bragg, commanding officer of Confederate forces at Pensacola, to send as many troops as he could to Tennessee. On February 18, 1862, Bragg issued orders to abandon Pensacola. Upon Bragg’s departure, General Sam Jones assumed the command with the instructions to destroy everything in the Pensacola area which might be of use to the Federal forces who occupied Fort Pickens on Santa Rosa Island. The destruction was completed by May 9th and the following day the Federals occupied Pensacola.
Civil War Operations In And Around Pensacola Part Ii, Florida Historical Society
Civil War Operations In And Around Pensacola Part Ii, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
The new Confederate commander at Pensacola seemed omnipresent. In conjunction with Colonel William J. Hardee, commander at Fort Morgan, the bastion guarding the eastern approaches to Mobile Bay, a reconnaissance was conducted preparatory to the opening of a new line of communication between Mobile and Pensacola. It was hoped that an easier route could be developed between these two key points by utilizing water and land transportation, via Bon Secours, Bear Creek, and Perdido Bay, eliminating the long, slow overland trek from Blakely.
Asboth's Expedition Up The Alabama And Florida Railroad, Edwin L. Bearss
Asboth's Expedition Up The Alabama And Florida Railroad, Edwin L. Bearss
Florida Historical Quarterly
During the first week of July, 1864, the powerful “Army Group” commanded by Major General William T. Sherman slowly closed in on Atlanta, Georgia. To help loosen the grip of the Confederate Army of Tennessee on Atlanta, Sherman planned to send a fast moving cavalry force, about 3,000 strong, to smash the Montgomery and West Point Railroad. (This railroad linked the defenders of Atlanta with the magazines and supply depots of central Alabama.) Leaving Decatur, Alabama, on July 9, these raiders were expected to strike the vital railroad near Opelika. After tearing up the track and burning the trestles and …
Florida On The Eve Of The Civil War As Seen By A Southern Reporter, William Warren Rogers
Florida On The Eve Of The Civil War As Seen By A Southern Reporter, William Warren Rogers
Florida Historical Quarterly
In the days prior to the firing on Fort Sumter, readers of the Charleston Daily Courier were kept well informed on current events by its various correspondents. No paper in the South was better supplied with journalists, who sent in weekly, and often daily, reports from centers of interest. One of these reporters styled himself “Batchelor,” and he made a tour of Florida for the Courier.
The Spanish Conquest Of British West Florida, 1779-1781, Albert W. Haarmann
The Spanish Conquest Of British West Florida, 1779-1781, Albert W. Haarmann
Florida Historical Quarterly
Florida passed to British control in 1763 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. A Royal Proclamation on October 7 of that year established West Florida as a colony and Pensacola was designated as its capital.
Captain Nathaniel Wyche Hunter And The Florida Indian Campaigns, 1837-1841, Reynold M. Wik
Captain Nathaniel Wyche Hunter And The Florida Indian Campaigns, 1837-1841, Reynold M. Wik
Florida Historical Quarterly
In January, 1837, Captain Nathaniel Wyche Hunter arrived at Fort Huleman, Florida, to engage in the military campaigns against the Seminole Indians. His letters and diaries during the next four years provide a vivid account of military life in the Peninsula State. Although his observations do not alter the history of the Seminole wars, they do reflect the thoughts of a perceptive officer facing the frustrations common to this theater of frontier warfare. They also present a soldier’s view of the United States government’s action in removing the Florida Indians to lands beyond the Mississippi river.
History, Nationalism, And Public Opinion: The Memorialization Of George Mason, Kasandra Fager
History, Nationalism, And Public Opinion: The Memorialization Of George Mason, Kasandra Fager
Honors Projects
The George Mason Memorial , built on the National Mall in 2002, captures the accomplishments of George Mason, a Founding Father, author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights, and he refused to sign the U.S. Constitution. Identifying Mason's history and exploring the motivations and struggles of the creation of the memorial opens a conversation for public opinion regarding the memorial's physical manifestation. The height of the Jefferson Memorial, the height of the George Washington obelisk, and the beauty of the Lincoln Memorial is seen as a testament of their god-like status in American history. So, where does this leave Mason’s …
Stories Behind The Brick And Mortar: Voices Of Mississippi University For Women, Lauren Harmon
Stories Behind The Brick And Mortar: Voices Of Mississippi University For Women, Lauren Harmon
Merge
No abstract provided.
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Reviews of The Territorial Papers of the United States, Volume XXIII The Territory of Florida, 1824-1828 and Volume XXIV The Territory of Florida, 1828-1834. Compiled and edited by Clarence Edwin Carter. (Washington, U. S. Government Printing Office, 1958, 1959. Vol. XXIII, 1191 pp. Maps and index. $6.50; Vol. XXIV, 1143 pp. Maps and index. $8.00.); Historic Sites in and Around the Jim Woodruff Reservoir Area, Florida-Georgia. By Mark F. Boyd. River Basin Surveys Papers, No. 13. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 169. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1958. pp. 195-314. Plates, Bibliography,); Pioneer Florida. Edited by D. B. McKay. With a …
Documents Pertaining To The Georgia-Florida Frontier, 1791-1793, Richard K. Murdoch
Documents Pertaining To The Georgia-Florida Frontier, 1791-1793, Richard K. Murdoch
Florida Historical Quarterly
During the period from 1784 to 1821, one of the major causes of friction along the St. Marys River, the dividing line between the United States and East Florida, was the frequent disappearance of Negro slaves, usually fleeing from the American bank of the river into the sparsely populated Spanish colony where they hoped to find a refuge with the Indian population or among the freed Negroes and mulattoes in St. Augustine. Frequent arrangements were made by the authorities on both sides to return the runaways as soon as possible to their legitimate owners to avoid unnecessary diplomatic wrangling.
The Journal Of A. B. Meek And The Second Seminole War, 1836, John K. Mahon
The Journal Of A. B. Meek And The Second Seminole War, 1836, John K. Mahon
Florida Historical Quarterly
Alexander Beaufort Meek was born in Columbia, South Carolina, March 17, 1814, the son of a methodist minister. While he was still young his parents migrated to Tuscaloosa, Alabama, taking him with them. Although inclined to be indolent, learning came easily to the boy. Proof of this is that at a tender age he memorized the entire Old Testament. At age nineteen he was graduated from the University of Alabama (1833), and at twenty-two was awarded a master’s degree from the same school. Meanwhile, in 1835 he had begun the practice of law in Tuscaloosa.
The Episcopal Church In Florida During The Civil War, Joseph D. Cushman, Jr.
The Episcopal Church In Florida During The Civil War, Joseph D. Cushman, Jr.
Florida Historical Quarterly
As the Civil War approached, the Episcopal Church in Flor- ida found herself for the first time since the opening of the territory in a position of stability. She had weathered the hardships and uncertainties of the territorial period; her older parishes had become self-supporting congregations, and were embarking on vigorous parochial and educational projects; and a new group of lively missions was springing up in towns like Fernandina, Ocala, and Palatka, and in agricultural villages like Waukeena and Milton. The Diocese of Florida, which had been bishopless for thirteen years after its organization in 1838, had enjoyed the episcopal …