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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Asymmetric Effects Of The Ebbinghaus Illusion On Relative Depth Judgments In A Perceptual Matching Task, Caden J. Thompson
Asymmetric Effects Of The Ebbinghaus Illusion On Relative Depth Judgments In A Perceptual Matching Task, Caden J. Thompson
Honors Theses
The Ebbinghaus illusion, also know as Titchner Circles, is a perceptual illusion that is typically presented as a two-dimensional set of disks. These disks are configured as a central disk surrounded by an annulus of smaller or larger disks. Numerous studies have found the illusion to have an effect on size perception, but fewer studies have analyzed its effects on depth judgments. This study utilized a head-worn virtual reality environment as well as a three-dimensional display to examine the effects of the Ebbinghaus illusion on relative depth judgments in a perceptual matching task. Findings indicated that Ebbinghaus configurations featuring an …
“Every Mother A Missionary”?: The Vlogs Of Mormon Mothers, Celia Golden
“Every Mother A Missionary”?: The Vlogs Of Mormon Mothers, Celia Golden
Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) places high expectations on mothers because their role in the church is to rear children into godly adults. When their lives are made public through social media, Mormon mothers online avoid religious expectations by withholding information about their Mormon faith and scarcely showing their husbands on-camera. Mormon husbands are expected to be the providers for the family, but as demonstrated through mothers’ vlogs on Instagram, husbands’ erasure allows for mothers to market their expertise to others as a paid product to earn their own revenue. Through descriptive coding, this study …
Heredity, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Heredity, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Heredity is the sum of biological processes that result in the transmission of genetic traits from parents to their offspring, making each individual unique. Through the transmission of genetic traits, heredity is responsible for each individual’s genotype, as well as his or her phenotype. The genes that are passed down from generation to generation have a considerable influence on psychological characteristics including intelligence, personality, mental health, and patterns of behavior. However, when considering psychological characteristics passed down through heredity, it is vital that environmental aspects are also considered.
Adopted Children, Michael Galobardi, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Adopted Children, Michael Galobardi, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Views about the manner and nature of human development have changed across time (Psyking.net 2016). Some of these views have been religious (e.g., creationism) and some of these views have been more biological (e.g., preformationism). Regardless of the focus of the view, how we believe human beings develop has a profound effect on our expectations for those beings. One early view of human development from a biological perspective was Preformationism. This is explained as, “A notion that was widespread among pioneer biologists in the 18th century was that the fetus, and hence the adult organism that develops from it, is …
Love, Kelsey Grodner, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Love, Kelsey Grodner, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Many have sought to understand the mystifying concept of love including psychologists, philosophers, and theologians. Most research on love focuses on the early bonding between a mother and her infant, and uses this as the exemplar for how any love relationship is formed and maintained throughout the life span. Early in development, the first understanding of love is gathered through the warm connections, nurture and affection experienced through the interaction between the child and parents or caregivers. Many theorists have suggested that the type and success of this early interaction informs how future emotional bonds and relationships are molded throughout …
Bio-Physiological Development During Adulthood, Maria Boix Braga, Charles J. Golden, Lisa K. Lashley
Bio-Physiological Development During Adulthood, Maria Boix Braga, Charles J. Golden, Lisa K. Lashley
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Defining adulthood, and what the criteria truly is to be able to consider oneself an adult, varies from culture to culture. Biologically, adulthood can also be defined as the period in which full physical and intellectual maturity has been attained. It is a period that is defined slightly differently depending on the source, but it is agreed that it tends to be considered the life period between ages 18 and 60. However, the definition of adulthood can have varying legal and sociocultural factors as well. For example, the legal definition of an adult is a person who has reached the …
Infant Imitation And Social Interaction, Caroline Bartes, Naomi J. Aldrich
Infant Imitation And Social Interaction, Caroline Bartes, Naomi J. Aldrich
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Today imitation (i.e., copying another’s behaviors) is recognized as the fundamental mechanism by which cultural knowledge is socially transmitted across generations (Gergely & Csibra, 2006). Indeed, inquiries into children’s imitation have been at the forefront of developmental science nearly since its inception. Piaget suggested that at its core, imitation acted as the child’s representation of self-in-action before the representation of self-in-thought (Piaget & Inhelder, 1966/1969). While Piaget discussed the presence of reflexive imitation within the first months of life (e.g., a baby crying upon hearing another baby’s cry), he reasoned that children could not imitate others’ gestures until the end …
Metabolic Theories Of Aging, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Metabolic Theories Of Aging, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Metabolic theories of aging postulate that aging is due to energy expenditure, which ultimately results in the breakdown and eventual death of cells. Historically, within the realm of metabolic theories of aging, there have been three models: The Rate-of-Living theory, The Oxidative Damage/Free Radical theory, and the Metabolic Stability theory. All three theories maintain that aging is directly related to metabolic rate, but the theories differ in how they arrive at that conclusion.
Emotional Expression In Children, Caitlin F. Herman, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Emotional Expression In Children, Caitlin F. Herman, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
The development of emotional expression begins from the time an infant bonds with his or her caregiver. Establishing this bond occurs through both the caregiver expressing her feelings to the child and understanding the emotions expressed by the infant. This communication is almost exclusively non-verbal for a long period of time, which requires understanding of and ability to express emotions via facial expressions and vocal inflections. Infants use non-verbal communication to express needs and wants, and the caregiver’s ability to respond to these expressions appropriately is essential to establishing emotional bonds and a confidence in the ability to have one’s …
James Mark Baldwin, Scott Harcourt
James Mark Baldwin, Scott Harcourt
Essays in Developmental Psychology
James Baldwin was born on January 12, 1861 in Columbia, South Carolina. He attended secondary school in New Jersey. He initially planned on a life in the ministry, but in his first year at Princeton (then the College of New Jersey), he fell under the tutelage of the Scottish Realist James McCosh, and studied empirical psychology instead, graduating as valedictorian in 1894. He spent a fellowship year in Germany and France, studying with Wundt in Leipzig, before returning to Princeton for his Ph.D. He then taught at Lake Forest University for two years, during which time he married.
David F. Bjorklund, Rhonda Douglas Brown
David F. Bjorklund, Rhonda Douglas Brown
Essays in Developmental Psychology
David F. Bjorklund is an eminent scholar in the field of developmental psychology. He was born on June 13, 1949 in Worcester, Massachusetts. He received his bachelor’s degree cum laude in psychology from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst in 1971. His graduate degrees include a master’s in psychology from the University of Dayton in 1973 and a doctorate in developmental psychology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1976, as well as a Distinguished Alumnus Award in 2002. He received an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Bern, Switzerland in 2015. Bjorklund is currently a Professor of …
Lifespan Perspective, Leila Eikevik
Lifespan Perspective, Leila Eikevik
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Psychologists who study human development have adopted the lifespan perspective, which maintains that important changes occur during every period of development and that these changes must be interpreted in terms of the culture and context in which they occur (Boyd and Bee, 2009). Prior to this understanding, the subject of development was limited to childhood. This view has shifted because it is evident adults continue to experience major life changes and there has been a significant increase in age expectancy. Therefore, all stages of life are equally important. Lifespan development begins at the time of conception and continues up until …
Naïve Theories, Ethan Fleuchaus, Heidi Kloos
Naïve Theories, Ethan Fleuchaus, Heidi Kloos
Essays in Developmental Psychology
While the idea of the mind as a blank slate has long been abandoned, the question of what exactly a “non-blank slate” might look like is still debated. In this entry we discuss the claim that children are equipped with naïve theories—primitive, incomplete, or otherwise ill-formed, but nevertheless systematic, mental representations of cause-effect relations. Other terms that reflect this idea include ‘misconceptions’, ‘naïve beliefs’, ‘prior theories’, ‘alternative conceptions’, or ‘intuitive theories’. Their main characteristic is that they interfere with an open-minded exploration of the surrounding. The unfortunate result of such biased exploration is that children ignore evidence that conflicts with …
Heinz Werner, Ethan Fleuchaus, Katie Cunningham, Heidi Kloos
Heinz Werner, Ethan Fleuchaus, Katie Cunningham, Heidi Kloos
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Heinz Werner (February 11, 1890 – May 14, 1964) was an Austrian psychologist who played an active role in defining the field of developmental psychology at the start of the 20th century. While initially seeking to become a composer and music historian, he changed his mind after listening to a lecture on Immanuel Kant at the University of Vienna. Werner became engrossed in topics of philosophy and psychology (which were combined at the time), and he wrote his dissertation on the psychology of aesthetic experiences. Subsequently he worked at the University of Hamburg, where he published the first edition of …
Patriarchal Violence, Fallon Flowers, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Patriarchal Violence, Fallon Flowers, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Patriarchal violence has been described as a pattern of behavior by men perpetuated against women in order to maintain control over women and their behavior. Ultimately, it is meant to oppress them; resulting in women being relegated to a lower position in society. The need for men to exert control over women via Patriarchal violence has roots in one’s cultural, societal, and moral beliefs. Such beliefs pertain to what is considered appropriate and what is considered inappropriate in a cultural context. One of the burgeoning examples of this form of violence against women is the “honor killing”, the killing of …
Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Huda Abu-Suwa, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Huda Abu-Suwa, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Stem cell research is a controversial issue that has received considerable attention over the last three decades. Stem cell research began in the early 1980’s, when stem cells were obtained from mice embryos and utilized to understand the functioning of stem cells (Grivennikov, 2008). In 1998, researchers discovered techniques for obtaining embryonic stem cells from human and growing them in laboratories. Since them, substantial research has been conducted on stem cells and their potential uses, which includes increasing our understanding of diseases and how they occur, treating various diseases, and testing new medications for safety and efficacy (Taylor, 2005).
Robert Stoller, Huda Abu-Suwa, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Robert Stoller, Huda Abu-Suwa, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Robert Stoller was an American psychiatrist who studied gender identity and sexuality. Stoller was born in 1924 and died in 1991 (Green, 1992). He died in a car accident near his home, at the age of 66 (Cook, 1992). Stoller received his bachelor’s degree from the University of California, Berkeley, and received his medical degree in 1948 from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) (Goleman, 1991). Stoller also completed psychoanalytic training at the Psychoanalytic Society and Institute, where he worked under psychoanalyst Hanna Fenichel.
Psychological Development: Cognition, Emotions, Personality, Anita Knight Kuhnley, Kelly Carapezza, Gary Sibcy
Psychological Development: Cognition, Emotions, Personality, Anita Knight Kuhnley, Kelly Carapezza, Gary Sibcy
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Adolescence is considered the age that bridges childhood and adulthood, Erik Erikson, who has contributed much to our understanding of the developmental stages described adolescence as, “the age mediating between childhood and adulthood (Erikson, 1997, p.xi).” Adolescence includes the sometimes tumultuous years between the ages of 11 and 21, and the Eriksons addressed this as one stage (Newman and Newman, 2013). Some authors attribute the fact that adolescence is such a trying time to the fact that adolescents lose synapses in the brain specifically in the primary visual cortex at a rate of 5,000 per second (Bears, Connor, and Paradiso, …
Adolescent Depression, Skip Kumm
Adolescent Depression, Skip Kumm
Essays in Developmental Psychology
It is common for teens to experience depression. Researchers have found that up to one in eight youth experience some form of depression during their teenage years. It is also well known that all adolescents face many unique challenges related to school, finding a college, peer pressure, and hormones, which may result periods of sadness, frustration, and despair; however, depression is more than just feeling sad or not being happy, depression is a serious mental condition different from typical adolescent experiences.
Generativity, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Generativity, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
In psychology, the term generativity refers to concern for the future and the need to offer positive contributions to future generations. The term first appeared in stage seven of Erik Erikson’s model of psychosocial development (generativity vs. stagnation). Erikson’s model postulates that generativity occurs explicitly in middle adulthood, but a more recent model of generativity created by Dan McAdams proposes that generativity occurs as a function of increasing cultural demand and concern for future generations, rather than a function of personality change (McAdams, 2001).
Complex Emotions, Jessica Choe, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Complex Emotions, Jessica Choe, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Complex emotions are ways in which an individual reacts and respond to complex social situations when encountering people and situations in the social world. Thus, complex emotions are ways of coping and adapting to complex social situations. Complex emotions are mental representations that have been studied on a three-level analysis surrounding the body, mind, and society, which translates to the biological and the evolutionary, the mental and the psychological, and the social and the cultural. This approach has been referred to as the neurocognitive sociology of emotions.
Psychomotor Speed In Old Age, Cheryl Chakranarayan, Nathan C. Weed
Psychomotor Speed In Old Age, Cheryl Chakranarayan, Nathan C. Weed
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Psychomotor ability is defined in terms of the relationship between cognitive functions and motor activities. It plays an important role in acquiring and carrying out a broad range of physical skills and coordinated behaviors, such as playing a sport, or in everyday activities like pouring a glass of milk or applying makeup. Psychomotor speed therefore is the rate at which a certain psychomotor behavior can be carried out. Because of the relevance of psychomotor speed to many areas of personal functioning, it has been extensively studied in a wide variety of applied contexts including sports performance, personnel selection within the …
Quiet Times: The Application Of Self-Management To Private Spiritual Practices, Noah Branson
Quiet Times: The Application Of Self-Management To Private Spiritual Practices, Noah Branson
Honors College Theses
A “quiet time” refers to the private spiritual practice of reading the Bible, praying, and meditating on one’s own initiative outside of religious sanctioned events. This study examines the effect of a self-management intervention on establishing and maintaining the habit of a daily quiet time. The study’s hypotheses predicted there would be an increase in quiet time 1) frequency, 2) duration, and 3) overall satisfaction from the baseline phase to the intervention phase. Data was collected via a daily check-in and pretest/posttest surveys, and participants attended an in-person intervention to determine how to apply self-management tactics to their own personal …
Building Blocks Of Language: Speech Perception In Infants (Eimas Et Al., 1971), Sanjula Mahathantila, Jonathan B. Santo
Building Blocks Of Language: Speech Perception In Infants (Eimas Et Al., 1971), Sanjula Mahathantila, Jonathan B. Santo
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Language is a very important component of what makes humans, humans. Without language, we would not be able to communicate thoughts, feelings, or ideas. Learning a native language starts at infancy and continues well into our adult lives. However, the beginning of learning a language at infancy might not be as simple as it seems. In adulthood, when hearing a foreign language it might be hard to figure out where one word stops and where another begins. Infants are doing the same thing, except on a much different scale.
Kieran Egan, Benjamin Lowry, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Kieran Egan, Benjamin Lowry, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden
Essays in Developmental Psychology
Kieran Egan was born in 1942 in Clomel, Ireland. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1966 from the University of London. After graduating he was employed at the Institute for Comparative Studies in Kingston upon Thames as a research fellow. Egan then began a Ph.D. program in philosophy of education from Stanford Graduate School of Education, but after two years he transferred to Cornell University and completed his degree in 1972. He then worked at Simon Frasier University as a professor of education.
Work-Life Balance Conflicts Parents Of Early Adolescents Faced During Covid-19 Lockdowns, Rodney Smith
Work-Life Balance Conflicts Parents Of Early Adolescents Faced During Covid-19 Lockdowns, Rodney Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Measures such as social distancing and lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic meant parents balanced their roles as educators, tech support, and employees in shared home offices. This qualitative phenomenological study was to investigate the work-life balance conflicts parents of early adolescents faced during the COVID-19 lockdowns, focusing on how parents managed the challenges of pandemic restrictions and their strategies for coping with cognitive, emotional, and physical fatigue for themselves and their families. This study was guided by the transactional theory of stress and coping. Twelve female parents were virtually interviewed, selected based on their having early adolescent children at home, …
Early Birds Or Night Owls: Who Is Getting The Best Sleep?, Josie Davis
Early Birds Or Night Owls: Who Is Getting The Best Sleep?, Josie Davis
2025 Student Academic Showcase
Chronotyping is categorizing individuals based on their sleep schedules. The two chronotypes are morning-types (M-type) and eveningtypes (E-types; Montralu et al., 2021). Heinrich et al. (2021) found that M-type individuals experienced better sleep quality than E-type individuals. Approximately 200 full time working individuals aged 20+ will be surveyed on their chronotype, sleep quality, and preferred exercise time. We hypothesize that M-type individuals will report better sleep quality than E-type individuals and will use an independent samples t-test to assess this. Additionally, we will categorize participants on matching or non-matching of chronotype and preferred exercise timing. The expectation is that the …
Library Experience Day: Fostering Student Engagement And Recruitment Through A Community Partnership, Melissa Dennis, Amanda T. Osborne
Library Experience Day: Fostering Student Engagement And Recruitment Through A Community Partnership, Melissa Dennis, Amanda T. Osborne
The Southeastern Librarian
This study explores the creation of a community engaged partnership between a university librarian and high school librarian. The article underscores the significance of university-school collaborations in ad-vancing K-12 education, offering insights for academic and educational institutions seeking to strength-en community engagement and recruitment initiatives. The authors discuss how the collaboration helped bolster an academic library’s strategic initiative to foster community engagement, particularly with local K-12 schools, and advance college readiness skills for area students. Collaborating with four high school librarians, the authors designed an interactive day on campus with activities and tours high-lighting the diverse roles within an academic …
African American Adolescent Depressive Symptoms And Caregiver Perceptions, Katerina Marroquin
African American Adolescent Depressive Symptoms And Caregiver Perceptions, Katerina Marroquin
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African American adolescents with untreated mental health problems can have symptoms of depression. Depressive symptoms can persist in adulthood if untreated. Caregiver recognition is the strongest predictor of adolescent behaviors and depressive symptom outcomes. Caregivers can identify depressive symptoms in African American adolescents by focusing on met and unmet needs. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to ask about caregiver perceptions of African American adolescent depressive symptoms with focus on physiological needs, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. The theoretical framework for this study is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo to enhance the interpretation …
2025 Acssc Program, Acssc Planning Committee
2025 Acssc Program, Acssc Planning Committee
Annual Celebration for Student Scholarship and Creativity
No abstract provided.