Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 271 - 300 of 1178

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Rehabilitation Counselor Competency When Working With Sci And Physical Disabilities, Denise M. Anderson Jan 2022

Rehabilitation Counselor Competency When Working With Sci And Physical Disabilities, Denise M. Anderson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to address the gap in knowledge of the perceived competency of rehabilitation counselors when working with patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI) and/or a physical disability. The factors that influence the mental health needs of person with SCI and the understanding of how rehabilitation counselors view their competency levels with supporting this population were explored. Selection criteria included licensed or certified rehabilitation counselors actively providing care for persons with SCI and/or a physical disability applying a theoretical framework. A qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach was used to address the central research question …


Educational Level As A Moderator Between Stress And Suicidal Ideation Among Law Enforcement Officers, Sittipong Permsookjit Jan 2022

Educational Level As A Moderator Between Stress And Suicidal Ideation Among Law Enforcement Officers, Sittipong Permsookjit

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Law enforcement officers are exposed to occupation-related stress at a level greater than any other occupation, save war combatants, such stress can lead to suicidal ideation. There is a growing trend of suicidal ideation among law enforcement officers. This trend will threaten the stability of society if it is allowed to continue. Educational level has been shown to improve quality of life and is considered a quantitative resource. Using the theoretical framework of appraisal theory, this study’s purpose was to examine the moderating effects of educational level on stress and suicidal ideation among law enforcement officers. A total of 72 …


Book Review: Deaf People In The Criminal Justice System: Selected Topics On Advocacy, Incarceration, And Social Justice, Neil S. Glickman Jan 2022

Book Review: Deaf People In The Criminal Justice System: Selected Topics On Advocacy, Incarceration, And Social Justice, Neil S. Glickman

JADARA

None


The Impact Of Perceived Daily Racism And Racial Identity Development On Body Dissatisfaction Among Asian American Female College Students, Mary E. Burkhart Polk Jan 2022

The Impact Of Perceived Daily Racism And Racial Identity Development On Body Dissatisfaction Among Asian American Female College Students, Mary E. Burkhart Polk

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Eating disorders pose a significant health problem for a diverse group of people. However, knowledge regarding their origins and appropriate treatments has not expanded, more specifically for Asian Americans. This study aimed to increase the knowledge surrounding an essential component of disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, and potential factors in its development. Specifically, the impact of experiences of daily racism and racial identity development on body dissatisfaction among Asian American college women were examined. Using a non-experimental, quantitative survey design, this study assessed the relationship between perceived daily racism and the racial identity schema Internalization on the endorsement of body dissatisfaction …


Athlete Attachment Style With Coaches As A Predictor Of Athlete Disordered Eating And Body Image Anxiety, Taylor Allen Jan 2022

Athlete Attachment Style With Coaches As A Predictor Of Athlete Disordered Eating And Body Image Anxiety, Taylor Allen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The coach-athlete relationship has been established as an important and significant relationship within athletes’ lives (Davis & Jowett, 2010; Jowett, 2008). There is also literature that demonstrates the impact of the sport culture environment and the quality of the coach-athlete relationship on disordered eating and body image anxiety in athletes (Galli et al., 2011; Petrie & Greenleaf, 2012; Reel et al., 2010; Shanmugam et al., 2013). However, much of the current literature does not examine this significant coach-athlete relationship from an attachment framework. Current literature supports the significance of the coach-athlete relationship and more recent research supports viewing coaches as …


First Responders’ Assumptions: An Exploration Of Emergency Medical Technicians’ Secondary Traumatic Stress And Perceptions Of Substance Users, Glenn Noble Jan 2022

First Responders’ Assumptions: An Exploration Of Emergency Medical Technicians’ Secondary Traumatic Stress And Perceptions Of Substance Users, Glenn Noble

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Emergency medical technicians (EMT) and firefighters respond to critical incidents and provide emergent care. As the opioid crisis continues and drug overdose rates increase, first responders administer first aid to substance users, including Naloxone, more frequently. This study examined the influence of repeated exposure to drug-related critical incidents and provision of care to substance users on EMTs' and firefighters' secondary traumatic stress (STS) level, world assumptions, and substance use stigma. First responders' world assumptions, STS, burnout, and exposure to drug-related overdoses were analyzed for their power in predicting substance use stigma. Results suggest that occupational burnout, rather than STS, is …


A Comparison Of The Risk Of Fracture In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With And Without Receiving Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hou-Hsun Liao, Hanoch Livneh, Yu-Jung Chung, Ching-Hsing Lin, Ning-Sheng Lai, Hung-Rong Yen, Tzung-Yi Tsai Dec 2021

A Comparison Of The Risk Of Fracture In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With And Without Receiving Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hou-Hsun Liao, Hanoch Livneh, Yu-Jung Chung, Ching-Hsing Lin, Ning-Sheng Lai, Hung-Rong Yen, Tzung-Yi Tsai

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often suffer from bone complications due to persistent joint inflammation, especially incident fracture. Nowadays, Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have provided safe and effective therapy for treating skeletal conditions, but it is unclear whether CHMs can prevent fracture onset among RA individuals. This study aimed to determine the association between the use of CHMs and the risk of fracture among them.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based study retrieved administrative health data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) database to identify patients with newly diagnosed RA between 2000 and 2009. Of the 6178 incident …


Tenure Standards, Scholarly Productivity, And Workloads Of Counselor Educators At Doctoral And Master's-Only Counseling Programs, Gregory Hatchett Dec 2021

Tenure Standards, Scholarly Productivity, And Workloads Of Counselor Educators At Doctoral And Master's-Only Counseling Programs, Gregory Hatchett

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This article describes the results of a survey that inquired about the tenure standards, scholarly productivity, and workloads of counselor educators (N = 119) at doctoral-level counselor education programs. These survey results were then compared to the results attained in an earlier study of counselor educators (N = 168) at master’s-only programs at comprehensive universities (Hatchett, 2020). These two groups of counselor educators differed on the following variables: proportion of counselor educators with Ph.D.’s, binary gender, perceptions of tenure criteria, scholarly productivity on an annual basis and at the time of tenure applications, teaching schedules, distribution of work …


Educational Barriers Childhood Cancer Patients And Survivors Experience: Cancer Care Team Perspectives, Karely Mann Dec 2021

Educational Barriers Childhood Cancer Patients And Survivors Experience: Cancer Care Team Perspectives, Karely Mann

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

After a child is diagnosed with cancer their life changes dramatically, including their school attendance and education goals. This study was done to find out common schooling and education problems young cancer patients and survivors face and how cancer care team members try to help.

This study focused on the point of view of the cancer care team members. Cancer care team members include nurses, social workers, oncologists, and many other professionals. All cancer care team members who participated in the study took a survey and many of them also agreed to participate in a short interview.

We found that …


Understanding Player And Clinician Perspectives On The Impact Of Problematic Gaming Behaviors In The United States, Amanda N. Weston Nov 2021

Understanding Player And Clinician Perspectives On The Impact Of Problematic Gaming Behaviors In The United States, Amanda N. Weston

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Due to the evolution of technology and increased use of video games, the need to understand how gaming affects individuals is imperative to assisting with those who struggle with problematic gaming behaviors. Video gaming has shown to have significant benefits including an increase in cognitive abilities, a way to relieve stress, and mood enhancement. However, problematic gaming behaviors (PGB) (i.e., uncontrollable gaming behaviors that impair functioning) may cause significant short and long-term problems that impact gamers throughout the lifespan if left untreated. There are critical gaps in the literature regarding how gaming impacts player functioning and how clinicians are managing …


How Domestic Violence Counselors With Personal Histories Of Trauma Experience Their Clients Who Were Victims Of Domestic Violence: A Heuristic Study, Janis Edralin Nov 2021

How Domestic Violence Counselors With Personal Histories Of Trauma Experience Their Clients Who Were Victims Of Domestic Violence: A Heuristic Study, Janis Edralin

Dissertations

The heuristic inquiry-based phenomenological approach values focusing on a question or problem that has been a personal challenge in one’s quest to understand oneself and the phenomenon. Previous research has shown that counselors with a personal history of trauma who provide services to victims with a similar history report a range of negative consequences. The researcher utilized a heuristic research design to answer the following question: How do domestic violence counselors who have personal histories of trauma experience their clients who were victims of domestic violence? The methodology involved interviewing eight counselors, from whom four themes were identified: awareness of …


Creating Academic-Community Partnerships To Jointly Enhance Advocacy And Research On Violence And Disability: Two Case Examples, Emily M. Lund, Rosemary B. Hughes, Katherine E. Mcdonald, Sandra Marie Leotti, Marsha Katz, Leanne Beers, Christina Nicolaidis Nov 2021

Creating Academic-Community Partnerships To Jointly Enhance Advocacy And Research On Violence And Disability: Two Case Examples, Emily M. Lund, Rosemary B. Hughes, Katherine E. Mcdonald, Sandra Marie Leotti, Marsha Katz, Leanne Beers, Christina Nicolaidis

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: This article describes the use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) to foster bidirectional and equitable academic-community partnerships in two studies related to interpersonal violence and disability. Method: We analyzed our methods and experiences in conducting these studies to focus on the ways in which CBPR methodology was used to jointly promote and enhance research and advocacy surrounding violence and disability in the research processes themselves and the resulting assessment and intervention products. Results: Our use of CBPR methodology allowed us to identify and address critical issues related to violence in the disability community, such as disability-related forms and experiences …


Predicting Students' Spiritual And Religious Competence Based On Supervisor Practices And Institutional Attendance, Andrew P. Secor, Corinne W. Bridges Oct 2021

Predicting Students' Spiritual And Religious Competence Based On Supervisor Practices And Institutional Attendance, Andrew P. Secor, Corinne W. Bridges

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Counseling students report a lack of competence in spiritual and religious integration (SRI). As such, counselor educators and supervisors (CES) and students want to understand how to develop SRI competence. Although past research highlights SRI dialogue in training, there exists no clear understanding about the role of faculty supervisor SRI on perceived student competence. The supervision models used to inform the study included (a) the integrated developmental model, (b) the discrimination model, and (c) the spirituality in supervision model (SACRED). The purpose of this study is to determine if master’s-level graduate counseling student perceptions of faculty supervisor SRI practices predicts …


Bryant University Day Of Understanding, Justice Begins With Us, Office Of Institutional Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Oct 2021

Bryant University Day Of Understanding, Justice Begins With Us, Office Of Institutional Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion

Day of Understanding Programs

No abstract provided.


Crisis Counseling Self- Efficacy: Personal Abilities And Situational Influences, Suzanne Maniss Ph.D., Yuleinys A. Castillo Ph.D., Jason Cartwright, Selma D. Yznaga Ph.D. Oct 2021

Crisis Counseling Self- Efficacy: Personal Abilities And Situational Influences, Suzanne Maniss Ph.D., Yuleinys A. Castillo Ph.D., Jason Cartwright, Selma D. Yznaga Ph.D.

Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice

Crises are unpredictable in nature and affect the general well-being of individuals. A proper crisis management foundation can prepare future counselors to effectively work with clients who are experiencing a crisis. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceptions of counselors-in-training (CIT) in relation to their anticipated crisis intervention abilities. This paper reports the results of qualitative focus groups of counselors in training. Participants reported perceived strengthens and limitations shaping their ability to handle a crisis. Counselor preparation offers opportunities to properly train culturally responsive providers for crisis management.

Key words: Crisis counseling; self-efficacy; counselor education


Crisis Counseling Self- Efficacy: Personal Abilities And Situational Influences, Suzanne Maniss, Yuleinys A. Castillo, Jason Cartwright, Selma D. Yznaga Oct 2021

Crisis Counseling Self- Efficacy: Personal Abilities And Situational Influences, Suzanne Maniss, Yuleinys A. Castillo, Jason Cartwright, Selma D. Yznaga

Counseling Faculty Publications

Crises are unpredictable in nature and affect the general well-being of individuals. A proper crisis management foundation can prepare future counselors to effectively work with clients who are experiencing a crisis. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceptions of counselors-in-training (CIT) in relation to their anticipated crisis intervention abilities. This paper reports the results of qualitative focus groups of counselors in training. Participants reported perceived strengthens and limitations shaping their ability to handle a crisis. Counselor preparation offers opportunities to properly train culturally responsive providers for crisis management.


Adding Pay-For-Performance Program To Routine Care Was Related To A Lower Risk Of Depression Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients In Taiwan, Wei-Cheng Lian, Hanoch Livneh, Hui-Ju Huang, Ming-Chi Lu, How-Ran Guo, Tzung-Yi Tsai Oct 2021

Adding Pay-For-Performance Program To Routine Care Was Related To A Lower Risk Of Depression Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients In Taiwan, Wei-Cheng Lian, Hanoch Livneh, Hui-Ju Huang, Ming-Chi Lu, How-Ran Guo, Tzung-Yi Tsai

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) often experience depression during treatment, negatively influencing their treatment compliance and clinical outcomes. Recently, the pay-for-performance (P4P) program for chronic diseases, with high-cost and high-risk feature, such as T2DM, has been implemented and has been operational for several years. Nevertheless, its effect on the risk of developing depression among T2DM cases is unknown. This study aims to explore the association of P4P use with the subsequent risk of developing depression among these patients.

Methods: This cohort study used a nationwide health insurance database to identify patients 20–70 years of age newly diagnosed with …


Helping Beginning Supervisors Reduce Barriers To Licensure: Ethical Roadblocks In Supervision, Sarah M. Blalock, Kathy Ybanez-Llorente, Molly K. Morman Sep 2021

Helping Beginning Supervisors Reduce Barriers To Licensure: Ethical Roadblocks In Supervision, Sarah M. Blalock, Kathy Ybanez-Llorente, Molly K. Morman

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Ethical and competent supervision are critical to successful entry into the profession for counselors in training and newly licensed counselors. New supervisors should be mindful of the mistakes even well-intentioned supervisors can make that jeopardize the licensure process, or worse, the well-being of clients. Lack of attention to substantial supervision paperwork requirements can cost supervisees long delays in licensure, and call into question a supervisor’s reputation as a competent and ethical professional. The purpose of this article is to help inform beginning supervisors on how to use ethical guidelines to avoid some of the most common supervision pitfalls, including multiple …


Program Experiences Associated With Research Competencies Development Of Doctoral-Level Scholar-Practitioners In Counselor Education And Supervision Programs, Amanda Rockinson-Szapkiw, John J. S. Harrichand Sep 2021

Program Experiences Associated With Research Competencies Development Of Doctoral-Level Scholar-Practitioners In Counselor Education And Supervision Programs, Amanda Rockinson-Szapkiw, John J. S. Harrichand

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study examined how the program experiences of Counselor Education and Supervision doctoral students were associated with their research competency development as scholar-practitioners. Three hundred and thirty doctoral students completed a survey and data were analyzed with a regression analysis. The results demonstrated that program experiences including faculty-mentored research experiences, field-based experience with research application, opportunities to disseminate research, reflecting on identity development, and being in the dissertation phase were significantly associated students’ development as scholars. These findings provide implications for program curriculum and intervention development.


Is Teaching Skills For Independent Living To Disabled Adults Associated With Change In Self-Determination?, Craig Ravesloot Ph.D., Tannis Mardece Hargrove, Tracy Boehm Barrett, Krys Standley, Mary Willard, University Of Montana Rural Institute Sep 2021

Is Teaching Skills For Independent Living To Disabled Adults Associated With Change In Self-Determination?, Craig Ravesloot Ph.D., Tannis Mardece Hargrove, Tracy Boehm Barrett, Krys Standley, Mary Willard, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Independent Living and Community Participation

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of teaching people with disabilities independent living skills on the basic human needs specified in Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Nine Centers for Independent Living (CILs) recruited 160 disabled adults with disabilities to participate in weekly group sessions to go through the Community Living Skills curriculum (CLS). The CLS curriculum includes 10 sessions that cover basic independent living skills. Groups of participants met weekly to go through the curriculum with a CIL staff member trained in workshop facilitation. We used the Basic Needs Satisfaction General Scale (Gagne, 2003) to …


The Effect Of A Narrative Intervention On The Production Of Complex Utterances By Children At-Risk For Language Disorders, Rebekah Wada Aug 2021

The Effect Of A Narrative Intervention On The Production Of Complex Utterances By Children At-Risk For Language Disorders, Rebekah Wada

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The ability to produce complex sentences with a variety of complex clauses is essential for children’s academic success in topics such as science and language arts. Previous research suggests that improving children’s ability to create narratives (stories) results in increased use of sentences with multiple clauses. This study examined the effect of the Supporting Knowledge in Language and Literacy (SKILL) narrative intervention on participant’s use of complex sentences. Participants were 120 monolingual English speakers between the ages of 8;0 and 10;11 who participated in a larger randomized control trial. Participants were randomly assigned to the treatment group or the control …


Spring 2021 Full Issue, Journal Of Counseling Sexology & Sexual Wellness: Research Education, And Practice Jcssw Jul 2021

Spring 2021 Full Issue, Journal Of Counseling Sexology & Sexual Wellness: Research Education, And Practice Jcssw

Journal of Counseling Sexology & Sexual Wellness: Research, Practice, and Education

No abstract provided.


Sex Is Not A Four-Letter Word: Sexuality Counseling Training For School Counselors, Wynn N. Dupkoski, Viki Kelchner, Amber S. Haley Jul 2021

Sex Is Not A Four-Letter Word: Sexuality Counseling Training For School Counselors, Wynn N. Dupkoski, Viki Kelchner, Amber S. Haley

Journal of Counseling Sexology & Sexual Wellness: Research, Practice, and Education

Although sexuality counseling training is not a requirement for Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) accredited Counselor Education programs or for licensure in most states as a professional counselor, there is increasing dialogue taking place among professional counselors regarding the need for additional training in this area. The current article highlights techniques for incorporating and enhancing sexuality counseling training in Counselor Education programs based on the eight CACREP core competencies. After a review of the relevance of sexuality counseling within each area, with attention given to implications for school counselors.


Sort And Sift, Think And Shift: Let The Data Be Your Guide An Applied Approach To Working With, Learning From, And Privileging Qualitative Data, Raymond Maietta, Paul Mihas, Kevin Swartout, Jeff Petruzzelli, Alison B. Hamilton Jun 2021

Sort And Sift, Think And Shift: Let The Data Be Your Guide An Applied Approach To Working With, Learning From, And Privileging Qualitative Data, Raymond Maietta, Paul Mihas, Kevin Swartout, Jeff Petruzzelli, Alison B. Hamilton

The Qualitative Report

The Sort and Sift, Think and Shift qualitative data analysis approach is an iterative process where analysts dive into data to understand its content, dimensions, and properties, and then step back to assess what they have learned and to determine next steps. Researchers move from establishing an understanding of what is in the data (“Diving In”) to exploring their relationship to the data (“Stepping Back”). This process of “Diving In” and “Stepping Back” is repeated throughout analysis. To conclude, researchers arrive at an evidence-based meeting point that is a hybrid story of data content and researcher knowledge. To illustrate core …


Fun With Overlap Analysis: Or How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Enjoy Wms Analytics!, Janice Schuster Jun 2021

Fun With Overlap Analysis: Or How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Enjoy Wms Analytics!, Janice Schuster

Library Faculty and Staff papers

I explained and demonstrated the process I came up with to use OCLC WMS to do an overlap analysis of the online journal titles that we subscribe to directly through EBSCO, i.e. our paid subscriptions, and the access we have to those titles through our databases, in order to identify subscribed titles that we could potentially cancel. This is timely since the EBSCO renewal process starts in early June.


The Unintentional Cost Of A Free Public Sex Offender Registry, Rebekah E. Leavitt Jun 2021

The Unintentional Cost Of A Free Public Sex Offender Registry, Rebekah E. Leavitt

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

This literature review analyzes the efficacy of modern legislation guiding public access to sex offender registries and draws on research utilizing surveys, interviews, and statistical observations of convicted sex offenders to determine sources of ineffective practices at the legislative level. By utilizing Braithwaite’s reintegrative shaming theory (1989), in which stigmatizing shame is significantly less efficient in criminal contexts, current legislation and its impact on common issues experienced by sex offenders (including sexually addictive behaviors and childhood sexual abuse) are examined. The discerned prevalence of stigmatizing shame in modern legislation, which focuses on the individual rather than the undesirable behavior, indicates …


Making Room: Addressing The Counter-Therapeutic Nature Of Psychiatric Hospitalization Through Containment- Based Group Expressive Therapy, Max Sandor Copans May 2021

Making Room: Addressing The Counter-Therapeutic Nature Of Psychiatric Hospitalization Through Containment- Based Group Expressive Therapy, Max Sandor Copans

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

The process of hospitalization and the environment of a typical psychiatric hospital is often counter-therapeutic. To challenge this problem, clinicians may introduce the concept of psychological containment. To elaborate, being hospitalized anywhere can be disorienting, frightening and even traumatic. This problem is only further exacerbated in psychiatric hospitals where patients may be disorganized, manic, or struggling with psychosis. Furthermore, psychological containment is essentially the ability for psychiatric patients to prevent their intense emotions from effecting others negatively, and to act with resiliency when other patients are unable to contain their own disruptive behaviors. This paper utilizes both an initial literature …


Supply And Demand Of Health Care Professionals In West Virginia, Christiadi, Eric Bowen, John Deskins May 2021

Supply And Demand Of Health Care Professionals In West Virginia, Christiadi, Eric Bowen, John Deskins

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

This study examines the supply and demand of health care workers at the state-level using a specific subset of the data that can help explain the supply-demand condition of jobs in the health care industry.


Technology And Pleasure: A Qualitative Study On Using Mobile Applications For Online And Offline Sexual Purposes, Gabriella Locke May 2021

Technology And Pleasure: A Qualitative Study On Using Mobile Applications For Online And Offline Sexual Purposes, Gabriella Locke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The internet has long been considered an accessible, anonymous, and affordable platform for sexuality and the emergence of smartphone applications has made facilitating online and offline sexual behaviors even easier for young adults. Despite the increase, there continues to be a lack of detailed research on the experiences of young adults who use these types of applications. This qualitative study explored how young adults use mobile applications to engage in online and offline sexual behaviors and the motivations and perceived benefits and risks of such behavior. This study, analyzed using inductive thematic analysis, completed eight semi-structed interviews with individuals between …


The Cases They Carry : A Narrative Analysis Of Crisis Counselors Working In Behavioral Health Emergency Settings, Rachel E. Sugerman May 2021

The Cases They Carry : A Narrative Analysis Of Crisis Counselors Working In Behavioral Health Emergency Settings, Rachel E. Sugerman

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Utilizing a qualitative approach informed by narrative inquiry, this study considered the ways in which eight crisis counselors working in behavioral health emergency settings make meaning of their experiences. Participant narratives focused on the intense, multidimensional, and often emotionally demanding nature of crisis work, something they understood to be inherent to working within these settings. The findings revealed that these crisis counselors often felt isolated, unsupported, and unprepared for their positions, leaving them to negotiate the demands of the work and to make meaning of their experiences on their own. Participants developed various methods of coping, yet these techniques were …