Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (1178)
- Education (1176)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (755)
- Rehabilitation and Therapy (471)
- Higher Education (344)
-
- Psychology (343)
- Vocational Rehabilitation Counseling (299)
- Special Education and Teaching (287)
- Counseling (268)
- Sociology (179)
- Law (171)
- Counselor Education (168)
- Arts and Humanities (137)
- Social Work (133)
- Communication (121)
- Counseling Psychology (121)
- Disability Studies (113)
- Educational Leadership (111)
- Disability and Equity in Education (106)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (105)
- Business (102)
- Mental and Social Health (94)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (80)
- Medical Education (73)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (69)
- Higher Education Administration (68)
- Occupational Therapy (68)
- Curriculum and Instruction (67)
- Mass Communication (67)
- Public Health (56)
- Institution
-
- Gallaudet University (395)
- Utah State University (391)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (361)
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (252)
- Wright State University (227)
-
- California State University, San Bernardino (209)
- Southern Illinois University Carbondale (200)
- Nova Southeastern University (171)
- West Virginia University (168)
- Bowling Green State University (163)
- Walden University (151)
- Western Michigan University (135)
- University of Kentucky (129)
- University of South Florida (119)
- University of North Florida (106)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (103)
- LSU Health New Orleans (82)
- Kutztown University (76)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (65)
- Portland State University (61)
- Northern Illinois University (53)
- Des Moines Area Community College (52)
- University of Texas at El Paso (45)
- Marshall University (38)
- University of North Dakota (38)
- Harding University (36)
- University of Montana (35)
- University of South Carolina (34)
- Old Dominion University (30)
- University of Memphis (29)
- Keyword
-
- Deaf News (300)
- DeafDigest (294)
- Minutes (169)
- Bulletin (142)
- Catalog (135)
-
- Virginia Commonwealth University (114)
- Disability (107)
- Counseling (102)
- Employment (97)
- Bowling Green State University (94)
- Wright State University (92)
- Faculty (91)
- None (89)
- Education (85)
- Meetings (82)
- Wright State University. Board of Trustees (82)
- Staff (79)
- USU (79)
- Counselor Education (75)
- Agenda (72)
- ThinkWork (69)
- Students (65)
- Newspaper (60)
- Statistics (59)
- Developmental Disabilities (58)
- Universities and colleges--Faculty (58)
- Rehabilitation (57)
- College student newspapers and periodicals (56)
- Commencement ceremonies (54)
- Counselor education (54)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD) (160)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (138)
- JADARA (131)
- Theses and Dissertations (126)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023 (111)
-
- Educational Policies Committee (111)
- VCU Bulletins (107)
- Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education (104)
- Board of Trustees Minutes (82)
- Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision (75)
- Research Papers (69)
- ThinkWork! Publications (66)
- Dissertations (62)
- Commencement Programs (61)
- School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications (58)
- Graduation & Commencement Programs (50)
- USF Graduation and Convocation Programs (50)
- SIU Bulletins and Course Catalogs Archives (48)
- VCU Today, 1972-1988 (47)
- Commencement Printed Materials (45)
- Commonwealth Times, 1969- (40)
- CSUSB Commencement Programs (39)
- CSUSB Course Catalog (39)
- Counseling Faculty Publications (38)
- Theses Digitization Project (38)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present (36)
- BG News (Student Newspaper) (36)
- Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations (36)
- Student Handbooks (35)
- Harding Academic Catalogs (33)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 271 - 300 of 5449
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Curriculum Subcommittee Agenda October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Curriculum Subcommittee Agenda October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Educational Policies Committee
- Approval of Minutes
- Program Proposals
- Semester Course Approval Reviews
- Other Business - Registrar's Summit Topics, Graduate School
- Adjourn: 3:00 pm
Educational Policies Committee Minutes October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Educational Policies Committee Minutes October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Educational Policies Committee
• Approval of Minutes – September 5, 2024
• Subcommittee Reports – Curriculum Subcommittee, Academic Standards Subcommittee, General Education Subcommittee
• Other Business
• Adjourn: 3:30 pm
The Effectiveness Of Massage Gun Treatment Combined With Passive Stretching In Reducing Non-Specific Lower Back Pain, Yudik Prasetyo, Sabda Husain As Shafi, Fatkhurahman Arjuna, Atikah Rahayu, Mohd Izwan Bin Shahril, Mohad Anizu Mohd Nor, Edwin Onyango Otieno
The Effectiveness Of Massage Gun Treatment Combined With Passive Stretching In Reducing Non-Specific Lower Back Pain, Yudik Prasetyo, Sabda Husain As Shafi, Fatkhurahman Arjuna, Atikah Rahayu, Mohd Izwan Bin Shahril, Mohad Anizu Mohd Nor, Edwin Onyango Otieno
Jurnal Keolahragaan
Non-specific lower back pain is a common condition characterized by strain, muscle spasms, or weakness of the paraspinal muscles, particularly the multifidus muscle, which affects adjacent musculature such as the gluteus, hamstrings, and quadriceps. This study aimed to investigate whether massage gun treatment combined with passive stretching could reduce non-specific low back pain in patients experiencing subacute and chronic phases of this condition. This pseudo-experimental research employed a one-group pretest-posttest design with three treatments. Participants were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria: suffering from non-specific low back pain, willingness to participate, and age between 20 and 65 years. …
Letter From The Editor, Damara Goff Paris
Letter From The Editor, Damara Goff Paris
JADARA
Overview of the status of the JADARA issue and introduction of the Associate Editor.
Curriculum Subcommittee Agenda October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Curriculum Subcommittee Agenda October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Educational Policies Committee
- Approval of Minutes - September 5, 2024
- Program Proposals
- Semester Course Approval Reviews
- College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences
- Caine College of the Arts
- Jon M. Huntsman School of Business
- Emma Eccles Jones College of Education and Human Services
- College of Engineering
- College of Humanities and Social Sciences
- S.J. & Jessie E. Quinney College of Natural Resources
- College of Science
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Other
- Other Business
- Adjourn: 3:00 pm
Educational Policies Committee Agenda October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Educational Policies Committee Agenda October 3, 2024, Utah State University
Educational Policies Committee
- Approval of Minutes – September 5, 2024
- Subcommittee Reports –
- Curriculum Subcommittee,
- Academic Standards Subcommittee,
- General Education Subcommittee
- Other Business
- Adjourn: 4:00 pm
Providing End-Of-Life Counseling: A Narrative Inquiry, Carol Hecht, Sibyl West
Providing End-Of-Life Counseling: A Narrative Inquiry, Carol Hecht, Sibyl West
Adultspan Journal
This qualitative study aimed to address the gap in the research related to end-of-life counseling by exploring the experiences of counselors working with clients at end of life. While counseling literature and education are lacking regarding end of life, many counselors will work alongside clients approaching death. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to better understand the nuanced experiences of counselors providing end-of-life counseling and (b) to explore the supports and preparations helpful for counselors to provide end-of-life counseling. A narrative approach, using the Listening Guide (Gilligan, 2015), was employed to analyze and present the stories of three …
The Effectiveness Of An Anxiety Intervention On Decreasing State And Trait Anxiety Among University Students, Lea D. Hart
The Effectiveness Of An Anxiety Intervention On Decreasing State And Trait Anxiety Among University Students, Lea D. Hart
Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)
Anxiety is the most common rising public health concern for college students (Center for Collegiate Mental Health, 2023; Haikalis et al., 2022). In 2022–2023, 65% of college students seeking counseling noted anxiety as their primary concern, rising 10% in the last 10 years (Center for Collegiate Mental Health, 2023). As a result, higher education institutions are seeking proactive solutions that are efficacious, evidence-based, and proactive for non-clinical university populations to reduce rising rates of anxiety. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore if a population-based intervention could reduce state and trait anxiety immediately and over time. The results …
Faculty Senate Minutes 2024-09-10, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley. Faculty Senate.
Faculty Senate Minutes 2024-09-10, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley. Faculty Senate.
Faculty Senate Minutes
No abstract provided.
Ce 633 Syllabus: Ethical Practice & Social Change, Rieko Miyakuni
Ce 633 Syllabus: Ethical Practice & Social Change, Rieko Miyakuni
Counselor Education Syllabi
This course introduces students to the legal, professional and ethical issues that affect the practice of counseling and psychotherapy and the methods and ethical basis for counselors to be agents of social change. Students will become familiar with law and ethical codes related to the counseling profession. A model for ethical decision-making will be presented. Also, students will be presented with models for social change in their function as leaders, change agents, collaborators, and risk takers. Providing outreach and advocacy services in the school and community settings, students will expand their role as counselors to include the social contexts of …
Access To Audiology Care In Rural And Urban Communities: A Methodology Paper, Molly Whitcomb, Antony Joseph
Access To Audiology Care In Rural And Urban Communities: A Methodology Paper, Molly Whitcomb, Antony Joseph
AuD Capstone Projects - Communication Sciences and Disorders
The ability of those affected by hearing loss to access audiology care is imperative as the effects of unmanaged hearing loss are deleterious, and the prevalence is high. Despite the abundance of individuals affected by hearing loss and the implications of the condition when untreated, barriers to access to care remain primarily unresolved, affecting groups disproportionately. These barriers include knowing when a hearing problem warrants intervention, transportation, geographical barriers, a lack of hearing health care providers, affordability, and insurance coverage. Rural and urban communities are each predisposed to a unique set of social determinants of health, which affect their ability …
Key Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction Among Academic Staff In The University, Victor Amadi Stephen
Key Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction Among Academic Staff In The University, Victor Amadi Stephen
School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications
Job satisfaction (JS) undoubtedly impacts significantly on the productive capacity and general well-being of academic staff within universities. Poor JS affects not only individual performance but also broader institutional goals and may culminate in a decline in staff morale, disloyalty, constant labor migration and unending industrial actions by labor unions within the university. Enhancing job satisfaction can improve staff’s quality of service, staff retention, productivity, and the overall academic quality of the institutions. This study reviews factors associated with job satisfaction among academic staff in universities, and how these factors independently contribute to overall job satisfaction. This study draws on …
School Counselor Capacity Building: A Literature Review, Yulizar Yulizar, Ahman Ahman, Juntika Nurihsan, Ipah Saripah
School Counselor Capacity Building: A Literature Review, Yulizar Yulizar, Ahman Ahman, Juntika Nurihsan, Ipah Saripah
Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling
Capacity describes the human ability to perform, maintain itself, and self-renew. The concept of capacity building is concerned with three distinct levels: the individual, the organizational, and the community level. The literature on capacity building for school counselors is quite diverse. Accordingly, a comprehensive review of the emerging literature is required. This study conducted a systematic literature review exploring the current state of knowledge regarding the capacity building of school counselors. This study was conducted in accordance with the Standard Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P), which guided the selection of 30 articles that met the …
Speech-Language Pathologists’ Perceptions Of A Clinical Doctorate In Speech-Language Pathology: A Phenomenological Study, Dawn Mckee
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perspectives of speech-language pathologists regarding a clinical doctorate as a potential entry-level degree for practicing speech-language pathologists. The central research question sought to determine the overall attitudes of speech-language pathologists about a clinical doctorate. The theories guiding this study were social constructionism and experiential learning theory, as this study attempted to construct the perceived reality of practicing speech-language pathologists regarding clinical doctorates and involved their educational and work experiences. The methodology utilized was transcendental phenomenology and included three data collection approaches: interviews, letter-writing, and focus groups. The data were analyzed …
The Rider (2024-08-26), Natalie Lapsley
An Occupational Therapy Perspective Of Post Secondary Transitions For High School Students: Considering Socioeconomics And Opportunities, Aubrie Howell, Mary Greer, Kelley Spell-Hernandez
An Occupational Therapy Perspective Of Post Secondary Transitions For High School Students: Considering Socioeconomics And Opportunities, Aubrie Howell, Mary Greer, Kelley Spell-Hernandez
Summer 2024 OTD Capstone Symposium
In most cases, an occupational therapist’s role in a post-secondary transition includes improving adolescents with disabilities’ functional preparedness to transition from a special education setting, into adult-based roles. Much of this work is explained by the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA), and only encompasses occupational therapy’s role in post-secondary transitions for adolescents with a diagnosed disability. Unfortunately, these resources, programs, and services are not available to adolescents who do not have a disability. This barrier of not providing similar services or programs to adolescents without a disability creates a lack of opportunity for these individuals to explore possible career paths. …
Wellness Interventions For College Students With Intellectual Or Developmental Disability: A Multi-Manuscript Dissertation, Madeline Bree Saunders
Wellness Interventions For College Students With Intellectual Or Developmental Disability: A Multi-Manuscript Dissertation, Madeline Bree Saunders
Theses and Dissertations
This multi-manuscript dissertation comprises two interconnected articles that collectively explore the experiences of college students with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) engaging in wellness interventions within inclusive postsecondary education (IPSE) settings in the southeastern region of the United States. Wellness interventions within both manuscripts adhere to procedures outlined by the Wellness Counseling Intervention (WCI; Barrio Minton et al., n.d.) and group adaptation (WCI-G; Ohrt & Castle, n.d.). Manuscript 1 (Chapter 3) involves a mixed-method approach to understand the experiences six student participants, group members, engaging in the WCI-G across a total of 10-weeks. Manuscript 2 (Chapter 4) adheres to consensual …
Racial Identity Development And Imposter Phenomenon As Predictors Of Counselor Self-Efficacy, Erica D. Wade-Ball, Dana T. Isawi, Teresa A. Fisher
Racial Identity Development And Imposter Phenomenon As Predictors Of Counselor Self-Efficacy, Erica D. Wade-Ball, Dana T. Isawi, Teresa A. Fisher
Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision
The authors utilized a correlational research design to examine the role of racial identity development and impostor phenomenon in predicting counselor self-efficacy among counselors-in-training of color. Racial identity development significantly predicts counselor self-efficacy, and imposter phenomenon is correlated with counselor self-efficacy. Based on the findings, the authors provide implications and recommendations for counselor educators and supervisors.
S.M.A.R.T.E.R. Self-Care For Counselors, Nicole Marie Arcuri Sanders, Jenny Kim
S.M.A.R.T.E.R. Self-Care For Counselors, Nicole Marie Arcuri Sanders, Jenny Kim
Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision
Practicing self-care activities is essential to helping professions stave off and combat burnout and vicarious trauma. Mental health counselors and counselor educators and supervisors (CESs) need specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and timely (S. M. A. R. T.) self-care activities to best meet the demands of this highly relational field. This article will assist CESs in supporting the personal development of S. M. A. R. T. self-care goals for their students and supervisees’ evolving professional identity with the addition to evaluate (E) and review (R) identified self-care efforts. CESs are supported with gatekeeping relevance and examining student and supervisee self-care plans …
An Exploratory Multiple Case Study Of Special Education Transition Program Structures In Virtual Public Charter Schools, Krystle Merry
An Exploratory Multiple Case Study Of Special Education Transition Program Structures In Virtual Public Charter Schools, Krystle Merry
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation research is an exploratory multiple-case study of special education transition program structures in three virtual public charter schools in a southern state in the United States. Virtual public charter schools are extensions of public school systems or districts that are required to comply with state and federal-mandated special education transition services to ensure students with disabilities receive a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA, 2004). This study aims to explore transition Program Structures within the Taxonomy for Transition Programming 2.0 (Kohler et al., 2016) at the systemic level based on the …
‘Catching Zzz’S And Feelings’: A Study Examining The Link Between Sleep And Emotional Intimacy Among Sexual Assault Survivors, Anna Marie Thi Thanh Nguyen
‘Catching Zzz’S And Feelings’: A Study Examining The Link Between Sleep And Emotional Intimacy Among Sexual Assault Survivors, Anna Marie Thi Thanh Nguyen
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The impact of sexual assault can be significant, including an increased likelihood of subsequent negative psychological and physical outcomes, even compared to other trauma types. Further studies indicate that individuals who have experienced sexual assault are more likely to struggle with interpersonal relationships. Sleep is a transdiagnostic process and disrupted sleep is a prominent feature of post-trauma related symptoms. Sleep is also implicated in social cognitive processes that are used to establish emotional intimacy in interpersonal relationships. The goal of the current study is therefore to examine the relations among sexual assault exposure, sleep, and emotional intimacy. A two-part study …
Take A Seat: The Impact Of Three Classroom Seating Arrangements On Individual Student Performance, Mikayla Camacho
Take A Seat: The Impact Of Three Classroom Seating Arrangements On Individual Student Performance, Mikayla Camacho
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
This study tested three common classroom seating arrangements: rows and columns, groups, and semicircle. It tested various seating arrangements to determine which one works best for young students who struggle with staying on task and tend to be disruptive. Researchers also studied if students did their work correctly and finished on time and what both students and teachers thought about the seating arrangements. Four students were observed in the different seating arrangements, and 10 students and one teacher were asked to answer questions about the different types of seating arrangements. The students' focus and behavior improved with semicircle seating; whereas, …
Breaking Barriers: Factors Contributing To Successful Employment Outcomes For Black Males With Mental Health Diagnosis And Undergoing Vocational Rehabilitation, John C. Williams
Breaking Barriers: Factors Contributing To Successful Employment Outcomes For Black Males With Mental Health Diagnosis And Undergoing Vocational Rehabilitation, John C. Williams
Theses and Dissertations
Black males with mental health diagnoses face substantial barriers to gaining and maintaining employment. Tailored employment support services may help increase employment access, yet utilization remains low among this demographic area. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study is to explore the employment challenges for Black males with mental health diagnoses in the US. This quantitative study will utilize a data mining approach drawing from an ex post facto national rehabilitation services dataset. Archival data will be extracted from the Rehabilitation Service Administration 911 (RSA-911) database. Descriptive statistics will first profile the extracted sample of vocational rehabilitation clients on demographic variables. …
Navigating The Storm: Addressing Youth Mental Health In New York State Public High Schools, Sheila Mashack
Navigating The Storm: Addressing Youth Mental Health In New York State Public High Schools, Sheila Mashack
Education Doctoral
The United States is experiencing a mental health crisis among its youth. This crisis is, characterized by rising suicide rates, persistent sadness, and increased psychiatric visits. Comorbid conditions further complicate this crisis. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, this study explores challenges faced by high school counselors and social workers. According to Bitsko et al. (2022), 88% of schools lack confidence in their capacity to provide sufficient mental health services. Key findings highlight substantial gaps in mental health service delivery, including overwhelming caseloads and insufficient resources, which impede the effectiveness of interventions.
The study recommends increasing staff diversity, ensuring equitable resource …
Quality Of Life Domains For Students Living With A Severe Disability And Their Families, Eden Withers
Quality Of Life Domains For Students Living With A Severe Disability And Their Families, Eden Withers
All Graduate Reports and Creative Projects, Fall 2023 to Present
Background and Purpose
From the latter half of the 20th century to now, the United States has dramatically focused its efforts on increasing life longevity and quality of life for people with disabilities, including people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Federal legislation has taken steps to increase quality of life for people with IDD. Quality of life can be assessed through a variety of questionnaires, including the familial perspective of quality of life. Although quality of life can be assessed and it is supported by federal legislation, people with IDD broadly have yet to experience an enviable quality of …
The Effects Of The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services Non-Indicated Intervention On Improving Documentation Notes, Leigha Thorum
The Effects Of The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services Non-Indicated Intervention On Improving Documentation Notes, Leigha Thorum
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Human Services (PDC-HS) is an assessment used in human service settings to determine effective interventions to improve employee performance. In this study, we used the PDC-HS assessment to help find a type of training that would best improve the quality of session note documentation completed by RBTs® in an autism clinical setting. The participating RBTs® all showed an increase in documentation quality during the non-indicated intervention phase. The results suggest that the PDC-HS non-indicated intervention was effective in improving RBT® performance in completing session note documentation and further research should be conducted to study the impact of …
Reactivity On Student On-Task Behavior: An Analysis Of On-Task Operational Definitions And Observer Presence On Student Behavior, Daria G. Fuell
Reactivity On Student On-Task Behavior: An Analysis Of On-Task Operational Definitions And Observer Presence On Student Behavior, Daria G. Fuell
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
This study examines student engagement during academic tasks, specifically investigating how the presence and type of observer affect student performance. The objective was to understand the influence of different observer conditions—no observer, an observer behind an observation window, a researcher in the session room, and a caregiver in the session room—on student behavior. Using a multi-element design, the study assessed three measures: active on-task behavior, passive on-task behavior, and academic work completion. The literature review identified a lack of recent research on how students respond to adult observers during academic tasks and highlighted the variability in definitions of engagement. To …
Applying Implementation Supports To Professional Development To Improve Implementation Of The Caught Being Good Game, Dylan Zimmerman
Applying Implementation Supports To Professional Development To Improve Implementation Of The Caught Being Good Game, Dylan Zimmerman
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
Disruptive behavior in the classroom can cause challenges for both teachers and students, creating high levels of teacher stress and preventing students from accessing academic instruction. Training on evidence-based classroom management is often resource-intensive and has inconsistent impact on teacher behavior in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of professional development on paraprofessionals' treatment fidelity of the Caught Being Good Game. We used a multiple baseline design to provide a tiered model of professional development to provide the least intensive level necessary to support implementation. Results indicate that all four teachers successfully implemented most …
Predicting Individual Hiking Trail Intensity Using Statistical Learning, Kelci Hannan
Predicting Individual Hiking Trail Intensity Using Statistical Learning, Kelci Hannan
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
Hiking is an increasingly popular choice for people wanting to engage in recreation and physical activity. It not only offers the many benefits of exercise but also the opportunity to explore nature and to socialize. To ensure that new hikers are prepared to hike and remain safe while on the trail, knowledge of a hiking trail's difficulty is important. Trail difficulty information is sometimes available at the trailhead if the trail is well-trafficked and maintained but is nearly always available online or through a hiking-specific mobile application, such as AllTrails. Both trailhead and online sources provide only one difficulty rating …
Evaluating Social Interactions As A Byproduct Of The Good Behavior Game Within An Elementary Small Group Classroom, Emma Walton
Evaluating Social Interactions As A Byproduct Of The Good Behavior Game Within An Elementary Small Group Classroom, Emma Walton
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
Children with Autism exhibit significantly fewer social interaction behaviors than their neurotypical peers. Much of the research around this deficit focuses on early intervention, and specialty services such as ABA intervention. The Good Behavior Game is an interdependent group contingency that has been shown to improve academic, social and appropriate behaviors in a variety of settings. This study explored the effects of the GBG on the social interactions of elementary students within special education without specifically targeting social interactions with peers through the game's rules. This study found negative (null) results, indicating that the GBG did not affect the social …