Digital Commons Network^™

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Acuity Of Presentation Among Children With Newly Diagnosed Acute Leukemia, Lena E Winestone, Kelly D Getz, Yimei Li, Evanette Burrows, Michael E Scheurer, Vicky Tam, M Monica Gramatges, Jennifer J Wilkes, Tamara P Miller, Alix E Seif, Karen R Rabin, Brian T Fisher, Richard Aplenc

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

We evaluated disparities in disease burden, organ dysfunction, vital signs, and timing of therapy in children newly presenting with acute leukemia. Among 899 patients with acute leukemia diagnosed at two large children's hospitals, a priori lab-based definitions of high disease burden, infection risk, renal dysfunction, and coagulopathy were applied to electronic health record data. Black patients with acute myeloid leukemia had increased prevalence of elevated white blood cell count and uric acid; Black patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia demonstrated increased prevalence of coagulopathy. Black patients' presentation more frequently included multiple lab abnormalities consistent with advanced physiologic dysfunction. No differences were …

A Bioarchaeological Overview Of The Late Woodland Period Gooden Mound Group, Fulton County, Illinois, Aaron M. Durchholz

Theses and Dissertations

Extensive research in paleopathology has documented adverse effects accompanying a shift in subsistence strategy from largely nomadic, hunting and gathering lifestyles to those of more sedentary, agrarian systems. Comparative assessment of the human skeletal remains of early foragers and later farmers recovered from archaeological sites around the world have consistently demonstrated a decrease in average age at death in the latter.

Across the pre-Columbian North American Midwest, the transitional period between the Late Woodland and Mississippian periods, sometimes referred to as the terminal or Mississippian Acculturated Late Woodland, portended establishment of semi-permanent to permanent hamlets, increasingly reliant upon the adoption …

Descriptive Report On Dietary Remains From Aztec And Salmon Ruins Coprolites, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

This report focuses only on dietary results from the Aztec Ruins and Salmon Ruins coprolites. The parasitological analysis was completed in 2018 and was the focus of several papers that were summarized by Camacho and Reinhard (2020). This did not include DNA analysis. The coprolites from these sites are not appropriate sources of DNA testing.

The main conclusion of the analysis are:

1) Two very distinct plant spectra are represented in Aztec Ruins West (ARW) room 219 and room 225.

2) The three contexts of ARW room 219 show interesting variation in food selection, however these are small samples.

3) …

Measuring Changes In Pork Demand, Welfare Effects, And The Role Of Information Sources In The Event Of An African Swine Fever Outbreak In The United States, Pratyoosh Kashyap, Jordan F. Suter, Sophie C. Mckee

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

African swine fever (ASF) has never been detected in the United States, but the current global outbreak threatens to change that. Although ASF poses no known risk to human health and is not a food safety concern, little is known about the response in U.S. consumer demand in case of an outbreak. We use an online survey experiment, following the one-and-one-half-bound dichotomous choice contingent valuation approach to estimate changes in consumers’ willingness to pay for pork in case of an ASF outbreak. Using these estimates, we find that demand for unprocessed pork (processed pork) products in the U.S. is predicted …

Understanding The Dynamics Of Food And Economic Development In The Community Of Kakisa, Northwest Territories, Canada, Laura Rodriguez Reyes

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

For Indigenous Peoples, the land embodies a source of cultural and spiritual well-being that is linked to their way of life and identities through divine and traditional connections. Unfortunately, colonial powers, the global food system, socioeconomic inequalities and environmental degradation are impacting northern Indigenous lands and food systems, leading to food insecurity. Nevertheless, communities are still thriving in the face of adversity. In the Northwest Territories, on the lands of Ka’a’gee Tu First Nations (KTFN) in the community settlement of Kakisa, people are growing food through vegetable gardens and greenhouses to support their vision of a resilient food system.

Through …

Body-Map Storytelling: A Qualitative Exploration Of The Lived Experiences Of Hospital Care Amongst Street Involved Youth, Chelsey Fedchenko

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This social work study explores the experiences of hospital care amongst street-involved (SI) youth. Given that SI youth are at a higher risk for health-related harms and experience significant barriers to health care services, they are at an increased likelihood of hospitalization. Yet, inadequate health care support for SI youth remains a critical problem in Canada. While hospital care amongst adult homeless populations has been well studied interdisciplinary, there is a scarcity of research investigating the hospital care experiences amongst SI youth. The aim of this qualitative, arts-based study was to explore how street-life contributes to hospitalization, how SI youth …

Keynote Address And Meeting Program, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Multi-Year Effectiveness Of Pzp-22 In Free-Roaming Suburban White-Tailed Deer, Allen T. Rutberg, Kali M. Pereira, Kayla A. Grams, John W. Turner Jr.

Human–Wildlife Interactions

To address the challenge that is posed to the use of fertility control to mitigate human–deer (Cervidae) conflicts by the need to regularly re-inoculate free-roaming animals, we captured, ear-tagged, and hand-injected 68 individual adult female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) with the PZP-22 immunocontraceptive vaccine from February through April, 2014 to 2017, in the Village of Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, USA. Approximately 2.5 years after initial treatments, we booster-darted 29 of the previously treated females with either PZP-22 or native PZP (ZonaStat-D). We observed fawn production between 2014 and 2021. The combination of initial PZP-22 hand-treatments followed by single dart-delivered PZP …

Mental Health Impacts Of Covid-19 On U.S. Young Adults: A Thematic Analysis Of Depression, Anxiety, And Ptsd Experiences, Carol Meza, Viridiana Ortiz, Pedro Hernandez

School of Social Work Faculty Publications

This study explores the yet-to-be-fully-realized effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, particularly focusing on young adults between the ages of 18-39 years of age living in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a thematic content analysis, the study seeks to deepen our understanding of the impact of this novel virus on mental well-being, filling a gap in limited existing research. The theoretical framework in this study is the Disaster Response Cycle or the Disaster Response and Recovery Cycle, and it outlines the different phases that individuals and communities may experience during and after a disaster. The …

The Determination Of Ethanol And Phosphatidylethanol (Peth) In Donated Packed Red Blood Cells, Jordan E. Keller

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

This research investigates the safety and reliability of blood donations by examining the presence of ethanol and phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in packed red blood cells (pRBCs). As blood donation is integral to healthcare, ensuring the safety of blood products is paramount. Current protocols focus on screening for infectious diseases, such as hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but do not routinely asses alcohol consumption, which can significantly impact patient outcomes. As a direct indicator of alcohol consumption, ethanol can affect blood quality, interfere with medical treatments, and present legal issues, such as false conclusions or assumptions. Ethanol detection methods include …

Early Identification Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Childcare Settings: A Literature Review, Maneli Nourzad

Modern Psychological Studies

Timely intervention is key in the development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and early childhood settings present an opportune environment for early diagnosis, particularly in Canada where the identification of ASD in children below the age of four can be further expanded. This review first summarizes the potential benefits and barriers to early identification of ASD in children. There is robust evidence that early detection can result in improved biological and behavioral outcomes in later stages of life despite the subtle and at times elusive signs of ASD in young children. We then focus on the role early …

Social Determinants Of Health Predict Readmission Following Covid-19 Hospitalization: A Health Information Exchange-Based Retrospective Cohort Study, Micaela N Sandoval, Jennifer L Mikhail, Melyssa K Fink, Guillermo A Tortolero, Tru Cao, Ryan Ramphul, Junaid Husain, Eric Boerwinkle

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Since February 2020, over 104 million people in the United States have been diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, or COVID-19, with over 8.5 million reported in the state of Texas. This study analyzed social determinants of health as predictors for readmission among COVID-19 patients in Southeast Texas, United States.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted investigating demographic and clinical risk factors for 30, 60, and 90-day readmission outcomes among adult patients with a COVID-19-associated inpatient hospitalization encounter within a regional health information exchange between February 1, 2020, to December 1, 2022.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In this cohort of 91,007 …

Mindfulness, Moral Outrage, And The Climate Crisis: A Novel Approach Toward Motivating Pro-Environmental Behaviors, Erika Blair

Theses and Dissertations

The consequences of anthropogenic climate change are severe, continuously accelerating, and pose serious threats to the human and natural world. It is imperative to address the climate crisis from a psychosocial perspective and incite lasting, individual-level behavioral change. Various theoretical models have been adapted or developed to explain pro-environmental behaviors. However, the predictive powers of the most commonly used models have proven to be limited, and the underlying psychological processes of pro-environmental behavior constitute a significant gap in the literature. The present study identifies two psychological processes that show significant promise in motivating pro-environmental behaviors: moral outrage and mindfulness. Moral …

Essays On Computational And Financial Economics, Mohammadreza Mahmoudi

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation comprises three essays centered on computational and financial economics, addressing the economic implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, the interplay between monetary policy and the cryptocurrency market, and the strategies for cryptocurrency portfolio optimization.

In the first essay, the spotlight is cast on the U.S. government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent economic ramifications. The study meticulously assesses the implemented uniform pandemic control policies and contrasts them with potential targeted measures. These targeted strategies take into account the differential effects of the virus on various age demographics. By employing the adjusted SEQIHR model as a tool for …

An Endemic Issue: Malawi's Struggle To Prevent Childhood Malaria, Hailey A. Smalley

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Malaria is one of the most prolific diseases in the world, generating hundreds of millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths a year. In 2021, the World Health Organization initiated preliminary trials for the first malaria vaccine in three countries, including Malawi. This project explores the impact of the malaria vaccine on community perspectives and health outcomes related to malaria , describes ongoing challenges that health workers face when disseminating the vaccine, and explains how Malawi’s experience implementing the malaria vaccine reflects larger trends in international aid.

Global Perspectives On Healthcare Waste Management And Bibliographic Mapping During The Crises Of Covid-19, Vasudeo Zambare, Bhushan Bhusare, Lew Christopher, Mohanadoss Ponraj, Nabin Narayan Munankarmi, Mohd Fadhil Md. Din

Applied Environmental Research

The lack of proper waste management of health care facilities can have a significant negative health impact on the global population. This study provides a critical view on the current state of the existing healthcare waste management practices used in healthcare facilities around the world during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak. The increasing amount of COVID-related healthcare waste was analyzed and classified to provide justification for the urgent need to develop waste management standards that ensure safe containment and diversion of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes through recycling, reuse and repurposing. The waste handling, treatment, and disposal management of …

2024 Community-Based Care. Resident And Community Characteristics Report On Assisted Living, Residential Care, And Memory Care Communities, Ozcan Tunalilar, Sarah Dys, Yuliana Levchenko, Diana Jacoby, Minju Kim, Wafi Albalawi, Paula Carder

Institute on Aging Publications

This report marks the 10th anniversary of the Resident and Community Characteristics Report on Assisted Living (AL), Residential Care (RC), and Memory Care (MC) Communities as part of the Oregon Community Based Care project. This study includes rotating questions that focus on emerging areas of interest in the AL/RC/MC settings based on feedback from ODHS and interested parties alongside a core set of questions that are asked every year or every other year to allow comparisons over time. In this year’s study, we included information about various resident, community, and staff characteristics, including:

• Residents: sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., age, sex, …

Evaluating The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Human Security Of Low-Income Migrant Workers’ In Singapore: Perspectives Among Policymakers, Community Stakeholders, And Academic Experts, Mukda Pratheepwatanawong, Rayner Kay Jin Tan, Waranya Jitpong

Asian Review

This research examines human security issues of low-income migrant workers in Singapore as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted stakeholder interviews and a review of secondary data, which were deductively analysed using themes adopted from a United Nations Development Programme human security framework. This research found that while several efforts by civil society and the government have been assessed to make a lasting, positive impact on human security, other areas may still have fallen short. We suggest that despite efforts to address the immediate needs of migrant workers, structural changes are needed to create a lasting impact on …

Meteorological Conditions And Pm2.5 Impact On Covid-19 Case Fatality Ratios (Cfr) In Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Viranphat Singrakphon, Chidsanuphong Chart-Asa, Pasicha Chaikaew

Applied Environmental Research

The emergence of a novel coronavirus strain triggered a global health crisis, impacting both health and economies worldwide, including Thailand since 2019. While prior research hinted at connections between environmental factors and rising COVID-19 cases, these links remained inconclusive. This study investigated indoor and outdoor (I/O) ratios and explored potential correlations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5), meteorological conditions, and the case fatality rate (CFR%) of COVID-19 in Bangkok and its metropolitan area from January to December 2021. In Spearman’s Rank correlation analysis, the results found that CFR% exhibited a positive correlation with relative humidity (RH) (r=0.187) and a negative correlation …

Creating The New Normal: A Historical Approach To Understanding Marketing Agility And Its Implications Across Business, Healthcare, And Social Welfare In A Post Pandemic World, Elan Burton, Delancy Bennett, Linda Burton

Atlantic Marketing Journal

The purpose of this article is to expand our understanding of how marketing agility shapes business, healthcare, and social welfare policy and societal responses to global pandemics. We set the stage for this discussion by presenting an historical exemplar case of marketing agility during the 1918 Influenza pandemic in the US. Next, we outline a necessary conceptual revision and update to previous treatments of marketing agility relative to historical pandemics considering the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Our novel conceptualization focuses on a firm’s (business, healthcare, social welfare) prompt response to dynamic and turbulent circumstances beyond the control of the firm (Araújo …

Extracellular Free Water As An Imaging Biomarker Of Neuroinflammation, Cristina N. Pinheiro

Theses and Dissertations--Psychology

Older adults experience a chronic state of heightened immune response referred to as “inflammaging” which can be observed by detecting levels of proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum. These proinflammatory cytokines are secreted in the central nervous system and may also enter the brain through the blood brain barrier. Previous literature has suggested that extracellular free water, a magnetic resonance imaging metric, may allow us to detect alterations in the extracellular space which are thought to correlate with inflammation in the central nervous system. This study examined the correlation between two proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNFα, collected longitudinally and cross-sectionally imaged …

An Examination Of Airlines Employees' Perceptions Of Sustainability, Green Business Behaviors And Employees' Views On Corporate Reputation, Seda Mumlu Karanfil, Büşra Karakuş

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Purpose: The increase in environmental pollution due to the depletion of natural resources has attracted the attention of society and businesses, and the importance of sustainability has increased. In this direction, enterprises have started to carry out activities related to sustainability. The sustainability activities carried out by businesses also have an impact on their corporate reputation. One of the important issues regarding corporate reputation is the perception of sustainability among employees and green business behaviors. For this reason, the research aims to determine the sustainability perceptions and green business behaviors of employees and to evaluate the corporate reputation of businesses …

ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างคุณลักษณะของผู้ดูแลกับพฤติกรรมสุขภาพที่พึงประสงค์ของผู้สูงอายุไทย, ภานุพันธุ์ พันธุ์กว้าง

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาพฤติกรรมสุขภาพที่พึงประสงค์ของผู้สูงอายุไทย และเพื่อศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างคุณลักษณะของผู้ดูแลและพฤติกรรมสุขภาพที่พึงประสงค์ของผู้สูงอายุไทย ดำเนินการวิจัยโดยใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยเชิงปริมาณ และใช้ข้อมูลทุติยภูมิจากโครงการสำรวจประชากรสูงอายุในประเทศไทย พ.ศ. 2564 โดยสำนักงานสถิติแห่งชาติ กลุ่มตัวอย่างคือ ผู้สูงอายุที่มีอายุ 60 ปีขึ้นไป ที่มีผู้ดูแลในการใช้ชีวิตประจำวัน จำนวน 3,406 คน วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติเชิงพรรณนา ได้แก่ ค่าความถี่ ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ค่าต่ำสุด ค่าสูงสุด และค่าส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และสถิติเชิงอนุมานคือ การถดถอยโลจิสติกทวิภาคผลการศึกษา พบว่า ผู้สูงอายุไทยมีเพียงร้อยละ 7.09 ที่ออกกำลังกายเป็นประจำ และมีเพียงร้อยละ 45.53 ที่กินผัก/ผลไม้เป็นประจำ และผู้สูงอายุที่ดื่มน้ำสะอาดวันละ 8 แก้วหรือมากกว่าเป็นประจำ มีเพียงร้อยละ 36.84 ในขณะที่สัดส่วนของผู้สูงอายุที่ไม่ดื่มสุรา/เครื่องดื่มที่มีแอลกอฮอล์ และไม่สูบบุหรี่ สูงถึงร้อยละ 96.96 และ 97.08 ตามลำดับ ซึ่งแสดงให้เห็นว่าพฤติกรรมสุขภาพที่ยังคงต้องส่งเสริมให้มีเพิ่มมากขึ้นคือ การออกกำลังกาย การกินผัก/ผลไม้ และการดื่มน้ำสะอาด เมื่อศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างคุณลักษณะของผู้ดูแลกับพฤติกรรมสุขภาพที่พึงประสงค์ พบว่า เพศ อายุ ระดับการศึกษาสูงสุด รูปแบบการอยู่อาศัย การลาออกจากงาน รายได้เฉลี่ยต่อเดือน การฝึกอบรมเพื่อดูแลผู้สูงอายุ ระยะเวลาที่ใช้ในการดูแลต่อสัปดาห์ (ชม.) และทัศนคติที่มีต่อการดูแลผู้สูงอายุ มีความสัมพันธ์กับพฤติกรรมสุขภาพที่พึงประสงค์ของผู้สูงอายุไทยอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05 และพบว่าความสัมพันธ์ของผู้ดูแลกับผู้สูงอายุ ไม่มีความสัมพันธ์กับพฤติกรรมสุขภาพที่พึงประสงค์ของผู้สูงอายุในทุกด้าน

การจัดการผู้หนีภัยการสู้รบจากเมียนมาของกองทัพบกในช่วงระหว่างปี ค.ศ. 1998 ถึง 2019, ปราชญา รังษีบุตร

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

สารนิพนธ์ฉบับนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาการจัดการผู้หนีภัยการสู้รบชาวเมียนมาของกองทัพบกในห้วงระหว่างปี ค.ศ.1998 ถึง 2019 ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้ มุ่งศึกษาและวิเคราะห์นโยบายของผู้หนีภัยการสู้รบภายใต้ความตึงเครียดระหว่างการให้ความคุ้มครองผู้หนีภัยการสู้รบชาวเมียนมาตามหลักสิทธิมนุษยชนกับการรักษาความมั่นคงและผลประโยชน์แห่งชาติ โดยพิจารณาในมุมมองของกองทัพบกไทยซึ่งทำหน้าที่ควบคุมดูแล จัดระเบียบ รักษาความปลอดภัย ให้ความช่วยเหลือขั้นพื้นฐาน ตลอดจนประสานความร่วมมือทุกภาคส่วนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการดำเนินการต่อผู้หนีภัยการสู้รบชาวเมียนมา เพื่อทำความเข้าใจถึงการเปลี่ยนแปลงในนโยบายและแนวทางการบริหารจัดการในห้วงระหว่างปี ค.ศ.1998 ถึง 2019 โดยวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลจากปัจจัยต่าง ๆ ที่ส่งผลต่อความสามารถในการจัดการผู้หนีภัยการสู้รบชาวเมียนมาของกองทัพบก ตลอดจนวิเคราะห์ผลกระทบ และข้อเสนอแนะเชิงนโยบายเพื่อแก้ปัญหาอย่างยั่งยืน

The Lived Experience Of The Covid-19 Pandemic Among Mandate-Resistant Adults In Washington State, Amber N. Peterson

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study examined the lived experience of self-identified, mandate-resistant adults in Washington state. This study explored participants’ experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, from a retrospective framework by uncovering challenges, silver linings, decision-making, and self-reported mental health. Remote interviews were conducted with nine participants. Participants were between 23–31 years old, mostly male, and over half identified as Black. Through semi structured interviews, data was collected and analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Participants described their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlighted significant changes in the way they lived their lives. Most notably, participants described ways in which they defied COVID-19 …

Inclusive Theory Of Change Development For A Social Enterprise, Megan A. Bolton

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This research aimed to study what occurs when a theory of change (ToC) is co-created in a social enterprise serving individuals facing barriers to employment. The study included the following three objectives: identifying the barriers and facilitators experienced by those implementing the ToC, gathering the perspectives of program end users on the ToC, and exploring how the ToC would facilitate impact measurement. A central feature of this AR study was the engagement of returning citizens in the discussion and development of the ToC, which added to the process and outcomes of this research in important ways. The lived experience of …

From East To West: Exploring The Mental Health Of Punjabi Immigrants Residing In British Columbia, Jasleen Kaur

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Mental health has been a topic that is slowly gaining more acknowledgement and awareness over time. However, despite the elevation in awareness, there are many cultures where mental health issues remain subject to stigma, which discourages an individual from seeking, or even acknowledging, mental health treatment and services. This study focuses upon varying perceptions of mental health by exploring in-depth the perception of mental health within the Punjabi community and how Punjabi culture affects such perceptions. Specifically, this research study examines how young adults who immigrated from Punjab, India to British Columbia (B.C.) perceive and respond to mental health concerns. …

Internal And Social Sources Shape Judgments About The Mental And Physical Nature Of An Experience, Jacinth Jia Xin Tan, Alexander Karan, Dolores Albarracin

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Although humans are intuitive dualists, little is known about whether they hold lay beliefs about the origins or sources of their intuitive perceptions of what is physical and what is mental. Drawing on theories of the sources of phenomenological experiences, we examined if people hold beliefs about the internal and social origins of judments that their experiences are physical or mental. In Study 1, participants provided physical or mental judgments about a range of personal experiences, and reported relying on both internal (i.e., examining own body and thoughts) and social (i.e., observing others) sources as information for their judgments. To …

Lion City Zoopolis: Urban Crittizenship In Biophilic Singapore, George Wong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

A central theme of Singapore’s “City in Nature” vision is framed through biophilic urbanism, or efforts to harmonize biodiversity and urban development through built, social, and political design. The central discourses of Singapore’s biophilic urbanism have revolved around flora-centric paradigms, including habitat conservation, greening spaces, and access to natural capital. This paper detours from conventions of Singapore’s urban ecological futures and instead explores the governance of fauna co- existence in the city–state through the concept of “urban crittizenship.” Defined as a more-than-human denization framework that interrogates urban wildlife governance, urban crittizenship interrogates the politics of urban wildlife’s rights to the …

The Supervisors Are Carrying The Bag: The Nurses' Emergency Council, Settlement Houses, And The 1918 Influenza Pandemic In New York City, Eric C. Cimino

History and Political Science: Faculty Publications

This article examines the combined efforts of the Nurses’ Emergency Council (NEC), settlement houses, and the Department of Health during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in New York City. To coordinate public health nursing, the NEC united the settlements and municipal agencies into an umbrella organization that was chaired by Lillian Wald of the Henry Street Settlement. Together, the NEC and the Health Department recruited a corps of nurses to treat influenza patients, primarily in their homes. Historical accounts of the 1918 Pandemic often emphasize the incompetence of American cities in dealing with influenza’s spread. New York’s Health Commissioner Royal Copeland, …