Digital Commons Network^™

Public Health Insurance And Pharmaceutical Innovation: Evidence From China, Xuan Zhang, Huihua Nie

Research Collection School Of Economics

Developing countries are characterized by low levels of pharmaceutical innovation. A likely reason is their small market size, which is not because of the population size but because of low levels of income and lack of health insurance coverage. This study exploits a natural experiment from the implementation of a public health insurance program for rural residents in China (New Cooperative Medical Scheme [NCMS]) to examine whether the pharmaceutical industry increases innovation regarding diseases covered by the NCMS that are prevalent in rural areas. We examine the 1993–2009 patent data to gauge pharmaceutical innovation in China. Diseases with a 10% …

An Overview Of The Evidence Of Infectious Disease In Pharaonic Egypt, Lisa Sabbahy Dr.

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Social Media Self-Regulation And The Rise Of Vaccine Misinformation, Ana Santos Rutschman

All Faculty Scholarship

This essay examines the main characteristics and shortcomings of mainstream social media responses to vaccine misinformation and disinformation. Parts I and II contextualize the recent expansion of vaccine information and disinformation in the online environment. Part III provides a survey and taxonomy of ongoing responses to vaccine misinformation adopted by mainstream social media. It further notes the limitations of current self-regulatory modes and illustrates these limitations by presenting a short case study on Facebook—the largest social media vehicle for vaccine-specific misinformation, currently estimated to harbor approximately half of the social media accounts linked to vaccine misinformation. Part IV examines potential …

Influence Of Political Affiliation On Perceived Media Bias And Trustworthiness In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Tabitha Lamberth

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Partisanship and news source attribution may influence perceived media bias and trust in COVID-19 information. This study aimed to explore how the similarity liking effect relates to political identity and perceived credibility. Our main hypothesis was that individuals would find news sources that shared their political affiliation as more trustworthy than other news sources. To test our hypothesis, 216 undergraduate students participated in a study that measured participants’ trustworthiness of a news article with randomized source attribution from a liberal, conservative, and neutral source. A 2X3 ANOVA tested the relationship between our participants’ political affiliation, measured by the 12-item Social …

Life In A Time Of Covid: A Mixed Method Study Of The Changes In Lifestyle, Mental And Psychosocial Health During And After Lockdown In Western Australians, Ranila Bhoyroo, Paola Chivers, Lynne Millar, Caroline Bulsara, Ben Piggott, Michelle Lambert, Jim Codde

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Western Australian government imposed multiple restrictions that impacted daily life activities and the social life. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of COVID-19 lockdown on the community’s physical, mental and psychosocial health. Methods: Approximately 2 months after a three-month lockdown, a cross-sectional study was opened to Western Australian adults for an 8-week period (25th August – 21 October 2020). Participants competed a 25-min questionnaire adapted from the Western Australia Health and Wellbeing Surveillance system. Participants provided information on their socio-demographic status, lifestyle behaviours, mental health, and psychosocial …

Divergent Attitudes Regarding The Benefits Of Face Masks In Aviation Colleges And Universities, Andrew R. Dattel, Peiheng Gao, Hanzi Xie, Maxine E. Lubner

Publications

Opinions and practices regarding face masks (FM) to attenuate COVID-19’s spread remains polarized across the United States. We examined whether these attitudes extend to the aviation collegiate community. A 14-question survey was sent to 90 aviation colleges and universities throughout the country. Responses were solicited from students, faculty, and staff. Of the 598 respondents, 77% were students, 13% were faculty, and 10% were staff. Pilots comprised 66% of the respondents. A Principal Component Analysis reduced the questions to two scales: Benefits and Inconvenience. Females, non-pilots, and older respondents reported greater benefits to wearing a FMand fewer inconveniences. A multiple regression …

Molecular Identification Of Parasites In An Intestinal Coprolite From A Mummified Religious Dignitary Of The Piraino Mother Church Crypt, Sicily, Amanda Rollins, Krystiana Krupa, Georgia Millward, Dario Piombino-Mascali, Karl Reinhard, Frederika Kaestle

Karl Reinhard Publications

Intestinal contents were sampled from a spontaneously enhanced mummy from the Sepulcher of the Priests of the Piraino Mother Church in the Province of Messina, Sicily. This adult male mummy, Piraino 1, is an unidentified religious dignitary dating from the late-18th to mid-19th centuries. Immunological and molecular diagnostics were used to test for common and clinically significant parasites. A morphological diagnosis of Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) was confirmed genetically. A previously undetected Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) infection was also identified genetically. These data indicate that the Piraino 1 individual was simultaneously infected with multiple intestinal parasite species indicative of poor hygiene. This …

Perceptions Of Covid-19, Information Seeking Behavior, And Political Orientation, Bailey Dodd, Sean Rife

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

COVID-19 was declared an international pandemic in March 2020 and infected millions of people globally in less than six months. Research suggests that a large amount of both accurate and misinformation exists on the pandemic, and it would be expected that an individual’s political orientation would influence their perception of the virus and the information that they endorse. Based on past research, it would be expected that both liberals and conservatives would be equally concerned about the COVID-19 pandemic and endorse similar measures. However, Republicans downplayed the pandemic and were more likely to consider it a hoax, while Democrats exaggerated …

Examining Psychological Distress In Parents Of Children With Food Allergies And Asthma During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kelsey L. Hill

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (U.S.) was anticipated to have a tremendous impact on mental health, leading to heightened anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The current study examined the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in parents of children with food allergies and asthma compared to parents of healthy children, examined associations between disease-specific measures and broad measures of anxiety, and explored moderating variables impacting the relationship between COVID-19-related stressors and psychological outcomes. A national sample of 265 parents completed an online survey between April and June 2020. Parents of children with food allergies and asthma experienced …

"Who Can Help Me?'': Knowledge Infused Matching Of Support Seekers And Support Providers During Covid-19 On Reddit, Manas Gaur, Kaushik Roy, Aditya Sharma, Biplav Srivastava, Amit Sheth

Publications

During the ongoing COVID-19 crisis, subreddits on Reddit, such as r/Coronavirus saw a rapid growth in user's requests for help (support seekers - SSs) including individuals with varying professions and experiences with diverse perspectives on care (support providers - SPs). Currently, knowledgeable human moderators match an SS with a user with relevant experience, i.e, an SP on these subreddits. This unscalable process defers timely care. We present a medical knowledge-infused approach to efficient matching of SS and SPs validated by experts for the users affected by anxiety and depression, in the context of with COVID-19. After matching, each SP to …

Short-Range Forecasting Of Covid-19 During Early Onset At County, Health District, And State Geographic Levels Using Seven Methods: Comparative Forecasting Study, Christopher Lynch, Ross Gore

VMASC Publications

BACKGROUND:

Forecasting methods rely on trends and averages of prior observations to forecast COVID-19 case counts. COVID-19 forecasts have received much media attention, and numerous platforms have been created to inform the public. However, forecasting effectiveness varies by geographic scope and is affected by changing assumptions in behaviors and preventative measures in response to the pandemic. Due to time requirements for developing a COVID-19 vaccine, evidence is needed to inform short-term forecasting method selection at county, health district, and state levels.

OBJECTIVE:

COVID-19 forecasts keep the public informed and contribute to public policy. As such, proper understanding of forecasting purposes …

Health Literacy Of University Students In Covid-19 Pandemic And Infodemic: A Pakistani Perspective, Rozeen Shaukat, Muhammad Asif Naveed

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This research investigated the levels of health literacy among Pakistani university students in the Covid-19 pandemic and infodemic. The university students were surveyed using an online questionnaire at two public sector universities and one private sector university in Punjab-Pakistan. The administration of the data collection instrument was completed with permission from concerned authorities. A total of 374 responses received which were imported to SPSS and analyzed by applying descriptive as well as inferential statistics. The results revealed that the health literacy of university students in the Covid-19 pandemic and infodemic was not at an optimal level as these participants expressed …

Discourse Of Renewal: A Qualitative Analysis Of The University Of Montana’S Covid-19 Crisis Communication, Haley Renae Gabel

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The COVID-19 pandemic has proven to be a public health crisis that has affected lives and impacted organizations across the world. The pandemic has interrupted student learning and threatened universities nationwide. Crises are trying times for organizations, and when faced with a crisis, an organization has an obligation to keep its members informed; therefore, it must carefully choose how to respond and communicate about the crisis. This study uses discourse of renewal theory as a lens to analyze the University of Montana’s communication about COVID-19, studying 37 pages of university emails and documents on the university website. Results indicate that …

Caution Fatigue: Group Identification And Disgust Provide Protection In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Logan F. Ashworth

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The current Coronavirus pandemic has yielded an abundance of concerns regarding the psychological effects of isolating a highly social species through widespread lockdowns and enhanced social distancing. Research show that many are suffering from mental health crises, while also refusing to isolate (Brooks et al., 2020; Czeiler, et al., 2020). These behaviors combine to increase risk of viral infection. An emerging term to explain this paradox is “Caution Fatigue”. Yet, there is no research that outlines its specific underlying mechanisms. The goal of this paper is to propose a series of models that delineate caution fatigue through the effects a) …

Impact Of Health Literacy On Fear Of Covid-19, Protective Behavior, And Conspiracy Beliefs: University Students’ Perspective, Rozeen Shaukat, Ali Asghar, Muhammad Asif Naveed

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Health literacy is an essential to respond proactively to pandemic situations like Covid-19. It helps the general public to reduce the spread of infectious diseases, prevent from over-reactions, reduce carelessness, adopt health protective behavior. The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of health literacy on fear of Covid-19, protective behavior, and conspiracy beliefs of university students in Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted at two public sector universities in Punjab with permission. A total of 271 received responses were analyzed by applying both descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS. The results indicated students' …

Towards An Innovative Approach In Libraries And Information Niche During Covid-19: A Rapid Review Of Various Exercises And Endeavors By Contemporary Library Professionals, Shipra Awasthi, Shiva Kanaujia Sukula, Amar Singh Yadav, Moveen Kumar, Babar Raees, Sonam Rigzin

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose: The study aims to review the literature published on the effects of COVID-19 on libraries and library professionals. It provides a glimpse of the actions taken by various kinds of libraries and associations in India and western regions. Research Methodology: The rapid review method is adopted for the study as it provides information rapidly and timely. The information obtained through this method is beneficial for the professionals and the stakeholders. It gives an insight to the libraries to follow the practices adopted by the academic libraries in western regions and India. Findings: The findings revealed that libraries …

Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Education In Nigeria: Implications For Policy And Practice Of E-Learning, Uchenna N. Eze, Maximus M. Sefotho, Charity N. Onyishi, Chiedu Eseadi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Education is among the sectors with devastating impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Before the pandemic, the Nigerian education system has adopted purely, face-to-face approached to teaching and learning in primary and secondary schools. Primary and secondary school learners were not allowed to own any digital gadget such as phone or computer, neither were they allowed to be seen with such in the schools. With the emergence of the lockdown condition and school closure, following the COVID-19 pandemic, both teachers and learners were helpless about how to continue learning in the face of the pandemic. This study investigated the challenges posed by, …

The Publication Trend Of Internal Medicine In Iran, The Middle East And The World: A 10-Year Bibliometric Analysis, Maryam Esmaeilzadeh, Abbas Doulani, Mohammad Gomar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

Purpose: This study sought to evaluate the scientific publications of Iranian researchers in the field of internal medicine as well as to compare them with those of the countries of the Middle East and the world within 2009-2018.

Design/methodology/approach: In this bibliometric study, the Scopus database was used. All papers published in the past ten years by researchers from Iran, the Middle East and the world in the field of internal medicine were included in the study. Data analysis and drawing of scientific maps were performed using Excel and VOS viewer software.

Findings: The number of …

Impact Of Historical Review And Archival Accessibility In Combating Covid-19 Pandemic In Nigeria, Bakare D. Oluwabunmi Dr, Mary Funke Ajayi Mrs

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Archives and records management play a central role in understanding the past and aid effective decision-making on current situations. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of historical review and archival accessibility in combating COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. The study was based on a systematic review of existing literature on overview of pandemics in human history, history of pandemic in Nigeria, 1918-1919 influenza in Nigeria, COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, and archival accessibility and pandemics. The study was able to identify some major challenges of archival accessibility in Nigeria, which made it difficult to access documents of …

Defining Information Literacy Amid 21st Century Socio-Political Barriers, Alicea Peyton

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

No abstract provided.

Unstoppable Study With Moocs During Covid 19 Pandemic: A Study, Nilanjana Purkayastha Librarian A.K Chanda Law College,Silchar, Ph.D Research Scholar, Manoj Kumar Sinha Prof And Hod Department Of Library And Information Science

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSTRACT

Online Learning technology, which is now a fundamental need of modern civilization, is also becoming an affordable, handy information provider and even a provider of professional courses and educational degrees instead of attending physical classes in the traditional institute of learning. Recently this opportunity is offered through MOOCs (Massive Open Online Course), especially in India. MOOCs are gaining popularity worldwide for their benefits and easy access, provided by the best universities worldwide, individually or collaboratively. Some popular MOOC platforms are namely FutureLearn, edx, Coursera, Udacity, etc., have already set their distinctive mark in the field of higher education and …

Cornelia De Lange Syndrome Research From 1953 To 2020: A Bibliometric Analysis, Dr. Mirza Muhammad Naseer, Dr. Abu Waris

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The present study was conducted to explore various aspects of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) research publications including annual scientific productivity, top contributing authors and their impact, top contributing countries and organizations, most relevant sources of publication, highly cited documents, and most frequently used words. Bibliometric methods were used to investigate these aspects of CdLS research publications. Results of the study disclosed that the annual scientific productivity of CdLS literature is increasing gradually with the passage of time. A. Selicorni contributed the highest number of publications (45) to CdLS literature while I. D. Krantz had the highest impact in the …

Indian Contribution In Animal Behaviour Research: A Scientometric Study, Surulinathi .. M Asst.Professor, Rajkumar N Research Scholar, Jayasuriya T Mlis, Rajagopal T Assistant Professor

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study analysed the characteristics of articles published by the Indian Scientists in the field of Animal Behaviour, a total 10030 Publications retrieved from the Scopus online database were analysed. There were as many as 120 countries actively engaged research with Indian researchers, which produced 10,030 publications during the study period. The most productive and the highest number of Collaboration with the United States of America (844), followed by Next the UK with 253, Germany (184), Australia (114), Japan (111) and Saudi Arabia (107). Among these institutions, Panjab University, Punjab topped in the list with 431 publications (57 H-Index) …

Opportunities And Challenges Of Consumer Health Information On The Internet: Is Cyberchondria An Emerging Challenge?, Amirreza Kalantari, Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi, Azam Shahbodaghi, Farid Zayeri

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction: With the advent of the Internet, retrieval and searching of information resources have changed compared to the past. These changes have made the Internet network easy enough for users to access specialized and non-specialized knowledge, and consequently, expose users to many challenges and opportunities. Accordingly, this study investigates and categorize these challenges and opportunities.

Methods: To conduct this narrative review, at the first step, the articles addressed health-related information available on the Internet from reputable journals and databases were selected. Then, the selected articles were examined to answer the research questions, and the information obtained was categorized. Finally, the …

Nutritional Aspects Related To Covid-19: A Bibliometric Analysis Using Scopus Database, Arti Muley Dr, Srujana Medithi Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Nutrition therapy has lately gained attention as an effective way of combating the novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), especially to address the immunity in an individual and their overall health. The present study is a bibliometric assessment of research conducted to understand the role of nutrition in treating COVID-19 which was carried out since the pandemic's sudden outburst during 2020 and 2021 and published in the Scopus database. A total of 93 publications were found, and the results were studied by evaluating these documents. The present analysis identifies the active countries where the research was conducted, various types of documents wherein …

Aging And Gender In The Tsimane’: Differences In Energy Expenditure, Physical Activity, And Horticultural Work, Daniel Kruse Cummings

Anthropology ETDs

The purpose of this dissertation is to measure and explain age- and sex-related differences in energy expenditure, physical activity, and patterns of horticultural work, in the Tsimane’, a subsistence forager-horticulturalist population from the Bolivian Amazon. Changes in the way energy is used with advancing age has important implications for the tradeoffs negotiated within the aging body as it partitions increasingly limited energy among competing life functions. It is guided by a theoretical framework which posits the co-evolution of the unique suite of fast and slow human life history traits, cooperative production of resources, and ageand sex-specific schedules of growth, production, …

Covid-19 And The Correctional Environment: An Analysis Of Canadian Correctional Officers’ Experiences Of Stress And Mental Health During The Pandemic, Kristina Kocsis

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This national survey research project examined the experiences of Canadian correctional officers (COs) in providing essential correctional services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sampled COs from several provinces across Canada (N=596) to better understand how the pandemic impacted stress and wellbeing of this population by exploring seven constructs including resiliency, workplace safety, changes in role or responsibilities, work stress, COVID- 19 related stress, perceived support, and positive mental health. The transactional model of stress and coping and the biopsychosocial model of stress were used as theoretical frameworks to investigate stress responses among COs. Respondents reported significant changes to their …

Preparation And Response To Covid-19: An Exploratory Analysis Of Policy Response Spending And Health Expenditures In 20 Oecd Countries, Anis Ben Brik, Neil Gilbert

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article examines the comparative impact of COVID-19 in terms of the number of cases per capita and the per capita mortality rate and analyzes the relationships between these impact estimates and three policy measures in 20 OECD countries, controlling for the population over age 65. The policy measures involve public and private health expenditures prior to the pandemic onset and per capita fiscal expenditures devoted to policies designed to address the pandemic, which are identified in the International Monetary Fund’s policy tracker. The findings show no relationship between the policy measures and COVID-19 when controlling for the population over …

Challenges To Successful Health Care Transition Among Hiv Positive Youth With Perinatal Acquisition, Tyler Andrew Termeer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

To ensure stability in the continuum of health care for HIV-positive youth with perinatal acquisition, there is a need for a successful transition from pediatric to adult primary care. However, there are a growing number of perinatally infected HIV-positive young persons remaining in pediatric care beyond the age of 21. Using Mohr’s program theory and a phenomenological approach, the lived experiences of Ohio HIV clinicians were examined to determine why many perinatally infected HIV-positive youths are remaining in pediatric care beyond the age of 21. Audio recorded video interviews via SKYPE were conducted with 12 participants, transcribed, underwent thematic analysis, …

The Impact Of Community Churches And Barbershops On Preventive Care Utilization Among African American Men, Quiante Chappell Hager

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Preventive health care screening plays an essential role in reducing chronic diseases and mortality rates; yet, even as health care access has increased, African American men’s utilization of preventive screenings remains low in rural areas. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate why African American men are not utilizing preventive care services and ascertaining the impact that social determinants may have on their utilization of these services. The theoretical framework of this research study comprised the social-ecological modal and health belief model to investigate the barriers to preventive care utilization in the African American community. Twelve African …