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Growing Old In Changing Micronesia, Leonard Mason

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Reindustrialization And The Future Of Social Welfare, Steve Burghardt, Michael Fabricant

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

"Reindustrialization" is a term of economic complexity and great, if confused, social implications to most human service workers. Human services workers can only challenge the plans envisioned by most reindustrialists if certain arguments and assumptions are understood. This article will lay out the reindustrialists plans and assumptions. It will also develop some of the reasons why such ideas, as they are now formulated, cannot work -- in terms based on common experiences highly familiar to every human service worker.

The Effect Of Leadership Predictions On Actual Leadership Emergence In Small Task Groups, Robert Anderson Jr.

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Research has shown that prior expectations of on individual's performance can have a significant effect on others behavior and attitudes toward that individual. This phenomenon was tested on the emergent leadership process with zero history groups. Male students in various social fraternities at a regional university were given a leadership test designed to measure their leadership abilities. The leadership tests were never scored, but the subjects were told that they were, and, one of the group members was reported as scoring exceptionally nigh. The group was then given one of two tasks to perform, and the emergent leadership process was …

The Politics Of Aging And Rural Social Services, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Circumstances in the development of rural aging services in the 1960s and 1970s produced four distinct community leadership styles in the aging network. These are described and labeled the pre-organizational, the grantsman or leadership planner style, the organizational or managerial style and the organized advocacy style.

Leader, Follower, And Nonleader Patterns In Emergent Leadership, Catherine Mae Holmes

Master's Theses

In the present research 82 freshmen at the University of Richmond who had previously been administered the Omnibus Personality Inventory (OPI) volunteered for a short discussion session after which each student completed a 9 item leadership scale on each of the other group members. A multiple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between the Social Extroversion scale of the UPI and ratings of group participation (r=.38, <.01). A post hoc multiple discriminant analysis identified 7 OPI scales which discriminated 64.4% of the cases into correct leadership groups. These findings support a leader-follower-nonleader paradigm for small croup participation, identifying unique personality configurations for each group -- leaders who participate actively and who organize the group process, followers who offer suggestions congeniality and nonreaders who either refuse to interact or become antagonistic to group goals. Suggestions for future research include a need for observer ratings of group interactions as well as more extensive personality measures of social variables such as dominance and social desirability.

A Comparison Of Zero-History & Continuing Groups In Two Communication Networks, Howard Sypher

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Five-person continuing and zero-history groups solved sentence-completion problems in two communication networks: the comcon and the wheel. Oral communication was utilized and all problem solving sessions were tape recorded for analysis. Analysis of variance revealed that the comcon network was significantly faster that the wheel in completing the task. The continuing groups used significantly more messages than the zero-history groups in problem solving. A chi-square test indicated that the continuing groups also used significantly more "sociability" messages than the zero-history groups in solving the sentence-completion problems. Analysis of variance revealed that in both groups, subjects in the central position of …

Predicting Leader Emergence Within Fielder's Contingency Model Of Leadership Effectiveness, Helen Ferguson Daniel

Master's Theses

Eighteen fourman groups consisting of female undergraduates at the University of Richmond participated in problem-solving tasks within the restrictions of an all-channel communication network. Each subject was chosen by her scores on Fiedler' s (1967) Least-preferred co-worker (LPC) scale. The hypothesis that low LPC Ss would emerge as group leaders under the conditions of Octant II of Fiedler's contingency model was not supported by the nominations of twelve groups. Two-factor ANOV s showed non­ significant time differences over time for the four leadership conditions. These results are consistent with the Rice and Chemers (1973) findings which indicate that Fiedler' s …

Decision-Making Style As A Factor In The Selection Of Task-Group Coordinator, David E. Morris

Student Work

To date, emergent leadership literature has not clearly indicated what variables influence group members' perception and subsequent selection of a group leader. One approach to the study of this problem has been to analyze group members' verbal behavior to identify empirically behaviors which are more frequent among leaders than nonleaders within a task group. The basic assumption underlying this approach appears to be that a group selects as its leader that individual from the group who most frequently exhibits some specific "leadership behavior(s)." The literature indicates, however, that this approach has been misleading and inconclusive. For example, in an early …

Trait Anxiety, Leadership And Group-Induced Decision Change, Chester D. Gaston

Student Work

The twelve item Choice Dilemmas Questionnaire (CDQ) developed by Kogan and Wallach (1964) has been used extensively for investigating individual and group decision-making processes. Each item presents a hypothetical life situation in which the central character must choose between two courses of action, one of which is more risky than the other but also more rewarding if successful. For each situation the Sis must select the lowest probability of success they would accept before recommending that the potentially more rewarding (and risky) alternative be chosen. After Ss have made their private individual choices, a group is formed and each item …

The Effects Of Leader Presence And Moderate Stress Upon Small Group Sentiment And Interaction, Ray Lewis Cordon

Masters Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of leader presence and moderate stress upon sentiment and interaction in small groups. Seventy-four students were selected from the required speech course at Eastern Illinois University to serve as subjects. These subjects were assigned to sixteen groups, ranging from four to five members per group.

Silent and absent leadership, imposed stress and no stress were introduced to the groups through a 2 X 2 factorial design. In one condition (N = 18) the group leader provided instructions and then remained silent during group interaction, and moderate stress--an announced time barrier--was …

Psychological Correlates Of Dogmatism And Heterogeneity Of Power In Small Groups, Joel Robert Kaplan

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Emergent Leadership As A Function Of The Leaders Social Distance And The Task Situation, George Stephen Goldstein

Master's Theses

The present study attempts to investigate the phenomena of social distance of the leader as a function of group effectiveness on different tasks. A number of hypotheses will be studied.

High School Leadership: A Study Of Differential Characteristics Of Emergent Leaders And Non-Leaders In A Small Private Roman Catholic Girls' High School In A Large Midwestern City, Hubert James Horan

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.