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Depression Due To Combined Dexamethasone And Cyproheptadine Abuse For Weight Gain, Sanjana Sateesh, Jatin Kumar, Dhananjay Ardawatia, Kishor M, Shashidhara Kc, Srikanth Ms

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Cyproheptadine, an H1 antihistamine, and Dexamethasone, a long-acting steroid, are often misused in combination for addressing self-perceived body image issues and have become a popular but dangerous ‘weight gain cocktail’, often available over the counter without any prescription. This case describes a 25-year-old man who had self-prescribed the above-mentioned drugs in combination to address his self-perceived lean physique. This resulted in a significant weight gain, followed by an abnormal increase in appetite, which affected his daily life. Upon cessation, it resulted in rebound weight changes, depressive features, along with features of corticosteroid withdrawal, which required multidisciplinary management.

This case highlights …

Diagnostic Trends And Service Enhancements In Deaf Mental Health: A Longitudinal Analysis, Kent Schafer, Steve Hamerdinger, Frank Wu, Rie Sakai Bizmark, Charlene Crump

JADARA

A longitudinal study investigated mental health diagnostic trends and patterns among Deaf and Hearing individuals using a comprehensive dataset from Alabama Department of Mental Health spanning 2004-2024 (Deaf=4,547; Hearing=2,056,188). Chi-square analysis revealed significant proportional differences in diagnoses between the groups. Deaf individuals showed significantly higher proportions of psychotic (12.93% vs. 8.33% Hearing), mood (20.76% vs. 18.84% Hearing), and personality (0.58% vs. 0.43% Hearing) disorders. These findings suggest that increased access to specialized and competent mental health services for individuals who are Deaf, particularly following the increase of staffing patterns for the Office of Deaf Services in 2015,contributed to more accurate …

When A Man Is Stressed, It Replicates In The House”: Kenyan Women’S Perspectives On The Influence Of Male Partners On Perinatal Mental Health Among Women Affected By Hiv, Hellen Moraa, Joan Mutahi, Winnie Atieno, Grace John-Stewart, John Kinuthia, Manasi Kumar, Mary Marwa, Ben Odhiambo, Felix Abuna, Jillian Pintye

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Mental health conditions are a major public health concern in the African region, where women experience a high prevalence of maternal mental health conditions and limited access to adequate care. This issue is particularly severe among women living with HIV (WLHIV), who face a heightened risk of depression and anxiety. Despite the well-documented association between male partner-related factors and maternal/child health outcomes, their impact on perinatal mental health from the perspective of women is not well understood. We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with women affected by HIV. Thematic analysis revealed common sources of mental distress they experienced. …

Varicella Zoster Encephalitis In An Immunocompetent Middle-Aged Female With Benign Neurological Presentation, Kopalle Bhanu Sriram, Swathi B.S, Bernice Roberts

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) is a neurotropic human herpesvirus that typically presents as herpes zoster following reactivation of latent infection. Central nervous system involvement such as encephalitis is uncommon and is more frequently described in immunocompromised individuals. Increasing use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostics has enabled improved recognition of VZV-related neurological disease in immunocompetent hosts.

We describe a middle-aged immunocompetent female who presented with a 15-day history of persistent headache associated with vomiting and low-grade fever. Examination revealed vesicular eruptions in the T8–T9 dermatomes, while neurological examination and neuroimaging were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis demonstrated lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated …

An Odd Protocol For An Agent-Based Model Of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission With Inter- And Intra-Group Structural And Behavioural Heterogeneous Syringe-Sharing Networks (5), Seun Ale, Que Nguyen Dr., John D. Kelleher Prof., Elizabeth Hunter Dr.

Reports

The model described in this ODD is an agent-based model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). The model incorporates structural heterogeneity through a three-group interaction framework and behavioural heterogeneity through group-specific syringe-sharing rates with additional intra-group variability. The syringe-sharing population in the model is divided into core, inner, and outer circle groups representing individuals with high, moderate, and low levels of syringe-sharing interaction intensity, respectively. In addition to differences in the number of daily interaction opportunities across groups, agents in each group are assigned syringe-sharing probabilities that vary at the individual level around their …

Early Insights From A Multi-Centre National Stroke Surveillance Initiative In Tanzania, Sarah Shali Matuja, Azan Nyundo, Emmanuel Assey, Joel Bwelemo, Marieke Dekker, Sarah Urasa, Emanuel Makarius, Peter Kishimbo, Philip Adebayo, Paschal Ruggajo

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally, with sub-Saharan Africa, bearing the greatest burden. Tanzania has only one active stroke registry, limiting evidence-based care and policy development. We aimed to expand the registry into a multi-centre study across eight major tertiary hospitals to generate baseline data for a national stroke registry.

Methods: From January to August 2024, we analysed de-identified data from adults (≥18 years) admitted with a World Health Organisation defined stroke. Data collected included demographics, risk factors, imaging, and in-hospital mortality. Logistic regression identified predictors of mortality.

Results: A total of 1000 patients were …

An Odd Protocol For An Agent-Based Model Of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission In A Two-Group Structural Heterogeneous Syringe-Sharing Network (M2), Seun Ale, Que Nguyen Dr., John D. Kelleher Prof., Elizabeth Hunter Dr.

Reports

The model described in this ODD is an agent-based model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). The model extended a baseline homogeneous model by incorporating structural heterogeneity via a two-group interaction framework. The syringe-sharing population in the model is divided into inner and outer circle groups representing individuals with differing levels of syringe-sharing interaction intensity. While all agents share the same syringe-sharing probability and epidemiological processes remain identical across agents, the number of daily interaction opportunities differs between the two groups. Interactions in the model are generated dynamically using proximity-based sampling at each timestep …

An Odd Protocol For An Agent-Based Model Of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission In A Three-Group Structural Heterogeneous Syringe-Sharing Network (M3), Seun Ale, Que Nguyen Dr., John D. Kelleher Prof., Elizabeth Hunter Dr.

Reports

The model described in this ODD is an agent-based model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). The model incorporates structural heterogeneity through a three-group interaction framework. The syringe-sharing population in the model is divided into core, inner, and outer circle groups representing individuals with high, moderate, and low levels of syringe-sharing interaction intensity, respectively. While the syringe-sharing rate and all epidemiological processes remain identical across agents, the number of daily interaction opportunities differs by agent grouping, capturing variation in structural position within the syringe-sharing network. Interactions are generated dynamically using proximity-based sampling at each …

Impact Of Suaahara, An Integrated Nutrition Programme, On Maternal And Child Nutrition At Scale In Nepal, Edward A. Frongillo Jr. Ph.D., Shalini Suresh, Deependra K. Thapa, Kenda Cunningham, Pooja Pandey Rana, Ramesh P. Adhikari, Subir Kole, Bhim Pun, Indra Kshetri, Debendra P. Adhikari, Rolf Klemm

Faculty Publications

Suaahara was an innovative, complex, multi-sectoral, large-scale, nutrition programme in Nepal to increase exposure to nutrition-related information and services, improve nutrition-related knowledge and practices among pregnant women and mothers of infants and young children, and improve their nutrition. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Suaahara to improve nutrition and nutrition-related practices by comparing changes over 10 years between intervention and comparison districts. The samples of households at baseline in 2012 and endline in 2022 were 2040 and 2480, respectively, from 120 old wards. The impact was estimated using intent-to-treat regression models in which survey year, arm and their interaction were …

Evaluation Of Pulse Oximetry Alarm Fatigue And The Impact Of Spo2 Thresholds On Clinical Workflow: A Prospective Observational Study In A Kenyan Neonatal Unit, Bazil Masabo, Augustine Waswa, Jesse Coleman, Morris Ogero, Grace Irimu, Dorothy Chomba, Millicent Parsimei, Cynthia Shitote, Ferdinand Okwaro, William Macharia

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Introduction: Effective pulse oximetry monitoring in a newborn unit requires clinician action. However, if thresholds are not adapted to each neonate, frequent alarms cause alarm fatigue, which impacts the quality of patient monitoring, staff workload and clinical workflow.

Methods: We conducted an observational study from October 2021 to December 2022 in a Kenyan newborn unit which enrolled neonates through convenience sampling. Data were analysed in R using default thresholds of 85% to 96% for SpO2 and 90 to 200 bpm for PR.

Results: Among the 49 neonates enrolled, median hourly alarms per patient were 12 visual and …

Caregiver Assessment Of Executive Function Deficits Among Hiv-Infected And Hiv-Exposed Uninfected Preschool Children In Kenya, Antipa Sigilai, Moses Nyongesa, Amin Hassan, Janet Thoya, Rachel Odhiambo, K. Katana, Beatrice Kabunda, Grace Bomu, Charles Newton, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: This study examined caregiver assessment of executive functioning (EF) in perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV) and perinatally HIV-exposed but uninfected (PHEU) Kenyan children, and explored the extent to which various biopsychosocial factors influence EF outcomes.

Methods: Children aged 3–5 years that were PHIV (n = 43), PHEU (n = 52), or HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU, n = 58) and their caregivers were enrolled in this study. EF was measured using the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory. Caregivers’ common mental disorders (CMDs) and parenting behaviour were evaluated using the Shona Symptoms Questionnaire (SSQ) and a parenting behaviour scale, respectively. We used analyses …

Substance Use Stigma: Examining The Role Of Social Work Education., Eboni Burton

Doctor of Social Work Capstone Projects

This study explored the extent of substance use related stigma among social work students and professionals (i.e., BSW, MSW, PHD and DSW) and its relationship to specialized education/training in substance use and professional practice with people who use drugs (PWUD)/live with a substance use disorder (PWSUD). Stigma was measured using the Opening Minds Provider Attitudes Toward Opioid Use Scale and the Medical Condition Regard Scale. The final sample size was 263. Results indicate that current enrollment in a social work program, post degree or non-curriculum related substance use related training, and personal and professional experience with substance use specifically, mitigate …

Does Genetic Testing Influence Outcomes: Early Experience In Melanoma Case Series, Ryan Reyes, George Skenteris, Stella Coker Watson Self Ph.D., Ms, Christine Marie-Gilligan Schammel, Steven D. Trocha

Faculty Publications

Background:

The treatment and prognosis of melanoma have historically been based on histologic stage and Breslow depth; however, due to the increase in surveillance, melanomas are being identified at an earlier stage and lower Breslow depth. Advances in genetic testing, such as Decision Dx®, mean that melanoma diagnostic decisions and prognosis can now be directed by genetics. The purpose of this project was to assess the influence of a Decision Dx® high-grade (Class 2A/B) classification on the treatment of melanoma patients at a regional medical center, particularly those not deemed high risk by conventional classification methods, including Breslow depth and …

Associations Of Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity Timing With Type 2 Diabetes Incidence In Uk Biobank And Prevalent Glycemic Measures In Nhanes, Qiuyu Feng, Gali Albalak, Linjun Ao, Qian Xiao, Heming Wang, Jeroen H P M Van Der Velde, Jessica C Kiefte-De Jong, Martin K Rutter, Charles E Matthews, Joshua R Freeman, Ko Willems Van Dijk, Diana Van Heemst, Raymond Noordam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: We assessed the association between timing of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) and glycemic measures.

Research design and methods: Regression models were used to assess associations between accelerometer-derived MVPA timing and incident T2D in UK Biobank (UKB) (n = 84,528, prospective), prevalent diabetes, and glycemic measures in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (n = 6,998, cross-sectional).

Results: In UKB, with early morning (0500-0959) MVPA as reference and before adjustment for total MVPA, "variable-timing" MVPA was associated with the lowest incident T2D risk; while after adjustment, afternoon-evening MVPA (1500-2400) showed the lowest …

Breast Cancer Awareness And Preferences For Screening Messaging On Menstrual Hygiene Products In Ghana And Tanzania, Tingting Mo, Elisabeth Msoka, Clement Narh, Blandina Mmbaga, Modesta Mitao, Getrude Mshana, Janeth Kiwia, Huruma Sapheli, Frank Baiden, Miriam Mutebi

General Surgery, East Africa

Background Menstrual hygiene products (MHPs) may offer a high-reach, frequent, long-lasting yet underutilized channel for health education, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aimed to explore women’s breast health awareness (BHA) and their attitudes towards and preferences for BHA messages on MHPs.

Methods Women aged 18–49 years in Ghana and Tanzania (n = 438; 216 Ghana, 222 Tanzania), stratified by age and urban/rural setting, completed a questionnaire assessing socio-demographics, BHA, and preferences for BHA messages with MHP. BHA was assessed with an adapted 31-item Breast Cancer Awareness Measure Tool covering 4 domains: breast cancer signs and symptoms, confidence, skills, and …

Morphea With Seronegative Inflammatory Arthritis And Normal Acute Phase Reactants: A Case Report, Balakrishnan Navaneethakrishnan, Mahabaleshwar Mamadapur

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Localised scleroderma, also known as morphea, is an immune-mediated fibrosing disorder that primarily affects the skin and subcutaneous tissues. While traditionally considered purely a cutaneous disease, extracutaneous manifestations (especially inflammatory arthritis) are increasingly being appreciated. The combined presence of morphea and inflammatory arthritis is rare and can be difficult to diagnose, particularly when inflammatory markers and serological testing are non-contributory.

Case Summary : We describe a 41-year-old woman with long-standing biopsy-proven morphea who over 2 years developed chronic, asymmetric inflammatory arthritis of the left wrist and hand small joints. On examination, she had active synovitis with restricted movements of her …

Risk Factors For Early-Onset And Late-Onset Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study, Katherine Giorgio, John J Stephen, Maxwell Mansolf, Elizabeth A Peterson, Alden L Gross, Emily M Briceño, Deborah A Levine, Catherine Helmer, Stéphanie Debette, Aïcha Soumaré, M Arfan Ikram, Frank J Wolters, Sudha Seshadri, Claudia L Satizabal, Jayandra Jung Himali, Lenore J Launer, David Li, Djass Mbangdadji, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Farzaneh A Sorond, Lihui Zhao, Oscar L Lopez, Suzanne E Judd, Timothy M Hughes, Vilmundur Guðnason, Allison E Aiello, Alison Fohner, Archana Singh-Manoux, Behnam Sabayan, James S Pankow, Paul S De Vries, Kristine Yaffe, Alexa Beiser, Abbas Dehghan, Rachel Zmora, Denise Scholtens, Pamela L Lutsey, Norrina B Allen, Richard Maclehose, Sanaz Sedaghat

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Early-onset dementia (onset before age 65 years) is an important health concern, but much of our understanding of its risk factors is inferred from studies of late-onset dementia (onset after age 65 years). We investigated associations between several demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors with early-onset dementia and compared those estimates against their associations with late-onset dementia.

Methods: Data from five community-based longitudinal cohort studies from the UK and USA were pooled and rigorously harmonised: UK Biobank, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Framingham Heart Study, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and Whitehall II Study. Dementia was ascertained via hospitalisation and death …

Marginal Dispositions And Shared Decision-Making Among Older Adults In The Ed: A Prospective Cohort Study, Adrian D Haimovich, Anita Chary, Laura Burke, Alexander T Janke, Adam Rodman, Bruce Landon, Nathan I Shapiro, Aanand D Naik, Elizabeth Schoenfeld, Kei Ouchi, Mara A Schonberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: ED disposition decisions for older adults are complex and often uncertain, yet studies rarely capture emergency physicians' real-time perspectives.

Objective: To assess patient outcomes based on emergency physician-perceived need for admission.

Design: Single-site prospective cohort study conducted between July and November 2024.

Setting: A Boston-area academic tertiary care ED.

Participants: Patients aged 65 and older dispositioned by attending physicians, excluding patients who were handed off, left without being seen, or eloped.

Measurements: Physicians rated admission need using a 5-point Likert scale (2-4 considered marginal). Primary outcome was ED disposition stratified by rating. Secondary outcomes were hospital length-of-stay (LOS), 7-day …

Undergraduate Health And Wellbeing Course And Study Away Program To Alaska, Lorraine S. Wallace, Steven J. Mousetes, Jennifer Bickley

Journal of Global Education and Research

High-impact practices, such as diversity/global education, have been shown to positively contribute to student development, engagement, and success. As the US is both culturally and linguistically diverse, domestic study away programs can offer students impactful multicultural educational experiences without leaving the country. The purpose of this study was to describe the design of a health and well-being academic course and accompanying study away program to Alaska for undergraduates at The Ohio State University (OSU). The authors (1) describe the application of the backward design process in guiding ELOs development, (2) provide a sample of course assignments and student responses, and …

An Odd Protocol For An Agent-Based Model Of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission In A Homogeneous Syringe-Sharing Network, Seun Ale, Que Thi Nguyet Nguyen Dr., John D. Kelleher Prof., Elizabeth Hunter Dr.

Reports

The model described in this ODD is an agent-based model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). The model assumes homogeneous mixing among syringe-sharing agents, without any form of heterogeneity in the agents interactions or syringe-sharing attitude. All syringe-sharing PWID are treated as identical in terms of their interaction frequency and syringe-sharing probability. Interactions are generated dynamically using proximity-based sampling at each timestep (one day), allowing agents to form syringe-sharing interactions based on spatial closeness. The number of daily interaction events is fixed at the population level, and each syringe-sharing agent has the same probability …

An Odd Protocol For An Agent-Based Model Of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission With Inter-Group Structural And Behavioural Heterogeneous Syringe-Sharing Networks (M4), Seun Ale, Que Nguyen Dr., John D. Kelleher Prof., Elizabeth Hunter Dr.

Reports

The model described in this ODD is an agent-based model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). The model incorporates structural heterogeneity through a three-group interaction framework and behavioural heterogeneity through group-specific syringe-sharing rates. The syringe-sharing population in the model is divided into core, inner, and outer circle groups representing individuals with high, moderate, and low levels of syringe-sharing interaction intensity, respectively. In addition to differences in the number of daily interaction opportunities across groups, agents in each group are assigned distinct syringe-sharing probabilities, reflecting variation in risk-taking behaviour across structural groups within the syringe-sharing …

Entangled Transitions: How Covid-19 Widened Well-Being Gaps Among Youth In Singapore (2017–2022), Vincent Chua, Han Ei Chew, Isabelle Tan, Pamela Lee

Research Collection Office of Impact

COVID-19 was not merely a biomedical crisis but a deeply social phenomenon entangled with existing inequalities. Drawing on Peter Kelly's notion of entanglement, we conceptualise the pandemic as an intersectional crisis − where time, structural disadvantage and socio-emotional well-being became interwoven. Using six waves of longitudinal data (2017–2022) from Youth STEPS, a panel study of young people in Singapore, we track within-person changes in life satisfaction across key youth transitions before, during and after the pandemic. Our findings show that the negative effects of unemployment and insecure work on well-being were markedly more severe during the pandemic than in earlier …

Acute Schistosomiasis In A Traveler Returning From St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands: A Case Report., John Weis, Mackenzie Caruthers, Megan Buller

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

In this case report, we describe a patient who presented to their primary care provider with abdominal pain after returning from travel to the Caribbean island of St. Croix. The patient reported two weeks of epigastric abdominal pain, dyspepsia, nausea, and night sweats. Following an initial evaluation that revealed eosinophilia with unclear etiology, they were referred to an infectious disease clinic. Through a targeted infectious evaluation and workup, the patient was diagnosed with acute schistosomiasis syndrome and was treated with praziquantel. Treatment resulted in the complete resolution of her symptoms, and follow-up laboratory evaluation showed complete resolution of her eosinophilia. …

Vaccination Games Of Boundedly Rational Parents Toward New Childhood Immunization, Wei Yin, Martial L. Ndeffo-Mbah, Tamer Oraby

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Infectious diseases harm societies through disease-induced morbidity, mortality, loss of productivity, and inequality. Thus, controlling and preventing them is critical for public health and societal well-being. However, societies can hinder efforts to control the spread of diseases by failing to adhere to public health recommendations, such as through vaccine hesitancy. Various disease-transmission models have been utilized to help policymakers respond to (re)emerging outbreaks. The usefulness of such models in assessing the effectiveness of public health policies is significantly dependent on human behavior. This paper introduces a new model of parental behavior toward a new childhood immunization. The model incorporates societal …

Exploring The Optimal Age For Total Knee Arthroplasty To Minimize Risk Of Adverse Outcomes: Machine Learning Analysis Of A Statewide Cohort, Chloe Heiting, Yiyuan Wu, Susan M. Goodman, Peter Sculco, Fei Wang, Said A. Ibrahim, Peter Cram, Rich Caruana, Bella Mehta

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Rates of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the United States have risen in patients of a wide age range. Although rates of postoperative TKA complications have decreased, they remain a significant concern. In this study, we aim to determine how the risk of adverse TKA outcomes changes dynamically with age and explore the optimal ages with the lowest risk for adverse outcomes.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent elective primary TKA from 2012 to 2018 in the Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council Database. We trained (70% train:30% test) an explainable boosting machine (EBM), a modern …

Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Pelayanan Pendaftaran Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Pemerintah: Analisis Kesenjangan Ekspektasi Dan Persepsi, Ade Heryana, Najla Kamilia Farhana, Dwi Nurmawaty, Rini Handayani

Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia

Outpatient registration services represent a critical touchpoint in the patient experience at hospitals. A mismatch between expectations and the actual service delivered can affect patient satisfaction. Public hospitals continue to face complaints related to the registration process, such as long waiting times, unclear information, and inadequate waiting facilities. This study aims to assess patient satisfaction with outpatient registration services by comparing expectations and perceptions based on Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory and by using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method to provide service improvement recommendations. This quantitative study employed an analysis of identically similar characteristics of paired Expectation and Perception 84 patients, …

School Climate As Primary Prevention: Mental Health And Violence Outcomes Among Lgbtq+ Youth In The U.S. South (2015–2024), Latarsha H. Michael, Brieah D. Hudson, Kenya T. Horne

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ+) adolescents in the U.S. South experience disproportionately high rates of bullying, discrimination, depression, and suicidality. Supportive and inclusive school climates are identified as key protective factors that can mitigate these risks and function as primary prevention against violence. This systematic narrative review synthesizes peer-reviewed research and high-quality survey reports published between 2015 and 2024 that assess school climate, mental health, and violence-related outcomes among LGBTQ+ youth with representation from Southern states, including Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, 1,167 records …

Violence And Abuse Against Adult Stroke Survivors In The Deep South: Epidemiology, Risk, And Public Health Responses, Dawn S. Mclendon, Shaneka S. Patterson, Shreyas Gangadhara

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Adults living with neurologic disability, particularly stroke survivors, face disproportionately high rates of violence and abuse. This vulnerability is amplified in the Deep South due to elevated stroke burden, structural disadvantage, and persistent community-level disparities in both violence and health care access. We conducted a narrative review of peer-reviewed literature indexed in PubMed, along with relevant surveillance and policy reports, to synthesize current evidence on the burden, patterns, risk factors, and prevention opportunities related to violence among adult stroke survivors. The review focused on elder mistreatment, intimate partner violence, sexual violence, caregiver abuse and neglect, and financial exploitation. Findings indicate …

Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Length Of Hospital Stay And Discharge Disposition Among Male And Female Gunshot Injury Patients In Jackson, Mississippi., Okechukwu Erinne, Deanna Howington, Sarah Mcgraw, Jonathan B. Lowrie, Matthew Kutcher, Alyscia Severance, Masoumeh Karimi, Leila Seidfaraji, Lei Zhang

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Background: Gun violence remains a public health concern in the United States, with Jackson, Mississippi, ranking among the highest in gun violence rates. Understanding how sociodemographic factors influence clinical outcomes is essential for improving care delivery and resource allocation. 

Purpose: This study examined the association between age, education, employment, and insurance status with hospital length of stay (HLOS) and discharge disposition among adult male and female firearm injury patients residing in Jackson, Mississippi.

Methods: Data were obtained from the electronic health records of adults (≥ 18 years) presenting to the University of Mississippi Medical Center emergency department …

A Secondary Analysis Of Mississippi Domestic Violence Trends From 2019 To September 2025 Based On The Trace Atlas Of Gun Violence Archives, Lashanda D. Brumfield, Bernice Akinwande, Vickie Blakely Reed, Traci Hayes, Tanya Funchess

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Abstract

Background: Domestic violence remains one of the most heartbreaking yet overlooked public health challenges across the Deep South. Prevention programs and effective policies addressing domestic violence issues must be driven by translatable, applicable, and reliable data in order to see outcome-driven results. Purpose: The objective was to identify temporal, regional, and city-level patterns in the frequency and severity of domestic violence gun incidents. Methods: This study presents a secondary analysis of domestic violence gun incidents in Mississippi from January 2019 to September 2025. To examine geographic distribution, incidents were aggregated at the regional level: Central, Northeast, Northwest, Southwest, …